CN113820093B - Instantaneous water distribution measuring device - Google Patents
Instantaneous water distribution measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113820093B CN113820093B CN202111079185.6A CN202111079185A CN113820093B CN 113820093 B CN113820093 B CN 113820093B CN 202111079185 A CN202111079185 A CN 202111079185A CN 113820093 B CN113820093 B CN 113820093B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
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Abstract
The invention discloses an instantaneous water distribution measuring device, which comprises a platform (1), wherein the platform (1) is connected with a plurality of water containing boxes (101), and is characterized in that: the platform (1) is connected with a deflecting mechanism; the water receiving box (101) is connected with the lifting mechanism and the starting mechanism; the deflecting mechanism is used for adjusting the gradient of the platform (1) to simulate the gradient of the terrain; the lifting mechanism is used for adjusting the height of the water containing box (101) from the platform (1); adjusting different height distributions of the water containing boxes (101) on the platform (1) for simulating a flat ground, a mountain, a building group or a tree group; the starting mechanism is used for starting the water containing box (101) to perform instantaneous water collection so as to measure instantaneous water distribution; the problem of current water distribution measuring device based on high altitude is thrown water because the field environment that its simulation is not conform with reality and so the measuring result is distorted is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water distribution measuring device.
Background
For forest fires, the high-altitude water throwing of the helicopter can effectively reduce the intensity and the development speed of forest fires and is beneficial to matching ground personnel to approach a live wire for beating, but the water taking point of the helicopter is often far away from a fire scene, and the time of one round trip is long, so that the accurate water throwing of a fire head, a live wire and the like has important influence on the operation efficiency and the fire extinguishing effect, and the purpose that enough water is distributed at the fire head, the live wire and the like to the maximum extent is ensured to be the most important.
The water falling from high altitude has larger kinetic energy, and the touchdown and the splash are the actions which are inevitably generated after the water falls to the ground. The forest topography is changeable, and the splash effect has great influence on the fire extinguishing effect in addition to the existence of combustible substances such as trees, branches and leaves. FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing that a water body splashes around in a planar state, and for a small-area fire or a forest fire with a slow spreading speed, the water body is directly thrown into a fire scene; for forest fire with high spreading speed, the optimal fire extinguishing strategy is to control the spread of fire, and fire heads, fire wires and tree crown fire should be extinguished firstly. FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of fire extinguishing of a slope crown fire, in which it can be seen that the water at point A of the crown top splashes upon contact and cannot reach below the crown; the fire under the crown can realize fire extinguishing by means of water body splashing. Therefore, different projection angles and different landforms of high-altitude water throwing can influence the water body splashing direction and the fire extinguishing effect of the fire head and the fire wire, so that the research on the water body falling range and the water distribution has important significance for accurate water throwing and fire extinguishing efficiency improvement.
The existing water distribution measuring device designed based on the high-altitude water injection experiment, such as a water injection distribution measuring device and a measuring method (202110643080.2) of a wind tunnel test, is characterized in that a plurality of water collecting units are assembled on a plane, the water collecting units are of a hole-shaped structure, namely, holes are distributed on a horizontal plane, the holes are used for collecting high-altitude water injection, and the water injection distribution range of an aircraft and the water injection distribution in the ranges can be obtained by measuring the water injection amount of each water collecting unit. However, the device cannot simulate the actual field environment, on one hand, the influence of different landforms and landforms on water distribution cannot be reflected, on the other hand, a series of splashing actions of a water body touching the ground or an obstacle after actual high-altitude water throwing cannot be truly reflected, but the water body is directly thrown into a plurality of water collecting units (holes), so that the measurement result is distorted.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present disclosure provides an instantaneous water distribution measuring device, which solves the problem of distorted measurement results due to the fact that the simulated field environment of the existing water distribution measuring device based on high-altitude water injection does not conform to the actual environment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the instantaneous water distribution measuring device comprises a platform, wherein the platform is connected with a plurality of water containing boxes, and the device is characterized in that:
the platform is connected with a deflecting mechanism;
the water containing box is connected with the lifting mechanism and the starting mechanism;
the deflecting mechanism is used for adjusting the gradient of the platform to simulate the gradient of the terrain;
the lifting mechanism is used for adjusting the height of the water containing box from the platform;
adjusting different height distribution of the water containing box on the platform, and using the water containing box to simulate and level ground, mountain, building group or tree group;
the starting mechanism is used for starting the water containing box to perform instantaneous water collection so as to measure instantaneous water distribution.
