CN113801719B - Worm gear oil composition and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Worm gear oil composition and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113801719B CN113801719B CN202010548085.2A CN202010548085A CN113801719B CN 113801719 B CN113801719 B CN 113801719B CN 202010548085 A CN202010548085 A CN 202010548085A CN 113801719 B CN113801719 B CN 113801719B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/048—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C37/001—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by modification in a side chain
- C07C37/003—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by modification in a side chain by hydrogenation of an unsaturated part
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C37/11—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms
- C07C37/18—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms by condensation involving halogen atoms of halogenated compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M129/10—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
- C10M2219/022—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
- C10M2219/024—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of esters, e.g. fats
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/047—Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
- C10M2229/041—Siloxanes with specific structure containing aliphatic substituents
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Abstract
The invention provides a worm gear oil composition and a preparation method thereof. The worm and gear oil composition provided by the invention comprises the following components: (a) a phenolic derivative; (b) sulfur-containing extreme pressure antiwear agents; (c) a phosphorus-containing antiwear agent; (d) a friction modifier; (e) an anti-emulsifying agent; (f) an antifoam agent; (g) a major amount of a lubricating base oil; wherein the structure of the phenol derivative is shown as a general formula (I):
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lubricating oil, in particular to a worm gear oil composition.
Background
The American Petroleum Institute (API) of 1948 classified worm gear oils into the classification of transmission lubricants. The research of worm gear oil in China starts from 1977, and the worm gear oil is currently divided into two major types, namely common type (L-CKE) and extreme pressure type (L-CKE/P). The quality index of the common worm gear oil refers to the American MIL-L-15019E specification, and the quality index of the extreme pressure worm gear oil refers to the American MIL-L-18486B (OS) specification.
The worm gear is one of the types of gear transmission, and has the characteristics of small volume, large transmission speed ratio, stable operation, low noise and large output torque of the worm gear, so that the worm gear is widely applied. The worm gear and worm pair is mostly made of bronze, brass worm wheels and steel worm are matched, worm lubrication has a significant effect on worm gear and worm transmission, friction can be reduced, abrasion is reduced, and the transmission efficiency and the service life of the worm gear pair are improved. Therefore, the worm gear oil has good lubricating property, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance, rust resistance, thermal oxidation stability, emulsification resistance and other properties. The worm drive has the advantages that the sliding among tooth surfaces is large, the contact time of the teeth is relatively longer than that of the gear drive, the friction and abrasion conditions are prominent, and the oil product is required to have higher comprehensive performance.
The worm gear oil in the prior art has room for improvement in the aspects of oxidation resistance, extreme pressure wear resistance and the like so as to adapt to the development trend of excellent comprehensive performance of the worm gear oil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a worm gear oil composition and a preparation method thereof.
The worm and gear oil composition provided by the invention comprises the following components: (a) a phenolic derivative; (b) sulfur-containing extreme pressure antiwear agents; (c) a phosphorus-containing antiwear agent; (d) a friction modifier; (e) an anti-emulsifying agent; (f) an antifoam agent; (g) a major amount of a lubricating base oil; wherein the structure of the phenol derivative is shown as a general formula (I):
in the general formula (I), the radical R 1 、R 3 、R 5 Are identical or different from each other and are each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-10 Linear or branched alkyl; group R 2 、R 4 Are identical or different from each other and are each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-30 Straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radicals, C 3-50 Isomerizing a hydrocarbyl group, and the group R 2 、R 4 At least one group of (C) 3-50 Isomerized hydrocarbyl (preferably C 3-30 Isomerized hydrocarbyl, more preferably C 3-20 Isomerized hydrocarbyl).
In the context of the present invention, the straight or branched hydrocarbon group may be a straight or branched alkyl group, a straight or branched alkenyl group containing one or more (e.g., 1 to 5, 1 to 4, 1 to 3, 1 to 2) carbon-carbon double bonds, a straight or branched alkynyl group containing one or more (e.g., 1 to 5, 1 to 4, 1 to 3, 1 to 2) carbon-carbon triple bonds, or a straight or branched hydrocarbon group containing one or more (e.g., 1 to 5, 1 to 4, 1 to 3, 1 to 2) carbon-carbon double bonds and carbon-carbon triple bonds.
