CN113757347A

CN113757347A - Speed reducer for electric automobile

Info

Publication number: CN113757347A
Application number: CN202110948439.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 虞邱健; 双波涛; 郑颖
Original assignee: Zhejiang Xiaxia Precision Manufacturing Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Xiaxia Precision Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-18
Filing date: 2021-08-18
Publication date: 2021-12-07
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-18
Also published as: CN113757347B

Abstract

A reducer for an electric automobile comprises a shell and a transmission mechanism. The gear surface of the shell corresponding to the transmission cavity is surrounded with a shell flow passage, an oil outlet cavity is arranged above the gear meshing surface of the shell flow passage, and an oil outlet pump is arranged in the oil outlet cavity. The casing runner is equipped with into chamber in the side below of gear face, it is used for installing and filters the piece to flow into the chamber. The gear of the transmission mechanism is provided with a mounting table, and the center of the mounting table is provided with a shaft mounting hole. The gear is provided with gear runners distributed in a radial shape along the center of the shaft mounting hole. The installation table is also provided with a drainage tube which can guide lubricating oil to the bearing for lubrication. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects: when the vehicle runs under the limit working condition, all gears and bearings in the speed reducer can be fully lubricated and soaked, and impurities in the lubricating oil can be filtered to ensure that the lubricating oil is clean when the equipment runs.

Description

Speed reducer for electric automobile

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electric automobiles, and particularly relates to a speed reducer for an electric automobile.

Background

The electric vehicle is a vehicle which runs by using a vehicle-mounted power supply as power and driving wheels by using a motor. The power system of the electric automobile generally adopts a combination form of a motor and a speed reducer, and the speed reducer is used for increasing and decreasing the speed of the power of the motor through a speed reduction gear assembly, so that the power performance and the economic performance of the whole automobile are met.

The interior of the reduction gear generally needs to be lubricated by lubricating oil. In the prior art, the speed reducer of the electric vehicle generally adopts a passive lubrication scheme, namely, when the vehicle runs, lubricating oil in the speed reducer needs to be stirred through the running of a gear of the speed reducer, so that the lubricating oil splashes, and the lubrication and cooling of a speed reduction gear assembly in the speed reducer are realized. However, when the vehicle encounters extreme conditions, such as uphill, downhill, left or right long-time curved road, the lubricating oil inside the speed reducer will be collected to one side inside the speed reducer due to the centrifugal force and gravity, so that the gear cannot stir sufficient lubricating oil, and the condition of insufficient lubrication of the gear and the bearing of the speed reducer occurs. If increase the quantity of lubricating oil, then not only make the cost increase, still can increase gear oil mixing resistance, and then lead to reduction of reduction gear operating efficiency, reduce whole car continuation of the journey.

Accordingly, the present application is directed to further designs and improvements based on certain of the above-identified circumstances in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the speed reducer for the electric automobile, which can ensure that all gears and bearings in the speed reducer can be fully lubricated and soaked when the automobile runs under the limit working condition, and can filter impurities in lubricating oil to ensure that the lubricating oil is clean when equipment runs.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions.

The speed reducer for the electric automobile comprises a shell and a transmission mechanism, wherein a transmission cavity is formed in the shell, and the transmission mechanism is assembled in the transmission cavity. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the gear surface of the shell corresponding to the transmission cavity is surrounded with a shell flow passage, an oil outlet cavity is arranged above the gear meshing surface of the shell flow passage, and an oil outlet pump is arranged in the oil outlet cavity. An inflow cavity is arranged below the side of the gear surface of the shell flow passage and used for installing a filter element; the bearing comprises a shell, and is characterized in that a plurality of first bearing cavities for mounting bearings are arranged in the shell, and second bearing cavities are sleeved outside the first bearing cavities.

The gear of the transmission mechanism is provided with a mounting table, and the center of the mounting table is provided with a shaft mounting hole. The gear is provided with gear runners distributed in a radial shape along the center of the shaft mounting hole. One end of the gear flow channel is arranged on the mounting table, and the port faces the direction of the first bearing cavity of the side wall of the shell. The other end of the gear runner is arranged on the side surface of the gear. The mounting table is further provided with a drainage tube, the other end of the drainage tube is assembled in a second bearing cavity of the shell through a bearing, and lubricating oil can be guided to the bearing for lubrication.

In a preferred embodiment, the transmission mechanism includes an input shaft, a transmission shaft, and an output shaft. The input shaft is provided with an input gear. And the transmission shaft is provided with a first transmission gear and a second transmission gear. An output gear is assembled on the output shaft. The input shaft, the transmission shaft and the output shaft are arranged in the first bearing cavity through bearings.

