CN113659348A - Super-surface-loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
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- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
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Abstract
The invention discloses a super-surface loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna, which comprises a top layer line-circularly polarized conversion super-surface array, an upper layer dielectric resonator, an upper layer metal ground, a middle layer dielectric substrate and a lower layer metal copper-clad layer, wherein the top layer line-circularly polarized conversion super-surface array, the upper layer dielectric resonator, the upper layer metal ground, the middle layer dielectric substrate and the lower layer metal copper-clad layer are arranged from top to bottom; the lower layer of metal copper-clad comprises a microstrip feeder line arranged in the middle and copper-clad layers on two sides of the microstrip feeder line, wherein the copper-clad layers on two sides are used for reducing backward radiation of the antenna; the upper layer metal ground is paved on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate in a copper-clad mode, a pair of rectangular gaps are etched in the middle position, and signals are coupled into the upper layer dielectric resonator from the microstrip feeder line; the upper dielectric resonator is provided with two rows of via holes which are arranged along the longitudinal direction and used for adjusting the impedance matching of the antenna; the top layer linear-circular polarization conversion super-surface array is formed by periodically arranging super-surface units deformed by a Yelu cold-shaped cross, and converts linear polarization waves radiated by an antenna into circular polarization waves. The antenna can perform line-circular polarization conversion, and is simple in structure and easy to implement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circularly polarized dielectric resonator antennas, in particular to a super-surface loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna.
Background
The circularly polarized antenna has the advantages of large communication capacity, capability of radiating and receiving any polarized wave, insensitivity to the transmitting and receiving directions and the like, and is widely researched by students, and more students turn to research on the circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna. In recent years, in addition to the conventional method of realizing circular polarization by designing an antenna, a method of realizing circular polarization of an antenna by polarization conversion super-surface has been widely used by researchers.
A transmissive polarization converting meta-surface is an anisotropic medium that converts a radiated linearly polarized wave into a circularly polarized wave when placed on an antenna. The polarization converting super-surface is not affected by the antenna performance. The currently studied line-circular polarization conversion super-surface mostly places the super-surface array independently of the antenna, and the processing is complex and the miniaturization is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a super-surface loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna which is simple in structure and easy to realize, and can perform line-circular polarization conversion so as to realize circular polarization operation.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a super-surface loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna is characterized by comprising a top layer linear-circularly polarized conversion super-surface array, an upper layer dielectric resonator, an upper layer metal ground, a middle layer dielectric substrate and a lower layer metal copper-clad layer, wherein the top layer linear-circularly polarized conversion super-surface array, the upper layer dielectric resonator, the upper layer metal ground, the middle layer dielectric substrate and the lower layer metal copper-clad layer are arranged from top to bottom;
the middle layer dielectric substrate is of a rectangular structure; the lower layer of metal copper-clad comprises a micro-strip feeder line arranged in the middle and copper-clad layers on two sides of the micro-strip feeder line, wherein the copper-clad layers on two sides are used for reducing backward radiation of the antenna, the extension direction of the micro-strip feeder line is defined as the longitudinal direction, and the tail end of the micro-strip feeder line is the upper end;
the upper layer metal ground is paved on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate in a copper-clad mode, a pair of rectangular gaps are etched in the middle position, and the rectangular gaps couple signals to the upper layer dielectric resonator from the microstrip feeder line of the lower layer metal copper-clad;
the upper dielectric resonator is positioned at the center of the upper metal ground and is provided with two rows of through holes which are longitudinally arranged and used for adjusting the impedance matching of the antenna; the top layer linear-circular polarization conversion super-surface array is arranged on the upper surface of the upper layer dielectric resonator, is formed by periodically arranging super-surface units deformed by a Yelu cold cross and is used for converting linear polarization waves radiated by an antenna into circular polarization waves.
Furthermore, the top layer linear-circular polarization conversion super-surface array is positioned in the center of the upper surface of the dielectric resonator and is arranged in close contact with the dielectric resonator.
Further, the super-surface units deformed by the Yellows-shaped cross are rotated by 45 degrees anticlockwise along the longitudinal direction, wherein the super-surface units deformed by the Yellows-shaped cross are composed of a central connection type dipole and a rectangular open ring.
Further, two rows of through holes arranged on the dielectric resonator are symmetrically distributed about a longitudinal central axis, the first row is sequentially provided with a first rectangular through hole to a third rectangular through hole, the second row is sequentially provided with a fourth rectangular through hole to a sixth rectangular through hole, the first row of through holes are symmetrically distributed upwards and downwards by taking the second rectangular through hole as a center, and the second row of through holes are symmetrically distributed upwards and downwards by taking the fifth rectangular through hole as a center.
Furthermore, the pair of rectangular gaps etched in the upper metal layer ground are a first rectangular gap and a second rectangular gap, the first rectangular gap and the second rectangular gap are symmetrically distributed around the transverse central axis, and long sides of the first rectangular gap and the second rectangular gap are parallel to the transverse central axis.
Furthermore, a microstrip feeder line is arranged in the middle of the lower layer of metal coated copper, the coated copper on the two sides of the microstrip feeder line is respectively a first metal reflector plate and a second metal reflector plate, and the first metal reflector plate and the second metal reflector plate are the same in shape and size and are symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the microstrip feeder line.
Furthermore, the starting position of the microstrip feeder line is connected with a side feed port, the side feed port is used for inputting antenna energy, and the external part of the microstrip feeder line is connected with a feed source.