In the general formula (I), the radicals R are preferably 1 、R 3 、R 5 Are identical or different from each other and are each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-4 Linear or branched alkyl; group R 2 、R 4 Are identical or different from each other and are each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-20 Straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radicals, C 3-20 Isomerising alkyl groups and the radicals R 2 、R 4 At least one group of (C) 3-20 Isomerizing the alkyl groups.
In the general formula (I), it is further preferred that the radical R 1 、R 3 、R 5 Are identical or different from each other and are each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-4 Straight-chain or branched alkyl, group R 1 、R 5 One group of the two is tertiary butyl, and the other group is hydrogen; group R 2 、R 4 Are identical or different from each other and are each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-20 Straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radicals, C 3-20 Isomerising alkyl groups and the radicals R 2 、R 4 One group of (2) is C 3-20 Isomerizing alkyl groups, the other group being hydrogen.
In the general formula (I), more preferably, the radical R 1 Is tert-butyl, a radical R 3 Is hydrogen, a radical R 5 Is hydrogen; group R 2 Is hydrogen, a radical R 4 Is C 3-20 Isomerising alkyl groups (preferably C) 3-15 Isomerizing alkyl groups).
The process for producing a phenol derivative of the present invention comprises a step of isomerizing a phenol compound represented by the general formula (X),
in the general formula (X), the radical R 1 ”、R 3 ”、R 5 "same as or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-10 Linear or branched alkyl; group R 2 ”、R 4 "same as or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-30 A straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group, a group represented by the general formula (Y), and a group R 2 ”、R 4 At least one group of the "is a group represented by the general formula (Y);
wherein the radicals R 1 "' is selected from single bond, C 1-20 Straight-chain or branched alkylene (preferably selected from single bond and C 1-4 Linear or branched alkylene groups); group R in m repeating units 2 "' are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from a single bond, C 1-20 Straight-chain or branched alkylene groups (preferably each independently selected from single bond, C 1-4 Linear or branched alkylene groups); group R 3 "' is selected from hydrogen, C 1-20 Straight or branched alkyl (preferably selected from hydrogen, C 1-4 Linear or branched alkyl); group R in m repeating units 4 "' are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-20 Straight or branched alkyl (preferably each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-4 Linear or branched alkyl); group R in m repeating units 5 "' are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-20 Straight or branched alkyl (preferably each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-4 Linear or branched alkyl); m is a positive integer (preferably a positive integer between 1 and 10, more preferably a positive integer between 1 and 3).
According to the process for preparing phenolic derivatives of the invention, in the general formula (X), the radical R is preferably 1 ”、R 3 ”、R 5 "same as or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-4 Linear or branched alkyl; group R 2 ”、R 4 "same as or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-20 A straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group, a group represented by the general formula (Y), and a group R 2 ”、R 4 At least one group of the "is a group represented by the general formula (Y).
According toIn the process for producing a phenol derivative of the present invention, in the general formula (X), it is further preferable that the group R 1 ”、R 3 ”、R 5 "same as or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-4 Straight-chain or branched alkyl, group R 1 ”、R 5 "one group is tert-butyl and the other group is hydrogen; group R 2 ”、R 4 "same as or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-20 A straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group, a group represented by the general formula (Y), and a group R 2 ”、R 4 One of the groups is a group represented by the general formula (Y), and the other group is hydrogen.
According to the process for preparing phenolic derivatives of the invention, in the general formula (X), more preferably, the radical R 1 "is tert-butyl, radical R 3 "is hydrogen, a radical R 5 "is hydrogen; group R 2 "is hydrogen, a radical R 4 "is a group represented by the general formula (Y).
