CN113702241B - Method for rapidly determining content of dissolved solids in boiler water - Google Patents
Method for rapidly determining content of dissolved solids in boiler water Download PDFInfo
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- CN113702241B CN113702241B CN202110989354.3A CN202110989354A CN113702241B CN 113702241 B CN113702241 B CN 113702241B CN 202110989354 A CN202110989354 A CN 202110989354A CN 113702241 B CN113702241 B CN 113702241B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
- G01N9/36—Analysing materials by measuring the density or specific gravity, e.g. determining quantity of moisture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4022—Concentrating samples by thermal techniques; Phase changes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4022—Concentrating samples by thermal techniques; Phase changes
- G01N2001/4027—Concentrating samples by thermal techniques; Phase changes evaporation leaving a concentrated sample
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- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of analysis and detection, and particularly relates to a method for rapidly determining the content of dissolved solids in boiler water. The invention concentrates the boiler water, and obtains the content of dissolved solids in the boiler water by measuring the density of the concentrated boiler water and the density of the steam condensate water and calculating the density through a formula I; the invention can realize the rapid determination of the dissolved solids in the boiler water, is simple and accurate and is not limited by water source.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of analysis and detection, and particularly relates to a method for rapidly determining the content of dissolved solids in boiler water.
Background
The dissolved solids of the boiler water are residues obtained by filtering out suspended substances of the boiler water, evaporating and drying the suspended substances, and are the general names of salts and organic matters dissolved in the boiler water. The dissolved solids are important indicators for monitoring boiler water, and directly affect the control of scaling, corrosion and steam quality in the boiler operation process, and are important bases for determining the boiler discharge. Therefore, in the daily monitoring process, attention must be paid to how to accurately and simply measure the dissolved solids.
The density is used to describe the mass of a substance per unit volume, and the density of water can be measured relatively accurately by a densitometer. Therefore, the density method for measuring the dissolved solids is a brand new method, has the advantages of convenience and high efficiency, brings more convenience for detection work, and improves the working efficiency.
At present, two methods exist for measuring dissolved solids in boiler water, the first method is a direct method, also called a classical method, and can be performed according to an annex B method in national standard GB 1576-2018; the other is an indirect method, which can be operated according to the method of the annex C of the national standard GB 1576-2018. In the actual inspection and detection work, the weight method is used for measuring the dissolved solids, the operation is complicated, the time consumption is long, the efficiency is low, and the method is rarely adopted at present; therefore, an indirect method is generally adopted, but the ratio of dissolved solids to electric conductivity (solid-to-chlorine ratio for short) or the ratio of dissolved solids to chloride ions (solid-to-chlorine ratio for short) in the indirect method is obtained through a series of complicated comparison tests, and the solid-to-solid ratio/solid-to-chlorine ratio coefficient is required to be corrected regularly according to the change of water quality of a water source according to standard requirements, so that the coefficient correction is not in time, and the measurement error of the dissolved solids is quite large.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for rapidly determining the dissolved solids of the boiler water, which can realize rapid determination of the dissolved solids of the boiler water, is simple and accurate and is not limited by a water source.
The invention relates to a method for rapidly determining the content of dissolved solids in boiler water, which mainly comprises the steps of concentrating the boiler water, determining the density of the concentrated boiler water and the density of steam condensate water thereof, and calculating according to a formula I to obtain the content of the dissolved solids in the boiler water; the formula I is:
wherein: ρ 1 Is the density of boiler water, g/cm 3 ；
ρ 2 To density of condensed water, g/cm 3 ；
V 1 、V 2 The volume of the boiler water before and after concentration is respectively ml.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) And (3) filtering: filtering the boiler water to obtain filtrate; because boiler water is mostly concentrated through repeated boiling, some boiler water quality is turbid, suspended matter content is high, and if the boiler water is not filtered, the measured value of dissolved solids is directly higher than an actual value.
(2) And (3) distilling and concentrating: distilling the filtrate in a full-automatic distiller to obtain concentrated boiler water and steam condensate I; the volume of the filtrate is V 1 The volume of the concentrated boiler water is V 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Normally V 1 ＝100ml，V 2 =10ml. The purpose of distillation concentration is to artificially increase the density ρ of the boiler water 1 The density difference between the boiler water and the steam condensate water is increased, and the relative error is reduced.