Further, the activation mechanism includes:
a sealing plate and an air bag;
the air bag is arranged in the water containing box;
the air bag is inflated and used for supporting the sealing plate to enable the sealing plate to be positioned on the same plane with the upper surface of the water containing box and blocking the upper port of the water containing box so as to prevent the water from entering the water containing box;
the air bag is in an instant deflation state and is used for driving the sealing plate to instantly fall so as to open the upper port, so that the water receiving box carries out instant water collection.
Further, a pipeline at the bottom of the water containing box is connected with a metering device;
the metering device is used for measuring the water collecting amount of the water receiving box;
and/or the presence of a gas in the interior of the container,
a groove structure is arranged at the joint of the sealing plate and the water containing box;
the groove structure is used for guiding the water collected by the water containing box into the metering device.
Further, the lifting mechanism is a hydraulic lifting mechanism;
the hydraulic lifting mechanism comprises a hydraulic rod and a hydraulic cylinder;
the hydraulic cylinder applies driving force to the hydraulic rod to drive the water containing box to adjust the height.
Further, the hydraulic rod and the hydraulic cylinder are arranged in the shell;
the water containing box, the shell, the hydraulic rod and the hydraulic cylinder form a lifting unit block;
the lifting unit block is connected to the platform.
Furthermore, all the lifting unit blocks are mutually connected into an integrated square;
the platform is provided with a square hole;
the integrated square block is connected with the square hole;
when all the water containing boxes fall to the lowest point, the water containing boxes and the platform are in the same plane to simulate flat ground.
Furthermore, the lower surface of the square hole is connected with the box body;
the box body is used for surrounding the integrated square blocks;
an outlet is formed in the bottom of the box body;
the outlet is used for guiding all the collected water in the water containing box into the metering device respectively;
and/or the presence of a gas in the interior of the container,
the metering device is a measuring cylinder.
Further, the inner wall of the box body is coated with a hydrophobic coating;
the hydrophobic coating is used for avoiding water residue in the box body.
Furthermore, each hydraulic cylinder is connected with an oil tank pipeline;
the oil tank conveys hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder by using an oil pump to establish a hydraulic oil path;
and/or the presence of a gas in the interior of the container,
each air bag pipeline is connected with an air pump;
the air pump is used for controlling the inflation and deflation of the air bag.
Further, the platform is connected with a support leg;
the whipstock mechanism comprises a hinge;
the supporting legs are connected with the platform through the hinges;
the connection angle of the hinge and the supporting leg corresponds to the gradient of the platform.
The present disclosure has the following beneficial effects:
on one hand, the instantaneous water distribution measuring device disclosed by the invention utilizes the instantaneous air relief of the air bag to enable the water containing box to collect water instantaneously, so that the purpose that the instantaneous water distribution measuring device disclosed by the invention can measure the instantaneous water distribution is realized; on the other hand, the lifting mechanism is utilized to adjust the height distribution of the water containing box from the platform so as to simulate the level ground, mountain bodies, building groups or tree groups, and the deflecting mechanism is utilized to adjust the gradient of the platform so as to simulate the gradient of the terrain, so that the problem that the simulated field environment of the existing water distribution measuring device based on high-altitude water throwing is not in accordance with the actual field environment, so that the measuring result is distorted is solved.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an instantaneous water distribution measuring device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a lifting unit block of the embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3A is a mountain view simulated by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3B is a planar tree group simulated by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3C is a sloping field tree population simulated by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a water containing box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a bladder according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram of a hush plate configuration according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 6B is a schematic structural view of an upper end surface of the water containing box according to the embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a housing of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated package of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a support ring of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a through pipe of an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 11 is a through tube connection diagram of an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 12 is a block region diagram of an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of a planar body of water splash in the context of the present disclosure;
fig. 14 is a schematic illustration of slopping water in the context of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The present disclosure is described below based on examples, but it is worth explaining that the present disclosure is not limited to these examples. In the following detailed description of the present disclosure, some specific details are set forth in detail. However, the present disclosure may be fully understood by those skilled in the art for those parts not described in detail.