According to the method for producing a phenol derivative of the present invention, preferably, the isomerization reaction is carried out in the presence of an isomerization catalyst. The isomerisation catalyst is preferably a group VIII metal supported catalyst. The content of the active metal in the group VIII metal-supported catalyst is preferably 0.1% to 5% (more preferably 0.2% to 3%) of the total weight of the catalyst. The active metal in the group VIII metal supported catalyst is preferably one or more of Fe, co, ni, ru, rh, pd, os, ir and Pt, more preferably one or more of Fe, co, ni, ru, rh, pd and Pt. The carrier of the group VIII metal-supported catalyst is preferably one or more of alumina, silica, zeolite, molecular sieve and activated carbon. The isomerisation catalyst is more preferably a group VIII metal loaded molecular sieve, zeolite. Specifically, the heterogeneous catalyst can be selected from a molecular sieve and zeolite loaded with Ni and/or Pt. The mass of the isomerization catalyst is 0.1-20%, preferably 1-15% of the mass of the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X).
According to the method for producing a phenol derivative of the present invention, preferably, the isomerization reaction is carried out in the presence of hydrogen. The pressure of the hydrogen gas is preferably 1 to 30MPa, more preferably 6 to 20MPa.
According to the method for producing a phenol derivative of the present invention, the isomerization reaction is preferably carried out at a temperature of 150 to 500 ℃, more preferably 280 to 450 ℃.
According to the method for producing a phenol derivative of the present invention, in general, the longer the isomerization reaction is, the higher the conversion of the product is, and the conversion of the reaction and the economy of the reaction are combined, and the time of the isomerization reaction is preferably 0.5 to 20 hours, more preferably 3 to 10 hours.
According to the method for producing a phenol derivative of the present invention, after the completion of the isomerization reaction, the reaction product may be subjected to a purification treatment, the method of the purification treatment including one or more of water washing, acid washing followed by water washing, alkali washing followed by water washing, distillation, filtration, drying and recrystallization methods, without particular limitation.
According to the method for producing a phenol derivative of the present invention, preferably, when the group R in the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) 1 ”、R 3 ”、R 5 When one, two or three groups of "are hydrogen, the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) may be subjected to isomerization reaction and alkylation reaction (preferably tertiary butyl reaction) before collecting the product. The reaction conditions for isomerizing the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) are as described above. The alkylation reaction (preferably tertiary butyl reaction) is a reaction product of isomerization reaction of the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) with an alkylating agent (tertiary butyl agent). The alkylating agent is selected from one or more of halogenated hydrocarbon, fatty alcohol and olefin, preferably from C 1-4 Haloalkanes and C of (2) 2-4 For example, one or more of t-butyl chloride, t-butyl bromide, isopropyl alcohol and isobutylene (the t-butylating agent is preferably one or more of t-butyl chloride, t-butyl bromide and isobutylene). The molar ratio between the reaction product of the isomerization reaction of the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) and the alkylating agent is preferably 1:1 to 5, more preferably 1:1 to 2.5; the reaction temperature is preferably 20 to 100 ℃, more preferably 40 to 80 ℃; generally, the longer the reaction time, the more convertedThe higher the rate, the more preferably the reaction time is from 0.5 to 10 hours, more preferably from 3 to 5 hours, by combining the conversion rate of the reaction with the economy of the reaction. The catalyst may or may not be added in the alkylation reaction, preferably; the catalyst comprises one or more of metal chloride, inorganic acid, organic acid and Lewis acid, preferably the metal chloride and the inorganic acid are selected, and for example, one or more of zinc chloride, aluminum chloride, tin chloride, concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid, concentrated nitric acid, boron trifluoride and heteropolyacid can be selected. The mass of the catalyst is preferably 0.1 to 10% and more preferably 1 to 6% of the mass of the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X). The solvent may or may not be added to the alkylation reaction, preferably; the solvent is preferably one or more of hydrocarbon solvent, alcohol solvent, ether solvent and ketone solvent, for example, one or more of hexane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, methyl ether, diethyl ether, propyl ether, butyl ether, acetone and butanone can be selected, and hydrocarbon solvent and/or alcohol solvent is preferably selected. The mass of the solvent is preferably 10% to 1000%, more preferably 50% to 500%, of the mass of the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X).
