CN109253441A - A kind of steam boiler system of intelligent control - Google Patents
A kind of steam boiler system of intelligent control Download PDFInfo
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- CN109253441A CN109253441A CN201810816492.XA CN201810816492A CN109253441A CN 109253441 A CN109253441 A CN 109253441A CN 201810816492 A CN201810816492 A CN 201810816492A CN 109253441 A CN109253441 A CN 109253441A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 176
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000003149 assay kit Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 52
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
- F22B31/08—Installation of heat-exchange apparatus or of means in boilers for heating air supplied for combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
- F22B37/54—De-sludging or blow-down devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/56—Boiler cleaning control devices, e.g. for ascertaining proper duration of boiler blow-down
- F22B37/565—Blow-down control, e.g. for ascertaining proper duration of boiler blow-down
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
- F28F13/08—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by varying the cross-section of the flow channels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
Abstract
Invention provides a kind of boiler system, the water of quantity of steam and input boiler that the system is generated according to boiler carries out automatically controlling, the boiler periodically carries out blowdown, the drum further includes Water Test Kits, to measure the water quality in drum, the Water Test Kits and monitoring and diagnosis controller carry out data connection, to receive the data of measurement；The boiler also has the function of correcting reference data automatically according to the water quality in measurement drum, and blowdown flow rate is controlled automatically according to the data of measurement.Boiler of the invention calculates the blowdown flow rate of boiler automatically, and blowing time and blowdown speed are adjusted according to blowdown flow rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to steam boiler fields, belong to the field F22.
Background technique
In operation, with the output of steam, pot water is concentrated steam boiler.When salinity increases to a certain extent,
Pot water can generate foam, and priming occurs, and steam causes serious false water level largely with water, makes furnace control not
Surely.Therefore the salt concentration of pot water must be controlled, it is ensured that quality of steam and boiler operatiopn safety.
There is national standard in China to Industrial Boiler water quality, such as in GB1576-2001, to pressure be 1.6~
2.5Mpa, the steam boiler with superheater are, it is specified that the dissolved solid concentration (TDS) of pot water must not exceed 2500mg/L.Its
In, it is a pot water salt content that dissolved solid, which can be approximately considered,.
The main method of control pot water salt content is, in operation with the output of steam, using the method for surface blow-off,
The high pot water of a part of salinity is discharged in the downside of drum evaporating surface, and the accordingly low make-up water of supplement salinity, realization pair
The dilution of pot water salinity.If blowdown flow rate is insufficient, the salinity of pot water can be higher and higher；Conversely, if blowdown flow rate is excessive, because
Discharge is the pot water containing a large amount of thermal energy, will cause the waste of energy loss and soft water resource.The optimal case of energy-saving and emission-reduction
It is that it is up to standard to be controlled with the smallest blowdown flow rate for boiler water quality, it is ensured that safe operation improves the thermal efficiency.
Most domestic Industrial Boiler opens or closes blowdown valve using artificial timing (per tour is once or several times).This biography
The method for discharging pollution of system cannot achieve the control on demand of blowdown flow rate.It, generally can only be by maximum possibility in face of the variation of steam flow
Evaporation capacity excess emitters, cause energy waste.Even so, it is centainly qualified that pot water is still difficult to guarantee when load variations are big.
To realize on-demand continuous blowdown, both at home and abroad all in research autocontrol method.Such as 201510601501X is according to pot
The steam-water ratio of furnace carries out automatic pollution discharge, but existing method for discharging pollution is all that a certain parameter reaches a certain level at present, is beaten automatically
Blowdown valve is opened, when a certain parameter drops to a certain lower bound, closes blowdown valve.Though this interval-automatic method for discharging pollution is than artificial timing
Blowdown improves to some extent, but the salt content fluctuation up and down in high and low limit section always, and because of the hysteresis quality that data control, still
There are certain excessive emissions or discharge insufficient, is not optimal blowdown control program.
For above-mentioned defect, the present invention provides a kind of boiler systems of the blowdown of new intelligent control.
Summary of the invention
The present invention obtains rate of water make-up and generates quantity of steam by the rate of water make-up and generation quantity of steam of every boiler of real time monitoring
Dynamic than relationship, according to dynamic proportion relationship, the automatic blowdown flow rate for calculating boiler, adjusted according to blowdown flow rate blowing time and
Blowdown speed.
