CN113698978A - Environment-friendly composite lubricating oil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly composite lubricating oil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113698978A CN113698978A CN202110968245.3A CN202110968245A CN113698978A CN 113698978 A CN113698978 A CN 113698978A CN 202110968245 A CN202110968245 A CN 202110968245A CN 113698978 A CN113698978 A CN 113698978A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/048—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/08—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles
- B01J8/10—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles moved by stirrers or by rotary drums or rotary receptacles or endless belts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
- C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/04—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing aromatic monomers, e.g. styrene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/06—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing conjugated dienes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
- C10M2207/401—Fatty vegetable or animal oils used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/64—Environmental friendly compositions
Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly composite lubricating oil and a preparation method thereof, wherein the environment-friendly composite lubricating oil is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 700 parts of plant base oil, 80-130 parts of ester oil, 0.1-0.4 part of pour point depressant, 70-160 parts of antioxidant, 30-70 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 25-55 parts of viscosity index improver and 5-25 parts of graphite antiwear agent. 100, mixing vegetable base oil and ester oil in a container to obtain a first mixture; step 200, heating the first mixture to 250-260 ℃, adding hydrogen and catalyst copper into a container, continuing hydrogenation for 1-2h, and separating copper to obtain a second mixture; step 300, heating the stirring and mixing integrated device to enable the internal temperature to be 100-200 ℃, then keeping the temperature, adding the second mixture, the antioxidant and the molybdenum disulfide into the stirring and mixing integrated device from two ends of the stirring and mixing integrated device, and then adding the viscosity index improver for mixing. The invention provides an antioxidant high-degradation lubricating oil and a preparation method thereof.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lubricating oil, in particular to environment-friendly compound lubricating oil and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Lubricating oil plays indispensable key roles in wear resistance, friction reduction, cooling, efficiency improvement and the like in equipment operation, but is generally poor in compatibility with the environment. The traditional mineral lubricating oil has poor biodegradability, and can pollute the environment if leakage occurs in the processes of production, storage, transportation and use. Due to the poor biodegradability of mineral lubricating oil, the enhancement of environmental awareness of people and the strictness of national environmental regulations, the research and development of biodegradable lubricating oil are more and more paid more attention by people.
Biodegradable lubricating oils have become an important component in the fields of green chemistry and green engineering at present. Biodegradable lubricating oil is lubricating oil which can meet the use requirements of mechanical equipment and can be decomposed into carbon dioxide and water by active microorganisms in a short time, and is generally included in the list of environmentally friendly lubricants. The properties of environmentally friendly lubricants include not only biodegradability but also the ecotoxicity of the lubricant. Biodegradability and ecological toxicity are two different aspects, and some toxic substances can also be biodegraded to generate non-toxic substances after degradation; the degraded product of some substances has stronger toxicity than the original substance. Environmentally friendly lubricants require both good biodegradability and low ecotoxicity and toxicity accumulation.
In the prior art, because a large amount of vegetable oil is added to environment-friendly lubricating oil, the vegetable oil is easily oxidized, the service life of the environment-friendly lubricating oil is poor, and the problem can be solved by adding an antioxidant, for example, molybdenum disulfide which has both an antioxidant effect and an antiwear agent effect and has extremely low toxicity is a better antioxidant additive in the environment-friendly lubricating oil, but the problem brought by the antioxidant is that the molybdenum disulfide is added as the antioxidant, the addition amount is large, solid particles in the lubricating oil are more due to the antiwear agent in the lubricating oil, the solid particles are easy to settle, and the solid particles are not uniformly mixed in the preparation process of the lubricating oil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide environment-friendly composite lubricating oil and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, molybdenum disulfide is used as an antioxidant and is added into the environment-friendly lubricating oil, so that more solid particles in the lubricating oil are generated, the solid particles are easy to settle, and the solid particles in the lubricating oil are not uniformly mixed in the preparation process.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention specifically provides the following technical scheme:
the environment-friendly composite lubricating oil is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