According to the method for producing a phenol derivative of the present invention, after the alkylation reaction is completed, the reaction product may be subjected to a purification treatment, the method of the purification treatment including one or more of water washing, acid washing followed by water washing, alkali washing followed by water washing, distillation, filtration, drying and recrystallization methods, without particular limitation.
According to the invention, all the disclosed technical schemes can be freely combined, and the combined schemes are regarded as the technical schemes claimed by the invention and cannot be regarded as new technical schemes.
The phenolic compound shown in the general formula (X) is preferably derived from natural plant cashew nuts, and contains a large amount of cashew nut shell oil in cashew nut shells, wherein the main component is meta-phenol, which is commonly called cardanol, and the structure is as follows:
wherein R is C 15 H 31+x X is 0, -2, -4 or-6.
The phenolic derivative can be used as an antioxidant and can be applied to lubricating oil, lubricating grease, fuel oil, plastics and rubber. The phenol derivative is liquid at normal temperature, has excellent oxidation resistance, is green and nontoxic, and has simple synthesis process and easy preparation.
According to the present invention, the content of the phenol derivative of the component (a) is preferably 0.05% to 1.5%, more preferably 0.1% to 0.7%, based on 100% by weight of the worm gear oil.
According to the invention, the sulfur-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent of component (b) is preferably selected from one or more of sulfurized olefins, dibenzyl disulfide, alkyl polysulfides and sulfurized fats and oils, more preferably sulfurized isobutylene, such as T321, which is domestic and Anglamol-33, of Lubrizol corporation. The content of the component (b) is preferably 0.1% to 5%, more preferably 0.5% to 2.5%, based on 100% by weight of the worm gear oil.
According to the present invention, the phosphorus-containing antiwear agent of the component (c) is preferably selected from one or more of a thiophosphonate compound, a thiophosphoric acid complex amine salt, a thiophosphoric acid nitrogen-containing derivative, a phosphoric acid ester, a phosphite ester and a thiophosphoric acid ester, and for example, one or more of a thiophosphonate compound, a thiophosphoric acid complex amine salt, a thiophosphoric acid nitrogen-containing derivative, a thiophosphoric acid complex amine salt, tricresyl phosphate, di-n-butyl phosphite, di-n-octyl phosphite, diisobutyl phosphite, triethyl phosphite, diisooctyl phosphite and triphenyl phosphite, more preferably one or more of a thiophosphonate compound, a thiophosphoric acid complex amine salt, a thiophosphoric acid nitrogen-containing derivative, triphenyl phosphite and di-n-butyl phosphite. The structure and the preparation method of the thiophosphonate compound are shown in CN 111057107A. The content of the component (c) is preferably 0.1% to 3%, more preferably 0.2% to 1.5%, based on 100% by weight of the worm gear oil.
According to the present invention, the friction modifier of the component (d) is preferably selected from one or more of sulfurized cottonseed oil, sulfurized olefin cottonseed oil, phosphonate, fatty alcohol, benzotriazole fatty amine salt and oleic acid polyol ester, and for example, one or more of sulfurized cottonseed oil, sulfurized olefin cottonseed oil, phosphonate, dodecanol, benzotriazole octadecylamine salt and oleic acid glycol ester, more preferably one or more of sulfurized cottonseed oil, sulfurized olefin cottonseed oil and benzotriazole octadecylamine salt. The content of the component (d) is preferably 0.05% to 2%, more preferably 0.1% to 1.5% by weight of the worm gear oil as 100%.
According to the invention, the anti-emulsifying agent of component (e) is preferably chosen from polyol ether anti-emulsifying agents, such as condensates of amines with ethylene oxide, common commercial designations including T1001. The content of the component (e) is preferably 0.01% to 1%, more preferably 0.01% to 0.5%, based on 100% by weight of the worm gear oil.
According to the invention, the anti-foaming agent of component (f) is preferably selected from one or more of polymethylsilicone oil, methylsilicone oil ester, polyacrylate and the like, and common trade marks include T901, T903, T911, T912 and the like. The content of the component (f) is preferably 0.0001 to 0.1%, more preferably 0.0005 to 0.02%, based on 100% by weight of the worm gear oil.