In a preferred embodiment, the input gear is engaged with the first transmission gear, and the second transmission gear is engaged with the output gear.

In a preferred embodiment, the gear flow passage on the input gear and the output gear is T-shaped, and one end of the gear flow passage on the mounting table is provided with a through hole, so that lubricating oil can flow out from two ends of the through hole. The gear flow passages of the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear are L-shaped, so that lubricating oil can flow out from one end facing to the first bearing cavity.

In a preferred embodiment, the housing comprises a first shell, an intermediate shell and a second shell, which are fixed by screw assembly. Middle flowing chambers are arranged on two sides of the middle shell, and corresponding first flowing chambers and second flowing chambers are arranged on the first shell and the second shell corresponding to the middle flowing chambers respectively. The middle flow cavity, the first flow cavity and the second flow cavity are assembled to form a shell flow channel, and the manufacturing difficulty is reduced.

In a preferred embodiment, middle assembly grooves are formed in two sides of the middle shell, and sealing strips are assembled on the upper surfaces of the first flow cavity and the second flow cavity and are assembled with the middle flow cavity to realize sealing, so that the inside of a flow passage of the shell is ensured to be sealed, and oil leakage is avoided.

In a preferred embodiment, the first shell and the second shell are respectively provided with a corresponding first assembling groove and a corresponding second assembling groove corresponding to the middle assembling groove; the middle assembly groove, the first assembly groove and the second assembly groove are assembled to form an inflow cavity, and manufacturing difficulty is reduced.

In a preferred embodiment, a switch assembly is arranged in the second shell, and the switch assembly is connected with an oil outlet pump; the switch assembly comprises an arc-shaped groove, the two ends of the arc-shaped groove are provided with touch elements, and balls are assembled in the arc-shaped groove in a sliding mode, so that the oil outlet pump only works when the vehicle runs under the limit working condition, and the switch assembly is favorable for energy conservation.

In a preferred embodiment, the filter member is provided with a sealing ring, so that oil leakage is avoided, and replacement of the filter member is facilitated.

In a preferred embodiment, the oil outlet pump is a gear pump, and has a simple structure and reliable work.

Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects: when the vehicle runs under the limit working condition, all gears and bearings in the speed reducer can be fully lubricated and soaked, and impurities in the lubricating oil can be filtered to ensure that the lubricating oil is clean when the equipment runs.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a first perspective view of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the second embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is an exploded schematic view of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the first housing.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the first housing after assembly.

Fig. 6 is a schematic front view of the intermediate housing.

Fig. 7 is a schematic reverse perspective view of the intermediate shell.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the second housing.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the second housing after assembly.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the transmission mechanism.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the transmission mechanism in cooperation with the draft tube and the rolling bearing.

Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the transmission mechanism.

FIG. 13 is a plan view of the draft tube and rolling bearing.

FIG. 14 is a plan view of a gear flow passage within a gear.

Fig. 15 is a perspective view of the filter element.

Fig. 16 is a plan sectional view of the switch assembly.

The labels in the figure are:

1-a shell; 11-a transmission cavity; 12-a housing flow channel; 121-oil outlet cavity; 122-an oil outlet pump; 13-an inflow chamber; 131-a filter element; 132-a sealing ring; 14-a first bearing cavity; 141-rolling bearings; 15-a second bearing cavity; 151-sliding bearing; 16-a sealing strip;

2-a first shell; 21-a first flow chamber; 22-first assembly groove.

3-an intermediate shell; 31-an intermediate flow chamber; 32-intermediate assembly groove.

4-a second shell; 41-a second flow chamber; 42-a second assembly groove; 43-a switch assembly; 431-an arc-shaped slot; 432-a contact element; 433-rolling balls.

5-a transmission mechanism; 51-a mounting table; 511-axle mounting holes; 52-gear flow path; 53-drainage tube.

6-an input shaft; 61-input gear.

7-a transmission shaft; 71-a first transfer gear; 72-second drive gear.

8-an output shaft; 81-output gear.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout, are exemplary only for explaining the present invention, and are not construed as limiting the present invention.

In describing the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms: the terms center, longitudinal, lateral, length, width, thickness, up, down, front, back, left, right, vertical, horizontal, top, bottom, inside, outside, clockwise, counterclockwise, and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms: first, second, etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features shown. In describing the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms: mounting, connecting, etc. should be understood broadly, and those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the terms in this application as they pertain to the particular situation.