700 parts of plant base oil, 80-130 parts of ester oil, 0.1-0.4 part of pour point depressant, 70-160 parts of antioxidant, 30-70 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 25-55 parts of viscosity index improver and 5-25 parts of graphite antiwear agent.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vegetable base oil comprises one or more of rapeseed oil, corn germ oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, sunflower seed oil, castor oil and palm oil.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the antioxidant comprises one or more of 2,4, 6-tri-tert-butylphenol, 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-nonylphenol, 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and isooctyl-3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxyphenyl) propionate;
the ester oil is trimethylolpropane oleate, the pour point depressant is polymethacrylate, and the viscosity index improver is a polyhydrostyrene isoprene type viscosity index improver.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention further provides the following technical solutions:
a preparation method of composite lubricating oil comprises the following steps:
100, mixing vegetable base oil and ester oil in a container to obtain a first mixture;
step 200, heating the first mixture to 250-260 ℃, adding hydrogen and catalyst copper into a container, continuing hydrogenation for 1-2h, and separating copper to obtain a second mixture;
step 300, heating the stirring and mixing integrated device to enable the internal temperature of the stirring and mixing integrated device to be kept at 100-200 ℃, adding the second mixture, the antioxidant and the molybdenum disulfide into the stirring and mixing integrated device from two ends of the stirring and mixing integrated device to enable fluid of the stirring and mixing integrated device to flow from two ends to a horizontal central plane to form hedging, guiding the hedging fluid out of the stirring and mixing integrated device from the hedging plane, and adding a viscosity index improver to mix in the process of guiding the hedging fluid out of the stirring and mixing integrated device.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the stirring and mixing integrated apparatus includes:
the reaction kettle is used for accommodating raw materials for preparing the composite lubricating oil and is used as a container for mixing reaction;
the fluid hedging mechanism is arranged at two ends of the reaction kettle and is used for driving fluids at two ends of the reaction kettle to flow oppositely so as to form hedging surfaces on the middle horizontal plane of the reaction kettle;
the discharging mechanism is sleeved on the reaction kettle and used for receiving the fluid at the opposite impact surfaces and leading the fluid at the opposite impact surfaces out of the stirring and mixing integrated device;
the fluid hedging mechanism comprises a stirring assembly for driving fluid in relative motion, and first feeding assemblies arranged at two ends of the stirring assembly, wherein the first feeding assemblies are used for continuously providing compositions of the fluid in relative motion to two ends of the reaction kettle;
the stirring assembly comprises a driving mechanism, a first driving paddle and a second driving paddle, the first driving paddle and the second driving paddle are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the interior of the reaction kettle, the driving mechanism can provide rotating power for the first driving paddle and the second driving paddle, and the rotating directions of the first driving paddle and the second driving paddle are opposite;
the driving mechanism comprises a driving shaft and a driven shaft, the driving shaft and the driven shaft are respectively installed on the first driving paddle and the second driving paddle, and the driving shaft and the driven shaft are in transmission connection through a reverse linkage assembly.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the reverse linkage assembly includes a sealed hollow body disposed between the driving shaft and the driven shaft, the sealed hollow body is mounted in the reaction kettle through a bracket, the driving shaft and the driven shaft both extend into an inner cavity of the sealed hollow body in a manner of rotating around their axes, two bevel gears are disposed in the inner cavity of the sealed hollow body in a mirror image manner, the driving shaft and the driven shaft are respectively connected with two first bevel gears, a second bevel gear is disposed between the two first bevel gears, two sides of the second bevel gear are respectively engaged with the two first bevel gears, and the second bevel gear is mounted on the inner cavity of the sealed hollow body in a manner of rotating around their axes.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the discharging mechanism includes:
the annular pipeline is sleeved on the reaction kettle, and the inner cavity of the annular pipeline is communicated with the inner cavity of the reaction kettle;
the drainage unit is transversely arranged in the inner cavity of the reaction kettle and used for guiding the solid-liquid mixed flow driven by the first driving paddle and the second driving paddle to flow into the annular pipeline after being oppositely flushed;
the stirring and discharging unit is arranged on the annular pipeline and used for stirring the contents in the annular pipeline and guiding the contents out of the stirring and mixing integrated device;
at least one second feeding assembly, which is arranged on the stirring and discharging unit in a one-to-one matching manner and is used for adding the viscosity index improver into the annular pipeline;
