CN102817596A - Ocean combustible ice mining device and method - Google Patents
Ocean combustible ice mining device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102817596A CN102817596A CN2012103232270A CN201210323227A CN102817596A CN 102817596 A CN102817596 A CN 102817596A CN 2012103232270 A CN2012103232270 A CN 2012103232270A CN 201210323227 A CN201210323227 A CN 201210323227A CN 102817596 A CN102817596 A CN 102817596A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ocean combustible ice mining method and a mining device adopted by the same. According to the ocean combustible ice mining method, a device for mining combustible ice through heating concentrated saline water is adopted, and heat for heating a combustible ice storage layer is provided by heating the concentrated saline water. The ocean combustible ice mining method is energy-saving and environment-friendly, remarkable in economic benefit, is free from emission and pollution in a mining process, energy-saving and consumption-reducing; and the ocean combustible ice mining device is relatively sample in structure, convenient to use, lower in production cost and convenient for popularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of exploitation method of combustible ice, particularly relate to a kind of method of exploiting the seabed combustible ice, with and the quarrying apparatus that adopts.
Background technology
Gas hydrates are claimed " combustible ice " again; It is a kind of solid matter that under high pressure, cryogenic conditions, mixes by water and natural gas; The appearance utmost point is as ice and snow or solid alcohol, and meeting fire is incendivity, has easy to use, characteristics such as fuel value is high, cleanliness without any pollution; Combustible ice is the strategic resource that has the business development prospect 21 century as " back oil for " first-selected alternative energy source.In China, as important novel energy mineral reserve in future---" combustible ice " will be brought ENERGY PLANNING first into.On March 15th, 2011, combustible ice is included the planning of " 12 " energy development in, accelerates to strengthen exploration and scientific research, so that be that following development and use lay the foundation.
No matter be Ministry of Land and Resources, or National Energy Board, all day by day clear and definite to the attitude of combustible ice.As a kind of novel energy, it more is to lay particular emphasis on exploration and scientific research that combustible ice is included the planning of " 12 " energy development in.The chief engineer of Ministry of Land and Resources Zhang Hongtao was once introduced to the reporter; Gas hydrates are claimed " combustible ice " again; Be a kind of solid matter that under high pressure, cryogenic conditions, is mixed by water and natural gas, the appearance utmost point is as ice and snow or solid alcohol, and meeting fire is incendivity; Having easy to use, characteristics such as fuel value is high, cleanliness without any pollution, is the still undeveloped maximum novel energy of generally acknowledging.During 2011 the whole nation " two Conferences ", the deputy bureau director Qian Zhimin of National Energy Board reveals that to medium gas hydrates will obtain embodying in energy development planning.And also clearly expression of Chinese mineral resources authoritative sources, in " 12 " ENERGY PLANNING, combustible ice will be by included as a kind of novel resource." the combustible ice exploration and development is a system engineering, relates to a plurality of subjects such as Marine Geology, geophysics, geochemistry, hydrodynamics, drilling project." expert of Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Bureau says, carries out combustible ice exploration and development research energetically, can drive the related industry development, forms new growth engines.The sea bed gas hydrate aboundresources, the exploration production technique at its upper reaches can be used for reference conventional gas and oil, and technology such as the natural gas transportation in downstream, use are all very ripe.Therefore; Strengthen the gas hydrates research and appraisal and be carrying out and implementing the important measures of the strategy of sustainable development that the Party Central Committee, State Council confirms, also be exploitation China 21st century new forms of energy, improve energy resource structure, strengthen overall national strength and international competitiveness, the important channel of assurance economic security.
Combustible ice is mainly contained under seabed, land permafrost band, is that the little molecule of natural gas is used the white solid state crystalline material that forms with water under certain condition mutually.Because the self-characteristic of combustible ice, its exploitation with the conventional traditional energy is different.Such as, coal is solid under mine, is still solid after the exploitation; Oil is still fluid at underground fluid after the exploitation.And combustible ice under seabed, the dark permanent freezing layer in land, to manage when hiding be solid, molecular configuration changes in recovery process, becomes gas from solid.In other words, phase transformation has taken place in combustible ice in recovery process.
Comprehensive various countries can be divided into two big types substantially to the combustible ice development technique: one type is underground decomposition exploitation; Another kind of is to decompose exploitation on the ground.
Underground decomposition exploitation is the activities with reference to oil exploitation; At first in the stratum, bore and form pit shaft; Consider how to break artificially the temperature, pressure condition of combustible ice stable existence then; The combustible ice that to contain in the deposit under seabed, land permafrost band decomposes, and combustible ice or CNG is adopted to ground at last again.Mainly comprise;
1. heating; Be that steam, hot water, hot salt brine or other hot fluid are pumped into the combustible ice reservoir from ground, impel temperature to rise and reach the decomposition of combustible ice.
2. voltage drop method; Be through reducing moving of phase equilibrium line that pressure causes that combustible ice is stable, thereby reach the order ground that impels combustible ice to decompose.
