CN113822547B - Comprehensive information platform system for refined demand side management and management method - Google Patents
Comprehensive information platform system for refined demand side management and management method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a comprehensive information platform for refined demand side management. Firstly, constructing a framework suitable for the management of the refined demand side of different electric power market development stages, wherein the framework comprises a refined ordered electric power management platform and a refined demand response management platform; secondly, constructing a data support platform for managing the refined requirement side, namely a comprehensive information platform, and summarizing the functional requirements of the platform; thirdly, summarizing the bottom data sources of the comprehensive information platform, and constructing a multi-source heterogeneous data fusion model; then, constructing a dimension model of a middle layer data warehouse of the comprehensive information platform to realize data management; and finally, analyzing the function of upper layer data analysis of the comprehensive information platform and giving out a corresponding realization path. Through constructing a refined demand side management comprehensive information platform, multiparty data integration and sharing are realized, and all data information generally related to the orderly power utilization and demand response implementation process is mastered and monitored in an omnibearing manner.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of demand side management, in particular to a comprehensive information platform for refined demand side management.
Background
The management of the demand side changes the idea of simply supplying power to meet the demand in the traditional planning, the electric power and the electric quantity saved by the demand side are also regarded as a resource, and the two resources of the supplier and the demander are comprehensively compared, so that an optimization scheme is sought according to the principle of minimum cost, and the maximum social benefit and economic benefit are generated.
The specific form and manifestation of demand side management is closely related to the stage of development of the power market in which it is located:
(1) When the power marketing reform is still in the primary stage, the management of the demand side is mainly expressed as 'orderly power utilization', and the management is more dependent on the use of various administrative means, when a power gap occurs, the management is often dealt with by making a power limiting plan scheme, and a power supply enterprise unilaterally gives out and executes to a user.
(2) When the power market reforms gradually and matures, the center of gravity of demand side management gradually trends to the use of economic means, and mainly shows that the demand response is more dependent on the price leverage of the market, and in the demand response mode, the demand response is not unilaterally dominant by a power supply enterprise, the power supply enterprise needs to communicate with users to form interaction, so that the whole market mechanism plays a role in optimizing and configuring limited power resources.
The idea of refinement management is a theoretical basis for refinement demand side management. The basic premise of the fine management is to have accurate and timely grasp on the running condition of the system. In the specific and ordered electricity utilization and demand response work, the input conditions and the planned execution conditions of the ordered electricity utilization schemes and the demand responses of the regional and county power supply offices of the whole network are required to be monitored in real time, and the electricity utilization conditions of all industries are tracked and monitored, so that the statistics analysis of the execution conditions, the electricity influencing conditions and the like can be carried out in the different industries, the different regions and the different time periods, the dynamic state of the electricity utilization market is fully mastered, the electricity utilization load characteristics of users are deeply known, and powerful support is provided for the management of the refined demand side.
Technically, the large-user load management system which is popularized and applied at present can realize the functions of real-time acquisition, monitoring, load control, electric energy information analysis and the like of the user side electricity consumption through the multi-system linkage of a metering automation system, a dispatching system, a marketing system and the like. Along with the construction of intelligent power grids in China, the intelligent meter gradually replaces a traditional common electronic watch, the intelligent meter can measure and store data including various operation parameters such as current, voltage, power factor and the like of each phase besides electricity consumption, and if the data are collected and utilized, a plurality of advanced applications including fine management on a demand side can be realized.
In summary, the establishment of a phased demand side refinement management overall framework that includes orderly power usage and demand response is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a comprehensive information platform for fine demand side management and a method for fine demand side management, which provide technology and data support for fine ordered power consumption management and fine demand response management.
A refined demand side management integrated information platform system, comprising:
the fine ordered electricity utilization management framework is used for managing ordered electricity utilization of users;
the refined demand response management framework is used for responding to the electricity demand of the user;
and the data support platform is used for integrating and sharing data with the fine ordered electricity utilization management framework and the fine demand response management framework so as to acquire, monitor and record information of the fine ordered electricity utilization management framework and the fine demand response management framework.
Preferably, the refined demand side management integrated information platform system of the invention is provided with a refined orderly power consumption management framework and a refined demand response management framework which are provided with demand side management modes aiming at different power market development stages;
wherein the demand side management mode of the electricity market development stage includes at least one of: market primary stage mode, transition stage mode, market perfection stage mode.
Preferably, the refined requirement side management integrated information platform system of the present invention, the refined ordered power consumption management framework includes: the system comprises an ordered electricity utilization comprehensive evaluation index system, a decomposition peak-staggering index system, an ordered electricity utilization scheme compiling system, an ordered electricity utilization scheme executing system and an ordered electricity utilization post-execution evaluation system;
the system is used for providing decision support for decomposing peak-staggering indexes and compiling an ordered power utilization scheme and providing basis for evaluation after ordered power utilization execution;
the system comprises a decomposition peak-staggering index system, a sequential power utilization comprehensive evaluation index system and a data support platform, wherein supply and demand gaps determined by a dispatching department according to the conditions of grid load, power generation output, grid supply load and the like are decomposed step by step to each lower-level region according to a certain proportion according to a decomposition principle and a method;
the system for programming the ordered electricity utilization scheme realizes the electric power and quantity balance according to the basic principles of ordered electricity utilization comprehensive evaluation index system, decomposition peak staggering and avoiding index system, namely peak staggering firstly, peak avoidance secondly, electricity limiting secondly and brake pulling finally;
the system for executing the ordered power utilization scheme is based on the ordered power utilization comprehensive evaluation index system, the system for compiling the ordered power utilization scheme informs users participating in the ordered power utilization, the system is implemented according to the compiled ordered power utilization scheme, and the execution of the ordered scheme is monitored;
The system for evaluating the after-execution of the ordered electricity consumption evaluates the execution condition of a user according to the implementation effect of the system inspection scheme of the ordered electricity consumption comprehensive evaluation index system and the ordered electricity consumption scheme, and provides a basis for the dynamic perfection of the peak-staggering index decomposition algorithm and the improvement of the ordered electricity consumption decision mathematical model;
the refined demand response management framework includes: the system comprises a demand response information collection system, a demand response evaluation index system, a demand response pre-analysis system, a demand response scheme making system, a demand response scheme executing system and a demand response post-execution evaluation system;
the demand response information collection system collects and manages all information involved in the demand response process based on the data support platform, wherein the information comprises energy economy information, user basic information, real-time information, power grid running condition information and demand response contract information;
the demand response evaluation index system is used for establishing an index system as a supporting basis for participating users and regulation modes, and providing a basis for evaluation after demand response execution;
the demand response pre-analysis system performs various pre-analyses including power system supply and demand condition analysis, load prediction, response resource classification, demand response potential analysis and demand response resource library according to a demand response evaluation index system and a demand response information collection system before a demand response scheme is released and a user participates in response;
The demand response scheme making system makes detailed contents including response types, response triggering conditions, response time, response quantity, real-time electricity price, compensation price and demand response scheme contract according to the demand response prior analysis system;
the demand response scheme executing system executes the process monitoring, user system/equipment regulation and control and user power data monitoring including the execution of the demand response scheme and the execution of the demand response scheme according to the demand response scheme making system;
the system evaluates the demand response execution condition of the user after the demand response is finished according to the demand response evaluation index system, the demand response scheme execution system and the demand response scheme making system, and issues compensation according to the execution condition; the method comprises the steps of calculating a baseline load, calculating the actual response quantity of a user, evaluating the response effect, calculating and issuing rewards and punishments and recording demand response events.