the drainage unit comprises two hollow plates movably arranged in the sealed hollow body, the two hollow plates are respectively and rotatably sleeved on the sealed hollow body, and at least one conical panel is arranged on each hollow plate.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the stirring and discharging unit comprises a secondary mixing vertical pipe, the secondary mixing vertical pipe is axially arranged on the annular pipeline, an inner cavity of the secondary mixing vertical pipe is communicated with an inner cavity of the annular pipeline, a second driving shaft is arranged in the secondary mixing vertical pipe, a stirring paddle is arranged on the second driving shaft, a discharging pipe is connected to one side of the secondary mixing vertical pipe, which is far away from the reaction kettle, and the stirring paddle can form an annular solid-liquid mixed flow in the secondary mixing vertical pipe.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, both ends of the first driving shaft extend out of the reaction kettle, and the two feeding assemblies are respectively disposed at both ends of the first driving shaft;
the top end of the second driving shaft extends out of the annular pipeline, and the second feeding assembly is arranged on the second driving shaft.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the feeding assembly and the second feeding assembly have the same structure, and both of them include a negative pressure pipeline installed on the second driving shaft or the first driving shaft, a driving piston is sleeved in the negative pressure pipeline, and the driving piston can linearly reciprocate in the negative pressure pipeline or completely escape from the negative pressure pipeline;
one end of the negative pressure pipeline, which is close to the reaction kettle, is connected with a material extruding pipe and at least one material sucking pipe, at least one material storage tank is arranged on the negative pressure pipeline, one material sucking pipe is connected to each material storage tank, and two ends of each material sucking pipe are respectively communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure pipeline and the corresponding material storage tank; one end of the material extruding pipe is communicated with an inner cavity of the negative pressure pipeline, and the other end of the material extruding pipe is communicated with an inner cavity of the secondary mixing vertical pipe or an inner cavity of the reaction kettle; control valves are arranged in the extruding pipe and the sucking pipe;
when the control valve in the material suction pipe is in an open state and the control valve in the material extruding pipe is in a closed state, the driving piston can slide in the negative pressure pipeline to generate negative pressure, so that the negative pressure pipeline sucks the liquid raw material in the material storage tank through the material suction pipe; when the control valve in the suction pipe is closed and the control valve in the extrusion pipe is opened, one end of the driving piston can extrude the liquid raw material in the negative pressure pipeline outwards through the extrusion pipe by sliding.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the lubricating oil has the advantages that the base oil is set as the vegetable oil, so that the degradation capability of the lubricating oil is improved to a greater extent, and the lubricating oil is more environment-friendly, wherein the molybdenum disulfide has both an antioxidant effect and an antiwear agent effect, has extremely low toxicity, is a better antioxidant additive in the environment-friendly lubricating oil, but the lubricating oil is easy to generate the condition of uneven mixing of solid particles in the preparation process due to more solid particles; according to the preparation method, the longitudinal hedging mixed fluid is formed through the fluid hedging mechanism to resist the sedimentation of solid particles, so that a relatively uniform mixture (except the viscosity index improver) of the lubricating oil raw material is obtained, the discharging mechanism can perform secondary stirring on the uniformly stirred mixture of the solid particles, and the viscosity index improver is added in the secondary stirring process to prevent the interference of the viscosity index improver on the uniform mixing of the solid particles, so that the preparation method can overcome the defects of the lubricating oil in production.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a preparation method in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a top view of an annular duct in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid feed unit in an embodiment of the invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings denote the following, respectively:
1-a reaction kettle; 2-a stirring component; 3-a feeding assembly; 4-an annular duct; 5-a drainage unit; 6-mixing the vertical pipe for the second time; 7-a second drive shaft; 8-stirring paddle; 9-a discharge pipe;
21-a drive mechanism; 22-a first drive paddle; 23-a second drive paddle;
211-drive shaft; 212-a driven shaft; 213-a sealed hollow body; 214-a first bevel gear; 215-second bevel gear;
51-a hollowed-out plate; 52-a cone panel;
31-a negative pressure conduit; 32-a drive piston; 33-extruding the material pipe; 34-a material suction pipe; 35-a material storage tank; 36-control valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides environment-friendly composite lubricating oil which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 700 parts of plant base oil, 80-130 parts of ester oil, 0.1-0.4 part of pour point depressant, 70-160 parts of antioxidant, 30-70 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 25-55 parts of viscosity index improver and 5-25 parts of graphite antiwear agent.
By using the vegetable oil as the base oil, the degradation capability of the lubricating oil is improved by utilizing the high degradability of the vegetable oil, but the vegetable oil is easily oxidized in the use process because of more unsaturated acids.