To achieve the goals above, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of boiler system, including central diagnosis monitor and boiler, the boiler include being arranged on steam outlet pipe road
Flowmeter, pressure gauge and thermometer, for measuring flow velocity, the pressure and temperature of output steam；The flowmeter, pressure gauge and temperature
Degree meter carries out data connection with monitoring and diagnosis controller respectively, so that the data of measurement are passed to monitoring and diagnosis controller,
According to the vapor (steam) temperature of measurement, pressure, the quality of steam of flow relocity calculation unit time in monitoring and diagnosis controller；
The boiler includes the sewage pipe that setting is connect with boiler drum, and blowdown valve, the connection of blowdown valve one end are arranged on sewage pipe
Adjustment mechanism for valve, adjustment mechanism for valve and monitoring and diagnosis controller carry out data connection, to pass blowdown valve opening data
Monitoring and diagnosis controller is passed, while receiving instruction from monitoring and diagnosis controller, adjusts the aperture of blowdown valve；
Flowmeter is set on the water inlet manifold of the boiler, for detecting the flow entered in boiler, the flowmeter and monitoring
Diagnosing controller carries out data connection, so that the data of measurement are passed to monitoring and diagnosis controller, monitoring and diagnosis controller root
Enter the quality of the water of boiler according to the flow rate calculation unit time of measurement；
The boiler periodically carries out blowdown, and central diagnosis monitor is stored in reference data quality of steam MSteam, input boiler water
Mass MWaterWith blowing time T, blowdown speed V, the reference data is between quality of steam and the quality of water for inputting boiler
Ratio MSteam/MWaterWhen, benchmark blowdown flow rate V*T meets blowdown requirement；
The drum further includes Water Test Kits, and to measure the water quality in drum, the Water Test Kits and monitoring and diagnosis are controlled
Device carries out data connection, to receive the data of measurement；
The boiler also has the function of correcting reference data automatically according to the water quality in measurement drum.
Preferably, if blowdown flow rate does not reach benchmark blowdown flow rate, monitoring is examined at this time when needing to carry out periodical blowdown
The water quality of disconnected controller detection meets water quality requirement, then monitoring and diagnosis controller control of sewage disposal valve is closed, if blowdown flow rate at this time
Less than benchmark blowdown flow rate certain error, then monitoring and diagnosis controller is automatically by new blowing time, blowdown speed and quality of steam
Ratio between the quality of the water of input boiler is stored in monitoring and diagnosis controller as reference data.
Preferably, certain error is 5% error.
Preferably, if blowdown flow rate reaches benchmark blowdown flow rate, but blowdown water quality does not meet the requirements, then monitoring and diagnosis
Controller control of sewage disposal valve continues blowdown, until the water quality of monitoring and diagnosis controller detection meets water quality requirement, then monitoring and diagnosis
Controller control of sewage disposal valve is closed, if blowdown flow rate is greater than benchmark blowdown flow rate certain error at this time, monitoring and diagnosis controller is certainly
The dynamic ratio using between new blowing time, blowdown speed and quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler is as reference data
It is stored in monitoring and diagnosis controller.
Preferably, certain error is 5% error.
Preferably, the function of amendment reference data can be carried out periodically automatically, can also carry out automatically in operation.
Preferably, the priority of the new reference data of storage is higher than pervious reference data.
Preferably, blowdown flow rate control mode is as follows:
Central diagnosis monitor is stored in reference data quality of steam MSteam, input boiler water mass MWaterWith blowing time T, row
Dirty speed V is the ratio M between the quality of the water of quality of steam and input boilerSteam/MWaterWhen the blowdown flow rate V*T that meets the requirements,
Then quality of steam becomes mSteam, input boiler the quality of water become mWaterWhen, blowing time t and blowdown speed v meet
It is following to require:
(v*t)/(V*T)=a* ((mSteam/mWater) * (MWater/ MSteam))b, wherein a, b are parameter, meet following formula:
(mSteam/mWater) * (MWater/ MSteam) < 1,0.96 < a < 1.0;
(mSteam/mWater) * (MWater/ MSteam)=1, a=1；
(mSteam/mWater) * (MWater/ MSteam)>1,1.0<a<1.05;
Need to meet following condition: 0.85 < (m in above-mentioned formulaSteam/mWater) * (MWater/ MSteam) < 1.15；
In above-mentioned formula, temperature MSteam、mSteamIt is the quality of steam generated the unit time, unit is Kg/s, MWater、mWaterIt is the unit time
The quality of the water of input, unit are Kg/s, and blowdown speed V, v are the sewage speed of discharge, unit m/s, blowing time T, t
Unit be s.
Preferably, the drum connection tedge and down-comer, multiple cuttings heat exchange are arranged in the interior interval of the tedge
Component, the cutting heat exchanger components extend along tedge short transverse, are provided on the cutting heat exchanger components a number of
Hole, the hole tedge short transverse penetrate through cutting heat exchanger components.
Compared with prior art, boiler system of the invention has the advantage that
1) boiler of the invention also has the function of the reference data stored in self-correcting system, according to the water quality blowdown feelings of detection
Condition corrects reference data automatically, guarantees the accuracy that regulation is run with the time, reduces regulation error.
2) present invention obtains input water and generation by the input water and generation quantity of steam of every boiler of real time monitoring
The dynamic of quantity of steam is than relationship, and according to dynamic proportion relationship, the automatic blowdown flow rate for calculating boiler is remained unchanged in blowing time
In the case of, blowdown speed is adjusted according to blowdown flow rate.The present invention is because be that the automatic blowdown flow rate that calculates subtracts compared with prior art
Few hysteresis quality can be realized optimal blowdown control.