Preferably, the refined requirement side management integrated information platform system of the present invention, the refined ordered power consumption management framework includes:
the ordered electricity consumption data demand management system is used for managing load information, user file information, user real-time load data and electric quantity data, user load control request data, weather forecast data, peak-shifting early warning of a user and executing notification short messages;
The ordered electricity utilization basic information management system is used for user basic information management and supply and demand balance information management;
the ordered power utilization scheme management system is used for load gap regulation and control measure management, local load gap regulation and control measure management, zhou Xiu rotation rest plan management, seasonal peak-shifting plan management and ordered power utilization scheme accessory management;
the ordered electricity utilization execution management system is used for ordered electricity utilization execution scheme management and ordered electricity utilization execution monitoring control management;
the ordered electricity utilization information release management system is used for realizing personnel short message notification of ordered electricity utilization starting or releasing through ordered electricity utilization information release management, and notifying personnel including supervising personnel, participating users, company leaders and government related personnel;
the ordered telegraph management system is used for realizing the execution of daily report and seasonal peak-staggering plan execution of monthly report statistics on the ordered electricity utilization of the provincial city by depending on the marketing business application system;
the system comprises an ordered electricity utilization comprehensive display system, a control system and a control system, wherein the ordered electricity utilization comprehensive display system is used for displaying the conditions of all-provinces and all-places ordered electricity utilization work development through a multimedia technology in an all-dimensional and multi-dimensional manner;
the ordered electricity utilization knowledge base management system is used for realizing the comprehensive management of knowledge collection, knowledge classification, knowledge maintenance, knowledge retrieval and knowledge browsing of ordered electricity utilization policy regulations, standard specifications/files, training teaching materials and typical experience so as to realize the search and the check of the relevant knowledge of ordered electricity utilization;
The ordered electricity consumption information data demand management system and the ordered electricity consumption basic information management system acquire information from the data support platform; the ordered electricity utilization scheme management system formulates an ordered electricity utilization scheme according to the ordered electricity utilization comprehensive evaluation index system and the decomposition peak-staggering index system, and the ordered electricity utilization execution management system is used for executing the formulated ordered electricity utilization scheme; and the ordered electricity utilization telegraph management system and the ordered electricity utilization knowledge base management system exchange information with the data support platform.
Preferably, the refined requirement side management integrated information platform system of the present invention, the refined requirement response management framework includes:
the demand response information data demand management system is used for managing load information, wherein the load information is derived from power supply system data, user file information and power consumption user equipment account data and is derived from a distribution network production system; the user real-time load data, the electric quantity data and the user load control request data are derived from a metering automation system; weather forecast data derived from a weather system; early warning of peak shifting and executing notification short messages for users;
the demand response basic information management system is used for managing basic information of users and supply and demand balance information;
A demand response scheme management system, the demand response scheme management including demand response trigger conditions, price-based demand response scheme management, and incentive-based demand response scheme management;
the demand response execution management system is used for managing a demand response execution scheme and monitoring and managing demand response execution;
the demand response information release management system is used for releasing the related content of the demand response event in advance through the platform and notifying the participating users;
the demand response report management system is used for realizing daily report and monthly report statistics of demand response events by depending on the marketing business application system;
the comprehensive demand response display system is used for displaying the working development condition of demand response in an omnibearing and multidimensional way through a multimedia technology;
the demand response knowledge base management system is used for realizing comprehensive management of demand response policy regulation, standard specification/file, knowledge collection, knowledge classification, knowledge maintenance, knowledge retrieval and knowledge browsing of training teaching materials and typical experience, so as to realize search and view of demand response related knowledge.
Preferably, the data support platform comprises a bottom layer data source and multi-source heterogeneous data fusion model, a dimension model of a middle layer data warehouse and an upper layer data analysis system;
The dimension model of the middle-layer data warehouse is used for realizing data management, and the upper-layer data analysis system is used for giving out corresponding realization paths.
Preferably, in the refined requirement side management integrated information platform system of the present invention, the summarizing steps of the underlying data source are: dividing the data sources into three types of systems, load side user information and other influencing factors, and recording related departments and representative data contained in the three types of data sources in detail;
the construction steps of the multi-source heterogeneous data fusion model are as follows: constructing a multi-source heterogeneous data fusion model from a data acquisition layer and a data transmission layer, and focusing on the construction of the data acquisition layer;
the construction steps of the data acquisition layer comprise:
and (3) data access: defining access of multi-source heterogeneous data from the aspects of access data, data extraction modes and extraction frequencies, wherein the access data defining each data source, the extraction modes and the extraction frequencies of each access data;
data cleaning: cleaning invalid, redundant and defective data in all obtained data; the bad data comprises data missing, data abnormality and data asynchronous, wherein the data is cleaned by using an alternative method or a smoothing method when the data is missing, the data is cleaned by adopting methods such as data smoothing, data fitting and the like when the data is abnormal, and the data is cleaned by adopting an interpolation method and a forced synchronization method when the data is asynchronous;
And (3) unifying data: unifying the specification and mode of the data, and carrying out data normalization processing.
Preferably, in the refined requirement side management integrated information platform system of the present invention, the construction step of the data transmission layer includes:
and constructing a data transmission layer around two links of the data quality monitoring system and the data interactive inspection system by taking a network end as an object, wherein the network end comprises a power grid and an information network.
Preferably, the modeling step of the dimension model of the refined requirement side management integrated information platform system of the present invention includes:
determining an analysis topic, the analysis topic comprising: the method comprises the steps of orderly power utilization value of a user, overall orderly power utilization benefit, user demand response value and overall demand response benefit;
determining data granularity, wherein the data granularity represents the detail degree of the detail in the fact table;
determining a data dimension, and starting from analysis topics, determining the data dimension, wherein different analysis topics relate to different dimensions; the data dimension of the user ordered electricity price analysis theme comprises: date dimension, time dimension, region dimension, user dimension, equipment dimension, individual electricity consumption dimension, daily electricity quantity dimension and external influence factor dimension;
the data dimension of the ordered electricity utilization overall benefit analysis subject includes: date dimension, regional dimension, user dimension, overall electricity consumption dimension, daily electricity dimension, power generation production condition dimension, system running state dimension, economic factor dimension, ordered electricity utilization scheme dimension and external influence factor dimension;
The data dimensions of the user demand response value analysis topic include: date dimension, time dimension, region dimension, user dimension, equipment dimension, individual electricity consumption dimension, daily electricity quantity dimension and external influence factor dimension;
the data dimensions of the demand response overall benefit analysis topic include: date dimension, region dimension, user dimension, overall electricity consumption dimension, daily electricity dimension, power generation production condition dimension, system running state dimension, economic factor dimension, demand response scheme dimension and external influence factor dimension;
determining the construction of evaluation indexes of the fact table, and determining the evaluation indexes according to the analysis subject;
the evaluation indexes of the comprehensive evaluation of the user ordered electricity price value comprise: the method comprises the steps of generating electricity consumption, tax of unit electricity consumption, income rate of electricity fee, electricity purchasing rate, proportion of electricity saving equipment, illegal electricity consumption behavior, actual paying rate in the present period, accumulated paying rate, ordered electricity utilization matching degree, user satisfaction, electricity purchasing rate, proportion increasing rate of electricity saving equipment, electricity price increasing rate, network loss rate, typical load form similarity, heat preservation load proportion, network voltage distribution positive effect and user willingness level;
the evaluation indexes of the comprehensive evaluation of the integral benefit of the orderly power utilization comprise: the peak charge capacity cost, the coal consumption, the electric charge loss of an electric company, the investment cost of a power grid, the improvement of the load rate of the power grid, the electric operation and maintenance cost, the increased management cost of users, the compensation of the users for participating in orderly power utilization, the power utilization price value of the affected users, the reduced carbon dioxide emission and the reduced sulfur dioxide emission can be avoided;
The evaluation indexes of the comprehensive evaluation of the user demand response value comprise: load characteristics, load importance, unit output value electricity consumption, electricity purchasing quantity ratio, equipment proportion capable of responding, default times, paying rate, accumulated paying rate, response coordination degree, response quantity, response speed, response flexibility, response times, response willingness degree, typical load similarity, synchronous rate, equipment energy efficiency index, equipment energy efficiency improvement potential, new energy index and electric energy substitution potential;
the evaluation indexes of the comprehensive evaluation of the overall benefit of the demand response comprise: the peak load capacity cost can be avoided, the power generation fuel cost can be avoided, the unit start-stop cost can be avoided, the power supply construction cost can be avoided, the power grid investment cost can be avoided, the system operation and maintenance cost can be avoided, the system load rate, the electric charge loss of an electric company, the system transformation cost, the demand response excitation cost can be increased, the subsidy or income can be obtained, the electricity price value of an affected user, the equipment investment cost, the carbon dioxide emission reduction amount, the sulfur dioxide emission reduction amount, the nitrogen oxide emission reduction amount, the emission reduction amount of other pollutants can be increased, the system energy efficiency can be improved, and the renewable energy growth rate can be increased;
the method comprises the steps of adopting a star model to represent a dimension model, connecting a fact table with the dimension table, setting a main key and an external key for connection, and finally completing dimension modeling of a data warehouse, wherein the dimension modeling comprises a user ordered electricity utilization value star model diagram, an ordered electricity utilization overall benefit star model, a user demand response value star model and a demand response overall benefit star model;
The upper layer data analysis system comprises an online analysis processing system and a data mining system;
the analysis processing steps of the online analysis processing system comprise:
multidimensional checking, namely, instantly inquiring facts of different dimensions in a data warehouse according to requirements by setting different constraint conditions in an inquiry statement;
the index characteristic analysis only involves simple comparison and four arithmetic operations, and according to a given formula, index characteristics of a city company level and a province company level are obtained layer by layer along the hierarchy of a regional dimension for reference of investment decision-makers of different levels; obtaining daily average load, monthly average daily load and annual average daily load layer by layer along the hierarchy of the time dimension for reference of investment decision-makers of different levels;
the analysis surface of the data mining system comprises:
load curve analysis, typical daily load curve analysis, clustering algorithm, baseline load analysis and potential evaluation;
the load curve analysis comprises a daily load curve, a Zhou Fuhe curve, a monthly load curve and a annual continuous load curve; the daily load curve is described according to the curve of the change of the power load along with time within 24 hours a day, and the load data in the data support platform is utilized to draw a required load curve of each day; the annual load curve is drawn according to the time sequence of the maximum load of each month, and reflects the change condition of the maximum load of each month in the year; the annual continuous load curve is formed by sequentially arranging and drawing according to the magnitude of the load value of the power system and the continuous hours thereof in one year, and reflects the duration of various power load levels in one year;
The typical daily load curve analysis is carried out by selecting a daily load curve with the daily load rate closest to the average daily load rate of the month and without abnormal distortion of the load curve as a typical daily load curve of the month;
the method comprises the steps of analyzing a base line load, firstly, obtaining k types of typical loads of a user through a characteristic clustering algorithm, then restoring the base line through a matching method, matching a daily method, and selecting a typical load with the smallest load variance of a non-response time period of a response day from a clustering result of n days of historical loads before the event day as the base line load;
the potential evaluation is calculated through an orderly power utilization comprehensive evaluation index system and a demand response evaluation index system.
