CN113756758A - Power self-sufficient natural gas hydrate exploitation and geological restoration integrated system - Google Patents
Power self-sufficient natural gas hydrate exploitation and geological restoration integrated system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113756758A CN113756758A CN202111048493.2A CN202111048493A CN113756758A CN 113756758 A CN113756758 A CN 113756758A CN 202111048493 A CN202111048493 A CN 202111048493A CN 113756758 A CN113756758 A CN 113756758A
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- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 claims 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- -1 natural gas hydrates Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013000 chemical inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011549 displacement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/0099—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
- E21B43/243—Combustion in situ
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
- E21B43/36—Underwater separating arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
- F02C6/06—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output providing compressed gas
- F02C6/08—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output providing compressed gas the gas being bled from the gas-turbine compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
- F02C6/10—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output supplying working fluid to a user, e.g. a chemical process, which returns working fluid to a turbine of the plant
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power self-sufficient natural gas hydrate exploitation and geological restoration integrated system, which comprises: the power mechanism is used for providing power for the system; the mining device is connected with the first end of the power mechanism and used for pyrolyzing the seabed natural gas hydrate and decomposing the seabed natural gas hydrate into gas; a gas separation unit having an outlet connected at a first end to the offshore drilling vessel for storage of natural gas; the second end of the outlet of the power mechanism is connected with the power mechanism to supply natural gas for the power mechanism; the invention relates to a geological restoration device, which adopts a jet pyrolysis method to exploit natural gas hydrates, has high exploitation efficiency, only needs to separate and collect gas when collecting methane, can realize self-supply of power, and a compressor compresses the gas generated after methane combustion to restore seabed geology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of natural gas hydrate exploitation, in particular to a power self-sufficient type natural gas hydrate exploitation and geological restoration integrated system.
Background
Natural gas hydrate is a solid crystal formed by natural gas and water under certain conditions, and is called as "combustible ice" because the natural gas hydrate has a white appearance, can be combusted, and has a texture similar to that of ice. The formation conditions of combustible ice are very harsh, and require conditions of higher pressure and lower temperature, so that the combustible ice often exists in inland alpine frozen soil layers and deep seabed. According to detection, combustible ice with abundant reserves exists in the global scope, and the predicament of global energy shortage can be greatly relieved if the combustible ice can be exploited in a large scale. Because the combustible ice is easy to decompose at normal temperature and normal pressure to generate methane gas, if the exploitation scheme is unscientific, the methane gas generated by the decomposition of the combustible ice is easy to diffuse into the atmosphere to cause serious greenhouse effect, and simultaneously, the seabed collapse is possible to cause geological disasters.
For the problems related to the exploitation of natural gas hydrate, a great deal of research has been carried out at home and abroad, and a heat injection method, a depressurization method and CO are proposed2Displacement method, chemical inhibitor injection method and solid fluidization method which is provided by scholars in China aiming at the characteristics of natural gas hydrate reservoirs in south China sea. The research shows that: serious problems still exist in the various natural gas hydrate exploitation technologies, which restrict the commercial exploitation process of the natural gas hydrate: the heat injection method has the problems of high energy consumption, low mining efficiency and the like at present; the depressurization method has the phenomenon that the reservoir temperature is easily too low in the mining process, so that icing or secondary generation of hydrate is caused, and the phenomenon is causedClogging of the permeation path, affecting the mining efficiency; CO 22The existing replacement method has the disadvantages of low replacement efficiency, harsh conditions required by replacement and CO2The oil easily permeates into a production well, so that a new separation problem is caused; the solid-state fluidization method has the problems of serious sand production, how to pump high-density fluidized solids and the like at present; the chemical inhibitor injection method has a problem of requiring a large resource cost. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new mining concept for solving the problems of the mining method, so as to avoid destroying the ecological environment while ensuring stable and efficient mining, and realize safe and efficient mining of the seabed combustible ice.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a power self-sufficient natural gas hydrate exploitation and geological restoration integrated system, which improves the exploitation efficiency of natural gas hydrates under the condition of ensuring that the environmental ecology is not damaged, and realizes safe, efficient and controllable exploitation of seabed natural gas hydrates by simultaneously exploiting seabed hydrates and restoring a reservoir.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a power self-sufficient natural gas hydrate mining and geological restoration integrated system, comprising:
the power mechanism is used for providing power for the system;
the mining device is connected with the first end of the power mechanism and used for pyrolyzing the seabed natural gas hydrate and decomposing the seabed natural gas hydrate into gas;
a gas separation unit having an outlet connected at a first end to the offshore drilling vessel for storage of natural gas; the second end of the outlet of the power mechanism is connected with the power mechanism so as to supply natural gas to the power mechanism;
the geological restoration device is driven by the power mechanism and connected with the second end of the power mechanism so as to cool and pressurize combustion tail gas of the power mechanism for restoration of a natural gas hydrate reservoir;
the mining device includes: the gas separation device is arranged on one side of the jet flow spray head.