3) reference data is stored in controller by the present invention, and controller is according to the carrying capacity of calculating and moving for generation quantity of steam
State is than relationship, and automatic to calculate blowdown quantity, this quantity will be greatly reduced because of valve regulated and bring hysteresis quality error.
4) two-phase fluid is separated into liquid by cutting heat-exchanger rig by present invention setting cutting heat-exchanger rig in tedge
Phase and vapour phase, are divided into small liquid group for liquid phase, vapour phase are divided into minute bubbles, promotes vapour phase smooth outflow, plays regime flow
Effect, have the effect of vibration and noise reducing, and the present invention is equivalent to and is increased in tedge by setting cutting heat-exchanger rig
Inner area, enhances heat exchange, improves heat transfer effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that drainage of the present invention automatically controls；
Fig. 2 is the schematic view of the front view of present invention cutting heat exchanger components one embodiment；
Fig. 3 is present invention cutting heat exchanger components arrangement schematic diagram in tedge；
Fig. 4 is another schematic diagram that present invention cutting heat exchanger components are arranged in tedge；
Fig. 5 is the flow diagram that the present invention controls.
1 drum, 2 water-supply-pipes, 3 flowmeters, 4 pressure gauges, 5 thermometers, 6 Water Test Kits, 7 adjustment mechanism for valve, 8 blowdowns
Valve, 9 steam pipes, 10 sewage pipes, 11 flowmeters, 12 central monitoring diagnosing controllers, 13 tedges, 14 cutting heat exchanger components, 15
Hole, 16 flowmeters.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Herein, if without specified otherwise, it is related to formula, "/" indicates that division, "×", " * " indicate multiplication.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of boiler thermodynamic system, the boiler thermodynamic system includes an at least boiler, for generating
Steam, the boiler and monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 carry out data connection, so that the operation to boiler is monitored.
As shown in Figure 1, the boiler includes automatically controlling drainage, the boiler periodically carries out blowdown, described automatic
The water of quantity of steam and input boiler that control of sewage disposal system is generated according to boiler carries out automatically controlling.Specific control system is such as
Under:
As shown in Figure 1, the boiler includes the flowmeter 3, pressure gauge 4 and thermometer 5 being arranged on steam (vapor) outlet pipeline 9, use
In flow velocity, the pressure and temperature of measurement output steam.The flowmeter 3, pressure gauge 4 and thermometer 5 respectively with monitoring and diagnosis control
Device 12 processed carries out data connection, so that the data of measurement are passed to monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, in monitoring and diagnosis controller
According to the vapor (steam) temperature of measurement, pressure, the quality of steam of flow relocity calculation unit time.
The boiler includes the sewage pipe that 1 lower end of boiler drum is arranged in, and blowdown valve 8, blowdown valve 8 one is arranged on sewage pipe
Connecting valve regulating device 7 is held, adjustment mechanism for valve 7 and monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 carry out data connection, to open valve
Degree evidence passes to (including opening size, opening/closing time and open and-shut mode etc.) monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, while examining from monitoring
Disconnected controller 12 receives instruction, adjusts opening, closing and the opening size of blowdown valve 8.
Further comprise flowmeter 11 on the sewage pipe, measures the flow of blowdown.The flowmeter 11 and monitoring and diagnosis
Controller 12 carries out data connection, to pass data to monitoring and diagnosis controller 12.Monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 is according to stream
Meter calculates the blowdown flow rate of unit time, to calculate blowdown quality.Blowdown quality can be using the close of the sewerage of experience
Degree (can also need that temperature sensor is arranged in total blown pipe, measure the temperature of sewerage to calculate by measuring blowdown coolant-temperature gage
Degree) specifically the data stored in controller 12 is called to calculate.
The water inlet manifold 2(of the boiler includes return water and moisturizing) on be arranged flowmeter 16, for detect enter boiler in
Water flow, the flowmeter 16 carries out data connection with monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, to pass to the data of measurement
Monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 enter the stream of the water of boiler according to the flow rate calculation unit time of measurement
Amount, to calculate the quality that the unit time enters the water of boiler.The quality of water can be calculated using the density of water, can also be with
Temperature (needing water inlet manifold 2 that temperature sensor is arranged, to measure the temperature of water) by measuring water specifically is called controller 12
The data of middle storage calculate.
It certainly, is the water summation of both recirculation return pipe and water supply pipe into the water of boiler.Preferably, can mend
The flowmeter with 12 data connection of monitoring and diagnosis controller is respectively set on water pipe and circulating water pipe, by calculate both flow it
With so that the unit of account time enters the total water of boiler.The present invention can be using various control strategy come control of sewage disposal amount.
The boiler periodically carries out blowdown, and the central diagnosis monitor is according to the matter of quality of steam and the water of input boiler
Ratio between amount sets blowdown flow rate automatically.