3. chemical agent method; After chemical agents such as salt solution, methyl alcohol, ethanol are pumped into the stratum from wellhole, can change the phase balance condition that combustible ice forms, reduce the combustible ice equilibrium temperature, cause the decomposition of combustible ice.
For underground decomposition exploitation, because the instability of continental slope, the pipeline of laying is very long, be easy to form reason such as hydrate obstruction in the pipeline, can produce certain technology and economic problems.Meanwhile, various production techniques all have the limitation of itself more than.As: there is the big and inefficient problem of heat waste in heating; There is the slow problem of exploitation rate in voltage drop method; There is the problem of expensive in the chemical agent method, or the like like that.More than these factors, all might make people be difficult to utilize this means to exploit the combustible ice resource.
For another kind of combustible ice development technique, decompose exploitation on the ground and be meant under the situation that combustible ice is decomposed, be transported to combustible ice and decompose exploitation on the land.A new combustible ice development approach is pack a kind of expandable soft airbag (its inner combustible ice that keeps is stablized needed temperature and pressure condition) in deep-sea combustible ice granulating or with combustible ice in.Haul near the shallow water area the continental shelf to combustible ice with submarine again.Combustible ice can decompose, produce CNG and water lentamente there.
Perhaps can develop a kind of additive from now on, combustible ice can be stablized under lower pressure and higher temperature.If can accomplish these, combustible ice transports on traditional boats and ships that get up maybe be than the natural gas safety also of liquefaction.Though decompose some shortcomings that exploitation has overcome underground decomposition exploitation on the ground, only be a kind of planning also at present, also have many difficult problems to overcome, the actual mining site of distance is used also has suitable distance.
In sum, up to the present, also do not have a kind ofly can be used for exploiting the concrete of combustible ice and effective method.The method that present stage receives publicity has: injection hot water, reduction reservoir pressure, injecting inhibitor, injection can not form the gas of combustible ice.Actually put into production but still controversially have only the Russian Siberian Mai Suoya field of breathing out, it utilizes the method for step-down and injecting inhibitor to produce 20 years.Use from above each method, it is uneconomic only adopting a certain method to exploit combustible ice, has only to combine the advantage of distinct methods just can reach the economic exploitation to combustible ice.
In view of the foregoing; Ocean combustible ice exploitation; Be combustible ice under the ocean deepwater to be decomposed employed a kind of heating concentrate salt solution exploitation method for arranging; It has utilized through heating and has concentrated the device that salt solution is exploited combustible ice, and the heat of heating combustible ice reservoir concentrates salt solution by heating and provides.Combustible ice exploitation in ocean is to take into full account on the basis of decomposing exploitation and advantage of decomposing exploitation on the ground and deficiency seawater the depths under; A kind of economy that proposes, the method and the quarrying apparatus thereof of large scale mining ocean combustible ice efficiently are for combustible ice opens up a new way.
Summary of the invention
The several notions relevant (this content announces that by the authorization of national scientific and technical terminology validation board wherein English name/abbreviation defines with reference to this when following the appearance) with the present invention:
1, Chinese: gas hydrates
English name: natural gas hydrate; Gas hydrate
Other titles: combustible ice
Definition 1:
The class ice shape crystalline material that natural gas and water form under the high pressure low temperature condition.
Affiliated subject:
Ocean science (one-level subject); (secondary subject); Marine Geology, marine geophysics, ocean geography and estuary coast are learned (three grades of subjects).
Definition 2:
Be distributed in the halmeic deposit crystalline material of the class ice shape that under the high pressure low temperature condition, forms by natural gas and water.
Affiliated subject:
Resource science and technology (one-level subject); Marine resources are learned (secondary subject)
According to expert introduction, combustible ice is formed with three primary conditions, and is indispensable:
At first temperature can not be too high;
It is enough big that second pressure is wanted, but do not need too big; In the time of 0 ℃, just can generate more than 30 atmospheric pressure;
The 3rd, at the bottom of the ground source of the gas to be arranged.The restriction of required condition only was distributed in specific geographical position and the geological structure unit when combustible ice received its special nature and forms.
In general, except that the gas hydrates relevant with the permafrost band that occur at high latitude area, the gas hydrates of finding in the seabed exist below the depth of water 300～500m usually.By the temperature decision, in the time of 0 ℃, just can generate combustible ice more than 30 atmospheric pressure; By the temperature decision, in the time of 8-15 ℃, the above CNG (referring to definition 2) that just can generate of normal atmosphere (An).
2, Chinese: compressed natural gas
English name: Compressed Natural Gas
The English abbreviation: CNG
Affiliated classification: the energy, fuel, communications and transportation
Compressed natural gas (Compressed Natural Gas, be called for short CNG) is natural gas pressurization (above 3,600 pounds/square inch) and is stored in the container with gaseous state.It is identical with the component of pipe natural gas.
CNG can be used as the motor vehicle fuel utilization.
LNG can be used for making CNG, and this is that the vehicle of fuel is called NGV (Natural Gas Vehicle) with CNG.
