CN113092058A - Water feeding distribution measuring device and measuring method for wind tunnel test - Google Patents
Water feeding distribution measuring device and measuring method for wind tunnel test Download PDFInfo
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- CN113092058A CN113092058A CN202110643080.2A CN202110643080A CN113092058A CN 113092058 A CN113092058 A CN 113092058A CN 202110643080 A CN202110643080 A CN 202110643080A CN 113092058 A CN113092058 A CN 113092058A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 305
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000036544 posture Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
- G01M9/065—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing dealing with flow
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- Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of wind tunnel tests and provides a water throwing distribution measuring device and a measuring method for a wind tunnel test, wherein the measuring device comprises a water collecting component and a measuring component; the water collecting assembly comprises a supporting piece, a water collecting piece, a water guide piece and a bracket; the water collecting piece is fixedly arranged in the supporting piece and comprises a plurality of water collecting units, and the plurality of water collecting units are tightly connected in pairs to form a grid structure; the number of the water guide pieces is the same as that of the water collecting units, one end of each water guide piece is communicated with the water collecting units, and the other end of each water guide piece is fixed on the support; the measuring assembly is used for measuring the water collected in the water collecting unit; the invention can obtain the distribution of the water throwing range and the distribution of the water throwing amount when the aircrafts are at different postures, speeds and different heights from a fire extinguishing target in the process of fire extinguishing and water throwing of the aircrafts, and provides guarantee for improving fire extinguishing by subsequently adopting the aircraft for water throwing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind tunnel tests, in particular to a water feeding distribution measuring device and a water feeding distribution measuring method for a wind tunnel test.
Background
In recent years, in the case of natural factors such as global warming, earthquakes, lightning, etc., fires are likely to occur, and serious consequences are brought about, and once a fire breaks out in a forest, the fire rapidly spreads and road conditions are poor, in which case, rescue of a firefighter is hindered, and it is difficult to control the magnitude of the fire in a short time.
At present, the rescue method commonly adopted for the fire in the forest is to adopt an aircraft (a helicopter or an airplane) capable of flying above the forest, the aircraft draws water from places with water, such as rivers, lakes, seas, reservoirs and the like near the forest where the fire occurs, or the aircraft directly flies to the places where the forest fires after knowing the fire information and carries a large amount of water and fire extinguishing agents to carry out precipitation and fire extinguishing in the air, and the aircraft cooperates with a firefighter on the ground to control the spread of the fire, so that the huge loss caused by the fire is reduced.
In the process of airborne precipitation of an aircraft, water is easily influenced by a plurality of factors, such as the attitude (pitch angle and sideslip angle) and speed of the aircraft, the gravity of the water, the shape and size of the precipitation and the height from the ground of a fire point, the effect of the precipitation is relatively complex due to the factors, and the influence of the precipitation on the reduction of the fire is not easy to know. Therefore, the effect of the above factors on the water injection of the aircraft is urgently needed to be researched, and the fire extinguishing efficiency is further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water injection distribution measuring device for a wind tunnel test, which is used for solving the problems in the prior art and comprises a water collecting component and a measuring component;
the water collecting assembly comprises a supporting piece, a water collecting piece, a water guide piece and a bracket; the water collecting piece is fixedly arranged in the supporting piece; the water collecting piece comprises a plurality of water collecting units, and the plurality of water collecting units are connected in a pairwise and tight manner to form a grid structure;
the number of the water guide pieces is the same as that of the water collecting units, one end of each water guide piece is communicated with the water collecting units, and the other end of each water guide piece is fixed on the support;
the measuring assembly is used for measuring the water collected in the water collecting unit.
Further, the structures of a plurality of the water collecting units are completely the same.
Furthermore, the water collecting piece further comprises a plurality of water outlet units, and one ends of the water outlet units are connected with one ends of the water collecting units in a sealing mode.
Furthermore, one end of the water outlet unit, which is far away from the water collecting unit, is connected with the water guide member in a sealing and detachable manner.
Further, the water collecting unit is in a square hole type or a honeycomb type.
Further, still include the receiver, the one end of receiver with the piece below of catchmenting is connected, the receiver is the cavity setting, and its cross section is symmetrical wing section, the water guide passes the receiver.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a support, one end of the support is fixedly connected below the support, and the height of the support is adjustable.