The molybdenum disulfide is obtained by chemical purification and comprehensive reaction, the pH value of the molybdenum disulfide is 7-8, and the molybdenum disulfide is slightly alkaline. The anti-wear agent covers the surface of the friction material, can protect other materials, prevents the materials from being oxidized, particularly prevents the other materials from falling off easily, enhances the adhesion force, simultaneously, also serves as an anti-wear agent, has extremely low toxicity, and meets the aim of environmental protection.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vegetable base oil comprises one or more of rapeseed oil, corn germ oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, sunflower seed oil, castor oil and palm oil.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the antioxidant comprises one or more of 2,4, 6-tri-tert-butylphenol, 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-nonylphenol, 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and isooctyl-3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxyphenyl) propionate; the ester oil is trimethylolpropane oleate, the pour point depressant is polymethacrylate, and the viscosity index improver is a polyhydrostyrene isoprene type viscosity index improver.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a composite lubricating oil, comprising the steps of:
100, mixing vegetable base oil and ester oil in a container to obtain a first mixture;
step 200, heating the first mixture to 250-260 ℃, adding hydrogen and catalyst copper into a container, continuing hydrogenation for 1-2h, and separating copper to obtain a second mixture;
step 300, heating the stirring and mixing integrated device to enable the internal temperature of the stirring and mixing integrated device to be kept at 100-200 ℃, adding the second mixture, the antioxidant and the molybdenum disulfide into the stirring and mixing integrated device from two ends of the stirring and mixing integrated device to enable fluid of the stirring and mixing integrated device to flow from two ends to a horizontal central plane to form hedging, guiding the hedging fluid out of the stirring and mixing integrated device from the hedging plane, and adding a viscosity index improver to mix in the process of guiding the hedging fluid out of the stirring and mixing integrated device.
Through the steps 100 and 200, the plant base oil and the ester oil are hydrogenated to increase the saturation degree of the plant base oil and the ester oil, and further improve the oxidation resistance of the plant base oil and the ester oil.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the stirring and mixing integrated apparatus includes: the reaction kettle 1 is used for accommodating raw materials for preparing the compound lubricating oil and is used as a container for mixing reaction; the fluid hedging mechanism is arranged at two ends of the reaction kettle 1 and used for driving fluids at two ends of the reaction kettle 1 to flow oppositely so as to form hedging surfaces on the middle horizontal plane of the reaction kettle 1; the discharging mechanism is used for receiving the fluid at the opposite impact surfaces and leading the fluid at the opposite impact surfaces out of the stirring and mixing integrated device; the fluid hedging mechanism comprises a stirring assembly 2 for driving fluid in relative motion, and first feeding assemblies 3 arranged at two ends of the stirring assembly 2, wherein the first feeding assemblies 3 are used for continuously providing compositions of the fluid in relative motion to two ends of the reaction kettle 1; the stirring assembly 2 comprises a driving mechanism 21, a first driving paddle 22 and a second driving paddle 23, the first driving paddle 22 and the second driving paddle 23 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the inside of the reaction kettle 1, the driving mechanism 21 can provide rotating power for the first driving paddle 22 and the second driving paddle 23, and the rotating directions of the first driving paddle 22 and the second driving paddle 23 are opposite; the driving mechanism 21 comprises a driving shaft 211 and a driven shaft 212, the driving shaft 211 and the driven shaft 212 are respectively installed on the first driving paddle 22 and the second driving paddle 23, and the driving shaft 211 and the driven shaft 212 are in transmission connection through a reverse linkage assembly.
In order to prepare the above-mentioned lubricating oils, there are several difficulties: firstly, the molybdenum disulfide is used as an antioxidant and an antiwear agent, so that the solid particles of the lubricating oil are higher than those of the lubricating oil in the prior art, and the solid particles are easy to generate phenomena of sedimentation and the like in the stirring process, so that solid and liquid in the lubricating oil are difficult to mix uniformly; secondly, as the viscosity is higher, the oil film between the friction surfaces of the moving parts is thicker, and the protection to the friction surfaces of the parts is stronger, a viscosity index improver needs to be added in the production process of the lubricating oil, and the mixture with high viscosity is difficult to stir the solid particles uniformly.
In view of the foregoing, it is also desirable to provide an apparatus that can provide uniform mixing of lubricating oil stocks against settling of solid particles and that can adjust the order of addition of at least one additional stock during such mixing.
In this embodiment, the fluid counter-flushing mechanism is used to achieve the effect of resisting the sedimentation of solid particles, so as to uniformly mix the raw materials of the lubricating oil, except for the viscosity index improver, the discharging mechanism is used to perform secondary stirring on the uniformly stirred mixture of the solid particles, and the viscosity index improver is added in the process of the secondary stirring.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the reverse linkage assembly includes a hollow sealing body 213 disposed between the driving shaft 211 and the driven shaft 212, the hollow sealing body 213 is mounted in the reaction kettle 1 through a bracket, the driving shaft 211 and the driven shaft 212 both extend into an inner cavity of the hollow sealing body 213 in a manner of rotating around their axes, two bevel gears 214 are disposed in the inner cavity of the hollow sealing body 213 in a mirror image manner, the driving shaft 211 and the driven shaft 212 are respectively connected to the two first bevel gears 214, a second bevel gear 215 is disposed between the two first bevel gears 214, two sides of the second bevel gear 215 are respectively engaged with the two first bevel gears 215, and the second bevel gear 215 is rotatably mounted on the inner cavity of the hollow sealing body 213 around its axis.
