CN113664135A - Double-column free forging hydraulic unit - Google Patents
Double-column free forging hydraulic unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN113664135A CN113664135A CN202110965248.1A CN202110965248A CN113664135A CN 113664135 A CN113664135 A CN 113664135A CN 202110965248 A CN202110965248 A CN 202110965248A CN 113664135 A CN113664135 A CN 113664135A
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J9/00—Forging presses
- B21J9/02—Special design or construction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/04—Frames; Guides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J9/00—Forging presses
- B21J9/10—Drives for forging presses
- B21J9/20—Control devices specially adapted to forging presses not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups
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Abstract
The invention provides a double-column free forging hydraulic unit which comprises a rack, a movable workbench, a movable cross beam, a main working cylinder, a return cylinder, a hydraulic system, an electrical system and an operation and control system, wherein the rack comprises an upper cross beam, a lower cross beam and two upright columns, two convex mounting seats for placing the return cylinder are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the lower cross beam, column sleeves embedded with wear-resistant guide plates are arranged on the outer sides of the upright columns, an X-shaped guide device for mounting the movable workbench is further arranged on the rack, the operation and control system comprises a manual control system, a semi-automatic control system, an automatic control system and a linkage control system, and the automatic control system can be switched into the manual control system at any time through a manual operation handle in the working process. The control that can realize multiple mode and conveniently realize the conversion between the above-mentioned working method to can carry out manual intervention under automatic, can also solve the trouble and the poor problem of stand rigidity of mobile workbench dismouting, the security is good, and work efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forging hydraulic press equipment, in particular to a double-column free forging hydraulic unit.
Background
The equipment manufacturing industry is a fundamental and strategic industry for providing technical equipment in various fields of national economy and national defense construction, and particularly the large-scale equipment manufacturing industry has great strategic significance for supporting the good and fast development of national economy and national safety. With the continuous progress of science and technology in China, the demand of heavy machinery is increased, the application of large-tonnage hydraulic presses is increased, particularly free forging hydraulic presses which are a basic process for metal plastic processing are adopted, the free forging hydraulic presses are formed by the pressure of the hydraulic presses, the impact vibration is small, the environmental impact is small, the tonnage is increased from thousands of tons to tens of thousands of tons in the past, and the requirement on forging precision is increased. For forging large forgings, the working condition is severe, and the requirement on equipment is high, however, the structure of an anti-unbalance-load loading system of the existing free forging hydraulic press unit, such as a free forging hydraulic press of patent CN201010161387.0, and the structure of a free forging hydraulic press of patent CN201010563407.7, mainly have the following difficulties:
1. the existing free forging hydraulic press upright column is generally of an integral structure, the cross section of the existing free forging hydraulic press upright column is of a rectangular or round structure, the movable cross beam is generally sleeved on the upright column to slide up and down, although the guide plate is arranged, the integral strength and the wear resistance are insufficient, when the movable cross beam is used on a forging hydraulic press which is larger than 50MN, the problems of poor rigidity and wear resistance are easily caused, the manufacturing cost of the movable cross beam is higher, the integral weight is larger, and meanwhile, the problem of poor flexibility is caused when the movable cross beam slides up and down;
2. when the movable workbench is assembled, the movable workbench is generally required to be hoisted to the rack by a crane and then aligned and aligned for multiple times due to the large weight of the movable workbench, and even if the movable workbench is matched with a transverse anvil moving device for use, the movable workbench needs to be corrected for a long time, so that the assembly difficulty is seriously improved, and the installation efficiency is influenced;
3. the pull rod in the upper and lower beams of the existing free forging hydraulic press and the upright post is positioned by adopting a rectangular positioning key, the problem that the rectangular positioning key moves outwards exists in the using process, and the pull rod is used for installing the space in which the rectangular positioning key is in contact with the outside, so that the precision and the service life of the pull rod are easily influenced in the later-stage using process. Meanwhile, the upper and lower cross beams and the pull rod are fixed and pre-tightened by adopting a conventional gasket and a nut at present, the gasket is easy to generate in the stamping process, the nut at the bottom is in a loosening risk due to the moving displacement motion, and the gasket is generally a circular gasket, so that once the nut is loosened, the automatic rotation phenomenon is easy to occur, and the tensioning force is insufficient;
4. when the guide plate is positioned, screws are usually adopted for fixing at present, and in the assembling process, as a plurality of screws are required for locking simultaneously, slight inclination is easy to occur, although the use is not influenced, certain influence is caused on the precision of a contact surface in the long-term use process, and if the displacement is overlarge, the abrasion phenomenon is easy to occur;
5. the existing large free forging hydraulic press has the problems that the return cylinders are generally arranged on two sides of a frame, so that the quantity of the return cylinders is limited, the length of the return cylinders is large, the up-and-down moving efficiency of a movable cross beam is low, the whole working efficiency is low, and the existing free forging hydraulic press has the defects of high firmness, reliability deviation, large unbalance loading and large slide block stroke;
6. the machine leveling difficulty, the control mode is single during forging control, the flexibility is poor, especially, the phenomenon that the forging size is excessive due to misoperation is easy to occur in a semi-automatic free forging hydraulic press, meanwhile, the existing programmable control unit of the equipment generally adopts unified assembly, the assembly, disassembly and replacement are troublesome, the maintenance difficulty is high, the electric quantity is high, and the forging frequency cannot be improved easily due to the long return stroke of liquid during forging.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve some or some technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a double-column free forging hydraulic unit which can realize manual, semi-automatic, automatic and linkage control, can conveniently realize the conversion between the working modes on an operation table, can perform manual intervention under automatic condition, can solve the problems of troublesome disassembly and assembly of a movable working table and poor rigidity of an upright column, and has the advantages of simple structure, high position precision, low manufacturing cost, good safety, long service life and high working efficiency.
