CN113675614A - High-gain wide-angle scanning satellite-borne antenna based on luneberg lens framework - Google Patents
High-gain wide-angle scanning satellite-borne antenna based on luneberg lens framework Download PDFInfo
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- CN113675614A CN113675614A CN202110963142.8A CN202110963142A CN113675614A CN 113675614 A CN113675614 A CN 113675614A CN 202110963142 A CN202110963142 A CN 202110963142A CN 113675614 A CN113675614 A CN 113675614A
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/02—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
- H01Q15/08—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism formed of solid dielectric material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
- H01Q1/288—Satellite antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-gain wide-angle scanning satellite-borne antenna based on a Luneberg lens framework, which comprises a feed source group consisting of a Luneberg lens and a plurality of phase-controlled feed sources; each phase control feed source in the feed source group is tightly attached to the lower part of the Luneberg lens; the phase shifters are in the same number as the phase control feed sources, and the power signal transmitting channels are in the same number as the phase control feed sources; each of the power signal transmission channels includes a phase shifter, an output of each of the phase shifters being connected to an input of each of the phase control feeds. The invention can realize high gain and wide angle scanning simultaneously, on one hand, overcomes the defects of large volume and heavy weight of a mechanical scanning antenna, and on the other hand, compared with a phased array high gain antenna, the invention reduces the number of channels and reduces the array scale and the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a high-gain wide-angle scanning satellite-borne antenna based on a Luneberg lens framework.
Background
With the rapid development of satellite communication technology, the functional requirements for the satellite-borne antenna are more and more diversified, and particularly, the satellite-borne antenna is required to have the capability of large-angle beam scanning. The conventional large-angle beam scanning technology comprises mechanical scanning and electrical scanning, the mechanical scanning technology needs a servo motor to drive the whole antenna to rotate, the size and the weight are large, single beams are generally adopted, and multiple beams are difficult to realize; the electric scanning technology generally refers to a phased array technology, large-angle scanning can be achieved through phase control of each channel, multi-beam scanning is easy to achieve, however, under the condition of high gain, thousands of antenna units and radio frequency channels are needed to form, cost is high, side lobes are high during large-angle scanning, and interference among different satellites is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is that the conventional large-angle beam scanning technology is divided into mechanical scanning and electrical scanning, the mechanical scanning technology needs a servo motor to drive the whole antenna to rotate, the size and the weight are large, and multiple beams are difficult to realize; the electric scanning technology needs thousands of antenna units and radio frequency channels under the condition of high gain, the cost is high, the side lobe is higher during large-angle scanning, the interference among different satellites is larger, and the high-gain wide-angle scanning satellite-borne antenna based on the luneberg lens framework is provided to solve the problems in the background technology.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a high-gain wide-angle scanning satellite-borne antenna based on a Luneberg lens framework comprises a feed source group consisting of a Luneberg lens and a plurality of phase-controlled feed sources; each phase control feed source in the feed source group is tightly attached to the lower surface of the Luneberg lens;
the phase shifters are in the same number as the phase control feed sources, and the power signal transmitting channels are in the same number as the phase control feed sources; each of the power signal transmission channels includes a phase shifter, an output of each of the phase shifters being connected to an input of each of the phase control feeds.
The space-borne antenna comprises a Luneberg lens and a plurality of phase control feed sources, wherein the phase control feed sources are uniformly distributed on the lower surface of a Luneberg lens sphere, and the number of the phase control feed sources can be determined according to the requirements of application scenes and technical indexes; each phase control feed source corresponds to one power signal transmitting channel, and each power signal transmitting channel is connected with one phase shifter.
Further, the power amplifier PA is also included; the output end of the power amplifier PA is connected with the input ends of the phase shifters, and the power signal transmitting channels connected with each phase control feed source are identical in structure and independent from each other.
Furthermore, the feed source group is arranged in a hexagonal array, a phased feed source is arranged in the middle, and the phased feed sources are uniformly arranged outwards in each circle according to a regular hexagon.