3, Chinese; Liquefied natural gas;
English name: Liquefied Natural Gas
The English abbreviation: LNG
The LNG main component is a methane.Colourless, tasteless, the nontoxic and non-corrosiveness of LNG, its volume are about with 1/600 of amount gaseous natural gas volume, and the weight of LNG is merely with about 45% of water by volume, and calorific value is 52MMBtu/t (1MMBtu=2.52 * 10^8cal).The natural gas purification of earlier gas field being produced is handled, again through ultralow temperature (162 ℃) normal pressure liquefaction just formation liquefied natural gas.Critical-temperature between the LNG gas-liquid is-82.5 ℃, and the critical-temperature between liquid-solid is-186 ℃ ".LNG can be used for making CNG.Most common standard was 620 of an American Petroleum Institute (API) (API) during LNG made.
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, a kind of ocean combustible ice exploitation method and quarrying apparatus thereof are provided, it is economic, energy-conservation, efficient, safe combustible ice exploitation method and the device of a cover.For realizing above-mentioned purpose; The present invention provides the quarrying apparatus of two kinds of ocean combustible ice exploitation methods and employing thereof respectively; These two kinds of technical schemes all can be carried out effective exploitation of heavy industrialization to the ocean combustible ice, recovery process do not have efflux, non-environmental-pollution, energy-saving and cost-reducing.
In one embodiment, the invention provides a kind of ocean combustible ice exploitation method and quarrying apparatus thereof, the used production practice of this method is simple; Energy consumption is low, and is with low cost, and equipment needed thereby is normal pressure equipment except that the gas feed-line; Underwater engine equipment is few, and is simple to operate, easily is automated and Remote; Recovery process do not have efflux, non-environmental-pollution, it is on the base platform of sea, to decompose that combustible ice decomposes, hot water, steam are all used in decomposer; Need not go deep into seabed operation, be applicable to that ocean combustible ice technical scale melts to adopt.
This method comprises the steps:
1, construct recovery well, the prior art of application deepwater drilling technical field is constructed the recovery well that runs through bottom sediment layer and combustible ice reservoir and is extended through the combustible ice reservoir in the combustible ice metallogenic province.
2, set up the deep water rig on the marine production base of floating; Be drilled into flammable ice sheet;---mixture of silt---water---gas is transported to the marine production base of floating through setting up the CNG conduit between the tender platform of gas collection well to sea to adopt multiphase mixed transportation technology with combustible ice.
3, seawater heater; On the unsteady platform sea level, production base the seawater heater is installed at sea, heater does; The efficient super-energy-saving heater effect hydrogenant gas combustion-supporting multi-purpose superconducting heating boiler; 12 ℃-18 ℃ of seawater heating; Transport to flammable ice sheet through the hot water thermal insulating pipeline; The preliminary combustible ice that decomposes; The flammable ice sheet of sheet is decomposed into foreign material such as fritter and part gas, water, connects the CNG conduit through institute in the middle of flammable ice sheet to the marine production base platform that floats,---mixture of silt---water---gas is transported to the combustible ice cracker, and the seawater heater heats 12 ℃-18 ℃ with the sea and sends into combustible ice cracker heating pyrolyze with combustible ice.
Extract the higher seawater of temperature of ocean surface, the seawater of extraction is introduced into the seawater firing equipment and is heated, and gets into decomposer afterwards.Seawater firing equipment output can be hot water, also steam.In startup of seawater firing equipment and daily fuel do; " patent of invention; Application number; 200510088383.3 efficient super-energy-saving heater effect hydrogenant gas combustion-supporting multi-purpose superconducting heating boiler ".Be the core thermal source.Exploiting out behind the CNG subsequent usely to be second fuel, thereby realizes that fuel is self-supporting, significantly reduces the fuel transport amount from land.Seawater firing equipment output hot water or steam feed from the bottom of hydrate decomposition device; And the mixture of combustible ice that comes from the seabed and seawater is from the middle part or the top importing of combustible ice decomposer; Like this, combustible ice is suspended state decline after getting into decomposer, in the process that descends, is dissolved decomposition by higher seawater or the steam of temperature that comes from the bottom; Decompose the gas that produces and rise to the decomposer top, get into gas pipeline.
Combustible ice had both decomposited CNG gas, had also decomposited 7% fresh water simultaneously when decomposing, the top of decomposer is provided with outlet pipe, is used to discharge the fresh water that is produced when decomposing, and can get water-free CNG pure gas.The water inlet pipe of decomposer and outlet pipe can be roots at the most.In gas outlet, CNG delivery line road water capturing installation or other drying devices can be set, be used to remove the moisture of CNG, can get water-free CNG pure gas.
Accompanying drawing 1 is for being applicable to the structural representation and the fundamental diagram of the quarrying apparatus that above-mentioned ocean combustible ice exploitation method is used.
In another embodiment, the present invention also provides another kind of ocean combustible ice exploitation method and quarrying apparatus thereof:
The used production practice program of this ocean combustible ice exploitation method is many; Energy consumption is low, and is with low cost, and equipment needed thereby is normal pressure equipment except that the gas feed-line; Submarine pipeline is many; Underwater engine equipment is many, and thermal source need be delivered in the bottom or horizontal well of recovery well, and hot water or steam contact with combustible ice.Recovery process do not have efflux, non-environmental-pollution, be applicable to the exploitation of ocean combustible ice heavy industrialization.