A method for managing a refined demand side comprises the following steps:
establishing a refined ordered electricity management framework for managing ordered electricity utilization of users;
establishing a refined demand response management framework for responding to the electricity demand of a user;
and establishing a data supporting platform for integrating and sharing data with the fine ordered electricity consumption management framework and the fine demand response management framework so as to acquire, monitor and record information of the fine ordered electricity consumption management framework and the fine demand response management framework.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention provides a comprehensive information platform system for refined demand side management and a management method thereof, which realize multiparty data integration and sharing, master and monitor all data information which is always involved in the implementation process of ordered electricity utilization and demand response in an all-round manner, and provide support for the data and informatization aspects of the implementation whole process of the scheme formulation, information management, evaluation settlement and the like of the ordered electricity utilization and the demand response.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system framework of a refined demand side management integrated information platform of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a refined and orderly power management framework of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a refined demand response management framework in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a comprehensive information platform framework according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a user orderly power utilization value star model of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a star model of the overall benefit of orderly power utilization in the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a star model of user demand response value according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a demand response overall benefit star model in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an OLAP index characteristic analysis according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings, the examples are illustrated for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The invention is more particularly described by way of example in the following paragraphs with reference to the drawings. Advantages and features of the invention will become more apparent from the following description and from the claims. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all to a non-precise scale, merely for convenience and clarity in aiding in the description of embodiments of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a comprehensive information platform for refined demand side management, and the implementation process comprises the following detailed steps:
Step 1, establishing a refined demand side management framework applicable to different electric power market development stages, wherein the refined demand side management framework comprises a refined ordered electric power management framework and a refined demand response management framework;
(1) Staged demand side management
The demand side management implementation mode has a stage development attribute because the adaptability and maturity of the demand side management measures in the market condition background of each period are different. The demand side management implementation modes under different marketization degrees can be divided into a market primary stage mode, a transition stage mode and a market perfection stage mode according to different administrative means and market means in work, and the following steps are as follows:
1) Market primary stage mode
In the primary stage of the electric power market, the market mechanism is not sound, the market operation rule is not perfect, the electricity price type is single, under the background, the demand side management implementation mode takes administrative means as a main part, takes market means as an auxiliary part, and depends on forced electricity management of government to ensure the safe and stable operation of an electric power system, and meanwhile, test point work of the market means is developed gradually.
2) Transition phase mode
With the gradual development of the electric power market, the electricity price mechanism is deeply improved, and the electricity price form starts to show various characteristics (such as time-of-use electricity price set according to electricity consumption time, peak electricity price determined according to peak market demand, step-by-step electricity price determined according to electricity consumption amount and the like). In this case, the demand side management based on market price will be popularized and applied. However, since the electricity price mechanism in the transition stage is not yet perfect, it is impossible to simply rely on electricity price measures to manage loads, and certain administrative means must be reserved. Therefore, the transition stage is preferably to adopt a mode that the market means and the administrative means are parallel, and meanwhile, the test point implementation work of the market means is actively carried out, so that the implementation range of the market means is continuously widened.
3) Market perfection stage mode
When the marketized operation degree of the power system is higher, the electricity price mechanism is perfect, and various electricity price measures are widely applied. Users can actively participate in market competition and obtain corresponding economic benefits according to the self electricity utilization mode through various marketized electricity price mechanisms and market incentive mechanisms.
The implementation mode of the demand side management at the stage is mainly orderly power consumption management, and measures such as peak-valley time-of-use electricity price or load interruption measures are preliminarily implemented in part of areas. On the current basis, more measures and means are developed to transition from the orderly power mode to the demand-side response mode.
(2) Refined orderly power management
With the core idea of fine management as a guide, a fine ordered electricity management framework is established as shown in fig. 2, and the basic flow can be divided into the following links:
(1) establishing an orderly electricity utilization comprehensive evaluation index system
The ordered electricity utilization comprehensive evaluation index system can provide decision support for the decomposition of peak staggering indexes and the programming of ordered electricity utilization schemes, and also provides important basis for the evaluation after the ordered electricity utilization is executed;
(2) peak avoidance index of decomposition
Decomposing peak staggering indexes, namely gradually decomposing supply and demand gaps determined by a dispatching department according to conditions such as power grid load, power generation output, grid supply load and the like to each lower-level region according to a certain proportion according to a decomposition principle and a method;
(3) Programming an orderly power utilization scheme
An orderly power utilization scheme is compiled, the electric power and electricity balance is realized according to the basic principles of peak staggering, peak avoiding, power limiting and gate pulling, the operation safety of a power grid and the stability of a power supply order are ensured, and the power resource is optimally configured;
(4) executing ordered power usage schemes
Notifying the users participating in the ordered electricity utilization, implementing according to the ordered electricity utilization scheme, and monitoring the execution of the ordered scheme.
(5) Performing in-order post-power-execution assessment
And (3) performing evaluation after the orderly power utilization execution, checking the implementation effect of the scheme, evaluating the execution condition of a user, and providing a basis for the dynamic perfection of the peak-staggering index decomposition algorithm and the improvement of the orderly power utilization decision mathematical model.
(3) Refined demand response management
With the core idea of fine management as a guide, a fine demand response management framework is established as shown in fig. 3, and the basic flow can be divided into the following links:
(1) demand response information collection
All information involved in the demand response process is collected and managed, including energy economy information, user basic information and real-time information, power grid running condition information, demand response contract information and the like.
Details of the details are found in the data warehouse section of the comprehensive information model section that follows.
(2) Demand response evaluation index
A scientific index system is established as a supporting basis for participating users and regulation modes, and an important basis is provided for evaluation after demand response execution.
(3) Demand response pre-analysis
Before the demand response scheme is released and the user participates in the response, various prior analyses are needed, including power system supply and demand condition analysis, load prediction, response resource classification, demand response potential analysis, demand response resource library and the like.
(4) Demand response scheme formulation
Including the type of response, the response trigger conditions, the response time, the response volume, the real-time electricity price, the compensation price, etc., and the details of the demand response scheme contract.
(5) Demand response scheme execution
Including demand response scheme execution procedures, demand response scheme execution procedure monitoring, user system/device regulation, user power data monitoring, and the like.
(6) Post-execution evaluation of demand response
And evaluating the demand response execution condition of the user after the demand response is finished, and issuing compensation according to the execution condition. The method comprises the steps of calculating a baseline load, calculating the actual response quantity of a user, evaluating the response effect, calculating and issuing rewards and punishments, recording a demand response event and the like.
And 2, establishing a data support platform for managing the refined requirement side, namely a comprehensive information platform, and summarizing the functional requirements of the platform. The comprehensive information platform needs to realize multiparty data integration and sharing, master and monitor all data information related in the implementation process of ordered electricity utilization and demand response in an omnibearing manner, and provide support in data and informatization for the implementation whole process of the scheme formulation, information management, evaluation settlement and the like of the ordered electricity utilization and demand response.
(1) Platform frame
The comprehensive information platform framework is shown in fig. 4, and the comprehensive information platform comprises three modules, namely data source and multi-source heterogeneous data fusion, a data management method and content, and data analysis.