Furthermore, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the drawings are provided solely for the purposes, features, and advantages of the present disclosure, and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Also, unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words "comprise", "comprising", and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is, it is meant by "including but not limited to".
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an instantaneous water distribution measuring device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a lifting unit block according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; as shown in fig. 1 and 2: the instantaneous water distribution measuring device comprises a platform 1, wherein the platform 1 is connected with an integrated block, the integrated block is composed of a plurality of lifting unit blocks 10, each lifting unit block 10 comprises a water containing box 101, the platform 1 is respectively connected with a deflecting mechanism, and the water containing boxes 101 are connected with a lifting mechanism and a starting mechanism; wherein the whipstock mechanism is used for adjusting the gradient of the platform 1 to simulate the gradient of the terrain; the lifting mechanism is used for adjusting the height of the water receiving box 101 from the platform 1, and the flat ground, mountain bodies, building groups or tree groups can be simulated by adjusting the different height distribution of the water receiving box 101 on the platform 1; the starting mechanism is used for starting the water containing box 101 to perform instantaneous water collection so as to measure instantaneous water distribution.
Fig. 3A to 3C illustrate several field environments that can be simulated by the deflection mechanism and the lifting mechanism, and therefore, the instantaneous water distribution measuring device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can effectively solve the problem that the simulated field environment of the existing water distribution measuring device based on high-altitude water injection is not in accordance with the actual environment, so that the measurement result is distorted.
In addition, the starting mechanism can realize instantaneous water quantity measurement for detailed description, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting unit block according to an embodiment of the disclosure; FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a water containing box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an airbag according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram of a hush plate configuration according to an embodiment of the disclosure; as can be seen from the above drawings, the starting mechanism includes a sealing plate 11 and an air bag 12, the air bag 12 is disposed in the water containing box 101, and when the air bag 12 is inflated, the sealing plate 11 can be supported to be in the same plane with the upper surface of the water containing box 101 and block the upper port of the water containing box 101, so as to prevent the water from entering the water containing box 101; if the air bag 12 is in the instant deflation state, the sealing plate 11 can be driven to fall instantly to open the upper port of the water containing box 101, and at the moment, the high-altitude water throwing above the water containing box 101 can be collected instantly, so that the purpose of measuring the instant water distribution is achieved.
In fig. 1, a pipeline at the bottom of the water receiving box 101 is connected with a metering device, and the water collecting amount of the water receiving box 101 is measured by the metering device. The metering device may be a measuring cylinder 8, but may of course be other forms of metering apparatus.
FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram of a hush plate configuration according to an embodiment of the disclosure; fig. 6B is a schematic structural view of an upper end surface of the water containing box according to the embodiment of the present disclosure; with the above drawings, the sealing plate 11 is provided with a groove structure a/B at the joint with the water containing box 101, and the corresponding part of the water containing box 101 is provided with a protrusion structure a/B, the protrusion structure a/B of the water containing box 101 and the groove structure a/B of the sealing plate 11 cooperate to form a cover plate, and the upper port of the water containing box 101 is sealed, so as to prevent the water containing box 101 from entering water when the instantaneous water amount measurement is not performed. When the air bag 12 is deflated instantly and the sealing plate 11 falls instantly, the connection between the groove structure of the sealing plate 11 and the protruding structure of the water containing box 101 is not established any more, and the falling water above the sealing plate 11 can enter the water containing box 101 through the groove structure, so as to achieve the purpose of collecting water instantly. The lower part of the water containing box 101 is connected with a pipeline, a water outlet valve 16 is arranged on the pipeline, the water outlet valve 16 is opened, and the collected water in the water containing box 101 is led into the measuring cylinder 8.
In order to ensure that all the water in the water containing box flows into the measuring cylinder, the bottom of the water containing box is preferably an inclined bottom, and the water outlet pipeline is arranged at the bottommost end of the inclined bottom.
