CN113800877A - Preparation method of concrete road brick - Google Patents
Preparation method of concrete road brick Download PDFInfo
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- CN113800877A CN113800877A CN202111139596.XA CN202111139596A CN113800877A CN 113800877 A CN113800877 A CN 113800877A CN 202111139596 A CN202111139596 A CN 202111139596A CN 113800877 A CN113800877 A CN 113800877A
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- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012258 stirred mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000008030 superplasticizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010039203 Road traffic accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/30—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing magnesium cements or similar cements
- C04B28/32—Magnesium oxychloride cements, e.g. Sorel cement
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/16—Waste materials; Refuse from building or ceramic industry
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
- C04B18/20—Waste materials; Refuse organic from macromolecular compounds
- C04B18/22—Rubber, e.g. ground waste tires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00362—Friction materials, e.g. used as brake linings, anti-skid materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/0075—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for road construction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of concrete road bricks, which comprises the steps of firstly soaking recycled straws in an acidic solution, then filtering and washing with water, then soaking in an alkaline solution, then filtering, drying and crushing into 2.5cm or less to obtain straw materials, adding building garbage regenerated aggregate powder, straw materials, calcium chloride, sand, cement, a water reducing agent, waste rubber particles, a gelling agent and water into a stirrer for uniformly mixing and stirring, and then filling the stirred mixed materials into a concrete road brick mould for vibration, hot pressing, curing and molding; performing steam curing on the molded pavement brick blank, wherein the constant-temperature curing temperature in the first stage is 40-50 ℃, and the curing time is 3-5 h; the second-stage constant-temperature curing time is 55-65 ℃, the curing time is 2-4 h, the third-stage constant-temperature curing temperature is 40-45 ℃, and the curing time is 2-3 h; and then, naturally curing for 6-10 days, spraying 3 times of water every day, and calcining for 3-6 hours at 160-200 ℃ to obtain the road brick.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a concrete road brick.
Background
With the steady development of national economy and the advance of urbanization, the construction industry develops at a high speed, and the quantity of construction waste is continuously increased. According to statistics, about 10 hundred million tons of construction wastes are generated in China every year at present, the construction wastes account for about 30-40% of the total quantity of urban wastes, and the resource utilization rate of the construction wastes is less than 5%. A large amount of stacked or buried construction waste occupies land, pollutes water and soil resources and atmospheric environment, causing a serious ecological load, and at the same time, natural resources used as construction materials are increasingly exhausted. Therefore, the resource property of the construction waste is utilized, and the reasonable process is adopted to prepare the regenerated construction material, which is a necessary way for resource protection and sustainable development.
China is a big agricultural country and can generate a large amount of crop straws every year. As an important renewable energy source, the utilization of crop straws is highly regarded by society. Incineration in the field and direct returning of ash to the field are traditional treatment methods for straws, however, the treatment method can cause serious air pollution, particularly in the vicinity of airports or highways, and visibility is reduced due to smoke generated by incineration, and traffic accidents are easily caused. With the improvement of the national requirement on environmental protection, the resource utilization of the straws takes a new step. In recent years, the vigorous development of biomass power plants using straws as fuel marks the progress of straw resource utilization. Similar to slag and fly ash produced by coal-fired power plants, a large amount of straw ash and straw slag are also produced in the operation process of biomass thermal power plants. The straw ash and straw slag produced in China every year can reach thousands of tons, and dust and soil pollution can be produced to the surrounding environment by random stacking and treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a concrete road brick, which comprises the following steps:
s1: soaking the recycled straws in an acidic solution for 1-2 h, filtering, washing with water for 2 times, soaking in an alkaline solution for 3-5 h, filtering, drying, and crushing into 2.5cm or less to obtain straw materials for later use.
S2: grinding the building waste recycled aggregate into recycled aggregate powder with the particle size of 0.5-1.6 mm, adding straw material, the recycled aggregate powder, calcium chloride, sand, cement, a water reducing agent, waste rubber particles, a gelling agent and water into a stirrer, uniformly mixing and stirring, and then filling the stirred mixture into a concrete pavement brick mold for vibration, hot-pressing, curing and molding; in order to reduce the layering of the aggregate, a flat plate is changed on the mould during vibration, and pressure is applied to make the plate and the mould vibrate simultaneously; and demolding after curing for 18-20 hours to obtain a concrete pavement brick blank, wherein the molding pressure is 35-40 kN, the vibration frequency is 4200-4500 times/min, and the vibration time is 100-120 s.