A plurality of phase control feed sources of the feed source group are arranged in a hexagonal array, and the number of the phase control feed sources can be 1, 7, 19, 37 or 61 … …. The number of the phase control feed sources satisfies the following formula: 3n of2-3n +1, wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; for example: when a circle of feed sources is arranged, namely n is 1, the number of the phase control feed sources is 1; when two circles of feed sources are arranged, namely n is 2, the number of the phase control feed sources is 7; when three turns of feeds are arranged, namely n is 3, the number of the phase control feeds is 19; when four turns of feeds are arranged, that is, when n is 4, the number of phase control feeds is 37; when five turns of feeds are arranged, i.e. n is 5, the number of phase-controlled feeds is 61; and so on. The greater the number of phase control feeds, the greater the range that can be scanned.
Further, in a signal transmission mode, the power amplifier PA performs phase compensation on a received wireless signal transmitted by a communication object through the phase shifter, and then transmits the wireless signal to a corresponding phase-controlled feed source in the feed source group to generate primary radiation, and the primary radiation generates high-gain secondary radiation through the focusing effect of the luneberg lens.
The primary radiation generated by the phase control feed source is generally spherical wave, and the spherical wave is changed into plane wave through the focusing action of the luneberg lens, so that high-gain secondary radiation is generated.
Further, the phase shifter is used for performing phase compensation on the wireless signals, so that signals output by the power signal transmitting channels are in phase with each other.
Further, the phase control feed source is any one of a microstrip antenna, a Vivaldi antenna, a corrugated horn antenna, a yagi antenna and a waveguide.
The phased feed is a small scale phased array antenna, for example: the 16-element phased array formed by 16 microstrip antenna units can be used as a phased feed source of a luneberg lens.
The corrugated horn antenna has the characteristics of high gain, small reflection, wide frequency band and the like, so the invention can also adopt the corrugated horn antenna as a phase control feed source.
Further, the luneberg lens is manufactured by 3D printing.
Furthermore, in the high-gain wide-angle scanning satellite-borne antenna based on the luneberg lens framework, in the beam scanning implementation process, inter-group coarse scanning is performed by switching different phase control feed sources, and then fine scanning is performed by changing the phase weight of the phase control feed sources, so that large-angle scanning and beam covering are jointly implemented.
The invention designs the satellite-borne antenna which can realize high gain and wide angle scanning simultaneously, on one hand, the defect of large size and heavy weight of a mechanical scanning antenna is overcome, and on the other hand, compared with a phased array high gain antenna, the invention reduces the number of channels and reduces the array scale and the cost. According to the invention, through an electric scanning mode combining coarse scanning and fine scanning, high-gain and wide-angle scanning of the antenna is realized, and the defects of large volume, heavy weight and high cost in the traditional beam scanning mode are avoided.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a high-gain wide-angle scanning satellite-borne antenna based on a Luneberg lens framework, which realizes high-gain and wide-angle scanning performance of the antenna simultaneously through the Luneberg lens framework based on phased feed source switching.
2. The invention provides a high-gain wide-angle scanning satellite-borne antenna based on a Luneberg lens framework, which can realize high-gain and wide-angle scanning at the same time, overcomes the defects of large size and heavy weight of a mechanical scanning antenna on one hand, and reduces the number of channels and the array scale and cost compared with a phased array high-gain antenna on the other hand.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front view of a high-gain wide-angle scanning space-borne antenna based on a Luneberg lens architecture and provided with seven feed sources;
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of a high-gain wide-angle scanning spaceborne antenna based on a Luneberg lens structure and provided with seven feed sources;
fig. 3 is a system architecture diagram according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a feed source composition schematic.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1-luneberg lens, 2-phase control feed source.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1
In this embodiment, 7 feed sources are taken as an example to describe the technical scheme of the present invention in detail:
as shown in fig. 1-3, a high-gain wide-angle scanning space-borne antenna based on a luneberg lens architecture comprises a feed source group consisting of 1 luneberg lens and 7 phase-controlled feed sources; 7 phased feed sources in the feed source group are arranged in a hexagonal array, one phased feed source is arranged in the middle, six phased feed sources are arranged in the outer circle, the arranged feed source group is also distributed in a hexagonal array, and the 7 phased feed sources are tightly attached to the lower surface of the luneberg lens.