In fig. 2, the lifting mechanism of the present embodiment is a hydraulic lifting mechanism, and the hydraulic lifting mechanism includes a hydraulic rod 13 and a hydraulic cylinder 14, and the hydraulic cylinder 14 applies a driving force to the hydraulic rod 13 to drive the water receiving box 101 to perform height adjustment. The hydraulic cylinder 14 is connected with the oil tank 5 through a pipeline; oil tank 5 delivers hydraulic oil to hydraulic cylinder 14 using oil pump 6 to establish a hydraulic oil path; an oil inlet valve 17 is arranged on an oil inlet pipeline between the hydraulic cylinder 14 and the oil tank 5, an oil outlet valve 18 is arranged on an oil outlet pipeline, and an air release valve 19 is arranged on the body of the hydraulic cylinder 14.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a through pipe of an embodiment of the disclosure; FIG. 11 is a through tube connection diagram of an embodiment of the disclosure; all the hydraulic oil paths are connected to the through pipe one by one and then connected with the oil tank 5 through the through pipe.
In fig. 2, the air bag 12 is connected to the air pump 7 through a pipeline, a safety valve 15 is arranged on the pipeline, and the air pump 7 is used for controlling the inflation and deflation of the air bag 12.
In fig. 1, 2 and 7, the hydraulic rod 13 and the hydraulic cylinder 14 are disposed in the housing 102, the water receiving box 101, the housing 102, the hydraulic rod 13 and the hydraulic cylinder 14 form the elevating unit block 10, and the elevating unit block 10 is connected to the platform 1. FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated package of an embodiment of the present disclosure; all the lifting unit blocks 10 are connected with each other to form an integrated square block, the platform 1 is provided with a square hole, the integrated square block is connected with the square hole, and when all the water containing boxes 101 fall to the lowest point and the platform 1 are in the same plane, the ground leveling can be simulated so as to measure the instantaneous water distribution of the ground leveling terrain.
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a housing of an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a support ring of an embodiment of the present disclosure; the supporting ring corresponds to the square hole of the platform, the inner wall of the supporting ring is provided with a plurality of first plug-in structures, in order to connect the shells 102 to form an integrated block, the shells 102 on all the outermost sides are connected with the first plug-in structures through the second plug-in structures, the shells 102 are assembled into integrated blocks through the plug-in structures, and finally the integrated blocks are connected with the supporting ring through the first plug-in structures and the second plug-in structures.
In fig. 1, the lower surface of the square hole of the platform 1 is connected with a box body 9, the box body 9 surrounds an integrated square block, the bottom of the box body 9 is provided with an outlet, and collected water in a water containing box 101 is respectively guided into a measuring cylinder 8 through the outlet. Preferably, the inner wall of the box body 9 is coated with a hydrophobic coating which can avoid water residue in the box body 9, so that the collected water in each water containing box 101 can completely flow into the measuring cylinder, and the accuracy of the collected water metering is ensured.
In fig. 1, a platform 1 is connected with a supporting leg 4, a deflecting mechanism comprises a hinge 2, the supporting leg 4 is connected with the platform 1 through the hinge 2, and the connection angle of the hinge 2 and the supporting leg 4 corresponds to the gradient of the platform 1.
Specifically, the working process of the instantaneous water quantity respectively measuring device of the present disclosure is explained with reference to the accompanying drawings to further explain the technical scheme and the beneficial effects of the present disclosure:
numbering each water receiving box, determining the landform and the landform of a water throwing test to be simulated, and adjusting the gradient of the platform by adjusting the hinge so as to simulate the gradient of the landform;
the air bag is filled with air, so that the sealing plate 11 is just covered in the upper port of the water containing box, and the water containing box is ensured to be in a closed state.
According to the characteristics of the terrain needing to be simulated, the height needing to be adjusted of each water containing box 101 and the angle needing to be adjusted of the platform are given, the lifting mechanisms of the water containing boxes are firstly adjusted respectively so that the water containing boxes 101 are at the set height, then each lifting unit block 10 is assembled into an integrated block through the inserting structure, the integrated block is continuously connected onto the support ring through the inserting structure, and finally the support ring is installed in a square hole of the platform 1.
In the water throwing experiment process, the water throwing time needing to be measured is selected, the air pump is started to instantly release air in all air bags at the lower parts of all the water containing boxes, after all the sealing plates 11 are instantly descended, the water falling above the platform enters all the water containing boxes 101 from the groove structures at the two sides of each sealing plate 11, and then the water outlet valves 16 of all the water containing boxes 101 are sequentially opened to measure the water quantity.