S3: performing steam curing on the molded pavement brick blank, wherein the constant-temperature curing temperature in the first stage is 40-50 ℃, and the curing time is 3-5 h; the second-stage constant-temperature curing time is 55-65 ℃, the curing time is 2-4 hours, the third-stage constant-temperature curing temperature is 40-45 ℃, and the curing time is 2-3 hours.
S4: and naturally curing the pavement brick blank subjected to steam curing for 6-10 days, spraying 3 times of water every day, and calcining at 160-200 ℃ for 3-6 hours to obtain the pavement brick.
Preferably, the acidic solution is a sulfuric acid solution or a hydrochloric acid solution.
Preferably, the alkaline solution is any one of a sodium hydroxide solution, a potassium hydroxide solution or an ammonia water solution, and the molar concentration of the alkaline solution is 1.5-3 mol/L.
Preferably, the straw is selected from any one of corn straw, rice straw, wheat straw, sorghum straw, potato straw or cotton straw.
According to a preferable scheme, the raw materials in the step S2 comprise, by weight, 20-40 parts of straw materials, 45-55 parts of regenerated aggregate powder, 10-15 parts of calcium chloride, 50-60 parts of sand, 20-30 parts of cement, 6-10 parts of water reducing agents, 10-14 parts of waste rubber particles, 12-15 parts of gelling agents and 13-18 parts of water.
Preferably, the particle size of the waste rubber particles is 0.5-1.2 mm.
Preferably, the building garbage recycled aggregate comprises waste concrete blocks, waste broken stone blocks, waste brick and tile broken blocks and waste mortar.
More preferably, the water reducing agent is an early strength polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
More preferably, the gel is a mixture of magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride and magnesium sulfate in a mass ratio of (65-69) - (10-15) - (16-20).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, firstly, the acid solution is used for soaking, so that the surface of the straw is loosened, the fiber degree of the straw is improved, meanwhile, the contact area of the straw and the matrix substance can be increased, then, the straw is soaked by adopting the alkaline solution, the smooth wax layer on the surface of the straw can be effectively removed, and further, the straw and the matrix substance have higher interface binding power and friction when being mixed, so that the compressive strength of the concrete pavement brick can be improved; the construction waste aggregate powder prepared by the construction waste is fully used in the invention to prepare the pavement brick with better compression resistance and fracture resistance; waste rubber particles are added, so that the antiskid performance of the road brick can be improved, and rubber waste is efficiently utilized; according to the invention, the straw is used as the raw material to prepare the road brick, wherein the hydrophobic substances on the surface of the treated straw are effectively removed, and the cellulose of the straw is still retained, so that the straw can be better mixed with other matrix raw materials, and the compression resistance and the folding resistance of the road brick are improved.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, and the embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of concrete road bricks specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: soaking the recycled straws in a sulfuric acid solution for 1 hour, filtering, washing with water for 2 times, soaking in a sodium hydroxide solution with the molar concentration of 1.5mol/L for 3 hours, filtering, drying, and crushing into straw materials smaller than or equal to 2.5cm to obtain the straw materials for later use.
S2: grinding the building garbage recycled aggregate into recycled aggregate powder with the particle size of 0.5mm, adding 20 parts by weight of straw material, 45 parts by weight of recycled aggregate powder, 10 parts by weight of calcium chloride, 50 parts by weight of sand, 20 parts by weight of cement, 6 parts by weight of early strength type polycarboxylate superplasticizer, 10 parts by weight of waste rubber particles, 12 parts by weight of gelling agent and 13 parts by weight of water into a stirrer, uniformly mixing and stirring, and then filling the stirred mixture into a concrete pavement brick mold for vibration hot-pressing curing molding; in order to reduce the layering of the aggregate, a flat plate is changed on the mould during vibration, and pressure is applied to make the plate and the mould vibrate simultaneously; and demolding after curing for 18 hours to obtain a concrete pavement brick blank, wherein the molding pressure is 35kN, the vibration frequency is 4200 times/min, and the vibration time is 100 s.
S3: performing steam curing on the molded pavement brick blank, wherein the constant-temperature curing temperature in the first stage is 40 ℃, and the curing time is 3 hours; the constant-temperature curing time of the second stage is 55 ℃, the curing time is 2 hours, the constant-temperature curing temperature of the third stage is 40 ℃, and the curing time is 2 hours.