1) Data source and multi-source heterogeneous data fusion
The data source and multi-source heterogeneous data fusion technology are not different for orderly power utilization and demand response, and the module is the same, and the main data source is as described in fig. 2 and 3. The data acquisition technology relates to multi-source heterogeneous data fusion and mainly comprises the steps of data acquisition, data transmission, data preprocessing and the like.
2) Data management method and content
The data management method, namely a technology for effectively organizing and storing complicated data related to orderly power utilization and demand response, is selected to facilitate the realization of subsequent basic function application and data analysis. The ordered power usage and demand response are also the same in the choice of data management method, with data warehouse technology being employed as the data management method.
The data management content, namely the data which is related to the implementation process of the ordered electricity utilization and the demand response and needs to be stored and managed, mainly comprises basic information management, index management, scheme management, information release management, execution management, knowledge base management and the like, and the ordered electricity utilization and the demand response are different and need to be introduced respectively.
3) Data analysis
The data analysis comprises three modules, namely comprehensive display, report query and data mining, and the three functions are realized through a proper method or algorithm based on the content of data management. Comprehensively displaying the data concerned by the platform user intuitively in a curve, picture and other modes; the report inquiry function is mainly used for a manager or a decision maker to collect and report simple statistical data for related personnel to use; the data mining realizes relatively responsible data analysis functions in the platform, such as cluster analysis, load characteristic analysis, baseline analysis, load prediction, potential evaluation and the like, and can be made into an open interface, so that the follow-up higher-level functions can be conveniently expanded according to requirements.
(2) Ordered power utilization function of platform
1) Information data demand
The information data requirements mainly include: load information; user profile information, user name, number, industry, newspaper capacity, etc.; the user loads data and electric quantity data in real time; user load control request data; weather forecast data; and carrying out peak-shifting early warning and executing notification short messages for the user.
2) Basic information management
The basic information management is divided into two parts, namely user basic information management and supply and demand balance information management.
(1) User basic information management: and inquiring and screening the user basic information from the marketing business application system according to various conditions such as power supply units, voltage levels, contract capacity and the like. The method comprises the steps of subdividing users according to industries, formulating different ordered electricity utilization capability information contents according to industry characteristics, maintaining ordered electricity utilization capability information of the users by taking the users as units, and providing information support for formulating ordered electricity utilization schemes.
(2) Supply and demand balance information management: the supply and demand balance information management is classified into supply and demand history information management and supply and demand prediction information management. The supply and demand history information management is to maintain and inquire the maximum load, the maximum gap and the respective occurrence time which occur in the peak-welcome summer and the peak-welcome winter of each city. The supply and demand forecast information management is to maintain and inquire the maximum load, the maximum gap and the respective occurrence time range expected to occur in the current year peak-welcome summer or peak-welcome winter of each city.
3) Orderly power usage scheme management
The ordered power utilization scheme management comprises regular load gap regulation and control measure management, local load gap regulation and control measure management, zhou Xiu rotation plan management, seasonal peak-shifting plan management and ordered power utilization scheme accessory management.
(1) Conventional load gap regulation and control measure management: and each local city company formulates a fourth-level load gap index according to a local city load distribution scheme, and distributes participating users of each gap level according to the fourth-level load gap index. The load gap regulating measures and the load gap regulating refinement measures of each local market are managed and maintained through the load gap regulating measures.
(2) Local load gap regulation and control measure management: and each local city company establishes local load gap regulation measures and participating users according to local overload areas possibly occurring in the peak-to-peak summer or the peak-to-peak winter of the local city. The local load gap regulation measures are managed and maintained in each local city in the current year through the local load gap regulation measures.
(3) Zhou Xiu round-break schedule management: and according to the long-term load gap conditions possibly occurring in the winter or the summer of the winter welcome peak of the local city, each city company carries out a circle-break rotation measure on the users, and Zhou Xiu circle-break management establishes the users participating in orderly electricity utilization on each day in a week by taking the week as a period. The Zhou Xiu round-off plans of each local city are managed and maintained through Zhou Xiu round-off plans.
(4) Seasonal off-peak planning management: each city company makes seasonal peak staggering plan according to the peak period of electricity consumption in winter or summer, guides users to orderly develop equipment maintenance, staggers the peak period of electricity consumption, reduces the electricity load in peak period, and ensures the operation safety of the power grid. And (5) managing and maintaining seasonal off-peak plans of companies in various places through the seasonal off-peak plans.
(5) Orderly power usage scheme accessory management: the provincial companies and the local companies upload the electronic documents of the ordered power utilization schemes, which are approved by the government departments of the annual report, through the accessory management of the ordered power utilization schemes, so that the electronic documents are convenient to review and manage.
4) Orderly power utilization execution management
The orderly power utilization execution management comprises orderly power utilization execution scheme management and orderly power utilization execution monitoring control management.
(1) Orderly power utilization execution scheme management: and the companies in each city formulate a conventional orderly power utilization execution scheme or a local orderly power utilization execution scheme according to the local area load gap condition. And automatically generating a regular orderly power utilization execution scheme, a local orderly power utilization execution scheme or a periodic rest plan execution scheme of a local city company according to the rule formulated by the orderly power utilization execution scheme by indexes in management of the orderly power utilization execution scheme, and realizing the starting and releasing of the regular/local orderly power utilization execution scheme, the Zhou Xiu periodic rest plan execution scheme and the seasonal peak-shifting plan.
(2) Orderly power consumption execution monitoring management: by means of the electricity consumption information acquisition system, real-time monitoring of power supply loads of three-level networks of provinces, cities and counties and electricity consumption loads of users is achieved, and according to monitoring results, a user side load control program is started to jump off a corresponding shunt switch according to peak-avoiding electricity limiting indexes, so that technical means are provided for guaranteeing normal execution of orderly electricity consumption.
5) Ordered electricity usage information publication management
Through the ordered electricity utilization information release management, the personnel short message notification for the ordered electricity utilization start or release is realized, and the notification personnel comprise supervising personnel, participating users, corporate leaders, government related personnel and the like.
6) Orderly telegraph management
And realizing report statistics of orderly electricity utilization execution daily reports, seasonal peak-staggering plan execution monthly reports and the like in provincial cities by means of a marketing business application system.
The report management can inquire the date of the orderly power utilization execution information, the maximum load of the daily regulation, the daily regulation electric quantity, the peak shifting unit number, the peak avoiding load, the peak avoiding influence electric quantity, the temporary power limiting unit number, the temporary power limiting limit load, the temporary power limiting influence electric quantity, the wheel stopping power limiting unit number, the wheel stopping power limiting limit load, the wheel stopping power limiting influence electric quantity, the number of the wheel stopping power limiting units, the stop power limiting limit load, the stop power limiting influence electric quantity, the controllable total unit number, the controllable power limiting load, the controllable influence total electric quantity, the maximum power pulling load, the power pulling strip time and the power pulling effect electric quantity according to the orderly power utilization execution date and the power supply area.
7) Ordered comprehensive electricity utilization display
Through the multimedia technology, the comprehensive and multidimensional display of the full-saving and all-local ordered electricity utilization work development conditions comprises network supply and user electricity utilization load curve display, load gap condition display, ordered electricity utilization participation and execution account number composition condition display, ordered electricity utilization execution industry composition condition display, ordered electricity utilization execution effect display and the like. The display method comprises curve display, statistical chart display and the like.
8) Knowledge base management
Knowledge base management realizes the comprehensive management of ordered electricity utilization policy regulation, standard specification/file, knowledge collection of training teaching materials and typical experience, knowledge classification, knowledge maintenance, knowledge retrieval and knowledge browsing, so as to realize the rapid search and check of the ordered electricity utilization related knowledge.
(3) Demand response function for platform
1) Information data demand
The information data requirements mainly include: load information derived from power supply system data, including regional load data; user profile information, user name, number, industry, newspaper capacity, etc., derived from the marketing system; the power utilization user equipment account data is derived from a distribution network production system; the user real-time load data, the electric quantity data and the user load control request data are derived from a metering automation system; weather forecast data derived from a weather system; and carrying out peak-shifting early warning and executing notification short messages for the user.
2) Basic information management
The basic information management is divided into two parts, namely user basic information management and supply and demand balance information management, and the specific content and the ordered level platform have the same function.
3) Demand response scheme management
Demand response program management includes demand response trigger conditions, price-based demand response program management, incentive-based demand response program management, and the like.
4) Demand response execution management
The demand response execution management includes demand response execution scheme management and demand response execution monitoring management.