In order to solve the above-mentioned existing technical problem, the invention adopts the following scheme:
a double-column free forging hydraulic unit comprises a rack, a movable workbench arranged on the rack, a movable cross beam arranged on the rack and used for impacting and forging a forge piece on the movable workbench, a main working cylinder and a return cylinder which are arranged on the rack and used for controlling the movable cross beam up and down, a hydraulic system, an electrical system and an operation and control system which are used for controlling the main working cylinder and the return cylinder, wherein the rack comprises an upper cross beam, a lower cross beam, two stand columns arranged between the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam, the main working cylinder is arranged at the top of the upper cross beam, two convex mounting seats are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the lower cross beam, the return cylinders are arranged on the mounting seats at least four bottoms, the cross sections of the stand columns are of rectangular structures, column sleeves are arranged on the outer sides of the stand columns, and the inner side surfaces of the column sleeves are of arc-shaped convex structures, the surface of the column sleeve is embedded with a wear-resistant guide plate, the movable cross beam slides up and down through the wear-resistant guide plates on the two sides, an X-shaped guide device is also arranged between the frame and the movable workbench, the movable workbench is connected and fixed through the X-shaped guide device, the operation and control system comprises a manual control system for controlling the hydraulic unit to work through a manual operation handle, a semi-automatic control system for controlling the start and the forging size position protection combination through the manual operation handle, an automatic control system for directly controlling through a start or stop button after forging parameters are set through the system, and a linkage control system for synchronously controlling the forging of the hydraulic unit and the forging auxiliary equipment, wherein different control systems can be mutually switched, the automatic control system can be switched into a manual control system at any time through the manual operation handle in the working process.
Further, hydraulic system includes main control system, quick return stroke system, auxiliary control system and filters cooling circulation system, main control system with auxiliary control system is used for control the main working cylinder with the feed liquor, the flowing back of return stroke jar and realize movable beam's idle stroke, forging and pressing, uninstallation, return stroke and stop, quick return stroke system comprises energy storage ware, energy storage ware control valve group for guarantee hydraulic unit's quick return stroke, and overcome the large-traffic overflow when hydraulic unit return stroke, reduce fluid and generate heat and reduce fluid temperature.
Further, the main working cylinder with the feed liquor of return stroke jar adopts hierarchical volume control, the main working cylinder adopts oil pump direct drive, the pump head valve unit of main working cylinder adopts the import ball valve, still be equipped with a big latus rectum hydraulic pressure self-control formula check valve in the return stroke jar, be used for control the oil extraction separation is advanced to the return stroke jar, reduces the impact vibration when forging of system high frequency.
Further, the electric system comprises a power supply control unit for supplying power to the hydraulic system, the electric system and the operation and control system, a motor driving unit for driving and controlling the main working cylinder and the return cylinder, a programmable control unit, a human-computer interaction unit and a software platform, wherein the programmable control unit comprises a press main station, a press remote station and an operator remote station.
Furthermore, the human-computer interaction unit comprises an operation console, an analog display screen and a television monitoring system, wherein a manual operation handle, a working mode setting device, an auxiliary system control switch, an emergency stop switch and a TFT touch screen are arranged on the operation console, and the television monitoring system comprises a constant-speed ball type camera, a control holder, a hard disk video recorder and a liquid crystal television.
Furthermore, the X-shaped guide device comprises two guide seats arranged on the lower cross beam and a plurality of strip-shaped mounting holes arranged on the guide seats, the horizontal planes of the two guide seats are of a T-shaped structure, a limiting sliding groove with two ends penetrating is formed between the two guide seats, and the movable workbench is limited and moved to be disassembled and assembled through the limiting sliding groove.
Further, arc grooves are formed in two ends of the movable cross beam, each column sleeve is provided with two rows of wear-resistant guide plates, each row of guide plates are 4-6, the movable cross beam passes through the arc grooves, is in a semi-surrounding type and is in sliding connection with the column sleeve, and the inner side surfaces of the arc grooves slide up and down through the wear-resistant guide plates.
Furthermore, the movable cross beam, the frame and the movable worktable are all made of ZG25Mn cast steel, and the machining stress is eliminated by secondary heat treatment after the integral rough machining.
Further, the horizontal error of the upper surface of the lower cross beam is not more than 0.2mm/m, the plumb straightness error of the two upright columns is not more than 0.2mm/m in the total height, and the plumb straightness error of the total length is not more than 0.8 mm.
Furthermore, four pull rods are arranged between the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam and between the two upright columns, two ends of each pull rod are provided with a threaded stretcher for pre-tightening, the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam are fixed at two ends of each upright column through the threaded stretcher for pre-tightening, the pre-tightening force of the threaded stretcher is 20600 KN-20650 KN, the pull rods are made of 30Cr2Ni2Mo high-strength forged steel, and the elongation error of the four pull rods is not more than 0.2 mm.