Preferably, an outlet of the gas separation device is connected with a first end of an electromagnetic flow valve, a second end of the electromagnetic flow valve is connected with the offshore drilling ship, and a third end of the electromagnetic flow valve is connected with the power mechanism.
Preferably, the power mechanism includes: and the first end of the output end of the gas turbine is connected with the jet pump, and the second end of the output end of the gas turbine is connected with the multistage heat exchanger.
Preferably, the first end of the input end of the gas turbine is connected with the offshore drilling ship through an oxygen conveying pipeline, the offshore drilling ship conveys oxygen to the first end of the input end of the gas turbine along the oxygen conveying pipeline, and the third end of the electromagnetic flow valve is connected with the second end of the input end of the gas turbine so as to supply natural gas to the gas turbine.
Preferably, the multistage heat exchanger includes a first-stage heat exchanger, a second-stage heat exchanger and a third-stage heat exchanger, the first-stage heat exchanger, the second-stage heat exchanger and the third-stage heat exchanger are sequentially connected in series, the third-stage heat exchanger is respectively connected with the second end of the output end of the gas turbine and the jet pump, and the first end of the first-stage heat exchanger is connected with the filtering and separating device.
Preferably, the geological restoration device comprises a compressor, the compressor is connected with the second end of the primary heat exchanger, and an outlet of the compressor is connected to the natural gas hydrate reservoir through a first pipeline.
Preferably, the second end and the third end of the output end of the gas turbine are respectively connected with the jet pump and the compressor through a mechanical transmission device.
Preferably, the mechanical transmission device comprises a first transmission mechanism and a second transmission mechanism, the second end of the output end of the gas turbine is connected with the jet pump through the first transmission mechanism, and the third end of the output end of the gas turbine is connected with the compressor through the second transmission mechanism.
Preferably, the gas turbine is connected with a control mechanism to realize the control of the strength, direction and duration of the jet flow.
Preferably, the integrated system is arranged in a submarine protection net.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the natural gas hydrate is mined by adopting the jet pyrolysis method, so that on one hand, combustible ice can be crushed to be fully mixed and decomposed with hot water, and on the other hand, seawater has higher speed by adopting high-speed jet, the jetted hot seawater can reach a farther distance, and the problems of small mining range and low mining efficiency in the traditional heat injection method can be effectively avoided;
2. the system only needs to separate and collect gas when collecting methane, thereby avoiding the difficult problem of gas-liquid-solid three-phase separation by a solid fluidization method and simultaneously solving the difficulty of conveying a high-density fluidized solid mixture;
3. the invention utilizes the energy generated by methane combustion to greatly avoid the dependence on external energy input, realizes power self-sufficiency and provides possibility for large-scale continuous commercial exploitation;
4. according to the invention, carbon dioxide generated after methane combustion is compressed and pressurized and then injected into the natural gas hydrate reservoir to carry out seabed repair work.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are an embodiment of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts according to the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a power self-contained natural gas hydrate mining and geological restoration integrated system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: the system comprises a natural gas hydrate storage layer 1, a natural gas hydrate storage layer 2, a primary heat exchanger 3, a secondary heat exchanger 4, a tertiary heat exchanger 5, a compressor 6, a seabed small gas turbine 7, a mechanical transmission device 8, an oxygen conveying pipeline 9, an offshore drilling ship 10, a methane conveying pipeline 11, a seabed protective net 11, an electromagnetic flow valve 12, a jet pump 13, a jet spray head 14, a filtering and separating device 15 and a gas separator 16.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to fig. 1 and the detailed description of the present invention. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all used in a non-precise scale for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly aiding in the description of the embodiments of the present invention. To make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, reference is made to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the implementation conditions of the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention.