According to the invention, the lubricating base oil of component (g) is preferably selected from mineral lubricating oils and/or synthetic lubricating oils. The mineral lubricating oil is preferably selected from paraffin-based lubricating oils and/or intermediate-based lubricating oils, such as one or more of 100SN, 150SN, 200SN, 250SN, 350SN, 500SN, 650SN, 90BS, 120BS, 150ZN, 600ZN and 140 ZNZ. The synthetic lubricating oil is preferably selected from polyalphaolefins and/or hydrides thereof, fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil (GTL synthetic oil) whose kinematic viscosity can be freely adjusted according to the use requirements, and is not particularly limited. The synthetic lubricating oil generally has a kinematic viscosity at 100 ℃ of 3 to 100mm 2 Preferably 10 to 50mm 2 Per s, or a kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ of 10-2000 mm 2 Preferably 40 to 800mm 2 And/s. In order to meet the viscosity requirements of the worm gear oil composition, a plurality of lubricating oils are generally selected to prepare lubricating base oils with different viscosity grades. The viscosity grade comprises N100, N150, N220,N320, N460, etc. The lubricating base oil of component (g) constitutes the major component of the worm gear oil composition.
According to the invention, amine antioxidants, such as one or more of alkyl diphenylamines, phenyl-alpha-naphthylamines, commercially available under the trade designations T531, T534, etc., may optionally be added to the worm gear oil composition. The content of the amine antioxidant is preferably 0 to 1%, more preferably 0.1 to 0.5% based on 100% by weight of the worm gear oil.
According to the present invention, a metal deactivator and/or an antirust agent, preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of benzotriazole-type metal deactivator, thiadiazole-type metal deactivator and sulfonate-type antirust agent, may be optionally added to the worm gear oil composition, and for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of benzotriazole, benzotriazole-aldehyde-amine condensate, thiadiazole polysulfide, calcium petroleum sulfonate, magnesium petroleum sulfonate, synthetic calcium sulfonate and synthetic magnesium sulfonate, commercially available under the trade designations T706, T551, T561, T102, T103, T105, T106, etc. may be used. The content of the metal deactivator and the rust inhibitor is preferably 0 to 1%, more preferably 0.01 to 0.5% based on 100% by weight of the worm gear oil.
Viscosity index improvers and/or pour point depressants, well known to those skilled in the art, may be added to the lubricating base oils in accordance with the present invention to formulate lubricating base oils of different viscosity grades.
According to the invention, the preparation method of the worm gear oil composition comprises the step of mixing the components. The mixing temperature is preferably 40-90 ℃, and the mixing time is preferably 1-2 h.
The worm and gear oil composition disclosed by the invention can be applied to lubrication of various worm and gear boxes.
The worm and gear oil composition has excellent oxidation stability, extreme pressure wear resistance, emulsification resistance, corrosion resistance, rust resistance, foam resistance and low temperature performance, and can be prepared into worm and gear oil with different viscosity grades such as N100, N150, N220, N320, N460 and the like.
Detailed Description
The main raw materials used are as follows:
cardanol, shanghai Material competition technology Co., ltd, industrial products
The isomerization catalyst is a molecular sieve catalyst loaded with Pt, wherein the content of Pt is 0.5 percent, and the isomerization catalyst is industrial products of the institute of petrochemical engineering and science.
Zinc chloride, national medicine group chemical reagent Co., ltd., analytical grade
Tert-butyl chloride, national medicine group chemical reagent Co., ltd., analytically pure
2-Octyldodecanol, chemical purity of the chemical reagent company, baolinwei
Methyl (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, xingpu, institute of petrochemicals, institute of technology, industrial products
Antioxidant T511, xingpu, institute of petrochemistry and technology, industrial products
Antioxidant T501, xingpu, institute of petrochemistry and technology, industrial products
Cyclohexane, national medicine group chemical reagent Co., ltd., analytical grade
Poly alpha-olefin pour point depressant, trade name T803, no tin south petroleum additive Co., ltd., industrial product.
