CN113783531A - Numerical control vector modulator - Google Patents
Numerical control vector modulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN113783531A CN113783531A CN202111065455.8A CN202111065455A CN113783531A CN 113783531 A CN113783531 A CN 113783531A CN 202111065455 A CN202111065455 A CN 202111065455A CN 113783531 A CN113783531 A CN 113783531A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03C—MODULATION
- H03C7/00—Modulating electromagnetic waves
- H03C7/02—Modulating electromagnetic waves in transmission lines, waveguides, cavity resonators or radiation fields of antennas
- H03C7/025—Modulating electromagnetic waves in transmission lines, waveguides, cavity resonators or radiation fields of antennas using semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03C—MODULATION
- H03C7/00—Modulating electromagnetic waves
- H03C7/02—Modulating electromagnetic waves in transmission lines, waveguides, cavity resonators or radiation fields of antennas
- H03C7/025—Modulating electromagnetic waves in transmission lines, waveguides, cavity resonators or radiation fields of antennas using semiconductor devices
- H03C7/027—Modulating electromagnetic waves in transmission lines, waveguides, cavity resonators or radiation fields of antennas using semiconductor devices using diodes
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Abstract
The invention provides a numerical control vector modulator, which comprises a port 1, an I/Q shunt, a numerical control signal amplitude adjusting unit, a numerical control inverter, a power divider and a port 2 which are connected in sequence; the I/Q branching unit is used for dividing the radio frequency signal input by the port 1 into an I path signal and a Q path signal which are orthogonal and have equal amplitude; the numerical control signal amplitude adjusting unit is used for respectively controlling the amplitudes of the I path signal and the Q path signal, and adjusting the amplitude and the phase of the signals in the quadrant after vector synthesis; and the numerical control phase inverter is used for carrying out phase processing on the signals of the I path and the Q path processed by the numerical control signal amplitude adjusting unit according to different quadrants required by the vector. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the numerical control vector modulator is easy to realize wide working frequency band design and technology transplantation among frequency bands, and has insensitive performance parameters to temperature and high response speed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radio frequency, and particularly relates to a numerical control vector modulator.
Background
In the fields of modern radar TR components, external interference cancellation, self-interference cancellation, instruments and meters, UHF radio frequency identification, feed-forward linear power amplification, mobile communication and the like, the amplitude and phase of microwaves and radio frequency signals are often required to be adjusted. The vector modulator can adjust both amplitude and phase, which is one of the preferred schemes.
Conventional analog vector modulators typically use PIN diode technology and are controlled by analog voltages (typically DAC outputs). The control voltage of the system needs filtering to avoid clutter modulation on a radio frequency signal, so that the response speed is low, and the system is not suitable for scenes requiring quick switching of working frequency points or working states (such as frequency hopping communication); the more fatal problems are that the equivalent resistance of the PIN diode changes obviously along with the temperature change, and the reliability of long-term operation is difficult to guarantee even if the PIN diode is subjected to factory calibration because the control slope is large (particularly in a high-resistance region) and the drift discreteness of device parameters along with time is strong. Due to the difficulty in overcoming the disadvantages, the vector modulator is often only applied in the working scenario of slow, closed-loop control. In other application scenarios, the amplitude and phase are often controlled separately by using a digitally controlled attenuator plus a digitally controlled phase shifter. However, in the existing various numerical control phase shifter technologies, such as the phase shifter technologies of the switch line technology, the load line technology, the reflection type technology, the switch filter technology, etc., it is difficult to simultaneously satisfy the performance of broadband, 360 ° full phase adjustment, high precision, low insertion loss, or there are problems of too high cost and too large volume, and it is difficult to perform technical transplantation between the frequency bands.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a digital vector modulator to solve the above-mentioned problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the numerical control vector modulator comprises a port 1, an I/Q shunt, a numerical control signal amplitude adjusting unit, a numerical control inverter, a power divider and a port 2 which are connected in sequence;
the I/Q branching unit is used for dividing the radio frequency signal input by the port 1 into an I path signal and a Q path signal which are orthogonal and have equal amplitude;
the numerical control signal amplitude adjusting unit is used for respectively controlling the amplitudes of the I path signal and the Q path signal, and adjusting the amplitude and the phase of the signals in the quadrant after vector synthesis;
the numerical control phase inverter is used for carrying out phase processing on the signals of the I path and the Q path processed by the numerical control signal amplitude adjusting unit according to different quadrants required by the vector;
and the power divider is used for carrying out signal combination processing on the I path signal and the Q path signal and then outputting the signals through the port 2.
Further, the I/Q splitter comprises a 3dB directional coupler and an isolation resistor.