This method comprises the steps:
1, constructs recovery well, horizontal well, collection well; Use the prior art of deepwater drilling technical field and construct recovery well and the gas collection well that runs through bottom sediment layer and combustible ice reservoir in the combustible ice metallogenic province; And set up the parallel interface channel between recovery well and the gas collection well, twin-well extends through the combustible ice reservoir.
2, set up the deep water rig on the marine production base of floating; Be drilled into flammable ice sheet;---mixture of silt---water---gas is transported to the marine production base of floating through setting up the CNG conduit between the tender platform of gas collection well to sea to adopt multiphase mixed transportation technology with combustible ice.
3, seawater heater; On the unsteady platform sea level, production base the seawater heater is installed at sea, heater does; The efficient super-energy-saving heater effect hydrogenant gas combustion-supporting multi-purpose superconducting heating boiler; 12 ℃-18 ℃ of seawater heating; Transport to flammable ice sheet through the hot water thermal insulating pipeline; The preliminary combustible ice that decomposes; The flammable ice sheet of sheet is decomposed into foreign material such as fritter and part gas, water, connects the CNG conduit through institute in the middle of flammable ice sheet to the marine production base platform that floats,---mixture of silt---water---gas is transported to the combustible ice cracker, and the seawater heater heats 12 ℃-18 ℃ with the sea and sends into combustible ice cracker heating pyrolyze with combustible ice.
4, hot sea water preparation: extract the higher seawater of temperature of ocean surface, the seawater of extraction is introduced into the seawater firing equipment and is heated, and gets into decomposer afterwards.Seawater firing equipment output can be hot water, also can be steam.When the seawater firing equipment opens, " patent of invention; Application number; 200510088383.3 efficient super-energy-saving heater effect hydrogenant gas combustion-supporting multi-purpose superconducting heating boiler " be the core thermal source.Second fuel is CNG, thereby realizes that fuel is self-supporting, significantly reduces the fuel transport amount from land.
In the bottom or horizontal well that the hot water of seawater firing equipment output or steam are delivered to recovery well; Hot water or steam contact combustible ice and are suspended state decline with combustible ice; In the process that descends, dissolved decomposition by higher seawater or the steam of temperature that comes from the bottom, the gas that decomposes generation rises to the gas collection well and collects.After the filter sand device filters out silt, get into gas pipeline.Be delivered to the production base, sea through pump, gas-liquid separator carries out gas-water separation.The top of separator is provided with outlet pipe, is used for draining.The water inlet pipe of decomposer and outlet pipe can be roots at the most.In gas outlet, natural gas delivery line road water capturing installation or other drying devices can be set, be used for removing the moisture of CNG.Isolated CNG gets into caisson, portion C NG supplies with sea tender energy consumption, and another part is delivered to land gasholder station through the CNG gas pipeline.Isolated water is as the recirculated water of seawater heater or directly discharging.
Accompanying drawing 2 is for being applicable to the structural representation and the fundamental diagram of the quarrying apparatus that above-mentioned ocean combustible ice exploitation method is used.
Two kinds of ocean combustible ice exploitation methods provided by the invention compared with prior art have the following advantages:
1, technical performance is superior:
Utilize concentrated seawater to be thermal source (salt content of hot salt brine is 7～20%, preferred 10～15%, the temperature of hot salt brine is 8～30 ℃, preferred 12～18 ℃) exploitation combustible ice conducting system.Thermal source is produced by the combustion-supporting heater of heater effect hydrogenation gas, through transfer line be pumped into wellhead assembly, again through the down-hole pipeline transmission down toward the sea by wellhead assembly; Arrive the combustible ice reservoir and heat the combustible ice reservoir; The combustible ice reservoir temperature resolves into LNG and water after raising, and combustible ice pumps into cracker through horizontal well heating production section and flow line with LNG and water; Deposit storage tank after the decomposition in, get into gas storage equipment through the dehumidifying back at inlet device.
2, remarkable in economical benefits:
The combustion-supporting heater of heater effect hydrogenation gas that the present invention adopts is energy-efficient, environmental protection and complete function.Combustion function is unique more in design; The burning theory is more novel, and combustion chamber internal structure and combustion system are more perfect, realizes heat energy gas making in the combustion chamber; Divided gas flow circulating combustion about fire door, the heat energy temperature that hydrogenation gas and smoke combustion produce in the fire door can reach 360 ℃.
High-temp combustion can be saved the feedwater warm-up time, and the calorific value that its burning produces improves 3～4 times than coal and coal gas.Be that coal becomes hydrogenation gas increment burning (heat of the hydrogenation combustion adjuvant=6 jin coal of 6 jin of water+2 minute), and the heat energy value reach ultra energy-conservation purpose like this than not adopting 2～3 times of the combustion-supporting raisings of hydrogenation gas.