Further, the thread stretcher comprises a base plate and a locking round nut, wherein the base plate is arranged at the bottom of the locking round nut, the two adjacent pull rods at the same end are fixedly connected with the base plate, two positioning rings protruding downwards are arranged at the bottom of the base plate, and the base plate is locked and fixed through the positioning rings after being clamped.
Furthermore, an anti-loosening plate is further arranged on the outer side of the thread stretcher at the bottom of the lower cross beam, and the anti-loosening plate and the locking round nut are fixed through screws.
Furthermore, be equipped with on the post cover every wear-resisting deflector carries out the fixed punch combination and the location punch combination that fix, the location punch combination adopts two and is located both ends intermediate position about the wear-resisting deflector, the fixed punch combination adopts 6-8 and symmetry to set up the both sides of locating hole, the location punch combination with adopt the internal thread cylindric lock to connect between the wear-resisting deflector, the fixed punch combination with it is fixed through hexagon socket head cap screw between the wear-resisting deflector.
Furthermore, a plurality of annular keys and locking keys are arranged at the connecting parts between the upper cross beam and the upright post and between the lower cross beam and the upright post, the locking keys are connected on the upright post in a clamping mode, the annular keys are sleeved on the outer sides of the locking keys, and the annular keys and the upper cross beam or the lower cross beam are locked and fixed through screws.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the number of the return cylinders is at least four, and the bottoms of the return cylinders are arranged on the mounting seats at the front side and the rear side of the lower cross beam, so that the width of the whole free forging hydraulic unit is reduced, the working efficiency of the return cylinders is improved, the resetting speed of the movable cross beam is higher, the stability is better, the problems that the number of the return cylinders is troublesome to add and the return efficiency is low in the prior art are effectively solved, and the overall working efficiency is higher;
2. the column sleeve which is cambered and protrudes outwards is sleeved outside the upright column, so that the firmness and reliability of the whole machine body can be better through the column sleeve sleeved outside the upright column, the horizontal plane position precision of the movable cross beam is ensured, the service life between the movable cross beam and the upright column is prolonged, the movable cross beam does not wrap the column sleeve and the upright column in a whole manner, and the manufacturing cost of the whole equipment can be lower;
3. the X-shaped guide device is arranged on the frame, the movable workbench is arranged on the lower cross beam through the X-shaped guide device, and can be quickly positioned and installed through the X-shaped guide device, when the movable workbench is assembled, the problem that the position of the conventional movable workbench needs to be debugged for many times for a long time when being installed due to large weight is effectively solved, so that the movable workbench can be quickly positioned and moved during installation and disassembly, and particularly after being matched with the transverse anvil moving device for use, the movable workbench on the transverse anvil moving device can be quickly and accurately assembled on the X-shaped guide device for locking and fastening, the assembly efficiency of the large-scale movable workbench is higher, and the required labor intensity is lower;
4. can also realize manual, semi-automatic, automatic and coordinated control through operation and control system, can conveniently realize the conversion between the above-mentioned working method on the operation panel to can carry out manual intervention under automatic, can also solve the trouble and the poor problem of stand rigidity of moving the dismouting of workstation, simple structure, the position precision is high and the cost of manufacture is low, and the security is good, long service life, work efficiency is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a frame according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the threaded stretcher mounting structure on the upper cross beam in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the threaded stretcher mounting structure on the lower beam in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the connection relationship between the ring key and the lock key in the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a threaded stretcher 1, a lower cross beam 2, a mounting seat 3, a stand column 4, a column sleeve 5, a wear-resistant guide plate 6, a positioning hole group 7, a fixed hole group 8, an arc-shaped groove 9, a movable cross beam 10, an upper cross beam 11, a side cylinder 12, a middle cylinder 13, a main working cylinder 14, a pull rod 15, an annular key 16, a movable workbench 17, a return cylinder 18, an X-shaped guide device 19, a frame 20, a locking round nut 21, a backing plate 22, a positioning ring 23, an anti-loosening plate 24, a guide seat 25, a mounting hole 26, a limiting sliding groove 27 and a locking key 28.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that any combination of the embodiments or technical features described below can be used to form a new embodiment without conflict.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a double-column free forging hydraulic unit includes a frame 20, a movable table 17 disposed on the frame 20, a movable cross beam 10 disposed on the frame 20 for impact forging of a forged piece on the movable table 17, a main working cylinder 14 and a return cylinder 18 disposed on the frame 20 for controlling the movable cross beam 10 up and down, a hydraulic system, an electrical system, and an operation and control system for controlling the main working cylinder 14 and the return cylinder 18, wherein the frame 20 includes an upper cross beam 11, a lower cross beam 2, and two vertical columns 4 disposed between the upper cross beam 11 and the lower cross beam 2, the main working cylinder 14 is disposed on the top of the upper cross beam 11, two convex mounting seats 3 are disposed on the front and rear sides of the lower cross beam 2, at least four return cylinders 18 are disposed on the mounting seats 3, the cross section of the vertical columns 4 is a rectangular structure, the outer side of the upright post 4 is provided with a post sleeve 5, the inner side surface of the post sleeve 5 is of an arc-shaped protruding structure, a wear-resistant guide plate 6 is inlaid on the surface of the post sleeve 5, the movable cross beam 10 slides up and down through the wear-resistant guide plates 6 on the two sides, an X-shaped guide device 19 is further arranged between the frame 20 and the movable workbench 17, the movable workbench 17 is fixedly connected through the X-shaped guide device 19, the operation and control system comprises a manual control system for controlling the hydraulic unit to work through a manual operating handle, an automatic control system for controlling the starting and system setting forging size and position protection to be combined through the manual operating handle, an automatic control system for controlling the hydraulic unit and forging auxiliary equipment directly through a starting or stopping button after forging parameters are set through the system, and a linkage control system for synchronously controlling and forging the hydraulic unit and the forging auxiliary equipment, different control systems can be mutually switched, and the automatic control system can be switched into a manual control system at any time through the manual operation handle in the working process.