The blowdown flow rate is calculated by blowdown speed and blowing time, i.e. blowdown flow rate=blowdown speed * blowing time.Institute
It states blowdown speed and is preferably mentioned-above unit time blowdown quality, detected by flowmeter 11, the blowing time is logical
The time of the opening of control valve 8 is spent to calculate.
Control strategy is as follows:
The ratio of the quality of the water of quality of steam and input boiler that monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 calculates is less than lower limit value, then shows
Blowdown rate is excessively high, therefore monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 closes blowdown valve 8 by adjustment mechanism for valve 7.It, can be with by aforesaid operations
It avoids blowdown excessive, causes the waste of the energy.If the ratio of the quality of the water of quality of steam and input boiler is greater than upper limit value,
Then show that blowdown rate is too low, the service life of boiler may be will affect, the central diagnosis monitor 12 is according to quality of steam and input
Ratio between the quality of the water of boiler sets blowdown flow rate automatically.
Preferably, the blowdown speed remains unchanged, the central diagnosis monitor 12 is according to quality of steam and input
Ratio between the quality of the water of boiler sets blowing time automatically.
Preferably, the blowing time remains unchanged, the central diagnosis monitor 12 is according to quality of steam and input
Ratio between the quality of the water of boiler sets blowdown speed automatically.
If the ratio after blowdown, between the quality of quality of steam and the water for inputting boiler that monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 detects
Value is still greater than limit value, then boiler issues standby signal.
Preferably, with the increase of the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler, blowdown flow rate is continuous
Increase, and with the increase of the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler, the ever-increasing width of blowdown flow rate
It spends increasing.
It finds under study for action, with the increase of the ratio of Boiler Steam and the quality of water, the increased amplitude of blowdown flow rate is also wanted
Increase, and this higher and higher relationship of increased amplitude, it should be noted that this changing rule is that the applicant passes through largely
First discovery, and the improvement carried out according to its rule are studied, is not being readily apparent that for this field, belongs to of the invention one
Inventive point.Pass through the relationship of the ratio between above-mentioned blowdown flow rate increasing degree and quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler
Variation, can be corresponding with actual conditions blowdown flow rate, improves contaminant removal effectiveness as soon as possible.
Preferably, the blowdown speed remains unchanged, between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler
The increase of ratio, blowing time are continuously increased, and with the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler
Increase, the ever-increasing amplitude of blowing time is increasing.
Preferably, the blowing time remains unchanged, between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler
The increase of ratio, blowdown speed are continuously increased, and with the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler
Increase, the ever-increasing amplitude of blowdown speed is increasing.
It finds in practical study, is needed between the ratio and blowdown flow rate between the quality of the water of quality of steam and input boiler
There is an optimal relationship, if the ratio between the quality of the water of quality of steam and input boiler is excessive, blowdown flow rate must
It so also requires greatly, filth-discharging effect to be otherwise not achieved.Ratio between the quality of the water of quality of steam and input boiler is small, then blowdown
Amount also requires small, otherwise causes the waste of heat.Therefore blowdown flow rate cannot it is excessive can not be too small, it is excessive will lead to heat damage
It loses, too small to will lead to filth-discharging effect bad.Therefore need accurately to determine the size of suitable blowdown flow rate.The present invention is by largely counting
Value calculate and experimental study, obtained optimal quality of steam and input boiler water quality between ratio and blowdown flow rate it
Between relationship.
Central diagnosis monitor 12 is stored in reference data: quality of steam MSteam, input boiler water mass MWaterWhen with blowdown
Between T, blowdown speed V(, that is, blowdown water flow velocity), be quality of steam and input boiler water quality between ratio MSteam/MWaterFeelings
Under condition, blowdown flow rate V*T meets blowdown requirement.
Reference data indicates the data for meeting certain blowdown condition.Such as it can be satisfaction and reach a certain range of water quality
It is required that reaching and requiring minimum blowdown flow rate etc. under certain water quality situation.
If quality of steam becomes mSteam, input boiler the quality of water become mWaterWhen, blowing time t and blowdown are fast
Degree v meets following three kinds different one of operational modes:
First mode (blowdown speed remains unchanged): v keeps reference speed V constant, and blowing time variation is as follows:
T=T* ((mSteam/mWater) * (MWater/ MSteam))c, wherein c is parameter, 1.02 < c < 1.05；Preferably, c=1.04;
Second mode (blowing time remains unchanged): t keeps fiducial time T constant, and blowdown velocity variations are as follows:
V/V=((mSteam/mWater) * (MWater/ MSteam))d, wherein d is parameter, 1.04 < d < 1.07;Preferably, d=1.053
The third mode: v and t is variable, and the relationship of blowing time and blowdown speed is as follows:
(v*t)/(V*T)=a* ((mSteam/mWater) * (MWater/ MSteam))b, wherein a, b are parameter, meet following formula:
(mSteam/mWater) * (MWater/ MSteam) < 1,0.96 < a < 1.0;
(mSteam/mWater) * (MWater/ MSteam)=1, a=1；
(mSteam/mWater) * (MWater/ MSteam)>1,1.0<a<1.05;
It wherein needs to meet following condition: 0.85 < (m in the formula of above-mentioned Three modelsSteam/mWater) * (MWater/ MSteam) < 1.15；
In above-mentioned formula, temperature MSteam、mSteamIt is the quality of steam generated the unit time, unit is Kg/s, MWater、mWaterIt is the unit time
The quality of the water of input, unit are Kg/s, and blowdown speed V, v are the sewage speed of discharge, unit m/s, blowing time T, t
Unit be s.