(1) Demand response execution scheme management: giving theoretical measuring and calculating values for response potential of demand response users in the area to form an accurate response resource library; providing a function of configuring and maintaining a demand response decision strategy for each level of demand response event manager (government department, grid company or electric energy service provider).
(2) The demand response performs monitoring management: the user terminal provided by the user terminal or the load integrator of the demand response platform monitors the demand response event process, so that the real-time monitoring of the network load and the user power load is realized, and the load reduction is adjusted in time according to the monitoring result.
5) Demand response information publication management
Related content of the demand response event is issued in advance through the platform, and the participating users are notified.
6) Demand response report management
And executing report statistics such as daily report, monthly report and the like on the demand response event by depending on the marketing service application system.
7) Comprehensive display of demand response
Through the multimedia technology, the working development condition of demand response is displayed in all directions and multiple dimensions, such as: the load curve difference caused by the implementation of the demand response is displayed through statistical methods such as the same ratio, the ring ratio and the like; displaying a visual demand response implementation result through comparison and display of a base line and a real-time load curve; and classifying the users according to the load curve characteristics by using a fuzzy classification algorithm, and displaying classification results.
8) Knowledge base management
Knowledge base management realizes comprehensive management of knowledge collection, knowledge classification, knowledge maintenance, knowledge retrieval and knowledge browsing of demand response policy regulations, standard specifications/files, training teaching materials and typical experiences, so as to realize quick search and viewing of demand response related knowledge.
And step 3, summarizing the bottom data sources of the comprehensive information platform, and constructing a multi-source heterogeneous data fusion model.
(1) Data source
The data sources of the demand side management are wide, and three types of main sources are that is, the system itself, the load side user information and other influencing factors, the system itself data are generally contained in the system, can be directly obtained from the power enterprises, and the load side data mainly comprise the user side and the sales side, so that the interaction with the user is required. Other field data mainly includes some relevant data which can affect load change, including real-time weather forecast data, policy change of government regulatory authorities and the like, and the information can be obtained by data sharing across industries.
TABLE 1 data Source Classification Table
(2) Data acquisition layer design
1) Data access
Defining access to multi-source heterogeneous data in terms of access data, data extraction scheme and extraction frequency, as shown in Table 2
Table 2 multiple source heterogeneous data access mode
2) Data cleansing
Data cleansing is to cleanse invalid, redundant, defective data among all the data obtained. The initial data accessed mainly contains several types of bad data.
TABLE 3 bad data classification
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For the bad data in the above table, the data cleaning method is as follows:
(1) data loss
And when the data is missing, cleaning the data by using an alternative method or a smoothing method.
The substitution method comprises the following steps: when the load data is in a defect, the data at a point before or after the current day can be used for replacing, and the load data at the same moment can also be used for replacing the similar day (the working day is selected as the working day of the last week and the weekend is selected as the weekend of the last week); when the electric quantity data is abnormal, the previous day data or the similar day electric quantity data of the previous week can be used for replacing.
Smoothing method: when the load data is in a defect, the completion of the load curve can be realized by adopting a data smoothing algorithm (such as five-point smoothing, seven-point smoothing and the like) based on the load curve of the current day; when the electric quantity data is in a defect, the data smoothing algorithm can be adopted to realize the completion of the electric quantity data based on the electric quantity curve of the current month.
(2) Data anomalies
When the data is abnormal, the data is cleaned by adopting methods such as data smoothing, data fitting and the like.
Smoothing method: when the load data points are abnormal, the smoothing of the load curve can be realized by adopting a data smoothing algorithm (such as five-point smoothing, seven-point smoothing and the like) based on the current day load curve: when the electric quantity data is abnormal, the data smoothing algorithm can be adopted to realize the smoothing of the electric quantity data based on the line of the electric quantity in the current month.
Fitting method: when the load data (multiple moments) and the electric quantity data (multiple days) are abnormal, a linear regression algorithm, a polynomial fitting algorithm and other algorithms can be adopted to realize the multipoint fitting correction of the data.
(3) Data dyssynchrony
Under the condition that the data are not synchronous, adopting an interpolation method and a forced synchronization method to clean the data.
Interpolation method: since the acquisition frequency of a few terminals is 48 points/day, the 48-point load data needs to be expanded into 96-point load data, and interpolation (for example, the 8:45 data can take the average value of 8:30 and 9:00) can be adopted for data expansion.
Forced synchronization method: temperature data is 10 min/point, whereas load data is 15 min/point, forcing 00: temperature data of 10 vs. 00:15, load data match, 00:30 with 00:30, and the temperature data of 00:40 is matched with 00:45, and so on.
3) Data unification
And unifying the specification and mode of the data, and carrying out data normalization processing, thereby being beneficial to the establishment of a subsequent data warehouse.
(3) Data transport layer design
The design of the data transmission layer mainly solves the safety and the diversity problems existing in the data utilization process. Therefore, unlike the power data acquisition layer, the design object is mainly concentrated on the network side, and comprises two major parts of a power grid and an information network.
When the data transmission layer is designed, two links are surrounded:
1) The data quality monitoring system checks whether the data quality in the data warehouse has problems, and further evaluates the influence degree if the data quality has problems. The method specifically comprises three aspects of checking interface data, a data warehouse and a specified index. The interface data is mainly checked for timeliness and integrity, and the format, the size, the transmission quantity, the recording length, the attribute, the time and the like of the interface file are checked, so that no obvious potential problem on the data quality of the data before warehouse entry is ensured. Meanwhile, the recorded data in the data warehouse is checked regularly, so that a data checking script is continuously perfected, and errors of the data in the storage and calling processes are prevented. In addition, corresponding specified index checking is performed, and specific indexes of the data are checked according to the actual condition of the service, so that the service is ensured to be normally performed.
2) The interactive inspection system of data, namely, the redundancy existing in the collected data is utilized to check the data. The correlation of the data is sometimes reflected in the power system, and the correlation analysis of various monitoring data can be realized by combining partial non-electric data and historical data, wherein the correlation analysis comprises that the weather information, the geographic information, the environmental information and the like around the power transmission line can be used for carrying out correlation verification on electric parameters acquired by the sensor.
And 4, constructing a dimension model of a middle-layer data warehouse of the comprehensive information platform to realize data management.
The data warehouse technology can organize and manage data, and dimension modeling is adopted to model the data warehouse, and the specific flow is as follows:
(1) Determining analysis subject matter
The invention selects four evaluation subjects, namely, an evaluation level, which are respectively: the method comprises the steps of orderly power utilization value of a user, overall orderly power utilization benefit, user demand response value and overall demand response benefit.
(2) Determining data granularity
The data granularity represents the detail degree of detail in the fact table, if the granularity of the fact table is the lowest, a user can drill down to the detail data of the lowest layer once through the data warehouse without accessing the operation type system, and the basic level of the fact table is the lowest level of all corresponding dimensions naturally, so the invention adopts the lowest data granularity.
(3) Determining data dimensions
The determination of the data dimensions requires starting from an analysis topic, different analysis topics involving different dimensions.
The data dimension of the user ordered electricity price value analysis theme is as follows: date dimension, time dimension, region dimension, user dimension, equipment dimension, individual electricity consumption dimension, daily electricity quantity dimension, external influence factor dimension and the like;
The data dimensions of the ordered electricity utilization overall benefit analysis subject are: date dimension, region dimension, user dimension, overall electricity consumption dimension, daily electricity dimension, power generation production condition dimension, system running state dimension, economic factor dimension, ordered electricity utilization scheme dimension, external influence factor dimension and the like;
the data dimensions of the user demand response value analysis subject are: date dimension, time dimension, region dimension, user dimension, equipment dimension, individual electricity consumption dimension, daily electricity quantity dimension, external influence factor dimension and the like;
the data dimensions of the demand response overall benefit analysis subject are: date dimension, region dimension, user dimension, overall electricity consumption dimension, daily electricity dimension, electricity generation production condition dimension, system running state dimension, economic factor dimension, demand response scheme dimension, external influence factor dimension and the like.
The details of the data dimensions are as follows:
1) Date dimension
Date number: the time dimension is specific to the day, different days are numbered, the number in the time table is unique, and a main key of the table can be made for distinguishing different days;
the dimension attributes of the date dimension are: year, quarter, date, whether it is a workday, etc.
2) Time dimension
Time number: the time dimension is specific to the moment, the different moments are numbered, the number in the time table is unique, and a main key of the table can be made for distinguishing different information acquisition points;
Date number: the date of the time point is defined and is set as an external key;
time point: the dimension attribute of the time dimension is only one, namely the instant point.
3) Regional dimension
Region number: the region dimension is to the detailed address of the user, numbering is carried out on different regions, the numbering in the region list is unique, and the list main key can be used for distinguishing different regions;
the dimension attributes of the regional dimension are: provinces, cities, regions, counties, towns, villages, streets, and house numbers.