Further, the support comprises a supporting plate and a base, one end of the supporting plate is fixedly installed on the base, and supporting grooves are formed in two side faces of the other end of the supporting plate.
Further, the supporting groove is U-shaped.
The invention also provides a measuring method for the water injection distribution of the wind tunnel test, which comprises the measuring device of the embodiment, and the measuring method comprises the following steps:
step S1: arranging the measuring device of the embodiment in a wind tunnel;
step S2: presetting the attitude (pitch angle and sideslip angle) of an aircraft, the air flow speed of a test section and the height of a water collecting assembly in a wind tunnel test;
step S3: the aircraft throws water above the water collecting component, and the water collecting component collects the thrown water;
step S4: the water collected by each water collecting unit in the water collecting assembly is guided out through the water guide piece communicated with the water collecting assembly, the guided water is measured by the measuring assembly, and the water delivery distribution range and the water delivery quantity distribution of the aircraft are judged according to the measuring result.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) in the prior art, an aircraft (a helicopter or an airplane) is adopted for water injection and fire extinguishment, but the water injection process is easily influenced by a plurality of factors such as the attitude (pitch angle and sideslip angle) and the speed of the aircraft, the gravity of water, the shape and the size of precipitation, the height from the ground of a fire point and the like, and the influence of the water injection of the aircraft on the fire extinguishment effect cannot be obtained at the moment.
(2) The water throwing distribution measuring device comprises a water collecting component and a measuring component, wherein the water collecting component comprises water collecting pieces, every two of the water collecting pieces are tightly connected by a water collecting unit to form a grid shape, the grid-shaped water collecting pieces are arranged below an aircraft, when the aircraft throws water, the water collecting pieces collect the water at the moment, the measuring component measures the water throwing amount of each water collecting unit, and the distribution range of the water throwing of the aircraft and the distribution of the water throwing amount in the ranges can be obtained.
(3) The invention can set different test conditions when testing in the wind tunnel, such as keeping the height of the water collecting component from the aircraft unchanged, setting different postures (pitch angle and sideslip angle) of the aircraft and different test section air flow velocities, collecting the water throwing distribution of the aircraft in the water collecting component at the moment, obtaining the water throwing distribution range and the water throwing amount distribution of the aircraft at different postures and speeds, and further knowing the influence of the postures and speeds of the aircraft on the fire extinguishing effect during water throwing. The height of the water collecting assembly from the aircraft is changed, and the influence of the aircraft on the fire extinguishing effect during water throwing can be obtained by continuously carrying out the water throwing test according to the method when the aircraft is at different heights from the fire extinguishing target.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention or in the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a water distribution measuring apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a water collecting member in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a stent in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a water feeding distribution measuring method in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
10-water collection component, 11-supporting component, 12-water collection component, 121-water collection unit, 122-water outlet unit, 13-water guide component, 14-bracket, 141-supporting plate, 1411-supporting groove, 142-base, 15-receiving component, 16-support and 20-measuring component.
Detailed Description
The following description provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different features of the invention. The particular examples set forth below are illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting.
Example 1:
embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a water injection distribution measuring apparatus for a wind tunnel test, as shown in fig. 1, including a water collecting assembly 10 and a measuring assembly 20;
the water collecting assembly 10 comprises a supporting member 11, a water collecting member 12, a water guide member 13 and a bracket 14;
the water collecting piece 12 is fixedly installed in the supporting piece 11, the water collecting piece 12 comprises a plurality of water collecting units 121, and the plurality of water collecting units 121 are tightly connected in pairs to form a grid structure;
the number of the water guiding pieces 13 is the same as that of the water collecting units 121, one end of each water guiding piece 13 is communicated with the water collecting units 121, and the other end of each water guiding piece 13 is fixed on the support 14;
the measuring unit 20 is used to measure the water collected in the water collecting unit 121.
Further, the plurality of water collecting units 121 have the same structure.
In the above scheme, the middle position of the support member 11 is provided with a groove, the water collecting member 12 is installed in the groove, the shape of the water collecting member 12 is adapted to the shape of the groove, and the purpose of the arrangement is that the water collecting member 12 and the groove can be better in sealing connection.