The reference data is stored in central diagnosis monitor 12.
Preferably, central diagnosis monitor 12 stores multiple groups reference data.
Preferably, first mode chooses (1-t/T) when meeting multiple groups reference data2The smallest one group of t of value；When
It so also can choose first group of t met the requirements, one group can also be randomly choosed from the t for meet condition；
Preferably, second mode chooses (1-v/V) when meeting multiple groups reference data2The smallest one group of v of value；Certainly
It can choose first group of v met the requirements, one group can also be randomly choosed from the v for meet condition；
Preferably, the third mode chooses ((1-v/V)2+ (1-t/T)2) the smallest one group of v and t of value；It can certainly select
First group of v and t met the requirements, can also randomly choose one group from the v and t for meet condition；
In practical applications, multiple groups reference data is stored in programmable controller, then central diagnosis monitor 12 is according to detection
Data (the m of inputSteam/mWater) * (MWater/ MSteam), meeting 0.85 < (mSteam/mWater) * (MWater/ MSteamIn the case of) < 1.15, automatic
Select suitable reference data as foundation.
Preferably, in the case of there is two groups or multiple groups reference data, the reference data of user's selection can be provided
Interface, preferred, system can automatically select ((1-s/S)2+ (1-l/L)2) value it is one the smallest.
The Three models can only store it is a kind of in the programmable controller, also can store two kinds or three kinds can
In programmable controller.
Further preferably, as (mSteam/mWater) * (MWater/ MSteam) < 1, a=0.974；1.03<b<1.06.
Further preferably, as (mSteam/mWater) * (MWater/ MSteam) > 1, a=1.03；1.06<b<1.08.
Preferably, the drum 1 further includes Water Test Kits 6, to measure the water quality in drum.The Water Test Kits
6 carry out data connection with monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, to receive the data of measurement.
Preferably, the boiler also has debugging functions.Preferably, when needing to carry out periodical blowdown, if row
Dirt amount does not reach benchmark blowdown flow rate, and the water quality that monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 detects at this time meets water quality requirement, then monitoring and diagnosis
12 control of sewage disposal valve of controller is closed, if blowdown flow rate is less than benchmark blowdown flow rate (i.e. V*T) certain error at this time, such as preferably
5%, then monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 is automatically by the matter of new blowing time, blowdown speed and quality of steam and the water of input boiler
Ratio between amount is stored in monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 as reference data.
If blowdown flow rate reaches benchmark blowdown flow rate, but blowdown water quality does not meet the requirements, then monitoring and diagnosis controller 12
Control of sewage disposal valve continues blowdown, and until the water quality that monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 detects meets water quality requirement, then monitoring and diagnosis controls
12 control of sewage disposal valve of device is closed, if blowdown flow rate is greater than benchmark blowdown flow rate (i.e. V*T) certain error, such as preferably 5% at this time, then
Monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 automatically will be between new blowing time, blowdown speed and quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler
Ratio be stored in monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 as reference data.
Above-mentioned debugging functions can be carried out periodically, can also be carried out automatically in operation.
Preferably, the priority of the new reference data of storage is higher than pervious reference data.
Preferably, pervious reference data is automatically deleted after the upper new reference data of storage.
The drum connects tedge 13, and setting is arranged at intervals with multiple cutting heat exchanger components 14 in the tedge 13,
As shown in Figure 2,3, the cutting heat exchanger components 14 are extended along 13 short transverse of tedge to the cutting heat exchanger components 14
Integral structure part is provided with a number of hole 15 on the cutting heat exchanger components, and the hole 15 is in tedge short transverse
Perforation cutting heat exchanger components.
The fluid of tedge is during upwards, usually stream-liquid two-phase flow, so that the fluid in tedge is vapour
Liquid mixture, the presence of stream-liquid two-phase flow make the efficiency for affecting tedge heat absorption.On the other hand, it is exported to from tedge
This section of drum, because the space of this section becomes larger suddenly, the variation in space will lead to quickly flowing upwards out and assemble for gas,
Therefore spatial variations will lead to the vapour phase (vapour group) of aggregation and enter upper drum from tedge position, due to gas (vapour) liquid density contrast,
Air mass leave adapter tube position will move rapidly upward, and air mass original spatial position by air mass push away wall surface liquid and meanwhile also will be fast
Speed springs back and hits wall surface, forms impingement phenomenon.Gas (vapour) liquid phase is more discontinuous, and air mass aggregation is bigger, and Impact energy is bigger.It hits
Hitting phenomenon will cause biggish noise vibration and mechanical shock, damage to equipment.