Further, the I/Q splitter includes a high/low pass variable resistance filter.
Furthermore, the numerical control signal amplitude adjusting unit comprises a numerical control attenuator.
Further, the numerical control signal amplitude adjusting unit comprises a numerical control variable gain amplifier.
Further, the digital control inverter comprises two working states:
the reference state is defined as phase 0, and the phase is flipped to 180 in the other state.
Further, the digitally controlled inverter includes a 3dB directional coupler and a pair of SPST radio frequency switches that are simultaneously on/off.
Further, the digitally controlled inverter includes a pair of SPDT rf switch switching high/low pass filters.
Further, the radio frequency switch comprises a radio frequency switch built based on a PIN diode, a radio frequency switch IC based on various semiconductor processes and a MEMS radio frequency switch, and the IC represents an integrated circuit.
Further, the power divider comprises an in-phase power divider or an anti-phase power divider.
Compared with the prior art, the numerical control vector modulator has the following beneficial effects:
the numerical control vector modulator is easy to realize wide working frequency band design and technology transplantation among frequency bands, and has insensitive performance parameters to temperature and high response speed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the digitally controlled vector modulator of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional analog vector modulator;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a narrow-band IQ splitter according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of quadrant adjustment of the signal vector of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a narrow-band digitally controlled inverter of the present invention;
description of the reference numerals
101. An I/Q splitter; 102. a numerical control attenuator (I path); 103. a numerical control attenuator (Q path); 104. a numerical control inverter (phase 0 °); 105. digitally controlled inverters (phase 180 °); 106. and a power divider.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
A digitally controlled vector modulator as shown in fig. 1, comprising: the device comprises a port 1, a port 2, an I/Q shunt, a numerical control signal amplitude adjusting unit, a numerical control inverter and a power divider.
The I/Q splitter 101 splits the rf signal into an I signal and a Q signal that are orthogonal and have equal amplitudes.
The I/Q splitter can be completed using a 3dB directional coupler (90 ° bridge) and isolation resistors;
in some narrow band applications, the I/Q splitter can also be implemented using a high/low pass variable resistance filter, as shown in fig. 3. Any other circuit form capable of splitting the signal into two parts with equal amplitude and phase difference of +/-90 degrees can be used as the I/Q splitter.
The numerical control signal amplitude adjusting units 102 and 103 respectively control the amplitudes of the I-path signal and the Q-path signal, and after vector synthesis, the amplitude and the phase of the signal in the quadrant can be adjusted. The lowest gear of the numerical control signal amplitude adjusting unit influences the amplitude and phase adjusting precision of the vector modulator. For example, the circuit designed based on the numerical control signal amplitude adjusting unit with the lowest gear of 0.25dB has the amplitude adjusting precision of 0.25dB or more and the full-phase control precision of 0.825 degrees or more; the circuit designed on the basis of the numerical control signal amplitude adjusting unit with the lowest gear of 0.5dB has the amplitude adjusting precision of 0.5dB or more and the full-phase control precision of 1.65 degrees or more. Compared with a 6-bit 360-degree numerical control phase shifter, the lowest gear (180 degrees, 90 degrees, 45 degrees, 22.5 degrees, 11.25 degrees and 5.625 degrees) of the phase shifter is 5.625 degrees. It can be seen that the design is easier to achieve higher adjustment accuracy.
The central function of the numerical control signal amplitude adjusting unit is to adjust the amplitude of the signal, so that a numerical control attenuator can be used, and a numerical control variable gain amplifier can be used for replacing the numerical control variable gain amplifier.
The digitally controlled inverters 104, 105 have two operating states. One is a reference state, defined as phase 0 °; in the other state, the phase is flipped to 180 °.
The function of the digitally controlled inverter can be accomplished using a 3dB directional coupler and a pair of SPST radio frequency switches that are on or off simultaneously. For each path of signals (I path of signals, Q path of signals), when the rf switch is not turned on (open circuit state), the signal is defined to be at the reference phase, i.e., phase 0 °; then the phase of the rf switch will flip by 180 ° when it is turned on (short circuit condition). Defining the I-path signal as X-axis, the Q-path signal as Y-axis, and the signal vector is located in the first quadrant when the rf switch is not turned on, the corresponding relationship between the signal vector located in the quadrant and the switch state is shown in fig. 4. That is, by switching the operating state of the rf switch, the signal vector can be mapped from the first quadrant to any of the first to fourth quadrants, and 360 ° full phase adjustment of the signal vector can be completed.
In some narrow-band applications, the function of the digitally controlled inverter can also be achieved by using a pair of SPDT rf switches to switch high/low pass filters, and its functional block diagram is shown in fig. 5. And any other circuit form capable of controlling the signal vectors to be 180 DEG out of phase can be used as the numerical control inverter.