The combustion-supporting heater of heater effect hydrogenation gas is advanced, science, and international initiative, new design scheme is dwindled this heater volume greatly, is merely 1/4th of prior art heater volume.And the heat energy utilization rate improves 200%, and energy conservation reduces the burning heater manufacturing cost, creates more social benefit.
The combustion-supporting heater of heater effect hydrogenation gas can let water replace coal, oil, gas, bavin etc., and water resolves into hydrogenation gas so that the supply of energy to be provided.The combustion-supporting heater of heater effect hydrogenation gas is international state-of-the-art power-saving technology, and 1 jin of water can push up 2 jin of coal combustions, than also economizing 50～60% with combustion gas.This technology is the advanced technology in the industry, and it consumes energy less, heating is fast, has the benefit of saving.
The energy that the exploitation combustible ice is obtained directly heats combustible ice, and then exploiting in the energy that combustible ice obtains has 77% to be used for heating combustible ice reservoir and combustible ice, and income is 23%.After using the combustion-supporting heater of heater effect hydrogenation gas, can improve energy gain.Improve generating efficiency and capacity usage ratio, adopt the coproduction of LNG pneumoelectric, capacity usage ratio is brought up to 85%-95%, and then energy gain can be brought up to 70%-80%.
3, environmental benefit and resultant effect:
Ocean provided by the invention combustible ice exploitation method and quarrying apparatus thereof can suitability for industrialized production be exploited combustible ice in the ocean, do not have discharging, pollution-free in the recovery process, and energy-saving and cost-reducing, this method produces huge contribution to marine organisms and human security.
Through accompanying drawing and embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is done further detailed description below.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation and the fundamental diagram of a kind of ocean combustible ice quarrying apparatus.
Wherein:
1 drill bit, 2 rigs, 3 mixture channels, 4 silt separation apparatus, 5 decompose jar
, 6 seawater firing equipments (being preferably the combustion-supporting heater of heater effect hydrogenation gas), 7 seawater input channels, 8 hot water delivery pipe roads, 9 natural gas input channels, 10 natural gas output channels, 11 seawater output channels, 12 pumps, 13 pumps, 14 pumps, 15 pipelines
Accompanying drawing 2 is the structural representation and the fundamental diagram of another kind of ocean combustible ice quarrying apparatus.
Wherein:
1 seawater concentration heating device, 2 marine rock layers, 3 combustible ice reservoirs, 4 filter sand devices, 5 gas collection wells; 6 bottom sediment layers, 7 sea water layers, 8 air water multiphase transport pipes, 9 gas-liquid separation gutters, 10 seawater concentration heating device intake pipes; The defeated mutually pump of air water two, 12 natural gas recovered water recycle pipes, 13 gas-liquid separators, 14 natural gas compressors, 15 seawater concentration heating device feed pumps; 16 natural gas gasholder, 17 natural gas gasholder outlets, 18 combustible ices form thing and reclaim pump, 19 salt water heater intake pumps, 20 combustible ices form the thing eliminator; 21 combustible ices form the thing compressor, and 22 combustible ices form thing storage tank, 23 centrifugal pumps, 24 fresh water storage tanks, 25 fresh water extraction pipes; Base, 26 sea floating platform, 27 combustible ices form the thing recovery tube, 28 forecooler water inlet pipes, 29 hydrates form thing carrier pipe, 30 forecooler outlet pipes; 31 air and liquid mixers, 32 air and liquid mixer gas phase inlet tubes, 33 seawater concentration heating device water inlet pipes, 34 seawater concentration heating device combustible ices form thing inlet tube, 35 hot salt brine distribution pipes; 36 horizontal wells, 37 recovery well, 38 hot salt brine carrier pipes, 39 hot salt brine delivery pumps
Accompanying drawing 3 is the structural representation of seawater concentration heating device 1:
Wherein:
101, hot salt brine district, 102, combustible ice forms the thing import, 103, combustible ice forms the district, 104, sea intake; 105, combustible ice agglomeration district, 106, hydrate separating, washing district, 107, the import of seawater forecooler, 108, the seawater forecooler; 109, seawater forecooler outlet, 1010, the combustible ice screen pack, 1011, the fresh water district, 1012, combustible ice forms the thing accumulation regions; 1013, combustible ice forms thing and reclaims mouthful, and 1014, fresh water extraction mouth, 1015, the salt water heater delivery port, 1016, salt water heater; 1017, salt water heater water inlet, 1018, the combustible ice resolver, 1019, the hot salt brine outlet; 1020, hot salt brine heating jacket, 1021, the sawtooth open tube, 1022, slag-drip opening
The specific embodiment
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Further specify below in conjunction with 1 pair of a kind of ocean combustible ice exploitation method provided by the invention of accompanying drawing and quarrying apparatus thereof, as shown in Figure 1; Flammable ice sheet stretches into drill bit 1 and exploits in the ocean; The mixture pump of combustible ice, silt and decomposition gas is discharged to the silt separation apparatus 4 that is positioned at ground; The mixture piping 15 of the combustible ice after the separation, decomposition gas and water is transported to the decomposition jar 5 that is positioned on the tender of sea, and pump 14 will be used the combustion-supporting heater 6 of heater effect hydrogenation gas, and the combustible ice after the heating decomposes jar 5 through pipeline 8 inputs; The natural gas via pipeline 10 that decomposites is derived; Other has part natural gas via pipeline 9 to derive, and firing equipment 6 adds the thermal center (-tre) as seawater, and pipeline 11 is an air water multiphase transport pump.