The present invention be arranged in tedge cutting heat exchanger components, by cutting heat exchanger components by two-phase fluid liquid phase and
Vapour phase is separated, and liquid phase is divided into small liquid group, vapour phase is divided into minute bubbles, avoids the completely separable of liquid phase and vapour phase,
Promote liquid vapor phase smooth outflow, play the role of regime flow, has the effect of vibration and noise reducing.
The present invention is equivalent in tedge 13 by setting cutting heat exchanger components and increases interior heat exchange area, enhanced
Heat exchange, improves heat transfer effect.
The present invention is because all cross-section locations by vehicle repair major in tedge 13 are divided, thus on entire
The segmentation of liquid-vaqor interface and vapour phase boundary layer and the contact area of cooling wall are realized on riser cross section and enhances disturbance, significantly
Reduce noise and vibration, enhance heat transfer.
Preferably, aperture is arranged between adjacent holes 15 realizes perforation.Pass through setting aperture, it is ensured that adjacent hole it
Between interconnect, can pressure between uniform bore so that the fluid of high pressure runner flows to low pressure, while can also be in fluid stream
Further separate liquid phase and vapour phase while dynamic, is conducive to further stablize two-phase flow.
Preferably, along the flow direction (i.e. the short transverse of Fig. 4) of fluid in tedge 13, setting in tedge 13
Multiple cutting heat exchanger components 14, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components are more
Come shorter.If being H apart from the distance for rising tube inlet, the spacing between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components is S, S=F1(H), i.e., S is
Using distance H as the function of variable, S ' is the first order derivative of S, meets following require:
S’<0;
Main cause is because the steam in tedge understands carrier's liquid, in uphill process, tedge in uphill process
It is continuous heated, cause the steam in biphase gas and liquid flow more and more, because the vapour phase in stream-liquid two-phase flow is more and more, rises
Exchange capability of heat in pipe can increase with vapour phase and weaken relatively, and vibration and its noise also can constantly increase as vapour phase increases
Add.Therefore the distance between the adjacent cutting heat exchanger components for needing to be arranged are shorter and shorter.
In addition, this section of drum 1 is exported to from tedge 13, and because the space of this section becomes larger suddenly, the variation in space
It will lead to quickly flowing upwards out and assemble for gas, therefore spatial variations will lead to the vapour phase (vapour group) of aggregation from tedge position
Into condensation collector, due to gas (vapour) liquid density contrast, air mass leaves adapter tube position and will move rapidly upward, and air mass original space bit
It sets and the liquid of wall surface is pushed away by air mass while will also spring back and hit wall surface rapidly, form impingement phenomenon.Gas (vapour) liquid phase is more not
Continuously, air mass aggregation is bigger, and water hammer energy is bigger.Impingement phenomenon will cause biggish noise vibration and mechanical shock, to equipment
It damages.Therefore in order to avoid the generation of this phenomenon, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components being arranged at this time are more next
It is shorter, to constantly separate gas phase and liquid phase in fluid delivery process, to reduce vibration and noise to the full extent.
It is found through experiments that, by above-mentioned setting, can both reduce vibration and noise to the full extent, while can mention
High heat transfer effect.
Further preferably, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components are more
It is continuously increased come shorter amplitude.That is S " is the second derivative of S, meets following require:
S”>0;
It is found through experiments that, by so set, 9% or so vibration and noise can be further decreased, while it is left to improve 7%
Right heat transfer effect.
Preferably, the length of each cutting heat exchanger components 14 remains unchanged.
Preferably, cutting heat exchanger components others parameter other than the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components 14
(such as length, caliber etc.) remains unchanged.
Preferably, along the flow direction (fluid is flowed to upper direction) for rising tube fluid, setting in tedge
Multiple cutting heat exchanger components 14, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, the length for cutting heat exchanger components 14 is increasingly longer.
The length for cutting heat exchanger components is C, C=F2(X), C ' is the first order derivative of C, meets following require:
C’>0;
Further preferably, the increasingly longer amplitude of the length of heat exchanger components is cut to the outlet of tedge from the entrance of tedge
It is continuously increased.That is C " is the second derivative of C, meets following require:
C”>0;
The variation of the distance between for example adjacent cutting heat exchanger components of specific reason is identical.
Preferably, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components remain unchanged.
Preferably, in addition to cutting heat exchanger components length be outside one's consideration, cutting heat exchanger components others parameter (such as it is adjacent between
Away from, caliber etc.) it remains unchanged.
Preferably, being set in tedge along the flow direction (i.e. along tedge extending direction) for rising tube fluid
Multiple cutting heat exchanger components are set, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, difference cuts the hole 15 in heat exchanger components 14
Diameter is smaller and smaller.The bore dia for cutting heat exchanger components is D, D=F3(X), D ' is the first order derivative of D, meets following require:
D’<0;
Preferably, the bore dia of difference cutting heat exchanger components is smaller and smaller from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge
Amplitude is continuously increased.I.e.