(3) Ultrasonic cleaning: ultrasonic cleaning the distillation flask with an ultrasonic cleaner to dissolve dissolved solids remained on the inner wall of the distillation flask into concentrated boiler water; since part of dissolved solids remain on the inner wall of the distillation flask along with evaporation in the concentration process, the density detection value of the concentrated solution in the step 4 is easy to be smaller, so that an ultrasonic cleaner is needed to carry out ultrasonic treatment on the distillation flask, the dissolved solids remained on the inner wall of the distillation flask are dissolved into the concentrated solution, and the ultrasonic power is 40KH Z Ultrasonic time is 3min.
(4) The density of the water in the concentrated boiler is detected by a digital densimeter and is recorded as rho 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The digital densimeter adopts a U-shaped oscillating tube densimeter, and the accuracy is not lower than 0.0001g/cm 3 。
(5) Continuously distilling the concentrated boiler water by using a full-automatic distiller until the water is evaporated to dryness to obtain steam condensate II;
(6) Combining the steam condensate I and the steam condensate II, and detecting the density of the steam condensate I and the steam condensate II, and recording as rho 2 ；
(7) Will ρ 1 、ρ 2 Substituting the water into the formula I to obtain the content of dissolved solids in mg/L of the boiler water.
In the step (1), the turbidity value of the filtrate is less than or equal to 5.0FTU.
In the step (2), a full-automatic distiller is selected for distillation and concentration, the evaporation speed is high, and 100ml of water sample can be distilled to 10ml in 20 minutes.
When the density is detected, the temperature of the sample to be detected is 25 ℃.
In summary, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The method is faster: the density is used to describe the mass of a substance per unit volume, and the density of water can be measured relatively accurately by a densitometer. The method for measuring the dissolved solids by using the density difference method is a brand new method, avoids the steps of drying (at least 2 hours) and constant weight (at least 1 hour) in the classical gravimetric method (the method of annex B in national standard GB 1576-2018), and can accurately measure the dissolved solids in 30 minutes.
(2) More accurate: although the method is not used for directly measuring the dissolved solids of the boiler water, compared with two indirect measuring methods (solid-to-solid ratio method and solid-to-chlorine ratio method) in annex C of national standard GB1576-2018, the method is more accurate. Because both indirect methods mentioned in appendix C need to correct the solid conductivity ratio/solid chlorine ratio coefficient regularly according to the change of water quality of the water source, the coefficient correction is not in time, which often results in great error of measuring the dissolved solids. The method provided by the invention does not need correction coefficients or empirical constants, and only calculates the dissolved solids of the water sample through density difference and concentration ratio, so that the method is more objective.
(3) The applicability is wider: the method is not limited by water source sites, is suitable for measuring dissolved solids of boiler water, and is also suitable for measuring dissolved solids of other water samples such as surface water, underground water and the like. The method has no requirement on the content of dissolved solids of the water sample to be detected, and if the content of the dissolved solids of the water sample to be detected is very low, the water sample to be detected can be taken out more, and the concentration ratio is increased; if the content of dissolved solids in the water sample to be detected is higher, the concentration ratio can be properly reduced.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The method for rapidly determining the content of dissolved solids in boiler water comprises the steps of concentrating the boiler water, determining the density of the concentrated boiler water and the density of steam condensate water thereof, and calculating according to a formula I to obtain the content of dissolved solids in the boiler water; the formula I is:
wherein: ρ 1 Is the density of boiler water, g/cm 3 ；
ρ 2 To density of condensed water, g/cm 3 ；
V 1 、V 2 The volume of the boiler water before and after concentration is respectively ml.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) And (3) filtering: filtering the boiler water to obtain filtrate;
(2) And (3) distilling and concentrating: distilling the filtrate in a full-automatic distiller to obtain concentrated boiler water and steam condensate I; the volume of the filtrate is V 1 The volume of the concentrated boiler water is V 2 ；
(3) Ultrasonic cleaning: ultrasonic cleaning the distillation flask with an ultrasonic cleaner to dissolve dissolved solids remaining on the side wall of the distillation flask into concentrated boiler water;
since part of dissolved solids remain on the inner wall of the distillation flask along with evaporation in the concentration process, the density detection value of the concentrated solution in the step 4 is easy to be smaller, and therefore, the distillation flask is required to be subjected to ultrasonic treatment by an ultrasonic cleaner, and the dissolved solids remaining on the inner wall of the distillation flask are dissolved in the concentrated solution.
(4) The density of the water in the concentrated boiler is detected by a digital densimeter and is recorded as rho 1 ；
(5) Continuously distilling the concentrated boiler water by using a full-automatic distiller until the water is evaporated to dryness to obtain steam condensate II;
(6) Combining the steam condensate I and the steam condensate II and detecting the density of the steam condensate I and the steam condensate II,denoted as ρ 2 ；
(7) Will ρ 1 、ρ 2 Substituting the water into the formula I to obtain the content of dissolved solids in mg/L of the boiler water.