S4: and naturally curing the pavement brick blank subjected to steam curing for 6 days, spraying 3 times of water every day, and calcining at 160 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the pavement brick.
Example 2
A preparation method of concrete road bricks specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: soaking the recycled straws in a hydrochloric acid solution for 2 hours, filtering, washing with water for 2 times, soaking in a potassium hydroxide solution with the molar concentration of 3mol/L for 5 hours, filtering, drying, and crushing into straw materials with the concentration of less than or equal to 2.5cm to obtain the straw materials for later use.
S2: grinding the building garbage recycled aggregate into recycled aggregate powder with the particle size of 1.6mm, adding 40 parts by weight of straw material, 55 parts by weight of recycled aggregate powder, 15 parts by weight of calcium chloride, 60 parts by weight of sand, 30 parts by weight of cement, 10 parts by weight of early strength type polycarboxylate superplasticizer, 14 parts by weight of waste rubber particles, 15 parts by weight of gelling agent and 18 parts by weight of water into a stirrer, uniformly mixing and stirring, and then filling the stirred mixed material into a concrete pavement brick mould for vibration hot-pressing curing molding; in order to reduce the layering of the aggregate, a flat plate is changed on the mould during vibration, and pressure is applied to make the plate and the mould vibrate simultaneously; and demolding after curing for 20 hours to obtain a concrete pavement brick blank, wherein the molding pressure is 40kN, the vibration frequency is 4500 times/min, and the vibration time is 120 s.
S3: performing steam curing on the molded pavement brick blank, wherein the constant-temperature curing temperature in the first stage is 50 ℃, and the curing time is 5 hours; the constant-temperature curing time of the second stage is 65 ℃, the curing time is 4h, the constant-temperature curing temperature of the third stage is 45 ℃, and the curing time is 3 h.
S4: and naturally curing the pavement brick blank subjected to steam curing for 10 days, spraying 3 times of water every day, and calcining at 200 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain the pavement brick.
Example 3
A preparation method of concrete road bricks specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: soaking the recycled straws in a sulfuric acid solution for 1.5h, filtering, washing with water for 2 times, soaking in an ammonia water solution with the molar concentration of 2mol/L for 4h, filtering, drying, and crushing into straws with the concentration of less than or equal to 2.5cm to obtain straw materials for later use.
S2: grinding the building waste recycled aggregate into recycled aggregate powder with the particle size of 0.8mm, adding 25 parts by weight of straw material, 50 parts by weight of recycled aggregate powder, 12 parts by weight of calcium chloride, 55 parts by weight of sand, 25 parts by weight of cement, 8 parts by weight of early strength type polycarboxylate superplasticizer, 12 parts by weight of waste rubber particles, 13 parts by weight of gelatinizer and 15 parts by weight of water into a stirrer, uniformly mixing and stirring, and then putting the stirred mixed material into a concrete pavement brick mould for vibration hot-pressing curing molding; in order to reduce the layering of the aggregate, a flat plate is changed on the mould during vibration, and pressure is applied to make the plate and the mould vibrate simultaneously; and demolding after curing for 19 hours to obtain a concrete pavement brick blank, wherein the molding pressure is 37kN, the vibration frequency is 4300 times/min, and the vibration time is 110 s.
S3: performing steam curing on the molded pavement brick blank, wherein the constant-temperature curing temperature in the first stage is 45 ℃, and the curing time is 4 hours; the second stage constant temperature curing time is 60 ℃, the curing time is 3h, the third stage constant temperature curing temperature is 42 ℃, and the curing time is 2.5 h.
S4: and naturally curing the pavement brick blank subjected to steam curing for 8 days, spraying 3 times of water every day, and calcining at 180 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain the pavement brick.
Example 4
A preparation method of concrete road bricks specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: soaking the recycled straws in a hydrochloric acid solution for 2 hours, filtering, washing with water for 2 times, soaking in a sodium hydroxide solution with the molar concentration of 2.5mol/L for 5 hours, filtering, drying, and crushing into straw materials with the concentration of less than or equal to 2.5cm to obtain the straw materials for later use.