Refer to fig. 1 to 16.

The speed reducer for the electric automobile comprises a shell 1 and a transmission mechanism 5, wherein a transmission cavity 11 is formed in the shell 1, and the transmission mechanism 5 is assembled in the transmission cavity 11. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

a casing 1 flow channel 12 is arranged in the casing 1 corresponding to the gear surface of the transmission cavity 11, an oil outlet cavity 121 is arranged above the gear meshing surface of the casing 1 flow channel 12, and an oil outlet pump 122 is arranged in the oil outlet cavity 121. The oil outlet pump 122 is a gear pump, and has a simple structure and reliable operation. Casing 1 runner 12 is equipped with inflow chamber 13 in the side below of gear face, inflow chamber 13 is used for installing and strains piece 131, it is equipped with sealing washer 132 on the piece 131 to strain, it realizes the assembly through screw-thread fit with inflow chamber 13 to strain piece 131, guarantees can not the oil leak, and conveniently strains the change of piece 131. A plurality of first bearing cavities 14 used for installing rolling bearings 141 are arranged in the shell 1, and second bearing cavities 15 are sleeved outside the first bearing cavities 14.

The gear of the transmission mechanism 5 is provided with an installation platform 51, and the center of the installation platform 51 is provided with a shaft installation hole 511. The gears are provided with radially distributed gear runners 52 along the center of the shaft mounting hole 511. One end of the gear flow passage 52 is arranged on the mounting table 51, and the port faces the first bearing cavity 14 of the side wall of the shell 1. The other end of the gear flow passage 52 is provided on the gear side. The mounting table 51 is further fitted with a draft tube 53, and the other end of the draft tube 53 is fitted in the second bearing cavity 15 of the housing 1 through a sliding bearing 151.

Specifically, the transmission mechanism 5 includes an input shaft 6, a transmission shaft 7, and an output shaft 8. The input shaft 6 is fitted with an input gear 61. The transmission shaft 7 is provided with a first transmission gear 71 and a second transmission gear 73. The output shaft 8 is fitted with an output gear 81. The input shaft 6, the transmission shaft 7 and the output shaft 8 are mounted in the first bearing chamber 14 by means of rolling bearings 141. The input gear 61 is meshed with the first transmission gear 71, and the second transmission gear 73 is meshed with the output gear 81. The gear flow passage 52 of the input gear 61 and the output gear 81 is T-shaped, and one end of the gear flow passage 52 on the mounting table 51 is a through hole, so that the lubricating oil can flow out from both ends of the through hole. The gear flow passage 52 of the first transmission gear 71 and the second transmission gear 73 is L-shaped so that the lubricating oil can flow out from one end in the direction toward the first bearing chamber 14.

Specifically, the housing 1 includes a first housing 2, an intermediate housing 3, and a second housing 4, and the first housing 2, the intermediate housing 3, and the second housing 4 are fixed to each other by screw assembly. The middle shell 3 is provided with middle flow cavities 31 at two sides, and the first shell 2 and the second shell 4 are respectively provided with corresponding first flow cavities 21 and second flow cavities 41 corresponding to the middle flow cavities 31. The intermediate flow chamber 31, the first flow chamber 21 and the second flow chamber 41 are assembled to form the flow passage 12 of the housing 1, which is beneficial to reducing the manufacturing difficulty. The sealing strips 16 are assembled on the upper surfaces of the first flow chamber 21 and the second flow chamber 41 and are assembled with the middle flow chamber 31 to realize sealing, so that the inside of the flow passage 12 of the shell 1 is sealed and oil leakage is avoided. The middle assembling grooves 32 are formed in two sides of the middle shell 3, and the first shell 2 and the second shell 4 are respectively provided with corresponding first assembling grooves 22 and second assembling grooves 42 corresponding to the middle assembling grooves 32; the middle assembly groove 32, the first assembly groove 22 and the second assembly groove 42 are assembled to form the inflow cavity 13, and manufacturing difficulty is reduced. The inflow chambers 13 are provided on both sides of the casing 1, respectively, and can ensure smooth flow of the lubricating oil circuit in the casing 1 when the reduction gear is in an inclined state.

In this application, a switch assembly 43 is further disposed in the second casing 4, and the switch assembly 43 is connected to the oil outlet pump 122; the switch assembly 43 comprises an arc-shaped groove 431, contact elements 432 are arranged at two ends of the arc-shaped groove 431, and a ball 433 is assembled in the arc-shaped groove 431 in a sliding mode, so that the oil pump 122 can work only when the vehicle runs under the limit working condition, and the energy conservation is facilitated. When the speed reducer is in an inclined state of an extreme condition, the ball 433 rolls to either end of the arc-shaped groove 431 to contact the contact element 432, the oil outlet pump 122 is started to work, and the lubricating oil starts to circulate.