D " is the second derivative of D, meets following require:
D”>0。
The variation of the distance between for example adjacent cutting heat exchanger components of specific reason is identical.
Preferably, the length of cutting heat exchanger components and the distance of adjacent cutting heat exchanger components remain unchanged.
Preferably, other than the bore dia of cutting heat exchanger components, cutting heat exchanger components others parameter (such as length,
The distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components etc.) it remains unchanged.
Further preferably, as shown in figure 4, groove is arranged inside the tedge, the outer wall of the cutting heat exchanger components 14
It is arranged in groove.
Further preferably, as shown in figure 4, tedge is welded for multi-segment structure, the junction setting point of multi-segment structure
Switch thermal part 14.This mode makes being simple to manufacture for the tedge of setting cutting heat exchanger components, and cost reduces.
It is learnt by analyzing and testing, the spacing cut between heat exchanger components cannot be excessive, leads to damping if excessive
The effect of noise reduction is bad, while can not be too small, causes resistance excessive if too small, similarly, the outer diameter in hole can not it is excessive or
Person is too small, and the effect for also resulting in damping noise reduction is bad or resistance is excessive, therefore the present invention is through a large number of experiments, preferential
Meet normal flow resistance (total pressure-bearing be 2.5Mpa hereinafter, single riser on-way resistance be less than or equal to 5Pa/M)
In the case where, so that being optimal of damping noise reduction, has arranged the optimal relationship of parameters.
The hole be it is round, preferably, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components are J, cut the length of heat exchanger components
Degree is L, and the internal diameter of tedge is M, and the radius in hole is A, the distance between adjacent hole center of circle B, meets following require:
J/L=f-g*LN (M/(2*A))；
B/(2*A)=h* (M/(2*A))-i* (M/(2*A))2-e
Wherein LN is logarithmic function, and f, g, h, i, e is parameter, wherein 3.0 < f < 3.5,0.5 < g < 0.6；2.9<h<3.1,0.33<i
<0.37,4.8<e<5.3；
The spacing J for wherein cutting heat exchanger components is the both ends the distance between opposite with adjacent cutting heat exchanger components；That is front point
Switch the tail end of thermal part and the distance between the front end for cutting heat exchanger components below.Referring specifically to the mark of Fig. 3.
34<M<58mm；
4<A<6mm;
17<L<25mm；
32<J<40mm；
1.05 < B/(2*A) < 1.25.
Preferably, f=3.20, g=0.54, h=3.03, i=0.35, e=5.12.
Preferably, rising length of tube between 3000-8500mm.Further preferably, between 4500-5500mm.
Further preferably, 40mm < M < 50mm；
9mm<2A<10mm;
22mm<L<24mm；
35mm<J<38mm。
By the preferred of the optimal geometric scale of above-mentioned formula, can be realized under the conditions of meeting normal flow resistance,
Damping noise reduction reaches optimum efficiency.
Further preferably, as the increase of M/A, f constantly reduce, g constantly increases.
For parameters such as other parameters, such as tube wall, shell wall thickness according to normal standard setting.
Preferably, hole 15 extends in the whole length direction of cutting heat exchanger components 14.I.e. the length in hole 15 is equal to cutting
The length of heat exchanger components 14.
Preferably, correction factor k can be increased to data when the angle that tedge and horizontal plane are formed is C
It is modified, i.e.,
K* J/L=f-g*LN (M/(2*A))；k=1/sin(C)d, wherein 0.09 < d < 0.11, preferably d=0.10.
20 ° < C < 80 °, preferably 40-60 °.
Although the present invention has been disclosed in the preferred embodiments as above, present invention is not limited to this.Any art technology
Personnel can make various changes or modifications, therefore protection scope of the present invention is answered without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
When being defined by the scope defined by the claims..