In the actual use process, the free forging hydraulic unit is controlled by a hydraulic system, an electrical system and an operation and control system, so as to realize forging construction of products, wherein a main working cylinder 14 consists of a middle cylinder 13 and 1-2 side cylinders 12, a movable cross beam 10 pushes downwards through the main working cylinder 14 and then carries out stamping forging on the products placed on a movable workbench 17, because the front side and the rear side of a lower cross beam 2 are respectively provided with two convex mounting seats 3, the mounting seats 3 are respectively positioned at the two sides of an upright post 4, return cylinders 18 are arranged on the mounting seats 3, the width of the whole free forging hydraulic unit cannot be increased, the disassembly and assembly of the products cannot be influenced after the assembly, four return cylinders 18 can be arranged on the whole equipment, and the speed can be faster and the stability is better when the movable cross beam 10 needs to reset after stamping forging, the problems that the quantity of return cylinders 18 is troublesome to add and the return efficiency is low in the prior art are effectively solved, the up-and-down moving efficiency of the movable cross beam 10 is higher, the whole working efficiency is higher, meanwhile, the column sleeve 5 with the arc-shaped convex structure on the inner side surface is arranged on the outer side of the upright post 4 with the rectangular cross section, two ends of the movable cross beam 10 are in contact with the arc-shaped convex surface of the column sleeve 5, the movable cross beam 10 is in contact with the column sleeve 5 through the wear-resistant guide plate 6 and slides up and down, the firmness and the reliability of the whole machine body are better, the horizontal plane position precision of the movable cross beam 10 is ensured, the service life between the movable cross beam and the upright post is prolonged, the movable cross beam 10 does not wrap the column sleeve 5 and the upright post 4 completely, the manufacturing cost of the whole equipment is lower, the X-shaped guide device 19 is arranged on the frame 20, the movable workbench 17 is arranged on the lower cross beam 2 through the X-shaped guide device 19, can fix a position and install fast to shift table 17 through X shape guider 19, when assembling shift table 17, the effectual current shift table 17 of having solved because of the great problem that needs the long-time many times of debugging the position of installation because of weight, make shift table 17 can be quick location and removal when installation and dismantlement, especially cooperate horizontal anvil moving device again to use the back, can make on the horizontal anvil moving device shift table 17 quick and accurate assemble the locking on X shape guider 19 and fix, it is higher to large-scale shift table 17 assembly efficiency, required intensity of labour is lower.
When forging control is carried out on the hydraulic unit, the operation and control system is divided into a manual control system, a semi-automatic control system, an automatic control system and a linkage control system, different control systems can be mutually switched, the manual control system can be switched to the manual control system at any time through a manual operation handle in the working process of the automatic control system, manual, semi-automatic, automatic and linkage control can be further realized through the operation and control system, the switching between the working modes can be conveniently realized on an operation table, manual intervention can be carried out automatically, the problems of troublesome disassembly and assembly of the movable working table 17 and poor rigidity of the upright post 4 can be solved, the structure is simple, the position precision is high, the manufacturing cost is low, the safety is good, the service life is long, and the working efficiency is high. The specific operation of the different control systems is as follows:
manual control system: the actions of the hydraulic unit and the operating machine are respectively controlled by a master handle on the operating platform;
semi-automatic control system: the action of the press is determined by a main control handle of the press, but the press has the function of protecting the forging size position, and when the press reaches the forging size position, the press cannot move downwards even if the main control handle of the press is in a pressurizing or quick-falling position, so that the forging process is protected. The setting of forging size of the liquid crystal display or the setting of a master handle of a press has two modes, namely: setting a liquid crystal display: inputting a forging actual size value in a data column with crossed forging sizes and passes to enable the press to have a forging size position protection function; setting a master handle: after the press is operated to mainly make the handle finish primary forging, a current value key is pressed, and the system automatically inputs the minimum size value of the last forging into a data column with the crossed forging size and pass, so that the press has the function of protecting the forging size position.
An automatic control system: the press automatically forges according to the parameters set by the liquid crystal display, the press enters the automatic forging process by pressing the 'open forging' key, the press is switched to manual operation (manual intervention) by operating the main command handle of the press at any time, and the press stops by pressing the 'stop' key. And operating an 'operator automatic walking' or 'clamp automatic rotation' switch, wherein the operator automatically walks or automatically rotates for one step according to the preset displacement and rotation angle, and if a corresponding operator main command handle is operated in the automatic walking or rotation process of the operator, the corresponding action of the operator is converted into manual action.
Linkage control system: when forging a product, a hydraulic unit is generally matched with some forging auxiliary equipment, such as a cart and a clamp, and the rotation and walking control of an operating machine is set in multiple steps according to cart walking displacement and clamp rotation angle set by a liquid crystal display. The press machine automatically runs after the 'open forging' key is pressed down, at the moment, an 'operator automatically walks' or a 'clamp automatically rotates' switch is operated, the operator automatically and continuously walks or automatically and continuously rotates according to the preset displacement and rotation angle, and the process circularly works until the set process steps are completed.