Polymethacrylate, trade name T602, nanno-Katsumadai oil additive Co., ltd.
Alkyl diphenylamine, brand T534, beijing Xingpu fine chemical technology development Co., ltd.
Sulfurized isobutylene, brand T321, liaoning Tianhe Fine chemical Co., ltd., industry product, labeled B.
Thiophosphonate compound, labeled C-1, was prepared according to the procedure of example 3 of CN 111057107A.
Phosphorothioate complex amine salt, brand T307, commercially available from Konta lubricating oil Co., ltd., of Mallotus, labeled C-2.
Vulcanized olefin cotton seed oil, with the brand T405, is manufactured by the petrochemical company, inc. of Changsha, and is marked as D-1.
The benzotriazole octadecylamine salt is marked as D-2, and is marked as T406, a industrial product of the chemical industry Co., ltd.
Benzotriazole-aldehyde-amine condensate, brand T551, beijing Xingpu fine chemical technology development Co., ltd, industry products.
Benzotriazole, brand T706, nanjing Jinling chemical synthesis reagent factory, industrial products.
Amine and ethylene oxide condensate, brand T1001, tianyu petroleum additive plant, industrial grade, denyang, labeled E.
Polymethylsilicone oil, brand T901, tianyu petroleum additive plant, industrial product, denyang, labeled F-1.
Methyl silicone oil ester, brand T903, tianyu petroleum additive plant, industrial product, denyang, labeled F-2.
Lubricating base oil G-1, comprising 45% 150BS mineral oil, 55% 350SN mineral oil, with the addition of polyalphaolefin pour point depressant T803 at 0.6% of the total mass of the mineral oil mixture.
Lubricating base oil G-2, comprising 35% 500SN mineral oil, 65% 150BS mineral oil, with the addition of a polymethacrylate viscosity index improver T602, in an amount of 0.4% of the total mass of the mineral oil mixture.
Lubricating base oil G-3, comprising 35% 650SN mineral oil, 65% 150BS mineral oil, with the addition of 1.0% polymethacrylate viscosity index improver T602 by total mass of the mineral oil mixture.
The comparative antioxidant was T501, designated DA-1.
The comparative antioxidant, which is the product of comparative example 1 of the present invention, was designated DA-2.
The comparative antioxidant, which is a mixture of equal mass of T501 and T534, was designated DA-3.
EXAMPLE 1 meta-substituted C 3 ～ 15 Preparation of isomerised alkylphenols
100g of cardanol and 15g of isomerization catalyst are put into a 200ml high-pressure reaction kettle, the high-pressure kettle is closed, hydrogen is introduced to 6MPa, and stirring and heating are started. The reaction temperature was 320℃and the reaction time was 5 hours. Cooling to 60deg.C after the reaction is finished, taking out yellow liquid reaction mixture, vacuum distilling at 100Pa and 160deg.C for 1 hr, cooling to obtain meta-substituted C with purity of more than 98% 3 ～C 15 And (3) isomerising the alkylphenol. The reaction conversion was 95.6%. The reaction equation is exemplified as follows:
EXAMPLE 2 meta-substituted C 3 ～C 15 Preparation of isomerised alkylphenols
100g of cardanol and 3g of isomerization catalyst are put into a 200ml high-pressure reaction kettle, the high-pressure kettle is closed, hydrogen is introduced to 18MPa, and stirring and heating are started. The reaction was carried out at 420℃for 8 hours. Cooling to 60deg.C after the reaction is finished, taking out yellow liquid reaction mixture, vacuum distilling at 100Pa and 160deg.C for 1 hr, cooling to obtain meta-substituted C with purity of more than 98% 3 ～C 15 And (3) isomerising the alkylphenol. The reaction conversion was 96.1%. The reaction equation is as shown in example 1.