Fig. 3 is a system architecture diagram of the present invention, in which the small blocks represent one feed source and PA represents a power amplifier.
The device also comprises 7 phase shifters with the same quantity as the 7 phase control feed sources, and 7 power signal transmitting channels with the same quantity as the phase control feed sources; each of the power signal transmission channels includes a phase shifter, an output of each of the phase shifters being connected to an input of each of the phase control feeds. Also includes 1 power amplifier PA; the output end of the power amplifier PA is connected with the input ends of 7 phase shifters, and the power signal transmitting channels connected with each phase control feed source are identical in structure and independent from each other.
In a signal transmission mode, the power amplifier PA performs phase compensation on a received wireless signal transmitted by a communication object through the phase shifter, and then transmits the wireless signal to a corresponding phase-controlled feed source in the feed source group to generate primary radiation, and the primary radiation generates high-gain secondary radiation through the focusing effect of the luneberg lens.
The primary radiation generated by the phase control feed source is generally spherical wave, and the spherical wave is changed into plane wave through the focusing action of the luneberg lens, so that high-gain secondary radiation is generated.
The phase shifter in this embodiment is configured to perform phase compensation on the wireless signal, so that signals output by the power signal transmission channels are in phase with each other.
Each phased feed source is a small-scale phased array antenna, and the embodiment adopts a 16-array element phased array formed by 16 microstrip antenna units as the phased feed source of the luneberg lens.
The luneberg lens in this embodiment is made by 3D printing.
In the high-gain wide-angle scanning satellite-borne antenna based on the luneberg lens framework, in the beam scanning implementation process, inter-group coarse scanning is performed by switching different phase control feed sources, and then fine scanning is performed by changing the phase weight of the phase control feed sources, so that large-angle scanning and beam covering are jointly implemented.
Example 2
In this embodiment, 37 feed sources are taken as an example to describe the technical scheme of the present invention in detail:
a high-gain wide-angle scanning satellite-borne antenna based on a Luneberg lens framework comprises a feed source group consisting of 1 Luneberg lens and 37 phase control feed sources; 37 phased feed sources in the feed source group are distributed in a hexagonal array, one phased feed source is arranged in the middle, and the phased feed sources are uniformly arranged in each circle outwards according to a regular hexagon; the placed feed source groups are also distributed in a hexagonal array, and 37 phase control feed sources are tightly attached to the lower surface of the Luneberg lens.
Fig. 3 is a system architecture diagram of the present invention, in which the small blocks represent one feed source and PA represents a power amplifier.
The device also comprises 37 phase shifters with the same number as the 37 phase control feeds and 37 power signal transmitting channels with the same number as the phase control feeds; each of the power signal transmission channels includes a phase shifter, an output of each of the phase shifters being connected to an input of each of the phase control feeds. Also includes 1 power amplifier PA; the output end of the power amplifier PA is connected with the input ends of the 37 phase shifters, and the power signal transmitting channels connected with each phase control feed source are identical in structure and independent from each other.
In a signal transmission mode, the power amplifier PA performs phase compensation on a received wireless signal transmitted by a communication object through the phase shifter, and then transmits the wireless signal to a corresponding phase-controlled feed source in the feed source group to generate primary radiation, and the primary radiation generates high-gain secondary radiation through the focusing effect of the luneberg lens.
The primary radiation generated by the phase control feed source is generally spherical wave, and the spherical wave is changed into plane wave through the focusing action of the luneberg lens, so that high-gain secondary radiation is generated.
The phase shifter in this embodiment is configured to perform phase compensation on the wireless signal, so that signals output by the power signal transmission channels are in phase with each other.
Each phased feed source is a small-scale phased array antenna, and the embodiment adopts a 16-array element phased array formed by 16 microstrip antenna units as the phased feed source of the luneberg lens.
The luneberg lens in this embodiment is made by 3D printing.
In the high-gain wide-angle scanning satellite-borne antenna based on the luneberg lens framework, in the beam scanning implementation process, inter-group coarse scanning is performed by switching different phase control feed sources, and then fine scanning is performed by changing the phase weight of the phase control feed sources, so that large-angle scanning and beam covering are jointly implemented.