The hydraulic system comprises a main control system, a quick return system, an auxiliary control system and a filtering and cooling circulation system, wherein the main control system and the auxiliary control system are used for controlling liquid feeding and discharging of the main working cylinder 14 and the return cylinder 18 to realize idle stroke, forging, unloading, return stroke and stopping of the movable cross beam 10, and the quick return system consists of an energy accumulator and an energy accumulator control valve group and is used for ensuring the quick return of the hydraulic unit, overcoming the large-flow overflow during the return stroke of the hydraulic unit, reducing the heating of oil and lowering the temperature of the oil; the main working cylinder 14 with the feed liquor of return cylinder 18 adopts hierarchical volume control, main working cylinder 14 adopts oil pump direct drive, the pump head valve unit of main working cylinder 14 adopts the import ball valve, still be equipped with a big latus rectum hydraulic pressure self-control formula check valve in the return cylinder 18, be used for control return cylinder 18 advances the oil extraction separation, reduces the impact vibration when forging of system high frequency.
The hydraulic system comprises a main control system, a quick return system, an auxiliary control system and a filtering cooling circulating system, and also comprises a plurality of conventional pilot control systems, a detection device, a high-pressure pipeline, pipeline accessories and the like. The hydraulic system adopts an oil pump for direct transmission, 20 sets of quantitative pump sets with the discharge capacity of 250ml/r are selected, 10 sets of German Leishile original-package products are selected, 10 sets of 315KW 4-grade double-output-shaft motors are used, the nominal output flow is 7200L/min, and an inlet ball valve is adopted as a pump head control valve set.
The main control system is mainly used for controlling the liquid inlet and the liquid discharge of the main working cylinder 14 and the return cylinder 18 of the hydraulic machine so as to realize idle stroke, forging, unloading, return stroke and stopping of the hydraulic machine.
All main control valves in a main control valve station in a main working cylinder 14 are integrated into a whole, liquid inlet of the main working cylinder 14 and liquid inlet of a return cylinder 18 are controlled by graded volumes, a German Leishile servo proportional valve (a valve special for a forging press) is applied to unloading of the main cylinder, and the valve has the remarkable characteristic that opening and closing actions can be carried out according to a set curve, so that stable transition of the pressing machine during action conversion is realized, double-position closed-loop control is formed by a sensor, high-precision control of a main valve core is realized, high dynamic performance is obtained, and the forging valve ensures that a hydraulic system can work quickly, stably, safely and reliably under the working conditions of high pressure, large flow and high frequency.
And a large-drift-diameter hydraulic self-control one-way valve is also arranged in the return cylinder 18, and a large-drift-diameter hydraulic self-control one-way valve is arranged at the one-way valve station and is used for separating oil from the oil in the return cylinder 18 so as to reduce the impact vibration of the system during high-frequency forging.
The quick return system is composed of an energy accumulator and an energy accumulator control valve group, the quick return of the press is mainly guaranteed, large-flow overflow during the return of the press is overcome, heating of oil is reduced, the temperature of the oil is reduced, the high-frequency forging stability and reliability are improved by adopting an energy accumulator quick return device, the production efficiency is also improved, and the forging hydraulic press can reach 55MN forging pressure by adopting the design.
In a further improvement, the electrical system comprises the power supply control unit for supplying power to the hydraulic system, the electrical system and the operation and control system, a motor drive unit for driving and controlling the main working cylinder 14 and the return cylinder 18, a programmable control unit, a human-computer interaction unit and a software platform, wherein the programmable control unit comprises a press main station, a press remote station and an operator remote station.
The electric control system adopts an open type general industrial field control bus (Profinet) system structure based on SIMATIC network architecture, and a machine set real-time network control system is formed by networking a programmable controller with a network control function, an industrial field bus control unit, a setting computer and a monitoring computer.
The automatic control system of the whole hydraulic unit takes SIEMENS (Siemens) S7 series PLC as a core, the series PLC has a modular structure and extremely strong expansion capability, all modules can be replaced under the condition of electrification, and the reliability is extremely high. The manual, semi-automatic, automatic and linkage operation of the press is realized under the control of the PLC, and the control precision of +/-1 mm is ensured.
After the power supply control unit provides AC 380V power supply for users to the incoming line cabinet, the power supply control unit provides a safe, efficient and clean power source for the whole control system, and the power supply control unit also comprises control power supplies of AC 380V, AC220V, DC 24V, DC +/-10V and the like.
The motor driving unit mainly controls driving motors of a press, an operating machine, an auxiliary system pump station and the like, the main working cylinder 14 adopts an 80V low-voltage main pump motor started by a soft starter, the starting curve and time can be set according to the field condition, the starting performance is greatly improved, the current impact and the power grid fluctuation during starting are reduced, the energy is saved, and the service life of the motor is prolonged; other low-voltage motors with lower power in the equipment adopt a direct starting mode;
the control system implements various effective monitoring and interlocking protection on the starting, running, stopping and other states of the motor driving unit.