In this embodiment, the water collecting member 12 is formed by a plurality of square thin plates, each thin plate is provided with a groove at equal intervals, the plurality of thin plates are arranged horizontally and vertically, and are clamped by the grooves to form a grid shape, and besides, the water collecting member 12 can also be formed by bonding different thin plates; or a plurality of small grids are connected to form a grid shape, the water collecting piece 12 is arranged into the grid shape, so that the distribution of water thrown by the aircraft can be well measured, and the measurement accuracy is high; the height of the grid formed by the water collecting piece 12 is kept on the same horizontal plane with the upper surface of the supporting piece 11; the water collecting part 12 is provided with a plurality of water collecting units 121, each water collecting unit 121 is provided with a corresponding unique number, the numbers on the water guide part 13 communicated with the water collecting part 12 correspond to one another, and the measuring components respectively measure the water quantity derived from each number.
The water guide piece 13 is a pipe, so that before the wind tunnel test, no water is accumulated in the pipe, and two ends of the pipe are open, so that the air in the water guide piece 13 can be rapidly discharged through a port of the water guide piece 13 when the water collected by the water collection piece 12 enters the water collection unit 121 in the subsequent test, and the error generated in the measurement process is avoided. One end of the water guide piece 13 is communicated with the lower end of the water collecting unit 121, so that water collected by the water collecting unit 121 is quickly led out, and the phenomenon that the amount of water collected by one or more water collecting units 121 overflows into the adjacent water collecting units 121, which causes large deviation of a subsequent water distribution measurement result and is not beneficial to the research on the influence of the water distribution on the fire extinguishing effect in the later period is avoided; the other end of the water guide 13 is fixed on the bracket 14, and one end of the water guide 13 on the bracket 14 is a drainage end, the height of which cannot be lower than the upper surface of the water collecting part 12, so that the water collecting unit 121 and the drainage end of the water guide 13 corresponding to the water collecting unit 121 are prevented from overflowing before the water injection test measurement is performed.
The support piece 11 is square, the front end of the support piece is a semi-arc surface, and the rear end of the support piece is a symmetrical wedge, so that the influence on an airflow field is reduced when the wind tunnel is used for testing.
The measuring assembly 20 may be a weighing cylinder and an electronic scale as shown in fig. 1, or may be a measuring cup for directly measuring volume, which is not limited herein. When a weighing cylinder and an electronic scale are adopted, the mass of the collected water is divided by the density of the water, and the corresponding volume of the collected water can be obtained. In contrast, the use of an electronic scale, which is easier to obtain data and more accurate than a measuring cup, is preferred.
In the embodiment, the structures of the water collecting units 121 are set to be identical, so that the probability of each water collecting unit into which water thrown by the aircraft falls is equal, and the accuracy of a water throwing distribution measurement result is improved.
In order to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, when an aircraft is adopted to throw water to extinguish a fire, the water throwing process is easily influenced by a plurality of factors such as the attitude and the speed of the aircraft, the gravity of water, the shape and the size of precipitation, the height from the ground and the like, and the influence of the water throwing distribution on the fire extinguishing effect cannot be calculated at the moment, the embodiment of the invention utilizes a wind tunnel test to measure the water throwing distribution of the aircraft during fire extinguishing, a water collecting piece is arranged below the aircraft and is set to be a grid structure, the water throwing of the aircraft can be well collected through the grid structure, the water throwing at different positions can be collected, a plurality of grids are arranged, the water in each grid is measured, the distribution range of the water throwing of the aircraft at different attitudes and speeds, different heights from the ground of a fire point and the water throwing amount at different positions of the water can be accurately measured, is beneficial to the subsequent research on the influence of water feeding on fire extinguishing.
Further, the water collecting member 12 further includes a plurality of water outlet units 122, and one end of the water outlet unit 122 is connected to one end of the water collecting unit 121 in a sealing manner.
Further, one end of the water outlet unit 122, which is far away from the water collecting unit 121, is detachably connected to the water guide 13 in a sealing manner.