Example 33 preparation of isomeric alkyl-6-tert-butylphenols
30g of the product of example 1 was dissolved in 100ml of cyclohexane, and after the dissolution, the mixture was placed in a 250ml three-necked reaction flask, 1.5g of zinc chloride catalyst was added, and stirring and heating were started. The reaction temperature was maintained at 50℃and 9.5g of t-butyl chloride was slowly added dropwise to the reaction flask, followed by further reaction for 5 hours after completion of the dropwise addition. And cooling after the reaction is finished to obtain brownish red transparent liquid. Filtering the reaction product, performing alkali washing with 5% KOH solution, washing with distilled water to neutrality, performing reduced pressure distillation at 1000Pa and 120 ℃ for 1h, removing solvent, water and unreacted raw materials, and cooling to obtain brown yellow liquid. The product conversion was 81.3%. The reaction equation is exemplified as follows:
example 43 preparation of isomeric alkyl-6-tert-butylphenols
30g of the product of example 2 was dissolved in 120ml of absolute ethanol, placed in a 250ml three-necked reaction flask, 0.7g of zinc chloride catalyst was added, and stirring and heating were started. The reaction temperature was maintained at 70℃and 9.5g of t-butyl chloride was slowly added dropwise to the reaction flask, followed by further reaction for 3 hours after completion of the dropwise addition. And cooling after the reaction is finished to obtain brownish red transparent liquid. Filtering the reaction product, performing alkali washing with 5% KOH solution, washing with distilled water to neutrality, performing reduced pressure distillation at 1000Pa and 120 ℃ for 1h, removing solvent, water and unreacted raw materials, and cooling to obtain brown yellow liquid. The product conversion was 85.4%. The reaction equation is as shown in example 3.
Comparative example 1
Into a500 ml three-necked reaction flask, 0.5mol (149 g) of 2-octyldodecanol and 0.5mol (143 g) of methyl (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate were placed, and 1.25g of LiOH catalyst was added thereto, followed by stirring and heating. Reduced pressure to 0.085Mpa and reacted at 160 c for 4 hours to give a pale yellow liquid. Heating to 260 ℃, and distilling under reduced pressure to remove unreacted raw materials to obtain yellow transparent liquid. The reaction conversion was 92.3%.
Example 5
The isomerism phenol derivatives prepared in the embodiments 3 and 4 and the contrast hindered phenol antioxidant are respectively dissolved in mineral oil S6 to prepare 0.5% (m/m) solution, and the oxidation resistance is tested, the test results are shown in Table 1, the test instrument is a TA5000 DSC instrument of the American TA company, and the test conditions are as follows: 190 ℃, oxygen pressure is 0.5MPa, and heating speed is 10 ℃/min.
TABLE 1
Example 6
The isomerism phenol derivatives prepared in the embodiments 3 and 4 and the contrast hindered phenol antioxidant are respectively dissolved in synthetic oil PAO6 to prepare 0.5% (m/m) solution, and the oxidation resistance is tested, the test results are shown in Table 2, the test instrument is a TA5000 DSC instrument of the American TA company, and the test conditions are as follows: 190 ℃, oxygen pressure is 0.5MPa, and heating speed is 10 ℃/min.
TABLE 2
Compared with the prior art, the phenolic derivative of the invention remarkably improves the oxidation induction period, has far better antioxidant performance than the conventional hindered phenol antioxidant, and has excellent sensibility in synthetic oil.
Example 7
The product prepared in example 3 was subjected to infrared spectrum analysis, and the analysis results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Infrared analysis results of the products
Examples 8 to 10 and comparative examples 2 to 4 of worm gear oil compositions
The formulation compositions of examples 8 to 10 and comparative examples 2 to 4 of the worm gear oil compositions are shown in Table 4. The components were added to a blending vessel in proportion, heated and stirred at 50℃for 2 hours, and examples 8 to 10 and comparative examples 2 to 4, each of which was a worm gear oil composition, were prepared.