In reation kettle 1, because solid particle has the settlement of certain degree, so the density of solid particle is the situation that reduces gradually from top to bottom in reation kettle 1, utilizes the counter-rotation of first drive oar 22 and second drive oar 23 for form the vertical solid-liquid mixed flow of two strands of counterblows in reation kettle 1, make the interior counterface position of reation kettle 1 produce the counterpoint and the mixing of a high density region and low density region, thereby make the mixing degree of consistency of counterface position be higher than other regions.
Through connecting the motor output shaft among the prior art in driving shaft 211 each other, and driving shaft 211 rotates and then can drive the first conical gear 214 that links to each other with itself and rotate, and first conical gear 214 can drive the rotation rather than meshing second conical gear 215, second conical gear 215 then can drive another first conical gear 215 reverse rotation. This way of rotation, the first drive paddle 22 and the second drive paddle 23 are driven synchronously, so that the resulting hedging is more balanced.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the discharging mechanism includes: the annular pipeline 4 is sleeved on the reaction kettle 1, and the inner cavity of the annular pipeline is communicated with the inner cavity of the reaction kettle 1; the drainage unit 5 is transversely arranged in the inner cavity of the reaction kettle 1 and is used for guiding the solid-liquid mixed flow driven by the first driving paddle 22 and the second driving paddle 23 to flow into the annular pipeline 4 after being oppositely flushed; at least one stirring and discharging unit arranged on the annular pipeline 4 and used for stirring the content in the annular pipeline 4 and leading out the content to the stirring and mixing integrated device; at least one second feeding assembly, which is arranged on the stirring and discharging unit in a one-to-one matching manner and is used for adding the viscosity index improver into the annular pipeline 4; the drainage unit 5 includes two hollow plates 51 movably disposed on the sealed hollow body 213, the two hollow plates 51 are respectively rotatably sleeved on the sealed hollow body 213, and at least one conical panel 52 is disposed on the hollow plates 51.
The drainage unit 5 is arranged on the mixing surface of the oppositely flushed solid-liquid mixed flow, and the solid-liquid mixed flow subjected to secondary mixing is guided into the annular pipeline 4 by utilizing the special shape of the drainage unit 5.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the stirring and discharging unit includes a secondary mixing standpipe 6, the secondary mixing standpipe 6 is axially disposed on the annular pipeline 4, an inner cavity of the secondary mixing standpipe 6 is communicated with an inner cavity of the annular pipeline 4, a second driving shaft 7 is disposed in the secondary mixing standpipe 6, a stirring paddle 8 is mounted on the second driving shaft 7, a discharging pipe 9 is connected to a side of the secondary mixing standpipe 6 away from the reaction kettle 1, and the stirring paddle 8 can enable an annular solid-liquid mixed flow to be formed in the secondary mixing standpipe 6.
The annular pipeline 4 is arranged on the opposite impact surface of the solid-liquid mixed flow, and the liquid can gradually enter the annular pipeline 4 after the opposite impact with the initial speed of transverse outside movement and is discharged outwards through the annular pipeline 4.