In view of the defects of the existing natural gas hydrate method, the exploitation efficiency of the natural gas hydrate is improved under the condition of ensuring that the environmental ecology is not damaged, the reservoir restoration is considered while the sea hydrate is exploited, and the safe, efficient and controllable exploitation of the sea floor natural gas hydrate is realized, the embodiment provides a power self-sufficient natural gas hydrate exploitation and geological restoration integrated system, which comprises the following steps:
the power mechanism is used for providing power for the system;
the mining device is connected with the first end of the power mechanism and used for pyrolyzing the seabed natural gas hydrate and decomposing the seabed natural gas hydrate into gas;
a gas separation unit, the first end of its outlet being connected to an offshore drilling vessel 9 for storage of natural gas; the second end of the outlet of the power mechanism is connected with the power mechanism to supply natural gas for the power mechanism;
the gas separation means comprises a gas separator 16.
The geological restoration device is driven by the power mechanism and connected with the second end of the power mechanism so as to cool and pressurize combustion tail gas of the power mechanism for restoration of the natural gas hydrate reservoir stratum 1;
the mining device includes: set up in filtering separation device 15 in natural gas hydrate reservoir 1, with filtering the multistage heat exchanger that separation device 15 connects, with the jet pump 13 that multistage heat exchanger connects the exit linkage of jet pump 13 has jet spray 14, jet spray 14 set up in natural gas hydrate reservoir 1 department, gas separation device set up in jet spray 14 one side adopts the hot water efflux to carry out the pyrolysis to seabed natural gas hydrate, directly decomposes combustible ice into gas, directly collects gas, avoids silt to block up.
The outlet of the gas separation device is connected with the first end of an electromagnetic flow valve 12, the second end of the electromagnetic flow valve 12 is connected with the offshore drilling ship 9 through a methane conveying pipeline 10, and the third end of the electromagnetic flow valve 12 is connected with the power mechanism.
The power mechanism comprises: and the first end of the output end of the gas turbine 6 is connected with the jet pump 13, and the second end of the output end of the gas turbine 6 is connected with the multistage heat exchanger.
The first end of the input end of the gas turbine 6 is connected with the offshore drilling ship 9 through an oxygen conveying pipeline 8, the offshore drilling ship 9 conveys oxygen to the first end of the input end of the gas turbine 6 along the oxygen conveying pipeline 8, and the third end of the electromagnetic flow valve 12 is connected with the second end of the input end of the gas turbine 6 so as to supply natural gas for the gas turbine 6.
The multistage heat exchanger comprises a first-stage heat exchanger 2, a second-stage heat exchanger 3 and a third-stage heat exchanger 4, the first-stage heat exchanger 2, the second-stage heat exchanger 3 and the third-stage heat exchanger 4 are sequentially connected in series, the third-stage heat exchanger 4 is respectively connected with the second end of the output end of the gas turbine 6 and the jet pump 13, and the first end of the first-stage heat exchanger 2 is connected with the filtering and separating device 15.
The geological restoration device comprises a compressor 5, wherein the compressor 5 is connected with the second end of the first-stage heat exchanger 2, an outlet of the compressor 5 is connected to the natural gas hydrate reservoir 1 through a first pipeline, a seabed small gas turbine 6 is adopted to drive a jet pump 13 to generate high-pressure jet flow, and meanwhile, the compressor 5 is driven to pressurize tail gas of the gas turbine 6 after three-stage cooling so as to achieve the temperature and pressure conditions for injecting the tail gas into the reservoir.
And the second end and the third end of the output end of the gas turbine 6 are respectively connected with the jet pump 13 and the compressor 5 through a mechanical transmission device 7.
The mechanical transmission device 7 comprises a first transmission mechanism and a second transmission mechanism, the second end of the output end of the gas turbine 6 is connected with the jet pump 13 through the first transmission mechanism, and the third end of the output end of the gas turbine 6 is connected with the compressor 5 through the second transmission mechanism.