The programmable control unit takes the S7 series PLC of the German SIEMENS company as the core and is connected with each distributed I/O remote station through an open industrial field communication bus (Profinet). The unit adopts a modular structure design, and input and output modules with various functions can be freely combined to meet various requirements. Wherein, the press main website: the SIMATIC S7-1500 series PLC is selected and used, and the template expansion and configuration functions of the PLC enable the PLC to be flexibly combined according to different application requirements, and the PLC is modular, free of fan design, firm and durable. The master station includes: a power module, a Central Processing Unit (CPU), various I/O modules (SM), etc.; a press remote station: an independent network is formed by the pressure machine main station and a profinet network, SIMATIC ET 200-200 SP series distributed I/O is selected, and standard safety technology is adopted to complete wiring as much as possible in advance; an operator remote station: and the independent network and the main station of the operating machine form an independent network through a profinet network, SIMATIC ET 200-200 SP series distributed I/O is selected, and standard safety technology is adopted to complete wiring as much as possible in advance.
The software platform comprises PLC programming software and computer configuration software, the PLC programming software is a standard software package used for the configuration and programming of the SIMATIC programmable controller of Siemens, has the functions of hardware configuration and parameter setting, communication configuration, programming, testing, starting and maintaining, file filing, running, diagnosing and the like, and adopts an SIMATIC manager to carry out centralized management on the quick forging unit items. The computer configuration software sets the main part of the parameter setting of the whole control system of the computer, monitors some key parameters related to the setting and is used as a core interface of man-machine interaction, and the setting system interface mainly comprises the parts of 'pass parameter setting', 'press parameters', 'operating machine parameters', 'main pump selection', 'switch control', 'anvil type parameters' and the like.
The monitoring computer system is used for displaying the detection and control parameters transmitted by the PLC system and does not directly participate in the control of the system. The monitoring system interface comprises a main interface, a press curve, a historical curve, an operating machine, parameters, fault records and the like. The operator can click on the touch screen or switch through the mouse as required.
The human-computer interaction unit comprises an operation table, an analog display screen and a television monitoring system, wherein a manual operation handle, a working mode setting device, an auxiliary system control switch, an emergency stop switch and a TFT touch screen are arranged on the operation table, and the television monitoring system comprises a constant-speed ball type camera, a control holder, a hard disk video recorder and a liquid crystal television.
The man-machine interaction unit of the hydraulic unit is built by taking an operation room as a core, operation and maintenance personnel input a handle, a button switch and the like through a setting computer on an operation console and a simulation screen to control the operation of the whole unit, and state information of the unit is known through a monitoring computer, an indicator light, an alarm and the like on the operation console and a simulation display.
The panel of the operation table is in a comfortable design and is divided into a manual operation handle, a working mode setting part, an auxiliary system control switch, an emergency stop switch, a TFT touch screen and the like. The working system and the process system of the hydraulic unit, the working parameters of a press and an operating machine and the like can be conveniently set and monitored above the touch screen;
the analog display screen is based on a hydraulic system schematic diagram of the hydraulic unit, adopts a liquid crystal television screen to display all power signals and unit electric control signal states, and has an acousto-optic alarm function;
the television monitoring system is composed of elements such as a constant-speed ball type camera, a control holder, a hard disk video recorder, a liquid crystal television and the like.
The improved structure is characterized in that the X-shaped guide device 19 comprises two guide seats 25 arranged on the lower cross beam 2 and a plurality of strip-shaped mounting holes 26 arranged on the guide seats 25, the horizontal planes of the two guide seats 25 are of a T-shaped structure, a limiting sliding groove 27 with two ends penetrating is formed between the two guide seats 25, and the movable workbench 17 is limited and moved for disassembly and assembly through the limiting sliding groove 27.
When installing fixedly moving table 17 through X-shaped guider 19, because two guide holder 25 installation posterity have had a spacing spout 27 that both ends run through, it is spacing that the position just can be realized controlling to aim at spacing spout 27 with the arch of moving table 17 bottom, then move moving table 17 along spacing spout 27 and just can realize quick location, fixing piece such as at last rethread bolt will move moving table 17 and fix and just can realize quick fixing in mounting hole 26, when the installation, no longer need rectify a plurality of directions, make its installation effectiveness higher.
The improved structure is characterized in that arc-shaped grooves 9 are formed in two ends of the movable cross beam 10, each row of wear-resistant guide plates 6 are arranged on the column sleeve 5, each row of guide plates is 4-6, the movable cross beam 10 passes through the arc-shaped grooves 9, the arc-shaped grooves are in a semi-enclosed mode, the column sleeve 5 is in sliding connection, and the inner side faces of the arc-shaped grooves 9 slide up and down through the wear-resistant guide plates 6.
The both ends of movable cross beam 10 are passed through arc recess 9 and are slided with the arc bellying cooperation of post sleeve 5, and still install two rows of wear-resisting deflector 6 on the contact surface, every row of wear-resisting deflector 6 is 4 ~ 6 pieces, it is longer to enable the life between movable cross beam 10 and the post sleeve 5, the wearability is better, the effectual problem of should moving about for a long time and producing the clearance grow of having avoided between the two, and simultaneously, movable cross beam 10 is half enclosed type and 5 sliding connection of post sleeve through arc recess 9, can make its flexibility better, whole weight is lighter, the cost of manufacture is lower, whole width is littleer.