It should be especially explained that the device is a continuous lubricating oil preparation device, so when part of the mixed product is extracted from the annular pipeline 4, the raw material is continuously added into the reaction kettle 1 to form a continuous feeding from the reaction kettle 1, and the annular pipeline 4 is continuously extracted, and is not a one-time preparation device.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, both ends of the first driving shaft 211 extend out of the reaction kettle 1, and the two feeding assemblies 3 are respectively disposed at both ends of the first driving shaft 211; the top end of the second drive shaft 7 extends out of the annular duct 4, and the second feeding assembly is arranged on the second drive shaft 7.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the feeding assembly 3 and the second feeding assembly have the same structure, and both of them include a negative pressure pipe 31 installed on the second driving shaft 7 or the first driving shaft 211, a driving piston 32 is sleeved in the negative pressure pipe 31, and the driving piston 32 can linearly reciprocate in the negative pressure pipe 31 or completely escape from the negative pressure pipe 31; one end of the negative pressure pipeline 31, which is close to the reaction kettle 1, is connected with an extrusion pipe 33 and at least one suction pipe 34, at least one storage tank 35 is arranged on the negative pressure pipeline 31, one suction pipe 34 is connected to each storage tank 35, and two ends of each suction pipe 34 are respectively communicated with an inner cavity of the negative pressure pipeline 31 and the corresponding storage tank 35; one end of the material extruding pipe 33 is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure pipeline 31, and the other end of the material extruding pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the secondary mixing vertical pipe 6 or the inner cavity of the reaction kettle 1; control valves 36 are arranged in the extruding pipe 33 and the sucking pipe 34; when the control valve 36 in the suction pipe 34 is in an open state and the control valve 36 in the extrusion pipe 33 is in a closed state, the driving piston 32 can slide in the negative pressure pipe 31 to generate negative pressure, so that the negative pressure pipe 31 sucks the liquid raw material in the storage tank 35 through the suction pipe 34; when the control valve 36 in the suction pipe 34 is closed and the control valve 36 in the extrusion pipe 33 is opened, one end of the driving piston 32 can slide to extrude the liquid raw material in the negative pressure pipe 31 out through the extrusion pipe 33.
When solid raw materials are added, the driving piston 32 can be manually separated from the negative pressure pipeline 31, solid particles are added into the negative pressure pipeline 31, the driving piston 3 is sleeved in, the control valve 36 of the material suction pipe 34 is opened, the driving piston 32 is linearly driven to extrude air in the negative pressure pipeline 31 from the material suction pipe 3, then the control valve 36 of the material suction pipe 34 is closed, the control valve 36 in the material extrusion pipe 33 is opened, and discharging is carried out.
Or, the solid raw material can be directly added into the liquid raw material to be mixed, and the mixture can be directly sucked out by the suction pipe 34.
The feeding component 3 is mainly used for feeding the reaction kettle 1 under the condition of not damaging the sealing property of the reaction kettle so as to prevent oxygen from entering the reaction kettle and oxidizing the reaction kettle in the high-temperature mixing process.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in which steps B-E are all carried out in the described additive mixing block described in figures 2-4.
Example 1
Step A, preparing 500 parts of soybean oil, 130 parts of ester oil, 0.1 part of polymethacrylate, 70 parts of antioxidant, 30 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 55 parts of viscosity index improver and 25 parts of graphite antiwear agent by weight;
b, placing the soybean oil and the ester oil in a container for mixing to obtain a primary mixture;
step C, heating the primary mixture to 250-260 ℃ by using microwaves and the like, adding hydrogen and catalyst copper into a container through a pipeline, continuing the hydrogenation reaction for 1-2h, separating the copper from the primary mixture, and adding the separated primary mixture into a stirring and mixing integrated device;
step D, vacuumizing a reaction kettle in the stirring and mixing integrated device, adding an antioxidant, molybdenum disulfide and a graphite antiwear agent into the reaction kettle 1 through a feeding unit 3, and heating the reaction kettle 1 to 200 ℃;
and E, stirring by the first driving paddle 22 and the second driving paddle 23, guiding the mixed liquid to the annular pipeline 4 by the drainage unit 5, adding the viscosity index improver into the inner cavity of the secondary mixing vertical pipe 6 in the annular pipeline 4 by the liquid feeding unit 32, stirring by the stirring paddle 22, continuing the process for 1 hour, and finally leading out a finished product by the discharge pipe 9.
Example 2
The procedure is as in example 1, with the only difference that: the method comprises the following steps of A, 700 parts of vegetable base oil, 130 parts of ester oil, 0.1 part of polymethacrylate, 160 parts of antioxidant, 70 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 55 parts of viscosity index improver and 25 parts of graphite antiwear agent.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is: step A, by weight, 600 parts of vegetable base oil, 130 parts of ester oil, 0.1 part of polymethacrylate, 160 parts of antioxidant, 70 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 55 parts of viscosity index improver and 25 parts of graphite antiwear agent.
Comparative example 1
Step A, preparing 500 parts of soybean oil, 130 parts of ester oil, 0.1 part of polymethacrylate, 70 parts of antioxidant, 30 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 55 parts of viscosity index improver and 25 parts of graphite antiwear agent by weight;
b, placing the soybean oil and the ester oil in a container for mixing to obtain a primary mixture;
and step C, heating the primary mixture to 250-260 ℃ by using microwaves and the like, adding hydrogen and catalyst copper into a container through a pipeline, continuing the hydrogenation reaction for 1-2h, separating the copper from the primary mixture, adding the separated primary mixture, an antioxidant, molybdenum disulfide and a graphite antiwear agent into another container, heating the container to 200 ℃ by using microwaves, and stirring for 1 h.