As shown in fig. 2, the lower end of each water collecting unit 121 is provided with a water outlet unit 122, the water outlet units 122 are communicated with each other, the water outlet units 122 are T-shaped, the upper end surfaces of the water outlet units 122 are hermetically connected with the lower end of the water collecting unit 121, and the lower end of the water outlet units are inserted into the water guide 13 for hermetic connection, so that the purpose of the arrangement is to guide out the water collected in the water collecting unit 121 in time, and prevent the measurement result from generating errors due to splashing and overflowing; the T-shaped water outlet unit 122 is integrally formed, or the water outlet unit 122 is provided with two parts which form a T shape, and the two parts can be directly fixedly connected in a welding or bonding way;
the water outlet unit 122 may be provided in a plate shape, and a through hole is provided in the plate, through which the collected water may flow into the water guide 13;
the water outlet unit 122 may be formed in a funnel shape or the like so as to discharge water.
The connection between water collection unit 121 and water outlet unit 122 can be integrated into one piece, the sealing effect is good, and water collected by water collection unit 121 is prevented from entering other adjacent water collection units.
Go out for dismantling between water unit 122 and the water guide 13 and be connected, when any takes place the damage in water guide 13 and the play water unit 122, only need change one can, if do not can dismantle between water guide 13 and the play water unit 122 and be connected, when any takes place the damage, two all need be replaced, should connect and set up convenient follow-up maintenance change, and reduced cost of maintenance.
Further, the water collecting unit 121 is shaped as a square hole or a honeycomb.
The water collecting units 121 may have a square hole type as shown in fig. 1, and may be formed in a honeycomb shape, a triangular shape, or the like, as long as the water collecting units having the shape can be connected by tight seams.
Further, the water guide device further comprises a receiving part 15, one end of the receiving part 15 is connected with the lower portion of the water collecting part 12, the receiving part 15 is arranged in a hollow mode, the cross section of the receiving part 15 is a symmetrical wing shape, and the water guide part 13 penetrates through the receiving part 15.
As shown in fig. 1, the cross section of the storage piece 15 is a symmetrical wing type, the storage piece is hollow, the storage piece is fixed below the middle of the lower surface of the water collecting piece 12 in a large area, the water guide pieces 13 are arranged in the storage piece 15, the device is made to be tidy, shaking does not occur between each water guide piece 13, looseness and water leakage are avoided when the storage piece is connected with the water outlet unit 122, the cross section of the storage piece 15 is arranged to be a symmetrical wing type, wind resistance is reduced, and influences on a wind tunnel test section flow field are reduced.
Further, the device also comprises a support 16, one end of the support 16 is fixedly connected below the support 11, and the height of the support 16 is adjustable.
As shown in fig. 1, the support 16 is connected at one end to the support 11, and the height between the support 11 and the water collector 12 and the aircraft model is achieved by adjusting the height of the support 16 by replacing the supports 16 of different heights or by making the supports 16 telescopic to achieve automatic height adjustment.
Further, the support 14 includes a support plate 141 and a base 142, one end of the support plate 141 is fixedly mounted on the base 142, and two side surfaces of the other end are provided with support grooves 1411.
Further, the support groove 1411 is U-shaped.
As shown in fig. 3, the supporting plate 141 and the base 142 may be fixedly connected by welding or integrally formed, the supporting grooves 1411 are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the supporting plate 141, the supporting grooves 1411 are multiple and may be in a U shape, a V shape, or the like, so as to fix the water guide 13, and when measuring, the water guide 13 is taken out from the bracket 14, and the measuring assembly 20 is used to measure the water in the water guide 13.
Example 2:
the embodiment 2 of the invention also provides a method for measuring the water injection distribution in a wind tunnel test, which comprises the following steps of:
step S1: the measuring device described in example 1 was arranged in a wind tunnel;
step S2: presetting the attitude (pitch angle and sideslip angle) of an aircraft, the air flow speed of a test section and the height of the water collection assembly 10 in a wind tunnel test;
step S3: the aircraft throws water above the water collecting assembly 10, and the water collecting assembly 10 collects the thrown water;
step S4: the water collected by each water collecting unit 121 in the water collecting assembly 10 is led out through the water guide piece 13 communicated with the water collecting unit, the led-out water is measured by the measuring assembly 20, and the water distribution range and the water distribution quantity of the aircraft are judged according to the measuring result.