The scope of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the above embodiments, and the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and any alterations, modifications, and improvements that may occur to those skilled in the art are all within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reducer for an electric automobile comprises a shell (1) and a transmission mechanism (5), wherein a transmission cavity (11) is arranged in the shell (1), the transmission mechanism (5) is assembled in the transmission cavity (11),

a casing (1) flow channel (12) is arranged in the casing (1) in a surrounding mode corresponding to the gear surface of the transmission cavity (11), an oil outlet cavity (121) is arranged above the gear meshing surface of the casing (1) flow channel (12), and an oil outlet pump (122) is installed in the oil outlet cavity (121); an inflow cavity (13) is arranged below the side of the gear surface of the flow channel (12) of the shell (1), and the inflow cavity (13) is used for installing a filter element (131); a plurality of first bearing cavities (14) for mounting bearings are arranged in the shell (1), and second bearing cavities (15) are sleeved outside the first bearing cavities (14);

a gear of the transmission mechanism (5) is provided with an installation platform (51), and the center of the installation platform (51) is provided with a shaft installation hole (511); the gear is provided with gear runners (52) distributed in a radial shape along the center of the shaft mounting hole (511), one end of each gear runner (52) is arranged on the mounting table (51), and the port of each gear runner faces the direction of the first bearing cavity (14) on the side wall of the shell (1); the other end of the gear runner (52) is arranged on the side surface of the gear; the mounting table (51) is also provided with a drainage tube (53), and the other end of the drainage tube (53) is arranged in a second bearing cavity (15) of the shell (1) through a bearing.

2. Reducer for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that said transmission mechanism (5) comprises an input shaft (6), a transmission shaft (7) and an output shaft (8); an input gear (61) is assembled on the input shaft (6); a first transmission gear (71) and a second transmission gear (72) are assembled on the transmission shaft (7); an output gear (81) is assembled on the output shaft (8); the input shaft (6), the transmission shaft (7) and the output shaft (8) are arranged in a first bearing cavity (14) through bearings.

3. A reducer for electric vehicles according to claim 2, wherein said input gear (61) is engaged with said first transmission gear (71), and said second transmission gear (72) is engaged with said output gear (81).

4. The reducer for electric automobile according to claim 3, wherein the gear flow passage (52) on the input gear (61) and the output gear (81) is T-shaped, and one end of the gear flow passage (52) on the mounting table (51) is a through hole; the gear flow passage (52) of the first transmission gear (71) and the second transmission gear (72) is L-shaped.

5. The reducer for the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein the housing (1) comprises a first shell (2), an intermediate shell (3) and a second shell (4), and the first shell (2), the intermediate shell (3) and the second shell (4) are fixed through thread assembly; two sides of the middle shell (3) are provided with middle flow cavities (31), and the first shell (2) and the second shell (4) are respectively provided with a corresponding first flow cavity (21) and a corresponding second flow cavity (41) corresponding to the middle flow cavities (31); the middle flow cavity (31), the first flow cavity (21) and the second flow cavity (41) are assembled to form a flow passage (12) of the shell (1).

6. A reducer for electric vehicles according to claim 5, wherein the first flow chamber (21) and the second flow chamber (41) are fitted with sealing strips (16) on their upper surfaces to seal with the intermediate flow chamber (31).

7. A reducer for electric vehicles according to claim 6, wherein the intermediate housing (3) is provided with intermediate fitting grooves (32) on both sides, and the first housing (2) and the second housing (4) are provided with corresponding first fitting grooves (22) and second fitting grooves (42) corresponding to the intermediate fitting grooves (32), respectively; the middle assembly groove (32) is assembled with the first assembly groove (22) and the second assembly groove (42) to form an inflow cavity (13).

8. The reducer for electric vehicles according to claim 1, wherein a switch assembly (43) is provided in the second housing (4), the switch assembly (43) is connected to an oil pump (122); the switch assembly (43) comprises an arc-shaped groove (431), contact elements (432) are arranged at two ends of the arc-shaped groove (431), and a ball (433) is assembled in the arc-shaped groove (431) in a sliding mode.

9. A reducer for electric vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the filter member (131) is provided with a packing (132).

10. The reducer for electric vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the oil outlet pump (122) is a gear pump.