In step (1), the turbidity value of the filtrate should be less than or equal to 5.0FTU.
In the step (2), the distillation concentration is performed by a full-automatic distillation instrument.
The digital densimeter adopts a U-shaped oscillating tube densimeter, and the accuracy is not lower than 0.0001g/cm 3 。
When the density is detected, the temperature of the sample to be detected is 25 ℃.
Example 2
The inventors have taken six representative in-use boiler water samples according to the boiler water sampling rules at different boiler usage units, and measured the density according to the method described in example 1, using a densitometer of An Dongpa DMA4100 digital densitometer, and calculated the dissolved solids. Meanwhile, according to the requirements of annex B in national standard GB1576-2018, the dissolved solids are measured by a gravimetric method, and the relative error of the two dissolved solids is calculated to be below 10 percent, and the specific table is shown below.
Claims (7)
1. A method for rapidly determining the content of dissolved solids in boiler water is characterized in that the boiler water is concentrated, the concentration of the boiler water and the concentration of steam condensate water are determined, and the content of the dissolved solids in the boiler water is calculated through a formula I; the formula I is:
wherein: ρ 1 To concentrate the density of boiler water, g/cm 3 ；
ρ 2 Density of condensed water of steam, g/cm 3 ；
V 1 、V 2 The volume of the boiler water before and after concentration is respectively ml.
2. A method for rapidly determining the dissolved solids content of boiler water according to claim 1, characterized by the specific steps of:
(1) And (3) filtering: filtering the boiler water to obtain filtrate;
(2) And (3) distilling and concentrating: distilling the filtrate in a full-automatic distiller to obtain concentrated boiler water and steam condensate I; the volume of the filtrate is V 1 The volume of the concentrated boiler water is V 2 ；
(3) Ultrasonic cleaning: ultrasonic cleaning the distillation flask with an ultrasonic cleaner to dissolve dissolved solids remaining on the side wall of the distillation flask into concentrated boiler water;
(4) The density of the water in the concentrated boiler is detected by a digital densimeter and is recorded as rho 1 ；
(5) Continuously distilling the concentrated boiler water by using a full-automatic distiller until the water is evaporated to dryness to obtain steam condensate II;
(6) Combining the steam condensate I and the steam condensate II, and detecting the density of the steam condensate I and the steam condensate II, and recording as rho 2 ；
(7) Will ρ 1 、ρ 2 Substituting the water into the formula I to obtain the content of dissolved solids in mg/L of the boiler water.
3. A method for rapidly determining boiler water dissolved solids content in accordance with claim 2 wherein the filtrate turbidity value is less than or equal to 5.0FTU.
4. The method for rapidly determining the content of dissolved solids in boiler water as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step (2), the distillation concentration is performed by a fully automatic distillation apparatus.
5. A method for rapidly determining boiler water dissolved solids content as claimed in claim 2 wherein, in step (3), the method comprises the step of superkeepingThe power of sound is 40KH Z The time of the ultrasound was 3min.
6. The method for rapidly determining the content of dissolved solids in boiler water as claimed in claim 2, wherein the digital densimeter is a U-shaped oscillating tube densimeter with an accuracy of not less than 0.0001g/cm 3 。
7. The method for rapidly determining the content of dissolved solids in boiler water as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the sample to be measured is 25 degrees celsius when detecting the density.
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Citations (4)
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| CA2304199A1 (en) * | 1997-09-18 | 1999-03-25 | Alberta Research Council Inc. | Dissolved solids analyzer |
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| CN109253441A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2019-01-22 | 中北大学 | A kind of steam boiler system of intelligent control |
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| US7013740B2 (en) * | 2003-05-05 | 2006-03-21 | Invensys Systems, Inc. | Two-phase steam measurement system |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CA2304199A1 (en) * | 1997-09-18 | 1999-03-25 | Alberta Research Council Inc. | Dissolved solids analyzer |
| WO2016008369A1 (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2016-01-21 | 广州特种承压设备检测研究院 | Multiple item continuous automatic analysis apparatus for industrial boiler water quality testing and analysis method therefor |
| RU2015129846A (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2017-01-24 | федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н.И. Лобачевского" | INSTALLATION FOR PRODUCING WATER CONDENSATE FROM AIR AND METHOD OF CONCENTRATION OF IMPURITIES FROM AIR, IMPLEMENTED IN THIS INSTALLATION |
| CN109253441A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2019-01-22 | 中北大学 | A kind of steam boiler system of intelligent control |
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