4) Industry dimension
Industry number: numbering is carried out on various industries existing in the system, the number in an industry table is unique, and a table main key can be used for distinguishing different industries;
the dimension attributes of the industry dimension are: industry name, electricity level, industry category, electricity department; the power utilization level is divided into a primary load, a secondary load and a tertiary load; industry categories are divided into industrial load, commercial load, residential load, agricultural load; the electric power utilization department is classified into government, hospital, school, enterprise, store, general resident and the like.
5) User dimension
User number: numbering all users in the system, wherein the number in a user list is unique and can be used as a list main key for distinguishing different users;
Region number: the area of the user is defined and set as an external key;
industry number: the industry of the user is defined and set as an external key;
the dimension attributes of the user dimension are: user name, industry type, voltage class, user attribute, user meter number, etc.: the names and detailed geographic positions of all users in the system, one part of the names and detailed geographic positions can be extracted from the power marketing system, and the missing part of the names and detailed geographic positions can be acquired through investigation and statistics;
6) Device dimension
Device number: numbering typical controllable electric equipment of each user in the system, wherein the number is unique in an electric equipment table and can be used as a main key of the table for distinguishing different electric equipment; the method can be obtained through user declaration and early investigation;
user number: defining a user to which the equipment belongs, and setting the user as an external key;
the dimension attributes of the device dimension are: device name, device type, device capacity, controllable parameters;
the device types include air conditioners, electric automobiles, water heaters, washing machines, energy storage devices, and other interruptible, reducible, transferable devices, and the like.
7) Integral electricity consumption dimension
Overall electricity consumption information number: the method comprises the steps of numbering the whole electricity consumption data, wherein the number in a whole electricity consumption data table is unique and can be used as a main key of the table for distinguishing different whole electricity consumption data; the overall load data at a certain moment or period is a record.
Region number: the area where the whole electricity consumption data belongs is defined and set as an external key;
time number: the time of the whole electricity consumption data is set as an external key;
the dimension attributes of the overall electricity consumption dimension are: real-time load, the real-time active electric quantity of the load at a certain moment, extract from the dispatch system; the overall power quality, voltage, frequency, etc. parameters reflecting the power quality at the load can be extracted from the schedule.
8) Individual electricity consumption dimension
Individual electricity usage information number: numbering the individual electricity consumption information data, wherein the individual electricity consumption information data table is unique in number and can be used as a main key of the table for distinguishing the electricity consumption data of different users; the load data of a user at a certain moment or time is a record.
User number: a main body of the explicit load data is set as an external key;
time number: the time when the individual electricity consumption data occurs is set as an external key;
the dimension attribute of the individual electricity consumption dimension is as follows: real-time load, the real-time active electric quantity of load at a certain moment, draw from the electricity consumption information acquisition system; parameters reflecting the power quality at the load such as individual power quality, voltage, frequency and the like can be extracted from the power consumption information acquisition system;
9) Daily electricity quantity dimension
Daily electricity number: numbering the daily electricity quantity data, wherein the daily electricity quantity data is unique in number and can be used as a main key of the daily electricity quantity meter; daily electricity quantity data of one day in a certain area is recorded.
Region number: the area of the solar electricity data is defined and is set as an external key;
time number: the time of occurrence of the solar electricity data is defined and is set as an external key;
user terminal number: the user terminal to which the specific solar electricity data belongs is set as an external key;
the dimension attribute of the solar electricity dimension is as follows: total daily electricity, peak daily electricity, valley daily electricity, and average daily electricity.
10 Electricity generation production condition maintenance
Generating production number: numbering the power generation production data, wherein the number is unique in a daily electricity meter and can be used as a main key of the meter; the power generation production data of a certain unit on a certain day in a certain area is recorded.
Unit number: a unit to which the power generation production data belong is defined;
the dimension attributes of the power generation production dimension are: daily peak power generation, daily valley power generation, daily average power generation and adjustable peak capacity.
11 System operation state dimension
System running status number: numbering the running state of the system, wherein the number is unique in a running state table of the system and can be used as a main key of the table; the running state of the system at a certain time of a certain day in a certain area is recorded.
Region number: the area where the running state of the system belongs is defined and is set as an external key;
date number: the date of occurrence of the running state of the system is defined and is set as an external key;
time number: the occurrence time of the system running state is defined and set as an external key;
the dimension attributes of the system running state dimension are: and regulating the generating capacity of the power plant, the generating capacity of new energy, the total electric quantity and supply and demand gaps.
12 Ordered power utilization scheme dimension
Scheme number: numbering the ordered power utilization scheme, wherein the ordered power utilization scheme has unique number and can be used as a main key of the table; one of the ordered power usage patterns is a record.
Execution date number: the execution date of the orderly power utilization scheme is defined and is set as an external key;
region number: the execution area of the orderly power utilization scheme is defined and is set as an external key;
number of participating users: the users who explicitly participate in the orderly power utilization scheme are set as external keys and can be represented by the combination keys of the user main keys of all the participating users;
the dimension attributes of the orderly power utilization scheme dimension are: scheme description, scheme status.
13 A) demand response scheme dimension
Scheme number: numbering the demand response schemes, wherein the number in the demand response scheme table is unique and can be used as a main key of the table; one demand response scheme is a record.
Execution date number: the execution date of the demand response scheme is set as an external key;
region number: the execution area of the explicit demand response scheme is set as an external key;
number of participating users: the users who explicitly participate in the demand response scheme are set as external keys and can be represented by the combined keys of the user main keys of all the participating users;
the dimension attributes of the dimension of the demand response scheme are: scheme description, scheme status.
14 Economic factor dimension
Economic factor number: numbering the economic factors involved in the system, wherein the number in the economic factor table is unique and can be used as a main key of the table; an economic factor at a certain time of day in a certain area is a record.
Region number: the area of the economic factors of the system is defined and is set as an external key;
date number: the date of the economic factor of the system is defined and set as an external key;
time number: the time of the economic factors of the system is defined and set as an external key;
the dimension attributes of the economic factor dimension are: the online electricity price, the electricity selling price, the coal price and the natural gas price.
15 External influence factor dimension
External influencing factor number: numbering various influencing factors outside the system, wherein the number is unique in an external influencing factor table and can be used as a main key of the table for distinguishing different external influencing factors;
Region number: the area of the external influence factor is defined and is set as an external key;
date number: the date of the external influence factor is defined and set as an external key;
time number: the time of the external influence factor is defined and set as an external key;
the dimension attributes of the external influencing factor dimension are: policy factors, weather factors, traffic factors; and (3) quantifying factors, wherein external influence factors influence the demand response behaviors of the user and are obtained through expert scoring, investigation analysis and the like.
(4) Determining facts of a fact table
"facts" are evaluation indexes, and determination facts are construction of evaluation indexes, and determination of evaluation indexes of the present invention according to four analysis subjects of the present invention are shown in tables 4, 5, 6 and 7.
TABLE 4 comprehensive evaluation index system for user ordered electricity price value
Table 5 comprehensive evaluation index system for overall benefit of ordered electricity utilization
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TABLE 6 comprehensive evaluation index system for user demand response value
TABLE 7 comprehensive evaluation index system for overall benefit of demand response
(5) Dimension model
The star model is used for representing the dimension model, is a relation model, and has the advantages of easy understanding, optimized browsing, suitability for inquiry and the like. And (3) linking the fact table and the dimension table, setting a main key and an external key for linking, and finally completing dimension modeling of the data warehouse to obtain a star model as shown in figures 5, 6, 7 and 8.
And 5, analyzing the function of upper layer data analysis of the comprehensive information platform and giving out a corresponding realization path.
The data is effectively managed through the data warehouse, the next step is the application of the upper layer data, reasonable technology and method are selected for data analysis and data mining, the method mainly relates to two technologies, and the main functions of the OLAP include multidimensional query analysis, drill-up/drill-down along dimension layers, simple calculation, statistical analysis, index reconstruction along dimension, interactive analysis and the like. The main function of data mining uses knowledge discovery and prediction to automatically discover new knowledge and unknown knowledge. OLAP and data mining are complementary, OLAP analysis of existing data results in statistical conclusions or detailed conclusions of summary, while data mining is mining of temporarily unknown knowledge hidden in the data that OLAP does not involve.