Example 3
In this embodiment, 61 feed sources are taken as an example to explain the technical scheme of the present invention in detail:
a high-gain wide-angle scanning satellite-borne antenna based on a Luneberg lens framework comprises a feed source group consisting of 1 Luneberg lens and 61 phase control feed sources; 61 phased feed sources in the feed source group are distributed in a hexagonal array, one phased feed source is arranged in the middle, and the phased feed sources are uniformly arranged in each circle outwards according to a regular hexagon; the placed feed source groups are also distributed in a hexagonal array, and 61 phase control feed sources are tightly attached to the lower surface of the Luneberg lens.
Fig. 3 is a system architecture diagram of the present invention, in which the small blocks represent one feed source and PA represents a power amplifier.
As shown in fig. 3, the system further includes 61 phase shifters in an amount equal to that of the 61 phase control feeds, and 61 power signal transmission channels in an amount equal to that of the phase control feeds; each of the power signal transmission channels includes a phase shifter, an output of each of the phase shifters being connected to an input of each of the phase control feeds. Also includes 1 power amplifier PA; the output end of the power amplifier PA is connected with the input ends of the 61 phase shifters, and the power signal transmitting channels connected with each phase control feed source are identical in structure and independent from each other.
In a signal transmission mode, the power amplifier PA performs phase compensation on a received wireless signal transmitted by a communication object through the phase shifter, and then transmits the wireless signal to a corresponding phase-controlled feed source in the feed source group to generate primary radiation, and the primary radiation generates high-gain secondary radiation through the focusing effect of the luneberg lens.
The primary radiation generated by the phase control feed source is generally spherical wave, and the spherical wave is changed into plane wave through the focusing action of the luneberg lens, so that high-gain secondary radiation is generated.
The phase shifter in this embodiment is configured to perform phase compensation on the wireless signal, so that signals output by the power signal transmission channels are in phase with each other.
Each phased feed source is a small-scale phased array antenna, and the embodiment adopts a 16-array element phased array formed by 16 microstrip antenna units as the phased feed source of the luneberg lens.
The luneberg lens in this embodiment is made by 3D printing.
In the high-gain wide-angle scanning satellite-borne antenna based on the luneberg lens framework, in the beam scanning implementation process, inter-group coarse scanning is performed by switching different phase control feed sources, and then fine scanning is performed by changing the phase weight of the phase control feed sources, so that large-angle scanning and beam covering are jointly implemented.
The invention is suitable for any frequency band, and takes ka frequency band as an example, triangular grid layout and 61 feed sources as an example, and elaborates the technical scheme in detail:
the whole system consists of a luneberg lens antenna and a plurality of (61 here as an example) feed sources, each feed source is a small phased array with xx channels, as shown in fig. 4; the following explains the working principle by taking the scanning performance in one-dimensional direction as an example:
in order to achieve the aim of scanning a target in a large angle in a one-dimensional direction, such as +/-45 degrees, and 9 feed sources in the maximum one-dimensional direction,
between the feed sources: coarse sweeping, divided into 9 regions
In the feed source: fine scanning to finish +/-5 DEG scanning
61 phase control feed sources adopt 1 power amplifier PA and 61 phase shifter structures, so that the number of channels and the cost are greatly reduced;
during scanning, 9 feed sources in one-dimensional direction are distributed at 9 different positions, so that through switching, the antenna only needs to scan +/-5 degrees when each feed source works (rough scanning); because the high-gain antenna beam is narrow, generally 2 degrees and below, the beam still needs to have a scanning function within the range of +/-5 degrees, otherwise, covered pits can appear, so that the edge between the beams is reduced too much, and the beam still can be scanned (scanned) within +/-5 degrees when one feed source works by adjusting the phase weight of each channel in each feed source. And the combination of coarse scanning and fine scanning finally realizes the large-angle scanning characteristic of the beam under the condition of high gain.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A high-gain wide-angle scanning satellite-borne antenna based on a Luneberg lens framework is characterized by comprising a feed source group consisting of a Luneberg lens (1) and a plurality of phase-controlled feed sources (2); each phase control feed source (2) in the feed source group is tightly attached to the lower surface of the Luneberg lens (1);
the device also comprises a plurality of phase shifters with the same number as the phase control feed source (2) and a plurality of power signal transmitting channels with the same number as the phase control feed source (2); each of the power signal transmission channels includes a phase shifter, an output of each of the phase shifters being connected to an input of each of the phase control feeds.