Wherein, seawater firing equipment 6 is preferably the combustion-supporting heater of heater effect hydrogenation gas.
Embodiment 2
Further specify below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 2 and the 3 pairs of another kind of ocean combustible ice exploitation methods provided by the invention and quarrying apparatus thereof:
Shown in accompanying drawing 2-3; Construct the combustible ice recovery well 37 that runs through bottom sediment layer 6 and combustible ice thing reservoir 3, gas collection well 5 on the marine rock layer 2 and connecting the horizontal well 36 between the little and gas collection well 5 of recovery well 37; Horizontal well 36 is in combustible ice thing reservoir 3; At the gas collection well filter sand device 4 is installed; Seawater concentration heating device 1, hot salt brine delivery pump 39 and air and liquid mixer 31 are installed at sea water layer 7 certain depth places simultaneously; At sea installation gas-liquid separator 13, natural gas compressor 14, CNG gasholder 16, seawater concentration heating device feed pump 15, combustible ice form thing and reclaim pump 18, combustible ice formation thing eliminator 20, salt water heater intake pump 19, combustible ice formation thing compressor 21, combustible ice formation thing storage tank 22, centrifugal pump 23 and fresh water storage tank 24 on the floating platform 26, lay gas, liquid conducting pipes between each equipment simultaneously.
Wherein, The concrete structure of above-mentioned seawater concentration heating device 1 is as shown in Figure 3: its combustible ice forms district 103 and is provided with import 102 of combustible ice formation thing and sea intake 104, and it forms inlet tube 34 with seawater concentration heating device combustible ice respectively and links to each other with seawater concentration heating device water inlet pipe 33; Combustible ice forms installs hot water heating jacket 1020 on district 103 and hot salt brine district 101 outer walls, heating jacket 1020 skins are equipped with heat insulating material; 101 bottoms, hot salt brine district are provided with sawtooth open tube 1021; Be communicated with hot salt brine heating jacket 1020; Hot salt brine heating jacket 1020 bottoms are provided with slag-drip opening 1022, and the top is provided with hot salt brine outlet 1019, and this hot salt brine outlet 1019 can link to each other with hot salt brine carrier pipe 38 and hot salt brine delivery pump 39; Seawater forecooler 108 and salt water heater 1016 are installed in combustible ice resolver 1018, and 1018 tops, combustible ice resolver are equipped with combustible ice screen pack 1010, prevent that solid combustible ice from getting into fresh water district 1011; Fresh water district 1011 is provided with fresh water extraction mouth 1014, and fresh water extraction mouth 1014 can link to each other with fresh water extraction pipe 25; Combustible ice forms thing accumulation regions 1012 tops and is provided with combustible ice formation thing recovery mouth 1013, and combustible ice formation thing reclaims mouth 1013 and links to each other with combustible ice formation thing recovery tube 27 and combustible ice formation thing recovery pump 18.
The concrete operation method of combustible ice quarrying apparatus shown in Figure 2 is following:
In the device running; The draining of seawater and gas-liquid separator 13 is delivered to seawater forecooler 108 through seawater concentration heating device feed pump 15 along forecooler water inlet pipe 28 and seawater forecooler import 107 through seawater concentration heating device intake pipe 10 and CNG recovered water recycle pipe 12 respectively; The cold energy that in the seawater forecooler, utilizes the 1018 solid combustibles ice decomposition generation of combustible ice resolver is with below cooled with seawater to the combustible ice formation temperature; Be delivered to air and liquid mixer 31 through the outlet 109 of seawater forecooler with forecooler delivery port 30 through cooled seawater; In air and liquid mixer seawater with from air and liquid mixer mutually the combustible ice of inlet tube 32 form gas and mix; Produce solid combustible ice crystallite, gas-liquid mixture gets into combustible ice through seawater concentration heating device water inlet pipe 33 and forms district 103; The combustible ice that forms thing storage tank 22 from combustible ice forms thing and forms thing carrier pipe 29, air and liquid mixer gas phase inlet tube 32, seawater concentration heating device combustible ice through combustible ice and form thing inlet tube 34 and be delivered to air and liquid mixer 31 and combustible ice and form thing and form district 103.Form thing at combustible ice and form the district; Combustible ice forms gas and contact with sea water generates a large amount of solid combustible ice, discharges combustible ice simultaneously and generates heat, and solid combustible ice rises in the combustible ice agglomeration district 105 of self suffered buoyancy lower edge seawater concentration heating device; The continuous coalescence of solid combustible ice crystal grain is grown up; When solid combustible rose to combustible ice separating, washing district 106 on ice, this moment, solid combustible ice was in the range of instability, and the beginning of solid combustible ice is slowly decomposed; Solid combustible ice decomposes the bubble that produces makes solid combustible raising speed rate quickening on ice; The part salt solution of solid combustible ice tongs band is washed removal again, when solid combustible rises to combustible ice resolver 1018 on ice, because pressure reduces; Seawater forecooler 108 and salt water heater 1016 adopt the higher seawater of SST constantly to supply with heat to the combustible ice resolver