S2: grinding the building waste recycled aggregate into recycled aggregate powder with the particle size of 1.2mm, adding 38 parts by weight of straw material, 52 parts by weight of recycled aggregate powder, 14 parts by weight of calcium chloride, 58 parts by weight of sand, 27 parts by weight of cement, 9 parts by weight of early strength type polycarboxylate superplasticizer, 13 parts by weight of waste rubber particles, 14 parts by weight of gelling agent and 17 parts by weight of water into a stirrer for uniformly mixing and stirring, and then filling the stirred mixed material into a concrete pavement brick mould for vibration hot-pressing curing molding; in order to reduce the layering of the aggregate, a flat plate is changed on the mould during vibration, and pressure is applied to make the plate and the mould vibrate simultaneously; and demolding after curing for 20 hours to obtain a concrete pavement brick blank, wherein the molding pressure is 38kN, the vibration frequency is 4400 times/min, and the vibration time is 120 s.
S3: performing steam curing on the molded pavement brick blank, wherein the constant-temperature curing temperature in the first stage is 48 ℃, and the curing time is 5 hours; the constant-temperature curing time of the second stage is 62 ℃, the curing time is 4 hours, the constant-temperature curing temperature of the third stage is 43 ℃, and the curing time is 2.5 hours.
S4: and naturally curing the pavement brick blank subjected to steam curing for 9 days, spraying 3 times of water every day, and calcining at 190 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain the pavement brick.
Examples of the experiments
Performance test experiments: the straw concrete road bricks prepared in the examples 1-4 are subjected to performance tests according to the GB28635-2012 standard, the results of which are shown in Table 1,
table 1. results of performance testing:
as can be seen from the table above, the straw concrete road brick prepared by the invention has better compression resistance and bending resistance, reaches the standard grade in the industry, and has better anti-skid performance and water absorption performance.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the concrete road brick is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: soaking the recycled straws in an acidic solution for 1-2 h, filtering, washing with water for 2 times, soaking in an alkaline solution for 3-5 h, filtering, drying, and crushing into straw materials with the length less than or equal to 2.5cm to obtain straw materials for later use;
s2: grinding the building waste recycled aggregate into recycled aggregate powder with the particle size of 0.5-1.6 mm, adding straw material, the recycled aggregate powder, calcium chloride, sand, cement, a water reducing agent, waste rubber particles, a gelling agent and water into a stirrer, uniformly mixing and stirring, and then filling the stirred mixture into a concrete pavement brick mold for vibration, hot-pressing, curing and molding; in order to reduce the layering of the aggregate, a flat plate is changed on the mould during vibration, and pressure is applied to make the plate and the mould vibrate simultaneously; after curing for 18-20 hours, demolding to obtain a concrete pavement brick blank, wherein the molding pressure is 35-40 kN, the vibration frequency is 4200-4500 times/min, and the vibration time is 100-120 s;
s3: performing steam curing on the molded pavement brick blank, wherein the constant-temperature curing temperature in the first stage is 40-50 ℃, and the curing time is 3-5 h; the second-stage constant-temperature curing time is 55-65 ℃, the curing time is 2-4 h, the third-stage constant-temperature curing temperature is 40-45 ℃, and the curing time is 2-3 h;
s4: and naturally curing the pavement brick blank subjected to steam curing for 6-10 days, spraying 3 times of water every day, and calcining at 160-200 ℃ for 3-6 hours to obtain the pavement brick.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the acidic solution is a sulfuric acid solution or a hydrochloric acid solution.
3. The method for preparing the concrete road brick according to claim 1, wherein the alkaline solution is any one of a sodium hydroxide solution, a potassium hydroxide solution or an ammonia water solution, and the molar concentration of the alkaline solution is 1.5-3 mol/L.
4. The method for preparing a concrete road brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the straw is selected from any one of corn straw, rice straw, wheat straw, sorghum straw, potato straw or cotton straw.
5. The preparation method of the concrete road brick according to claim 1, wherein the concrete road brick comprises, by weight, 20-40 parts of straw materials, 45-55 parts of regenerated aggregate powder, 10-15 parts of calcium chloride, 50-60 parts of sand, 20-30 parts of cement, 6-10 parts of a water reducing agent, 10-14 parts of waste rubber particles, 12-15 parts of a gelling agent and 13-18 parts of water.
6. The method for preparing the concrete road brick according to claim 5, wherein the particle size of the waste rubber particles is 0.5-1.2 mm.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the construction waste recycled aggregate includes waste concrete blocks, waste crushed stone blocks, waste tile fragments and waste mortar.
8. The method for preparing a concrete road brick as claimed in claim 1 or 5, wherein the gelling agent is a mixture of magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride and magnesium sulfate in a mass ratio of (65-69) - (10-15) - (16-20).
9. The method for preparing concrete road brick according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the water reducing agent is an early strength type polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
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