In a further improvement, the movable cross beam 10, the frame 20 and the surface of the movable workbench 17 are all made of ZG25Mn cast steel, and the secondary heat treatment after the integral rough machining eliminates the machining stress; the horizontal error of the upper surface of the lower cross beam 2 is not more than 0.2mm/m, the plumb straightness error of the two upright posts 4 is not more than 0.2mm/m on the total height, and the plumb straightness error of the total length is not more than 0.8 mm; the upper beam 11 with the bottom end rail 2 with two be equipped with four pull rods 15 between the stand 4, the both ends of pull rod 15 all are equipped with 1 pretension of screw thread stretcher, the upper beam 11 with the bottom end rail 2 passes through 1 pretension of screw thread stretcher is fixed the both ends of stand 4, the pretension of screw thread stretcher 1 is 20600KN ~ 20650KN, pull rod 15 adopts 30Cr2Ni2Mo high strength forged steel, and four the elongation error of pull rod 15 is not more than 0.2 mm.
The upper cross beam 11 and the lower cross beam 2 are fixed at two ends of the upright post 4 through the thread stretchers 1 at two ends of the pull rod 15, the pretightening force of the thread stretchers 1 is 20600 KN-20650 KN, the assembling reliability of the whole rack 20 is effectively guaranteed, the forging loosening phenomenon is avoided, meanwhile, the pull rod 15 is made of 30Cr2Ni2Mo high-strength forged steel, the surfaces of the movable cross beam 10, the rack 20 and the movable workbench 17 are all made of ZG25Mn, the machining stress is eliminated through secondary heat treatment after integral rough machining, the elongation errors of the four pull rods 15 are not more than 0.2mm, the integral position precision is effectively guaranteed, the problems that the upright post 4 of the existing free forging hydraulic press is provided with a guide plate, but the integral strength and the wear resistance are insufficient and the problems that the rigidity is easy to occur and the wear resistance is insufficient when the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam are used on a forging hydraulic press larger than 50 MN.
The improvement is that, thread stretcher 1 includes backing plate 22 and lock round nut 21, backing plate 22 is established lock round nut 21's bottom, two adjacent with the one end pull rod 15 is through one backing plate 22 is connected fixedly, backing plate 22's bottom is equipped with two bellied holding rings 23 downwards, backing plate 22 passes through after 23 card of holding ring die again pass through 23 locking fixation of holding ring.
When fixing a position the locking through the both ends of screw thread elongator 1 to pull rod 15, the structure that adopts backing plate 22 and locking round nut 21 is fixed, the structure is simpler, the cost is lower, simultaneously, install through a backing plate 22 unifying between two pull rods 15 of same end, can make backing plate 22's location more accurate, rotatory not hard up phenomenon can not appear in the use, and backing plate 22's bottom forms two bellied holding rings 23 downwards, holding ring 23 card is gone into on entablature 11 or bottom end rail 2, can make backing plate 22 realize self-locking, the effectual locking round nut 21 of having solved appears not hard up phenomenon because of backing plate 22's displacement.
The further improvement is that an anti-loosening plate 24 is further arranged on the outer side of the threaded stretcher 1 at the bottom of the lower cross beam 2, and the anti-loosening plate 24 and the locking round nut 21 are fixed through screws.
Because there is certain vibrations in the stamping forging process in lower beam 2, and the screw thread stretcher 1 of bottom can not produce direct contact with ground to lead to the nut to have the not hard up risk of moving back downwards, consequently, installed a locking plate 24 in the bottom of locking round nut 21, through locking plate 24 and ground contact back, can effectually avoid locking round nut 21 to produce not hard up phenomenon.
The improved structure is characterized in that each fixed hole group 8 and each positioning hole group 7 are arranged on the column sleeve 5, the wear-resistant guide plate 6 is fixed, the positioning hole groups 7 are arranged in two and are located at the middle positions of the upper end and the lower end of the wear-resistant guide plate 6, the fixed hole groups 8 are arranged on the two sides of the positioning hole in 6-8 and are symmetrically arranged, the positioning hole groups 7 are connected with the wear-resistant guide plate 6 through internal thread cylindrical pins, and the fixed hole groups 8 are fixed with the wear-resistant guide plate 6 through hexagon socket head cap screws.
Wear-resisting deflector 6 is at first connected the location through two upper and lower internal thread cylinders in the middle with location punch combination 7 to guarantee its straightness that hangs down, then in installing it to fixed punch combination 8 through hexagon socket head cap screw, effectual solved adopt hexagon socket head cap screw alone to install the deflector can appear slight straightness deviation that hangs down after fixing punch combination 8 the problem, make the wear-resisting deflector 6 of vertically polylith guarantee on same straightness that hangs down.
The improved structure is characterized in that a plurality of annular keys 16 and locking keys 28 are arranged at the connecting positions between the upper beam 11 and the lower beam 2 and the upright post 4, the locking keys 28 are connected to the upright post 4 in a clamped mode, the annular keys 16 are sleeved on the outer sides of the locking keys 28, and the annular keys 16 are fixedly locked with the upper beam 11 or the lower beam 2 through screws.