The application of the OLAP of the invention is mainly represented in the following aspects:
(1) Multidimensional viewing
By setting different constraint conditions in the query statement, the facts of different dimensions in the data warehouse can be queried in real time according to the need, for example, when the index value of a certain area is focused, constraint conditions of regional dimensions can be set, and index values of all items in the region can be found out for statistical analysis; when the index value of a certain area at a certain time is focused, constraint conditions of the time dimension and the region dimension can be set at the same time, and index values of all items in the region are found out for statistical analysis.
(2) Index property analysis
The index characteristic analysis only involves simple comparison, four arithmetic operations and the like, for example, in fact in a data warehouse constructed in the upper section, according to a given formula, index characteristics of a local company level and a provincial company level can be obtained layer by layer along a regional dimension level for reference of investment decision-makers in different levels. Along the hierarchy of the time dimension, daily average load, monthly average daily load, annual average daily load and the like can be obtained layer by layer for reference by investment decision-makers of different levels. The process is shown in fig. 9.
(3) Complex analysis function
For more complex data analysis functions, the analysis by OLAP will require a considerable load and is inefficient for querying summarized programs, so that some analysis functions requiring complex algorithms are implemented by means of data mining techniques.
The data mining application of the project is mainly characterized in the following aspects: load curve analysis, typical daily load curve analysis, clustering algorithms, baseline load analysis, potential assessment, and the like.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Claims (9)
1. A refined demand side management integrated information platform system, comprising:
the fine ordered electricity utilization management framework is used for managing ordered electricity utilization of users;
the refined demand response management framework is used for responding to the electricity demand of the user;
the data support platform is used for integrating and sharing data with the fine ordered electricity utilization management framework and the fine demand response management framework so as to acquire, monitor and record information of the fine ordered electricity utilization management framework and the fine demand response management framework;
the refined orderly power consumption management framework comprises: the system comprises an ordered electricity utilization comprehensive evaluation index system, a decomposition peak-staggering index system, an ordered electricity utilization scheme compiling system, an ordered electricity utilization scheme executing system and an ordered electricity utilization post-execution evaluation system;
The system is used for providing decision support for decomposing peak-staggering indexes and compiling an ordered power utilization scheme and providing basis for evaluation after ordered power utilization execution;
the system comprises a decomposition peak-staggering index system, a sequential power utilization comprehensive evaluation index system and a data support platform, wherein supply and demand gaps determined by a dispatching department according to the power grid load, the power generation output and the grid supply load conditions are decomposed into lower-level areas step by step according to a decomposition principle and a decomposition method;
the system for programming the ordered electricity utilization scheme realizes the electric power and quantity balance according to the basic principles of ordered electricity utilization comprehensive evaluation index system, decomposition peak staggering and avoiding index system, namely peak staggering firstly, peak avoidance secondly, electricity limiting secondly and brake pulling finally;
the system for executing the ordered power utilization scheme is based on the ordered power utilization comprehensive evaluation index system, the system for compiling the ordered power utilization scheme informs users participating in the ordered power utilization, the system is implemented according to the compiled ordered power utilization scheme, and the execution of the ordered scheme is monitored;
the system for evaluating the after-execution of the ordered electricity consumption evaluates the execution condition of a user according to the implementation effect of the system inspection scheme of the ordered electricity consumption comprehensive evaluation index system and the ordered electricity consumption scheme, and provides a basis for the dynamic perfection of the peak-staggering index decomposition algorithm and the improvement of the ordered electricity consumption decision mathematical model;
The refined demand response management framework includes: the system comprises a demand response information collection system, a demand response evaluation index system, a demand response pre-analysis system, a demand response scheme making system, a demand response scheme executing system and a demand response post-execution evaluation system;
the demand response information collection system collects and manages all information involved in the demand response process based on the data support platform, wherein the information comprises energy economy information, user basic information, real-time information, power grid running condition information and demand response contract information;
the demand response evaluation index system is used for establishing an index system as a supporting basis for participating users and regulation modes, and providing a basis for evaluation after demand response execution;
the demand response pre-analysis system performs various pre-analyses including power system supply and demand condition analysis, load prediction, response resource classification, demand response potential analysis and demand response resource library according to a demand response evaluation index system and a demand response information collection system before a demand response scheme is released and a user participates in response;
the demand response scheme making system makes detailed contents including response types, response triggering conditions, response time, response quantity, real-time electricity price, compensation price and demand response scheme contract according to the demand response prior analysis system;
The demand response scheme executing system executes the process monitoring, user system/equipment regulation and control and user power data monitoring including the execution of the demand response scheme and the execution of the demand response scheme according to the demand response scheme making system;
the system evaluates the demand response execution condition of the user after the demand response is finished according to the demand response evaluation index system, the demand response scheme execution system and the demand response scheme making system, and issues compensation according to the execution condition; the method comprises the steps of calculating a baseline load, calculating the actual response quantity of a user, evaluating the response effect, calculating and issuing rewards and punishments and recording demand response events.
2. The refined demand side management integrated information platform system of claim 1, wherein the refined orderly power consumption management framework and the refined demand response management framework are provided with demand side management modes for different power market development stages;
wherein the demand side management mode of the electricity market development stage includes at least one of: market primary stage mode, transition stage mode, market perfection stage mode.
3. The refined demand side management integrated information platform system of claim 2, wherein the refined ordered power usage management framework comprises:
The ordered electricity consumption data demand management system is used for managing load information, user file information, user real-time load data and electric quantity data, user load control request data, weather forecast data, peak-shifting early warning of a user and executing notification short messages;
the ordered electricity utilization basic information management system is used for user basic information management and supply and demand balance information management;
the ordered power utilization scheme management system is used for load gap regulation and control measure management, local load gap regulation and control measure management, zhou Xiu rotation rest plan management, seasonal peak-shifting plan management and ordered power utilization scheme accessory management;
the ordered electricity utilization execution management system is used for ordered electricity utilization execution scheme management and ordered electricity utilization execution monitoring control management;
the ordered electricity utilization information release management system is used for realizing personnel short message notification of ordered electricity utilization starting or releasing through ordered electricity utilization information release management, and notifying personnel including supervising personnel, participating users, company leaders and government related personnel;
the ordered telegraph management system is used for realizing the execution of daily report and seasonal peak-staggering plan execution of monthly report statistics on the ordered electricity utilization of the provincial city by depending on the marketing business application system;
The system comprises an ordered electricity utilization comprehensive display system, a control system and a control system, wherein the ordered electricity utilization comprehensive display system is used for displaying the conditions of all-provinces and all-places ordered electricity utilization work development through a multimedia technology in an all-dimensional and multi-dimensional manner;
the ordered electricity utilization knowledge base management system is used for realizing the comprehensive management of knowledge collection, knowledge classification, knowledge maintenance, knowledge retrieval and knowledge browsing of ordered electricity utilization policy regulations, standard specifications/files, training teaching materials and typical experience so as to realize the search and the check of the relevant knowledge of ordered electricity utilization;
the ordered electricity consumption information data demand management system and the ordered electricity consumption basic information management system acquire information from the data support platform; the ordered electricity utilization scheme management system formulates an ordered electricity utilization scheme according to the ordered electricity utilization comprehensive evaluation index system and the decomposition peak-staggering index system, and the ordered electricity utilization execution management system is used for executing the formulated ordered electricity utilization scheme; and the ordered electricity utilization telegraph management system and the ordered electricity utilization knowledge base management system exchange information with the data support platform.
4. The refined requirements side management integrated information platform system of claim 3, wherein the refined requirements response management framework comprises:
the demand response information data demand management system is used for managing load information, wherein the load information is derived from power supply system data, user file information and power consumption user equipment account data and is derived from a distribution network production system; the user real-time load data, the electric quantity data and the user load control request data are derived from a metering automation system; weather forecast data derived from a weather system; early warning of peak shifting and executing notification short messages for users;
The demand response basic information management system is used for managing basic information of users and supply and demand balance information;
a demand response scheme management system, the demand response scheme management including demand response trigger conditions, price-based demand response scheme management, and incentive-based demand response scheme management;
the demand response execution management system is used for managing a demand response execution scheme and monitoring and managing demand response execution;
the demand response information release management system is used for releasing the related content of the demand response event in advance through the platform and notifying the participating users;
the demand response report management system is used for realizing daily report and monthly report statistics of demand response events by depending on the marketing business application system;
the comprehensive demand response display system is used for displaying the working development condition of demand response in an omnibearing and multidimensional way through a multimedia technology;
the demand response knowledge base management system is used for realizing comprehensive management of demand response policy regulation, standard specification/file, knowledge collection, knowledge classification, knowledge maintenance, knowledge retrieval and knowledge browsing of training teaching materials and typical experience, so as to realize search and view of demand response related knowledge.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the data support platform comprises a bottom layer data source and multi-source heterogeneous data fusion model, a dimension model of a middle layer data warehouse, and an upper layer data analysis system;
the dimension model of the middle-layer data warehouse is used for realizing data management, and the upper-layer data analysis system is used for giving out corresponding realization paths.