2. The luneberg lens architecture based high-gain wide-angle scanning space-borne antenna according to claim 1, further comprising a power amplifier PA; the output end of the power amplifier PA is connected with the input ends of a plurality of phase shifters, and the power signal transmitting channels connected with each phase control feed source (2) are identical in structure and independent from each other.
3. The luneberg lens architecture-based high-gain wide-angle scanning spaceborne antenna as claimed in claim 2, wherein the feed groups are arranged in a hexagonal array, a phased feed (2) is arranged in the middle, and the phased feed (2) is uniformly arranged according to a regular hexagon in every outward circle.
4. The luneberg lens architecture based high-gain wide-angle scanning space-borne antenna according to claim 3, wherein in the signal transmission mode, the power amplifier PA performs phase compensation on the received wireless signal transmitted from the communication object through the phase shifter, and then transmits the wireless signal to the corresponding phase-controlled feed source (2) in the feed source group to generate primary radiation, and the primary radiation generates high-gain secondary radiation through the focusing effect of the luneberg lens (1).
5. The luneberg lens architecture based high-gain wide-angle scanning space-borne antenna according to claim 4, wherein the phase shifter is configured to perform phase compensation on the wireless signals, so that the signals output by the power signal transmission channels are in phase with each other.
6. The luneberg lens architecture based high-gain wide-angle scanning space-borne antenna according to claim 1, wherein the phase control feed (2) is any one of a microstrip antenna, a Vivaldi antenna, a horn antenna, a yagi antenna, and a waveguide.
7. The luneberg lens architecture based high-gain wide-angle scanning space-borne antenna according to claim 1, wherein the luneberg lens (1) is made by 3D printing.
8. The luneberg lens architecture-based high-gain wide-angle scanning spaceborne antenna according to claim 4, wherein in the beam scanning implementation process, inter-group coarse scanning is performed by switching different phase control feed sources (2), and then fine scanning is performed by changing the phase weight of the phase control feed sources (2), so that large-angle scanning and beam covering are jointly implemented.
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| CN202110963142.8A CN113675614A (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2021-08-20 | High-gain wide-angle scanning satellite-borne antenna based on luneberg lens framework |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04319804A (en) * | 1991-01-31 | 1992-11-10 | Agence Spatiale Europ | Electronic controlling apparatus for radiation pattern of antenna having beam whose one or more widths and/or directions can be varied |
| JPH0595221A (en) * | 1991-09-30 | 1993-04-16 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Antenna system |
| CN108461932A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-08-28 | 广东博纬通信科技有限公司 | A kind of analog beam shaped aerial array of low complex degree |
| CN108808260A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-13 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of modification cylinder/spherical surface Luneberg lens antenna based on phased array feed |
| CN109560392A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-04-02 | 北京神舟博远科技有限公司 | A kind of low cost wide-angle wave cover phased array antenna system |
-
2021
- 2021-08-20 CN CN202110963142.8A patent/CN113675614A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04319804A (en) * | 1991-01-31 | 1992-11-10 | Agence Spatiale Europ | Electronic controlling apparatus for radiation pattern of antenna having beam whose one or more widths and/or directions can be varied |
| JPH0595221A (en) * | 1991-09-30 | 1993-04-16 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Antenna system |
| CN108461932A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-08-28 | 广东博纬通信科技有限公司 | A kind of analog beam shaped aerial array of low complex degree |
| CN108808260A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-13 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of modification cylinder/spherical surface Luneberg lens antenna based on phased array feed |
| CN109560392A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-04-02 | 北京神舟博远科技有限公司 | A kind of low cost wide-angle wave cover phased array antenna system |
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