Claims (2)
1. a kind of boiler system, including central diagnosis monitor and boiler, the boiler includes being arranged on steam outlet pipe road
Flowmeter, pressure gauge and thermometer, for measure output steam flow velocity, pressure and temperature；The flowmeter, pressure gauge and
Thermometer carries out data connection with monitoring and diagnosis controller respectively, so that the data of measurement are passed to monitoring and diagnosis controller,
According to the vapor (steam) temperature of measurement, pressure, the quality of steam of flow relocity calculation unit time in monitoring and diagnosis controller；
The boiler includes the sewage pipe that setting is connect with boiler drum, and blowdown valve, the connection of blowdown valve one end are arranged on sewage pipe
Adjustment mechanism for valve, adjustment mechanism for valve and monitoring and diagnosis controller carry out data connection, to pass blowdown valve opening data
Monitoring and diagnosis controller is passed, while receiving instruction from monitoring and diagnosis controller, adjusts the aperture of blowdown valve；
Flowmeter is set on the water inlet manifold of the boiler, for detecting the flow entered in boiler, the flowmeter and monitoring
Diagnosing controller carries out data connection, so that the data of measurement are passed to monitoring and diagnosis controller, monitoring and diagnosis controller root
Enter the quality of the water of boiler according to the flow rate calculation unit time of measurement；
The boiler periodically carries out blowdown, and central diagnosis monitor is stored in reference data quality of steam MSteam, input boiler water
Mass MWaterWith blowing time T, blowdown speed V, the reference data is between quality of steam and the quality of water for inputting boiler
Ratio MSteam/MWaterWhen, benchmark blowdown flow rate V*T meets blowdown requirement；
The drum further includes Water Test Kits, and to measure the water quality in drum, the Water Test Kits and monitoring and diagnosis are controlled
Device carries out data connection, to receive the data of measurement；
The boiler also has the function of correcting reference data automatically according to the water quality in measurement drum；
Blowdown flow rate control mode is as follows:
Central diagnosis monitor is stored in reference data quality of steam MSteam, input boiler water mass MWaterWith blowing time T, row
Dirty speed V is the ratio M between the quality of the water of quality of steam and input boilerSteam/MWaterWhen the blowdown flow rate V*T that meets the requirements,
Then quality of steam becomes mSteam, input boiler the quality of water become mWaterWhen, blowing time t and blowdown speed v meet
It is following to require:
(v*t)/(V*T)=a* ((mSteam/mWater) * (MWater/ MSteam))b, wherein a, b are parameter, meet following formula:
(mSteam/mWater) * (MWater/ MSteam) < 1,0.96 < a < 1.0;
(mSteam/mWater) * (MWater/ MSteam)=1, a=1；
(mSteam/mWater) * (MWater/ MSteam)>1,1.0<a<1.05;
Need to meet following condition: 0.85 < (m in above-mentioned formulaSteam/mWater) * (MWater/ MSteam) < 1.15；
In above-mentioned formula, temperature MSteam、mSteamIt is the quality of steam generated the unit time, unit is Kg/s, MWater、mWaterIt is the unit time
The quality of the water of input, unit are Kg/s, and blowdown speed V, v are the sewage speed of discharge, unit m/s, blowing time T, t
Unit be s.
2. a kind of boiler system, including central diagnosis monitor and boiler, the boiler includes being arranged on steam outlet pipe road
Flowmeter, pressure gauge and thermometer, for measure output steam flow velocity, pressure and temperature；The flowmeter, pressure gauge and
Thermometer carries out data connection with monitoring and diagnosis controller respectively, so that the data of measurement are passed to monitoring and diagnosis controller,
According to the vapor (steam) temperature of measurement, pressure, the quality of steam of flow relocity calculation unit time in monitoring and diagnosis controller；
The boiler includes the sewage pipe that setting is connect with boiler drum, and blowdown valve, the connection of blowdown valve one end are arranged on sewage pipe
Adjustment mechanism for valve, adjustment mechanism for valve and monitoring and diagnosis controller carry out data connection, to pass blowdown valve opening data
Monitoring and diagnosis controller is passed, while receiving instruction from monitoring and diagnosis controller, adjusts the aperture of blowdown valve；
Flowmeter is set on the water inlet manifold of the boiler, for detecting the flow entered in boiler, the flowmeter and monitoring
Diagnosing controller carries out data connection, so that the data of measurement are passed to monitoring and diagnosis controller, monitoring and diagnosis controller root
Enter the quality of the water of boiler according to the flow rate calculation unit time of measurement.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810816492.XA CN109253441B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | Intelligent control's steam boiler system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710364314.3A CN107143840B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | A kind of steam boiler system of intelligent control blowdown reference data |
| CN201810816492.XA CN109253441B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | Intelligent control's steam boiler system |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710364314.3A Division CN107143840B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | A kind of steam boiler system of intelligent control blowdown reference data |
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| CN109253441B CN109253441B (en) | 2021-03-09 |
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| CN201810818816.3A Expired - Fee Related CN109140416B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | Steam boiler system capable of automatically correcting pollution discharge reference data |
| CN201810816337.8A Expired - Fee Related CN109140415B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | Intelligent control's cut heat transfer steam boiler system |
| CN201810816492.XA Expired - Fee Related CN109253441B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | Intelligent control's steam boiler system |
| CN201710364314.3A Expired - Fee Related CN107143840B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | A kind of steam boiler system of intelligent control blowdown reference data |
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| CN201810816337.8A Expired - Fee Related CN109140415B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | Intelligent control's cut heat transfer steam boiler system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113702241A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-26 | 泰安市特种设备检验研究院 | Method for rapidly determining content of dissolved solid matters in boiler water |
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| CN114001346B (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2024-06-07 | 江苏双良锅炉有限公司 | Boiler pollution discharge detection system and detection method thereof |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109140415A (en) | 2019-01-04 |
| CN109253441B (en) | 2021-03-09 |
| CN109140416B (en) | 2021-03-09 |
| CN109140415B (en) | 2020-04-17 |
| CN107143840B (en) | 2018-08-17 |
| CN107143840A (en) | 2017-09-08 |
| CN109140416A (en) | 2019-01-04 |
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