simultaneously; The higher seawater of SST gets into salt water heater by salt water heater water inlet 1017, directly is expelled to the ocean by salt water heater delivery port 1015, and solid combustible ice is decomposed into fresh water and combustible ice fully and forms gas in the combustible ice resolver.Solid combustible ice decomposes the combustible ice formation gas that discharges and converges at.Combustible ice forms thing accumulation regions 1012; Combustible ice forms gas and forms thing through combustible ice and reclaim pump 18 and combustible ice and form thing recovery tube 27 and be delivered to combustible ice formation thing eliminator 20 and separate; Isolated fresh water is delivered to fresh water storage tank 24 through centrifugal pump 23, and isolated combustible ice forms gas and after combustible ice forms air compressor 21 compressions, is delivered to 22 recyclings of combustible ice formation thing CNG storage tank; Combustible ice decompose the fresh water discharge since its density less than seawater; Accumulate in fresh water district 1011, combustible ice resolver 1018 and combustible ice separating, washing district 106; Fresh water is delivered to fresh water storage tank 24 through fresh water extraction pipe 25, and fresh water can be used as industry, agricultural and living water use, through control fresh water rate of withdrawal; The flow that controlled preparing fresh water is refluxed to combustible ice separating, washing district by the combustible ice resolver; And fresh water gets into fresh water district 1011 for preventing undecomposed solid combustible ice, installation combustible ice screen pack 1010 between fresh water district 1011 and combustible ice resolver 1018 in the distribution at seawater concentration heating device top.Form the district because the generation of a large amount of solid combustible ice at combustible ice; Seawater is concentrated forms strong brine; The while combustible ice forms heat and is absorbed by strong brine; Temperature raises; Hot salt brine is owing to its density is gathered to the hot salt brine district 101 of seawater concentration heating device bottom greater than seawater, and hot salt brine forms heat through the sawtooth open tube 1021 entering hot salt brine heating jackets 1020 further combustible ices that absorb combustible ices formation district's generation of bottom, hot salt brine district, makes the temperature of hot salt brine rise to 12-18 ℃ after hot salt brine delivery pump 39 is stablized extraction; Be delivered to the decomposition exploitation that seabed combustible ice reservoir is used for combustible ice, heat that salt solution distributes and combustible ice forms and distinguishes temperature and salinity in the seawater concentration heating device through the rate of withdrawal of control hot salt brine is controlled.Hot salt brine from hot salt brine carrier pipe 38 is delivered to horizontal well 36 through the combustible ice recovery well; In horizontal well; Hot salt brine contacts with the combustible ice solid after hot salt brine distribution pipe 35 distributes; Make combustible ice be decomposed into CNG and water through heating and decomposition and salt solution effect, produce air-water mixture and converge at gas collection well 5, air-water mixture filters out the silt of wherein carrying secretly after air water multiphase transport pipe 8 is delivered to offshore platform 26 with air water multiphase transport pump 11 through filter sand device 4; Air-water mixture adopts gas-liquid separator 13 to separate on platform; Isolated CNG gets into 16 storages of CNG gasholder after adopting CNG compressor 14 to be compressed to certain pressure, and a CNG part is supplied with the maritime floating platform energy consumption, and another part is delivered to the land gasholder station through CNG storage tank outlet 17; Gas-liquid separator 13 isolated water can go out the water inlet that water circulation use pipe 12 is supplied with the seawater concentration heating device through CNG, or directly through gas-liquid separator gutter 9 deep sea emissions.
The above; It only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; Be not that the present invention is done any restriction, every technical spirit all still belongs in the protection domain of technical scheme of the present invention any simple modification, change and equivalent structure transformation that above embodiment did according to the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. an ocean combustible ice quarrying apparatus is characterized in that, this device comprises like lower component: drill bit 1, rig 2; Mixture channel 3, silt separation apparatus 4 decomposes jar 5, seawater firing equipment 6; Seawater input channel 7, hot water delivery pipe road 8, natural gas input channel 9, natural gas output channel 10; Seawater output channel 11, pump 12, pump 13, pump 14 and pipeline 15; Its drive manner is: flammable ice sheet stretches into drill bit 1 and exploits in the ocean; The mixture pump of combustible ice, silt and decomposition gas is discharged to the silt separation apparatus 4 that is positioned at ground, and the mixture piping 15 of the combustible ice after the separation, decomposition gas and water is transported to the decomposition jar 5 that is positioned on the tender of sea, and pump 14 will be used the combustion-supporting heater 6 of heater effect hydrogenation gas; Combustible ice after the heating decomposes jar 5 through pipeline 8 inputs; The natural gas via pipeline that decomposites 10 is derived, and other has part natural gas via pipeline 9 to derive, and seawater firing equipment 6 adds the thermal center (-tre) as seawater; Pipeline 11 is an air water multiphase transport pump, and remaining pipes and pump are subsequent use.