Compared with the prior art, install an annular key 16 again on the face of being connected of entablature 11 and bottom end rail 2 and stand 4 and lock the key 28 and carry out the secondary locking, thereby locking key 28 through annular key 16 and sealed protection, the effectual problem that exists of adopting locking key 28 locking alone among the prior art of having solved makes pull rod 15's positioning accuracy higher, and also can not produce not hard up and corrosion phenomenon in long-term use, make its life longer, compare in the maintenance replacement, the cost is lower.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a twin columns hydraulic unit that forges freely, includes the frame, establishes shift table in the frame, establish in the frame right the forging on the shift table strikes forged movable cross beam, establishes in the frame right movable cross beam carries out the main working cylinder and the return stroke jar of upper and lower control, right hydraulic system, electrical system and operation and control system that main working cylinder and return stroke jar carried out control, its characterized in that: the frame includes entablature, bottom end rail, establishes the entablature with two stands between the bottom end rail, main working cylinder establishes the top of entablature, both sides respectively are equipped with two bellied mounts seats around the bottom end rail, the return stroke jar is established for four at least and bottom on the mount seat, the cross section of stand is the rectangle structure, the outside of stand is equipped with the column jacket, the medial surface of column jacket is the protruding structure of arc, the surface of column jacket is inlayed and is had wear-resisting deflector, movable cross beam passes through both sides wear-resisting deflector slides from top to bottom, the frame with still be equipped with X shape guider between the mobile workbench, the mobile workbench passes through X shape guider connects fixedly, operation and control system includes through the manual control system of manual operating handle control hydraulic unit work, The automatic forging control system comprises a semi-automatic control system, an automatic control system and a linkage control system, wherein the semi-automatic control system is combined with the semi-automatic control system, the automatic control system is directly controlled by a start button or a stop button after forging parameters are set by the semi-automatic control system, the linkage control system is used for synchronously controlling forging of a hydraulic unit and forging auxiliary equipment, different control systems can be mutually switched, and the manual control system can be switched to the manual control system at any time through a manual operating handle in the working process of the automatic control system.
2. The twin column free forging hydraulic unit as set forth in claim 1, wherein: hydraulic system includes main control system, quick return stroke system, auxiliary control system and filters cooling circulation system, main control system with auxiliary control system is used for control the main working cylinder with the feed liquor, the flowing back of return stroke jar and realize movable beam's idle stroke, forging and pressing, uninstallation, return stroke and stop, quick return stroke system comprises energy storage ware, energy storage ware valve unit for guarantee hydraulic unit's quick return stroke, and overcome the large-traffic overflow when hydraulic unit return stroke, reduce fluid and generate heat and reduce fluid temperature.
3. The twin column free forging hydraulic unit as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the main working cylinder with the feed liquor of return stroke jar adopts hierarchical volume control, the main working cylinder adopts oil pump direct drive, the pump head valve unit of main working cylinder adopts the import ball valve, still be equipped with a big latus rectum hydraulic pressure automatic control formula check valve in the return stroke jar, be used for control the return stroke jar advances the oil extraction separation, reduces the impact vibration when forging of system high frequency.
4. The twin column free forging hydraulic unit as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the electric system comprises a power supply control unit, a motor driving unit, a programmable control unit, a man-machine interaction unit and a software platform, wherein the power supply control unit is used for providing power for the hydraulic system, the electric system and the operation and control system, the motor driving unit is used for driving and controlling the main working cylinder and the return cylinder, and the programmable control unit comprises a press main station, a press remote station and an operation machine remote station.
5. The twin column free forging hydraulic unit as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the human-computer interaction unit comprises an operation desk, an analog display screen and a television monitoring system, wherein a manual operation handle, a working mode setting device, an auxiliary system control switch, an emergency stop switch and a TFT touch screen are arranged on the operation desk, and the television monitoring system comprises a constant-speed ball type camera, a control holder, a hard disk video recorder and a liquid crystal television.
6. The twin column free forging hydraulic unit as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the X-shaped guide device comprises two guide seats arranged on the lower cross beam and a plurality of strip-shaped mounting holes arranged on the guide seats, the horizontal planes of the two guide seats are of a T-shaped structure, a limiting sliding groove with two ends penetrating is formed between the two guide seats, and the movable workbench is limited and moved to be disassembled and assembled through the limiting sliding groove.
7. The twin column free forging hydraulic unit as set forth in claim 6, wherein: the two ends of the movable cross beam are provided with arc grooves, each column sleeve is provided with two rows of wear-resistant guide plates, each row of guide plates are 4-6, the movable cross beam passes through the arc grooves, is in a semi-enclosed type and is in sliding connection with the column sleeve, and the inner side surfaces of the arc grooves pass through the wear-resistant guide plates to slide up and down.
8. The twin column free forging hydraulic unit as set forth in claim 1, wherein: four pull rods are arranged between the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam and between the two upright columns, two ends of each pull rod are respectively provided with a threaded stretcher for pre-tightening, the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam are fixed at two ends of the upright columns through the threaded stretchers for pre-tightening, the pre-tightening force of each threaded stretcher is 20600-20650 KN, the pull rods are made of 30Cr2Ni2Mo high-strength forged steel, the elongation error of the four pull rods is not more than 0.2mm, the movable cross beam, the frame and the movable working table top are all made of ZG25Mn cast steel, and the machining stress is eliminated through secondary heat treatment after the whole rough machining.
9. The twin column free forging hydraulic unit as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the thread stretcher comprises a base plate and a locking round nut, wherein the base plate is arranged at the bottom of the locking round nut, two adjacent pull rods at the same end are fixedly connected through one base plate, two positioning rings protruding downwards are arranged at the bottom of the base plate, and the base plate is locked and fixed through the positioning rings after being clamped.
10. The twin column free forging hydraulic unit as set forth in claim 9, wherein: the outer side of the thread stretcher at the bottom of the lower cross beam is also provided with an anti-loosening plate, and the anti-loosening plate and the locking round nut are fixed through screws.
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| CN113664135B (en) | 2022-04-26 |
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