The radio frequency switch can be realized by various technologies, such as a radio frequency switch built based on a PIN diode, a radio frequency switch IC based on various semiconductor technologies (GaN, GaAs, SiGe, etc.), a MEMS radio frequency switch, and the like.
The power divider 106 may be composed of an in-phase (0 ° out of phase) power divider or an anti-phase power divider (180 °/balun out of phase). The difference is only the mirror image of the quadrant where the vector is located, and the realization of the whole function is not influenced.
In the vector modulator, the numerical control signal amplitude adjusting unit and the numerical control inverter are in a series structure, so that the positions can be interchanged without influencing the realization of functions.
In the vector modulator, other circuits including but not limited to amplifiers, filters, equalizers and the like can be symmetrically inserted into the I path and the Q path, and the realization of functions is not influenced.
In the vector modulator, if no one-way transmission device (such as an amplifier) is used in the I-path circuit and the Q-path circuit, the port 1 and the port 2 are reciprocal, that is, the signal flow direction is arbitrary, and the signal can flow from the port 1 to the port 2 or from the port 2 to the port 1, without affecting the implementation of the function.
The digitally controlled inverter can be deleted when the phase only needs an adjustment range of not more than 90 °.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements and method steps of the examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the components and steps of the examples have been described in a functional general in the foregoing description for the purpose of clearly illustrating the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed method and system may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above described division of elements is merely a logical division, and other divisions may be realized, for example, multiple elements or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. The units may or may not be physically separate, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment of the present invention.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. Numerical control vector modulator, its characterized in that: the device comprises a port 1, an I/Q shunt, a numerical control signal amplitude adjusting unit, a numerical control inverter, a power divider and a port 2 which are connected in sequence;
the I/Q branching unit is used for dividing the radio frequency signal input by the port 1 into an I path signal and a Q path signal which are orthogonal and have equal amplitude;
the numerical control signal amplitude adjusting unit is used for respectively controlling the amplitudes of the I path signal and the Q path signal, and adjusting the amplitude and the phase of the signals in the quadrant after vector synthesis;
the numerical control phase inverter is used for carrying out phase processing on the signals of the I path and the Q path processed by the numerical control signal amplitude adjusting unit according to different quadrants required by the vector;
and the power divider is used for carrying out signal combination processing on the I path signal and the Q path signal and then outputting the signals through the port 2.
2. The digitally controlled vector modulator of claim 1, wherein: the I/Q splitter comprises a 3dB directional coupler, an isolation resistor and a high/low pass variable resistance filter.
3. The digitally controlled vector modulator of claim 1, wherein: the numerical control signal amplitude adjusting unit comprises a numerical control attenuator and a numerical control variable gain amplifier.
4. The digitally controlled vector modulator of claim 1, wherein: the numerical control phase inverter comprises two working states:
the reference state is defined as phase 0, and the phase is flipped to 180 in the other state.
5. The digitally controlled vector modulator of claim 1, wherein: the digitally controlled inverter includes a 3dB directional coupler and a pair of SPST radio frequency switches that are on/off simultaneously.
6. The digitally controlled vector modulator of claim 1, wherein: the digital controlled inverter includes a pair of SPDT RF switch switching high/low pass filters.
7. The digitally controlled vector modulator of any one of claims 5 or 6, wherein: the SPDT radio frequency switch comprises a radio frequency switch built based on a PIN diode, a radio frequency switch IC based on various semiconductor processes and a MEMS radio frequency switch, wherein the IC represents an integrated circuit.
8. The digitally controlled vector modulator of claim 1, wherein: the power divider comprises an in-phase power divider or an anti-phase power divider.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111065455.8A CN113783531A (en) | 2021-09-10 | 2021-09-10 | Numerical control vector modulator |
| PCT/CN2022/093873 WO2023035663A1 (en) | 2021-09-10 | 2022-05-19 | Digitally controlled vector modulator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111065455.8A CN113783531A (en) | 2021-09-10 | 2021-09-10 | Numerical control vector modulator |
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| CN113783531A true CN113783531A (en) | 2021-12-10 |
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| CN202111065455.8A Pending CN113783531A (en) | 2021-09-10 | 2021-09-10 | Numerical control vector modulator |
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| CN (1) | CN113783531A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023035663A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023035663A1 (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2023-03-16 | 天津七一二通信广播股份有限公司 | Digitally controlled vector modulator |
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2021
- 2021-09-10 CN CN202111065455.8A patent/CN113783531A/en active Pending
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| WO2023035663A1 (en) | 2023-03-16 |
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