2. quarrying apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: seawater firing equipment 6 is the combustion-supporting heaters of heater effect hydrogenation gas.
3. the exploitation method of an ocean combustible ice, it is characterized in that: this method has adopted claim 1 or 2 described quarrying apparatus.
4. an ocean combustible ice quarrying apparatus is characterized in that, this device comprises like lower component: 1 seawater concentration heating device, 4 filter sand devices, 8 air water multiphase transport pipes; The defeated mutually pump of 9 gas-liquid separation gutters, 10 seawater concentration heating device intake pipes, air water two, 12 natural gas recovered water recycle pipes; 13 gas-liquid separators, 14 natural gas compressors, 15 seawater concentration heating device feed pumps, 16 natural gas gasholder; 17 natural gas gasholder outlets, 18 combustible ices form thing and reclaim pump, 19 salt water heater intake pumps, 20 combustible ices form the thing eliminator; 21 combustible ices form the thing compressor, and 22 combustible ices form thing storage tank, 23 centrifugal pumps, 24 fresh water storage tanks; 25 fresh water extraction pipes, base, 26 sea floating platform, 27 combustible ices form thing recovery tube, 28 forecooler water inlet pipes; 29 hydrates form thing carrier pipe, 30 forecooler outlet pipes, 31 air and liquid mixers, 32 air and liquid mixer gas phase inlet tubes; 33 seawater concentration heating device water inlet pipes, 34 seawater concentration heating device combustible ices form thing inlet tube, 35 hot salt brine distribution pipes, 38 hot salt brine carrier pipes and 39 hot salt brine delivery pumps; Its method of operation is: constructing the combustible ice recovery well that runs through bottom sediment layer and combustible ice thing reservoir, gas collection well on the marine rock layer and connecting the horizontal well between the little and gas collection well of recovery well; Horizontal well is in combustible ice thing reservoir; At the gas collection well filter sand device 4 is installed; Seawater concentration heating device 1, hot salt brine delivery pump 39 and air and liquid mixer 31 are installed at sea water layer certain depth place simultaneously; At sea installation gas-liquid separator 13, natural gas compressor 14, CNG gasholder 16, seawater concentration heating device feed pump 15, combustible ice form thing and reclaim pump 18, combustible ice formation thing eliminator 20, salt water heater intake pump 19, combustible ice formation thing compressor 21, combustible ice formation thing storage tank 22, centrifugal pump 23 and fresh water storage tank 24 on the floating platform 26, lay gas, liquid conducting pipes between each equipment simultaneously.
5. quarrying apparatus according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the seawater concentration heating device also comprises like lower component: 101, hot salt brine district, 102, combustible ice forms the thing import, 103, combustible ice forms the district; 104, sea intake, 105, combustible ice agglomeration district, 106, hydrate separating, washing district, 107, the import of seawater forecooler; 108, seawater forecooler, 109, seawater forecooler outlet, 1010, the combustible ice screen pack, 1011, the fresh water district; 1012, combustible ice forms the thing accumulation regions, and 1013, combustible ice forms thing and reclaim mouthful, 1014, fresh water extraction mouth, 1015, the salt water heater delivery port; 1016, salt water heater, 1017, the salt water heater water inlet, 1018, the combustible ice resolver, 1019, the hot salt brine outlet; 1020, hot salt brine heating jacket, 1021, the sawtooth open tube, 1022, slag-drip opening; The connected mode of each parts is following: its combustible ice forms district 103 and is provided with import 102 of combustible ice formation thing and sea intake 104, and it forms inlet tube 34 with seawater concentration heating device combustible ice respectively and links to each other with seawater concentration heating device water inlet pipe 33; Combustible ice forms installs hot water heating jacket 1020 on district 103 and hot salt brine district 101 outer walls, heating jacket 1020 skins are equipped with heat insulating material; 101 bottoms, hot salt brine district are provided with sawtooth open tube 1021; Be communicated with hot salt brine heating jacket 1020; Hot salt brine heating jacket 1020 bottoms are provided with slag-drip opening 1022, and the top is provided with hot salt brine outlet 1019, and this hot salt brine outlet 1019 can link to each other with hot salt brine carrier pipe 38 and hot salt brine delivery pump 39; Seawater forecooler 108 and salt water heater 1016 are installed in combustible ice resolver 1018, and 1018 tops, combustible ice resolver are equipped with combustible ice screen pack 1010, prevent that solid combustible ice from getting into fresh water district 1011; Fresh water district 1011 is provided with fresh water extraction mouth 1014, and fresh water extraction mouth 1014 can link to each other with fresh water extraction pipe 25; Combustible ice forms thing accumulation regions 1012 tops and is provided with combustible ice formation thing recovery mouth 1013, and combustible ice formation thing reclaims mouth 1013 and links to each other with combustible ice formation thing recovery tube 27 and combustible ice formation thing recovery pump 18.
6. the exploitation method of an ocean combustible ice, it is characterized in that: this method has adopted claim 4 or 5 described quarrying apparatus.
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