The environment-friendly lubricating oil prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 of the invention is subjected to biodegradation rate, oxidation induction period and maximum non-seizure load performance detection (the test method adopts a method recorded by BG/T3142), and the detection results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
The maximum non-seizure load reflects the bearing capacity and the lubricating extreme pressure property of the lubricating oil, the oxidation induction period reflects the oxidation, the maximum non-seizure load reflects the bearing capacity and the lubricating extreme pressure property of the lubricating oil, and the oxidation induction period reflects the oxidation stability, as can be seen from the results in table 1, the environment-friendly lubricating oil prepared in examples 1 to 3 has high bearing capacity, high biodegradation rate and good oxidation stability.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present application and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An environment-friendly compound lubricating oil is characterized in that: the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
700 parts of plant base oil, 80-130 parts of ester oil, 0.1-0.4 part of pour point depressant, 70-160 parts of antioxidant, 30-70 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 25-55 parts of viscosity index improver and 5-25 parts of graphite antiwear agent.
2. The environment-friendly compound lubricating oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vegetable base oil comprises one or more of rapeseed oil, corn germ oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, sunflower seed oil, castor oil and palm oil.
3. The environment-friendly compound lubricating oil as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the antioxidant comprises one or more of 2,4, 6-tri-tert-butylphenol, 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-nonylphenol, 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and isooctyl-3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxyphenyl) propionate;
the ester oil is trimethylolpropane oleate, the pour point depressant is polymethacrylate, and the viscosity index improver is a polyhydrostyrene isoprene type viscosity index improver.
4. A method for preparing the compounded lubricating oil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
100, mixing vegetable base oil and ester oil in a container to obtain a first mixture;
step 200, heating the first mixture to 250-260 ℃, adding hydrogen and catalyst copper into a container, continuing hydrogenation for 1-2h, and separating copper to obtain a second mixture;
step 300, heating the stirring and mixing integrated device to enable the internal temperature of the stirring and mixing integrated device to be kept at 100-200 ℃, adding the second mixture, the antioxidant and the molybdenum disulfide into the stirring and mixing integrated device from two ends of the stirring and mixing integrated device to enable fluid of the stirring and mixing integrated device to flow from two ends to a horizontal central plane to form hedging, guiding the hedging fluid out of the stirring and mixing integrated device from the hedging plane, and adding a viscosity index improver to mix in the process of guiding the hedging fluid out of the stirring and mixing integrated device.
5. The method for preparing the environment-friendly compound lubricating oil as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the stirring and mixing integrated device comprises:
the reaction kettle (1) is used for accommodating raw materials for preparing the compound lubricating oil and is used as a container for mixing reaction;
the fluid hedging mechanism is arranged at two ends of the reaction kettle (1) and is used for driving fluids at two ends of the reaction kettle (1) to flow relatively so as to form hedging surfaces on the middle horizontal plane of the reaction kettle (1);
the discharging mechanism is sleeved on the reaction kettle (1) and used for receiving the fluid at the opposite flushing surface and leading the fluid at the opposite flushing surface out of the stirring and mixing integrated device;
the fluid hedging mechanism comprises a stirring assembly (2) for driving fluid in relative motion, and first feeding assemblies (3) arranged at two ends of the stirring assembly (2), wherein the first feeding assemblies (3) are used for continuously providing compositions of the fluid in relative motion to two ends of the reaction kettle (1);
the stirring assembly (2) comprises a driving mechanism (21), a first driving paddle (22) and a second driving paddle (23), the first driving paddle (22) and the second driving paddle (23) are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the interior of the reaction kettle (1), the driving mechanism (21) can provide rotating power for the first driving paddle (22) and the second driving paddle (23), and the rotating directions of the first driving paddle (22) and the second driving paddle (23) are opposite;
drive mechanism (21) include driving shaft (211) and driven shaft (212), driving shaft (211) and driven shaft (212) install respectively in on first drive oar (22) and second drive oar (23), carry out the transmission through reverse linkage subassembly between driving shaft (211) and the driven shaft (212) and connect.