The gas turbine 6 is connected with a control mechanism to realize the control of the strength, direction and duration of the jet flow and avoid natural gas leakage and reservoir collapse caused by excessive pyrolysis.
The integrated system is arranged in a submarine protective net 11.
The system proposed by the embodiment is composed of a seabed small-sized gas turbine 6, a multistage heat exchanger, a compressor 5, a jet pump 13, a gas separator 16, an electromagnetic flow valve 12, a mechanical transmission device 7 and corresponding pipelines. The natural gas hydrate is subjected to jet flow crushing, thermal decomposition and then separation in a gas separation device, the separated natural gas is shunted by an electromagnetic flow valve 12, most of the natural gas is conveyed to an offshore platform for storage through a pipeline, and a small part of the natural gas enters a seabed gas turbine 6 for combustion and work doing, on one hand, the gas turbine 6 does work to driveThe jet pump 13 works, the seawater in the reservoir is pumped by the jet pump 13, heated by the three-stage waste heat exchanger and then enters the reservoir again in a high-pressure jet mode, so that the natural gas hydrate is crushed and pyrolyzed; on the other hand, the gas turbine 6 works to drive the compressor 5 to work through the mechanical transmission device 7, and the compressor 5 cools the combustion products (the main component is CO) cooled by the multi-stage heat exchanger2、H2O) performing compression and pressurization treatment to make the gas hydrate reservoir reach the condition of injecting into the reservoir, so that the gas hydrate reservoir 1 after the production is repaired.
In the embodiment, when the mining starts, a part of reservoir seawater is extracted by a jet pump 13, filtered and separated by a filtering and separating device 15 and then sequentially passes through a primary heat exchanger 2 and a secondary heat exchanger 3 and a tertiary heat exchanger 4, at the moment, the pressure of a natural gas hydrate reservoir is reduced due to the extraction of seawater, the natural gas hydrate can begin to decompose to generate methane, the generated methane is separated by a gas separating device 16 and then is shunted by an electromagnetic flow valve 12, most of the methane is directly sent to an offshore drilling ship 9 along a methane conveying pipeline 10 to be collected, a small part of the methane enters a seabed small gas turbine 6, meanwhile, the offshore drilling ship 9 conveys oxygen to the seabed small gas turbine 6 along an oxygen conveying pipeline 8, and the methane and the oxygen are fully mixed in the seabed small gas turbine 6 and then are combusted, expanded and do work. After the seabed small gas turbine 6 works, the compressor 5 and the jet pump 13 are driven by the mechanical transmission device 7, and the jet pump 13 pressurizes the seawater heated by the primary heat exchanger 2, the secondary heat exchanger 3 and the tertiary heat exchanger 4, so that the seawater enters the reservoir again in a high-pressure jet mode, and the natural gas hydrate is crushed and pyrolyzed; the compressor compresses and pressurizes combustion tail gas cooled by the first-stage heat exchanger 2, the second-stage heat exchanger 3 and the third-stage heat exchanger 4, the combustion tail gas is injected into the reservoir to repair the reservoir after the combustion tail gas reaches the condition of being injected into the reservoir, and therefore the circulating exploitation and repair work of the natural gas hydrate is completed, meanwhile, in order to avoid influences on seabed organisms in the seabed exploitation process, all equipment in the system is isolated through the seabed protection net 11, all the equipment work in the seabed protection net 11, and influences of exploitation on seabed ecology are greatly reduced.