The compositions were subjected to kinematic viscosity, viscosity index, copper corrosion, flash point (opening), pour point, moisture, mechanical impurities, liquid phase rust, anti-emulsifying properties, oxidation resistance and four ball test, the test methods are shown in Table 5, and the test results are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 4 Table 4
Table 5 main test method
TABLE 6
Claims (7)
1. The worm gear oil composition comprises the following components: (a) a phenolic derivative; (b) sulfur-containing extreme pressure antiwear agents; (c) a phosphorus-containing antiwear agent; (d) a friction modifier; (e) an anti-emulsifying agent; (f) an antifoam agent; (g) a major amount of a lubricating base oil; wherein the structure of the phenol derivative is shown as a general formula (I):
in the general formula (I), the radical R 1 Is tert-butyl, a radical R 2 、R 3 、R 5 Is hydrogen; group R 4 Is C 3-15 Isomerizing an alkyl group;
the sulfur-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent of the component (b) is selected from one or more of sulfurized olefins, dibenzyl disulfide, alkyl polysulfides and sulfurized fats; the phosphorus-containing antiwear agent of the component (c) is selected from one or more of thiophosphonate compounds, thiophosphoric acid complex amine salts, thiophosphoric acid nitrogen-containing derivatives, phosphate esters, phosphite esters and thiophosphoric acid esters; the friction modifier of the component (d) is selected from one or more of vulcanized cotton seed oil, vulcanized olefin cotton seed oil, phosphonate, fatty alcohol, benzotriazole fatty amine salt and oleic acid polyol ester; the anti-emulsifying agent of the component (e) is selected from polyalcohol ether type anti-emulsifying agents; the anti-foaming agent of the component (f) is one or more selected from polymethyl silicone oil, methyl silicone oil ester and polyacrylate; the lubricating base oil of component (g) is selected from mineral lubricating oils and/or synthetic lubricating oils.
2. The worm gear oil composition according to claim 1, wherein the phenol derivative is prepared by a process comprising; the cardanol is subjected to isomerization reaction and tertiary butyl reaction, and the products are collected.
3. The worm gear oil composition according to claim 2, wherein the isomerization reaction is performed in the presence of an isomerization catalyst, the isomerization reaction is performed in the presence of hydrogen gas, the pressure of the hydrogen gas is 1 to 30MPa, and the temperature of the isomerization reaction is 150 to 500 ℃.
4. The worm gear oil composition according to claim 3, wherein the isomerization catalyst is a catalyst supporting a group VIII metal, the pressure of the hydrogen gas is 6 to 20MPa, and the temperature of the isomerization reaction is 280 to 450 ℃.
5. The worm gear oil composition according to claim 1, wherein the component (a) contains 0.05 to 1.5% of a phenol derivative, the component (b) contains 0.1 to 5% of a phenol derivative, the component (c) contains 0.1 to 3% of a phenol derivative, the component (d) contains 0.05 to 2% of a phenol derivative, the component (e) contains 0.01 to 1% of a phenol derivative, the component (f) contains 0.0001 to 0.1% of a phenol derivative, and the lubricating base oil of the component (g) constitutes a main component of the worm gear oil composition, based on 100% by weight of the worm gear oil composition.
6. The worm gear oil composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein an amine antioxidant is added to the worm gear oil composition and/or a metal deactivator and/or rust inhibitor is added to the worm gear oil composition.
7. The method for preparing the worm gear oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the step of mixing the components thereof.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1727458A (en) * | 2004-07-29 | 2006-02-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Combination of oil for pair of gear worm |
| EP3053992A1 (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2016-08-10 | LANXESS Deutschland GmbH | Biodiesel |
| CN111057025A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2020-04-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Phenol derivative and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111056923A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2020-04-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Phenol derivative and preparation method and application thereof |
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| DE102005017125A1 (en) * | 2005-04-14 | 2006-10-19 | Cognis Ip Management Gmbh | Process for the preparation of cardanol (II) |
| US10005979B2 (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2018-06-26 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Lubricant composition containing an antiwear agent |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1727458A (en) * | 2004-07-29 | 2006-02-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Combination of oil for pair of gear worm |
| EP3053992A1 (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2016-08-10 | LANXESS Deutschland GmbH | Biodiesel |
| CN111057025A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2020-04-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Phenol derivative and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111056923A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2020-04-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Phenol derivative and preparation method and application thereof |
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