Different test conditions can be set during testing in a wind tunnel, for example, the height of the water collection assembly 10 from an aircraft is kept unchanged, different postures (pitch angle and sideslip angle) of the aircraft and different air flow velocities of a test section are set, water feeding distribution of the aircraft in the water collection assembly 10 at the moment is collected, a measuring assembly 20 is adopted to measure the water quantity led out by each water collection unit 121 in the water collection assembly 10 through a water guide piece 13, the water feeding distribution range and the water feeding distribution of the aircraft at different postures and speeds can be obtained at the moment, and the influence of different postures and speeds of the aircraft on the fire extinguishing effect of the aircraft during water feeding is further known; the height of the support 16 is adjusted, so that the height between the water collecting component 10 and the aircraft model can be changed, and the influence of different heights of the aircraft from the fire extinguishing target on the fire extinguishing effect during water throwing can be obtained by continuously carrying out the water throwing test according to the method.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A water injection distribution measuring device for a wind tunnel test is characterized by comprising a water collecting component (10) and a measuring component (20);
the water collecting assembly (10) comprises a supporting piece (11), a water collecting piece (12), a water guide piece (13) and a bracket (14);
the water collecting piece (12) is fixedly arranged in the supporting piece (11), the water collecting piece (12) comprises a plurality of water collecting units (121), and the plurality of water collecting units (121) are tightly connected in pairs to form a grid structure;
the number of the water guide pieces (13) is the same as that of the water collecting units (121), one end of each water guide piece (13) is communicated with the water collecting units (121), and the other end of each water guide piece (13) is fixed on the support (14);
the measuring assembly (20) is used for measuring the water collected in the water collecting unit (121).
2. The water injection distribution measuring device for the wind tunnel test according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of water collecting units (121) have the same structure.
3. The water injection distribution measuring device for the wind tunnel test according to claim 2, wherein the water collecting member (12) further comprises a plurality of water outlet units (122), and one end of each water outlet unit (122) is hermetically connected with one end of the water collecting unit (121).
4. The water injection distribution measuring device for the wind tunnel test according to claim 3, wherein one end of the water outlet unit (122) far away from the water collecting unit (121) is detachably connected with the water guide member (13) in a sealing manner.
5. The water injection distribution measuring device for the wind tunnel test according to claim 1, wherein the water collecting unit (121) is shaped as a square hole or a honeycomb.
6. The water injection distribution measuring device for the wind tunnel test according to claim 1, further comprising a receiving member (15), wherein one end of the receiving member (15) is connected with the lower part of the water collecting member (12), the receiving member (15) is hollow, the cross section of the receiving member is a symmetrical wing shape, and the water guide member (13) penetrates through the receiving member (15).
7. The water injection distribution measuring device for the wind tunnel test according to claim 1, further comprising a support (16), wherein one end of the support (16) is fixedly connected below the support (11), and the height of the support (16) is adjustable.
8. The water injection distribution measuring device for the wind tunnel test according to claim 1, wherein the bracket (14) comprises a support plate (141) and a base (142), one end of the support plate (141) is fixedly installed on the base (142), and two side surfaces of the other end are provided with support grooves (1411).
9. The water injection distribution measuring device for the wind tunnel test according to claim 8, wherein the support groove (1411) is U-shaped.
10. A wind tunnel test water injection distribution measuring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: arranging a measuring device according to any of claims 1-9 in a wind tunnel;
step S2: presetting the attitude of an aircraft, the air flow speed of a test section and the height of a water collecting assembly (10) in a wind tunnel test;
step S3: the aircraft throws water above the water collecting assembly (10), and the water collecting assembly (10) collects the thrown water;
step S4: the water collected by each water collecting unit (121) in the water collecting assembly (10) is led out through the water guide piece (13) communicated with the water collecting assembly, the led-out water is measured by the measuring assembly (20), and the water distribution range and the water distribution quantity of the aircraft are judged according to the measuring result.
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| CN202110643080.2A CN113092058A (en) | 2021-06-09 | 2021-06-09 | Water feeding distribution measuring device and measuring method for wind tunnel test |
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| CN202110643080.2A CN113092058A (en) | 2021-06-09 | 2021-06-09 | Water feeding distribution measuring device and measuring method for wind tunnel test |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113984139A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-28 | 东北石油大学 | Method for measuring fire extinguishing water spraying amount of bucket in helicopter fire field and water collector |
| CN114486161A (en) * | 2022-02-07 | 2022-05-13 | 哈尔滨鑫志图宏科技发展有限公司 | Automatic detection equipment for pneumatic fire extinguisher |
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