The water quantity measured by the measuring cylinder 8 is counted into an Excel table, the table data is made into a color block area diagram shown in fig. 12 through matlab software, and the measured experiment result can be visually displayed.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely embodiments for expressing the disclosure, and the description is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the disclosure. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes, substitutions of equivalents, improvements and the like can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these are all within the scope of the disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an instantaneous water distribution measuring device, includes platform (1), a plurality of water boxes (101), its characterized in that are received in platform (1) connection:
the platform (1) is connected with a deflecting mechanism;
the water receiving box (101) is connected with the lifting mechanism and the starting mechanism;
the deflecting mechanism is used for adjusting the gradient of the platform (1) to simulate the gradient of the terrain;
the lifting mechanism is used for adjusting the height of the water containing box (101) from the platform (1);
adjusting different height distributions of the water containing boxes (101) on the platform (1) for simulating a flat ground, a mountain, a building group or a tree group;
the starting mechanism is used for starting the water containing box (101) to collect water instantaneously so as to measure instantaneous water distribution.
2. The instantaneous water distribution measuring device of claim 1, wherein the activation mechanism comprises:
a sealing plate (11) and an airbag (12);
the air bag (12) is arranged in the water containing box (101);
the air bag (12) is inflated and used for supporting the sealing plate (11) to enable the sealing plate and the upper surface of the water containing box (101) to be in the same plane and blocking the upper port of the water containing box (101) so as to prevent the water containing box (101) from entering water;
the air bag (12) is in an instant deflation state and is used for driving the sealing plate (11) to instantly fall to open the upper port, so that the water receiving box (101) instantly collects water.
3. The instantaneous water distribution measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the bottom pipeline of the water containing box (101) is connected with a metering device;
the metering device is used for measuring the water collecting amount of the water containing box (101);
and/or the presence of a gas in the atmosphere,
the sealing plate (11) is provided with a groove structure at the joint with the water containing box (101);
the groove structure is used for guiding the water collected by the water containing box (101) into the metering device.
4. The instantaneous water distribution measuring device of claim 3, wherein:
the lifting mechanism is a hydraulic lifting mechanism;
the hydraulic lifting mechanism comprises a hydraulic rod (13) and a hydraulic cylinder (14);
the hydraulic cylinder (14) applies driving force to the hydraulic rod (13) to drive the water containing box (101) to adjust the height.
5. The instantaneous water distribution measuring device of claim 4, wherein:
the hydraulic rod (13) and the hydraulic cylinder (14) are arranged in a shell (102);
the water containing box (101), the shell (102), the hydraulic rod (13) and the hydraulic cylinder (14) form a lifting unit block (10);
the lifting unit block (10) is connected to the platform (1).
6. The instantaneous water distribution measuring device of claim 5, wherein:
all the lifting unit blocks (10) are mutually connected into an integrated square;
the platform (1) is provided with a square hole;
the integrated square block is connected with the square hole;
when all the water containing boxes (101) fall to the lowest point, the water containing boxes and the platform (1) are in the same plane to simulate flat ground.
7. The instantaneous water distribution measuring device of claim 6, wherein:
the lower surface of the square hole is connected with a box body (9);
the box body (9) is used for surrounding the integrated blocks;
an outlet is arranged at the bottom of the box body (9);
the outlet is used for guiding all the collected water in the water containing box (101) into the metering device respectively;
and/or the presence of a gas in the interior of the container,
the metering device is a measuring cylinder (8).
8. The instantaneous water distribution measuring device of claim 7, wherein:
the inner wall of the box body (9) is coated with a hydrophobic coating;
the hydrophobic coating is used for avoiding water residue in the box body (9).
9. The instantaneous water distribution measuring device of claim 5, wherein:
each hydraulic cylinder (14) is connected with an oil tank (5) through a pipeline;
the oil tank (5) utilizes an oil pump (6) to convey hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder (14) so as to establish a hydraulic oil path;
and/or the presence of a gas in the atmosphere,
each air bag (12) is connected with an air pump (7) through a pipeline;
the air pump (7) is used for controlling the inflation and deflation of the air bag (12).
10. The instantaneous water distribution measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that:
the platform (1) is connected with a support leg (4);
the whipstock mechanism comprises a hinge (2);
the supporting legs (4) are connected with the platform (1) through the hinges (2);
the connection angle of the hinge (2) and the supporting leg (4) corresponds to the gradient of the platform (1).
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