6. The method for preparing the environment-friendly compound lubricating oil as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the reverse linkage assembly comprises a sealing hollow body (213) arranged between the driving shaft (211) and the driven shaft (212), the sealed hollow body (213) is arranged in the reaction kettle (1) through a bracket, the driving shaft (211) and the driven shaft (212) both extend into the inner cavity of the sealed hollow body (213) in a way of rotating around the axes of the driving shaft and the driven shaft, two bevel gears (214) are arranged in the cavity of the sealing hollow body (213) in a mirror image mode, the driving shaft (211) and the driven shaft (212) are respectively connected with two first bevel gears (214), a second bevel gear (215) is arranged between the two first bevel gears (214), two sides of the second bevel gear (215) are respectively meshed with the two first bevel gears (215), the second bevel gear (215) is rotatably mounted on the inner cavity of the sealed hollow body (213) with the axis thereof as the center.
7. The method for preparing the environment-friendly compound lubricating oil as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the discharge mechanism comprises:
the annular pipeline (4) is sleeved on the reaction kettle (1), and the inner cavity of the annular pipeline is communicated with the inner cavity of the reaction kettle (1);
the drainage unit (5) is transversely arranged in the inner cavity of the reaction kettle (1) and is used for guiding the solid-liquid mixed flow driven by the first driving paddle (22) and the second driving paddle (23) to rush into the annular pipeline (4);
the stirring and discharging unit is arranged on the annular pipeline (4) and used for stirring the content in the annular pipeline (4) and guiding out the content to the stirring and mixing integrated device;
at least one second feeding assembly, which is arranged on the stirring and discharging unit in a one-to-one matching manner and is used for adding the viscosity index improver into the annular pipeline (4);
the drainage unit (5) comprises two hollow plates (51) movably arranged on the sealed hollow body (213), the two hollow plates (51) are respectively and rotatably sleeved on the sealed hollow body (213), and at least one conical panel (52) is arranged on each hollow plate (51).
8. The method for preparing the environment-friendly compound lubricating oil as claimed in claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: stirring ejection of compact unit includes secondary mixing standpipe (6), secondary mixing standpipe (6) axial set up in on annular duct (4), the inner chamber of secondary mixing standpipe (6) with the inner chamber of annular duct (4) is linked together be provided with second drive shaft (7) in secondary mixing standpipe (6) install stirring rake (8) on second drive shaft (7), keep away from secondary mixing standpipe (6) be connected with discharging pipe (9) on one side of reation kettle (1), stirring rake (8) can make form annular solid-liquid mixing flow in secondary mixing standpipe (6).
9. The method for preparing the environment-friendly compound lubricating oil as claimed in claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: two ends of the first driving shaft (211) extend out of the reaction kettle (1), and the two feeding assemblies (3) are respectively arranged at two ends of the first driving shaft (211);
the top end of the second driving shaft (7) extends out of the annular pipeline (4), and the second feeding assembly is arranged on the second driving shaft (7).
10. The method for preparing the environment-friendly compound lubricating oil as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the feeding assembly (3) and the second feeding assembly are identical in structure and comprise a negative pressure pipeline (31) mounted on the second driving shaft (7) or the first driving shaft (211), a driving piston (32) is sleeved in the negative pressure pipeline (31), and the driving piston (32) can linearly reciprocate in the negative pressure pipeline (31) or completely separate from the negative pressure pipeline (31);
one end, close to the reaction kettle (1), of the negative pressure pipeline (31) is connected with a material extruding pipe (33) and at least one material sucking pipe (34), at least one material storage tank (35) is arranged on the negative pressure pipeline (31), one material sucking pipe (34) is connected to each material storage tank (35), and two ends of each material sucking pipe (34) are respectively communicated with an inner cavity of the negative pressure pipeline (31) and the material storage tanks (35); one end of the material extruding pipe (33) is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure pipeline (31), and the other end of the material extruding pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the secondary mixing vertical pipe (6) or the inner cavity of the reaction kettle (1); control valves (36) are arranged in the extruding pipe (33) and the sucking pipe (34);
when the control valve (36) in the material suction pipe (34) is in an open state and the control valve (36) in the material extrusion pipe (33) is in a closed state, the driving piston (32) can slide in the negative pressure pipe (31) to generate negative pressure, so that the negative pressure pipe (31) sucks the liquid raw material in the material storage tank (35) through the material suction pipe (34); when a control valve (36) positioned in the material suction pipe (34) is closed and a control valve (36) positioned in the material extrusion pipe (33) is opened, one end of the driving piston (32) can extrude the liquid raw materials in the negative pressure pipeline (31) outwards through the material extrusion pipe (33) by sliding.
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