6. The refined requirements side management integrated information platform system of claim 5, wherein the step of summarizing the underlying data sources is: dividing the data sources into three types of systems, load side user information and other influencing factors, and recording related departments and representative data contained in the three types of data sources in detail;
the construction steps of the multi-source heterogeneous data fusion model are as follows: constructing a multi-source heterogeneous data fusion model from a data acquisition layer and a data transmission layer, and focusing on the construction of the data acquisition layer;
the construction steps of the data acquisition layer comprise:
and (3) data access: defining access of multi-source heterogeneous data from the aspects of access data, data extraction modes and extraction frequencies, wherein the access data defining each data source, the extraction modes and the extraction frequencies of each access data;
Data cleaning: cleaning invalid, redundant and defective data in all obtained data; the bad data comprises data missing, data abnormality and data asynchronous, wherein the data is cleaned by using an alternative method or a smoothing method when the data is missing, the data is cleaned by using a data smoothing and data fitting method when the data is abnormal, and the data is cleaned by using an interpolation method and a forced synchronization method when the data is asynchronous;
and (3) unifying data: unifying the specification and mode of the data, and carrying out data normalization processing.
7. The fine-line demand side management integrated information platform system according to claim 6, wherein the constructing step of the data transmission layer comprises:
and constructing a data transmission layer around two links of the data quality monitoring system and the data interactive inspection system by taking a network end as an object, wherein the network end comprises a power grid and an information network.
8. The refined demand side management integrated information platform system of claim 2 or 7, wherein the modeling step of the dimension model comprises:
determining an analysis topic, the analysis topic comprising: the method comprises the steps of orderly power utilization value of a user, overall orderly power utilization benefit, user demand response value and overall demand response benefit;
Determining data granularity, wherein the data granularity represents the detail degree of the detail in the fact table;
determining a data dimension, and starting from analysis topics, determining the data dimension, wherein different analysis topics relate to different dimensions; the data dimension of the user ordered electricity price analysis theme comprises: date dimension, time dimension, region dimension, user dimension, equipment dimension, individual electricity consumption dimension, daily electricity quantity dimension and external influence factor dimension;
the data dimension of the ordered electricity utilization overall benefit analysis subject includes: date dimension, regional dimension, user dimension, overall electricity consumption dimension, daily electricity dimension, power generation production condition dimension, system running state dimension, economic factor dimension, ordered electricity utilization scheme dimension and external influence factor dimension;
the data dimensions of the user demand response value analysis topic include: date dimension, time dimension, region dimension, user dimension, equipment dimension, individual electricity consumption dimension, daily electricity quantity dimension and external influence factor dimension;
the data dimensions of the demand response overall benefit analysis topic include: date dimension, region dimension, user dimension, overall electricity consumption dimension, daily electricity dimension, power generation production condition dimension, system running state dimension, economic factor dimension, demand response scheme dimension and external influence factor dimension;
Determining the construction of evaluation indexes of the fact table, and determining the evaluation indexes according to the analysis subject;
the evaluation indexes of the comprehensive evaluation of the user ordered electricity price value comprise: the method comprises the steps of generating electricity consumption, tax of unit electricity consumption, income rate of electricity fee, electricity purchasing rate, proportion of electricity saving equipment, illegal electricity consumption behavior, actual paying rate in the present period, accumulated paying rate, ordered electricity utilization matching degree, user satisfaction, electricity purchasing rate, proportion increasing rate of electricity saving equipment, electricity price increasing rate, network loss rate, typical load form similarity, heat preservation load proportion, network voltage distribution positive effect and user willingness level;
the evaluation indexes of the comprehensive evaluation of the integral benefit of the orderly power utilization comprise: the peak charge capacity cost, the coal consumption, the electric charge loss of an electric company, the investment cost of a power grid, the improvement of the load rate of the power grid, the electric operation and maintenance cost, the increased management cost of users, the compensation of the users for participating in orderly power utilization, the power utilization price value of the affected users, the reduced carbon dioxide emission and the reduced sulfur dioxide emission can be avoided;
the evaluation indexes of the comprehensive evaluation of the user demand response value comprise: load characteristics, load importance, unit output value electricity consumption, electricity purchasing quantity ratio, equipment proportion capable of responding, default times, paying rate, accumulated paying rate, response coordination degree, response quantity, response speed, response flexibility, response times, response willingness degree, typical load similarity, synchronous rate, equipment energy efficiency index, equipment energy efficiency improvement potential, new energy index and electric energy substitution potential;
The evaluation indexes of the comprehensive evaluation of the overall benefit of the demand response comprise: the peak load capacity cost can be avoided, the power generation fuel cost can be avoided, the unit start-stop cost can be avoided, the power supply construction cost can be avoided, the power grid investment cost can be avoided, the system operation and maintenance cost can be avoided, the system load rate, the electric charge loss of an electric company, the system transformation cost, the demand response excitation cost can be increased, the subsidy or income can be obtained, the electricity price value of an affected user, the equipment investment cost, the carbon dioxide emission reduction amount, the sulfur dioxide emission reduction amount, the nitrogen oxide emission reduction amount, the emission reduction amount of other pollutants can be increased, the system energy efficiency can be improved, and the renewable energy growth rate can be increased;
the method comprises the steps of adopting a star model to represent a dimension model, connecting a fact table with the dimension table, setting a main key and an external key for connection, and finally completing dimension modeling of a data warehouse, wherein the dimension modeling comprises a user ordered electricity utilization value star model diagram, an ordered electricity utilization overall benefit star model, a user demand response value star model and a demand response overall benefit star model;
the upper layer data analysis system comprises an online analysis processing system and a data mining system;
the analysis processing steps of the online analysis processing system comprise:
Multidimensional checking, namely, instantly inquiring facts of different dimensions in a data warehouse according to requirements by setting different constraint conditions in an inquiry statement;
the index characteristic analysis only involves simple comparison and four arithmetic operations, and according to a given formula, index characteristics of a city company level and a province company level are obtained layer by layer along the hierarchy of a regional dimension for reference of investment decision-makers of different levels; obtaining daily average load, monthly average daily load and annual average daily load layer by layer along the hierarchy of the time dimension for reference of investment decision-makers of different levels;
the analysis surface of the data mining system comprises:
load curve analysis, typical daily load curve analysis, clustering algorithm, baseline load analysis and potential evaluation;
the load curve analysis comprises a daily load curve, a Zhou Fuhe curve, a monthly load curve and a annual continuous load curve; the daily load curve is described according to the curve of the change of the power load along with time within 24 hours a day, and the load data in the data support platform is utilized to draw a required load curve of each day; the annual load curve is drawn according to the time sequence of the maximum load of each month, and reflects the change condition of the maximum load of each month in the year; the annual continuous load curve is formed by sequentially arranging and drawing according to the magnitude of the load value of the power system and the continuous hours thereof in one year, and reflects the duration of various power load levels in one year;
The typical daily load curve analysis is carried out by selecting a daily load curve with the daily load rate closest to the average daily load rate of the month and without abnormal distortion of the load curve as a typical daily load curve of the month;
the method comprises the steps of analyzing a base line load, firstly, obtaining k types of typical loads of a user through a characteristic clustering algorithm, then restoring the base line through a matching method, matching a daily method, and selecting a typical load with the smallest load variance of a non-response time period of a response day from a clustering result of n days of historical loads before the event day as the base line load;
the potential evaluation is calculated through an orderly power utilization comprehensive evaluation index system and a demand response evaluation index system.
9. A method of fine demand side management performed based on the fine demand side management integrated information platform system of any one of claims 1-8, comprising the steps of:
establishing a refined ordered electricity management framework for managing ordered electricity utilization of users;
establishing a refined demand response management framework for responding to the electricity demand of a user;
establishing a data supporting platform for integrating and sharing data with the fine ordered electricity consumption management framework and the fine demand response management framework so as to acquire, monitor and record information of the fine ordered electricity consumption management framework and the fine demand response management framework;
The establishment of the refined orderly power utilization management framework is divided into:
establishing an orderly comprehensive power utilization evaluation index system;
decomposing peak-staggering indexes;
an orderly power utilization scheme is compiled;
executing an orderly power utilization scheme;
performing ordered power utilization post-execution evaluation;
the establishment of the refined demand response management framework is divided into:
collecting demand response information;
establishing a demand response evaluation index;
analyzing the demand response in advance;
formulating a demand response scheme;
executing a demand response scheme;
the demand response is evaluated after execution.
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