In summary, the present embodiment is implemented by heating seawaterInjecting the compressed natural gas hydrate into the natural gas hydrate reservoir 1 in a high-speed jet flow mode, wherein jet flow temperature, jet flow angle and jet flow speed parameters can be regulated and controlled according to the characteristics of the natural gas hydrate reservoir. The jet pyrolysis method can be used for crushing combustible ice to enable the combustible ice to be fully mixed and decomposed with hot water, and the high-speed jet is used for enabling the seawater to have higher speed, so that the ejected hot seawater can reach a farther place, and the problems of small exploitation range and low exploitation efficiency in the traditional heat injection method can be effectively solved. The system described in this embodiment only needs to separate and collect gas when collecting methane, thus avoiding the difficult problem of gas-liquid-solid three-phase separation by solid fluidization method and solving the difficulty of conveying high-density fluidized solid mixture. The system of the embodiment enables part of methane to be combusted at the seabed, and the combustion power can be regulated and controlled by changing the flow of methane and oxygen according to the characteristics of a reservoir. Meanwhile, the dependence on external energy input is greatly avoided by utilizing the energy generated by methane combustion, the power autonomy is realized, and the possibility is provided for large-scale continuous commercial exploitation. The embodiment utilizes methane combustion for energy supply, on one hand, the energy source can be used for exploitation, and on the other hand, the product obtained by combustion is CO2And H2O, which not only has the advantages of green, harmlessness and sustainability, but also can lead the product CO2The compressed and pressurized gas is injected into a reservoir to repair the submarine reservoir, so that the methane can be used in hundreds of percent.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "height," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A power self-sufficient natural gas hydrate exploitation and geological restoration integrated system is characterized by comprising:
the power mechanism is used for providing power for the system;
the mining device is connected with the first end of the power mechanism and used for pyrolyzing the seabed natural gas hydrate and decomposing the seabed natural gas hydrate into gas;
a gas separation unit having an outlet connected at a first end to the offshore drilling vessel for storage of natural gas; the second end of the outlet of the power mechanism is connected with the power mechanism so as to supply natural gas to the power mechanism;
the geological restoration device is driven by the power mechanism and connected with the second end of the power mechanism so as to cool and pressurize combustion tail gas of the power mechanism for restoration of a natural gas hydrate reservoir;
the mining device includes: the gas separation device is arranged on one side of the jet flow spray head.
2. The integrated, powered, self-contained natural gas hydrate production and geological remediation system of claim 1 wherein the outlet of the gas separation means is connected to a first end of an electromagnetic flow valve, a second end of the electromagnetic flow valve being connected to the offshore drilling vessel, and a third end of the electromagnetic flow valve being connected to the power means.
3. The integrated, self-contained, powered natural gas hydrate mining and geological remediation system of claim 2 wherein the powered means comprises: and the first end of the output end of the gas turbine is connected with the jet pump, and the second end of the output end of the gas turbine is connected with the multistage heat exchanger.
4. The integrated, self-contained power natural gas hydrate production and geological remediation system of claim 3 wherein the first end of the gas turbine input is connected to the offshore drilling vessel by an oxygen transfer line, the offshore drilling vessel transferring oxygen along the oxygen transfer line to the first end of the gas turbine input, and the third end of the electromagnetic flow valve is connected to the second end of the gas turbine input to supply natural gas to the gas turbine.
5. The power self-contained natural gas hydrate mining and geological remediation integrated system of claim 2, wherein the multi-stage heat exchanger comprises a primary heat exchanger, a secondary heat exchanger and a tertiary heat exchanger, the primary heat exchanger, the secondary heat exchanger and the tertiary heat exchanger are connected in series, the tertiary heat exchanger is connected to the second end of the gas turbine output and the jet pump, respectively, and the first end of the primary heat exchanger is connected to the filtering and separating device.
6. The integrated power self-contained gas hydrate production and geological remediation system of claim 5 wherein the geological remediation device comprises a compressor connected to the second end of the primary heat exchanger, the outlet of the compressor being connected to the gas hydrate reservoir by a first conduit.
7. The integrated power self-contained natural gas hydrate production and geological remediation system of claim 6 wherein the second and third gas turbine output terminals are connected to the jet pump and the compressor, respectively, through mechanical transmissions.
8. The integrated power self-contained natural gas hydrate mining and geological remediation system of claim 7 wherein the mechanical transmission comprises a first transmission and a second transmission, the second end of the gas turbine output is connected to the jet pump through the first transmission, and the third end of the gas turbine output is connected to the compressor through the second transmission.
9. The integrated power self-contained gas hydrate production and geological recovery system of claim 8 wherein control mechanisms are coupled to the gas turbine to effect control of jet intensity, direction and duration.
10. The integrated, powered, self-contained natural gas hydrate mining and geological remediation system of claim 1 wherein the integrated system is disposed within a subsea containment grid.
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Application publication date: 20211207 |