Furthermore, the linear-circular polarization conversion super-surface array adopts metal copper, and the thickness is 0.5 oz; the rectangular hole-digging dielectric resonator is made of alumina ceramics, and has the length of 19.06mm, the width of 19.6mm and the height of 8.66 mm; the dielectric substrate is made of Rogers5880 plates, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 1.57 mm; the thickness of the metal ground and the lower copper-clad layer is 0.5 oz.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: (1) the super-surface array adopts a linear-circular polarization conversion super-surface with a single-layer metal structure, has a simple structure and has small influence on the radiation performance of the antenna; (2) the antenna part adopts ceramic medium, the structure is simple, and the radiation efficiency is high; (3) the circular polarization is realized by designing the super-surface array, the steps of designing the antenna in the circular polarization realized by the traditional mode are simplified, the antenna is directly combined with the antenna, the processing difficulty is reduced, and the whole miniaturization of the antenna is easy to realize.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a super-surface-loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna of the present invention, wherein (a) is a top view of the antenna, (b) is a front view of the antenna, (c) is a structural diagram of an upper metal layer, and (d) is a structural diagram of a lower metal layer coated with copper.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the S of the super-surface-loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna of the present invention11Graph is shown.
FIG. 3 is a graph of axial ratio of the super-surface loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is the directional diagram of the super surface loading circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna of the invention at 21.5 GHz.
Detailed Description
The circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna with the super-surface loading has the characteristic of linear-circular polarization conversion, and in order to convert linear polarized waves radiated by the antenna into circular polarized waves, a linear-circular polarization conversion super-surface array is arranged on the upper surface of a dielectric resonator; in order to improve the impedance matching of the antenna, two rows of mutually symmetrical and periodically arranged rectangular through holes are dug in the dielectric resonator; in order to further improve impedance matching, a pair of symmetrical rectangular gaps is etched on the metal ground; in order to reduce the backward radiation of the antenna, a pair of metal reflection sheets is etched at the bottom of the dielectric substrate.
With reference to fig. 1, the super-surface-loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna of the present invention comprises a top line-circularly polarized converted super-surface array 1, an upper dielectric resonator 2, an upper metal ground 3, an intermediate dielectric substrate 4, and a lower metal copper clad 5, which are arranged from top to bottom;
the middle layer dielectric substrate 4 is of a rectangular structure; the lower layer of metal copper-clad 5 comprises a microstrip feeder line arranged in the middle and copper-clad layers on two sides of the microstrip feeder line, wherein the copper-clad layers on the two sides are used for reducing backward radiation of the antenna, the extension direction of the microstrip feeder line is defined as the longitudinal direction, and the tail end of the microstrip feeder line is the upper end;
the upper layer metal ground 3 is paved on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 4 in a copper-clad mode, a pair of rectangular gaps are etched in the middle, and the rectangular gaps couple signals from a microstrip feeder line of the lower layer metal copper-clad 5 to the upper layer dielectric resonator 2;
the upper dielectric resonator 2 is positioned at the center of the upper metal ground 3 and is provided with two rows of through holes which are longitudinally arranged and used for adjusting the impedance matching of the antenna; the top layer linear-circular polarization conversion super-surface array 1 is arranged on the upper surface of the upper layer dielectric resonator 2, is formed by periodically arranging super-surface units deformed by a Yelu cold cross and is used for converting linear polarization waves radiated by an antenna into circular polarization waves.
As a specific example, the top layer linear-circular polarization conversion super-surface array 1 is located at the center of the upper surface of the dielectric resonator 2 and is arranged close to the dielectric resonator 2.
As a specific example, the super-surface units of the yersinia spilt deformation are all rotated 45 ° counterclockwise in the longitudinal direction, wherein the super-surface units of the yersinia spilt deformation are composed of a central connecting dipole and a rectangular split ring.
As a specific example, two rows of via holes disposed on the dielectric resonator 2 are symmetrically distributed about the longitudinal central axis, the first row sequentially includes first to third rectangular via holes 21, 22, 23, the second row sequentially includes fourth to sixth rectangular via holes 24, 25, 26, the first row of via holes is symmetrically arranged upward and downward with the second rectangular via hole 22 as the center, and the second row of via holes is symmetrically arranged upward and downward with the fifth rectangular via hole 25 as the center.
As a specific example, the pair of rectangular slits etched in the upper metal ground 3 is a first rectangular slit 31 and a second rectangular slit 32, the first rectangular slit 31 and the second rectangular slit 32 are symmetrically distributed about the transverse central axis, and long sides of the first rectangular slit 31 and the second rectangular slit 32 are parallel to the transverse central axis.
As a specific example, a microstrip feed line 52 is disposed in the middle of the lower layer of metal copper clad 5, and the two sides of the microstrip feed line 52 are respectively a first metal reflector 51 and a second metal reflector 53, which are the same in shape and size and symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the microstrip feed line 52.
As a specific example, the starting position of the microstrip feed line 52 is connected to the side feed port 41, the side feed port 41 is used for inputting antenna energy, and the feed source is externally connected.
As a specific example, the linear-circular polarization conversion super-surface array 1 adopts metal copper, and the thickness is 0.5 oz; the rectangular hole digging dielectric resonator 2 is made of alumina ceramics, and has the length of 19.06mm, the width of 19.6mm and the height of 8.66 mm; the dielectric substrate 4 is made of Rogers5880 plates, and the thickness is 1.57 mm; the thickness of the metal ground 3 and the lower layer copper-clad 5 is 0.5 oz.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
Examples
With reference to fig. 1, the super-surface-loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna of the present invention includes a top line-circularly polarized converted super-surface array 1, an upper dielectric resonator 2, an upper metal ground 3, an intermediate dielectric substrate 4, and a lower metal copper clad 5, which are arranged from top to bottom; the top layer linear-circular polarization conversion super-surface array 1 is positioned at the central position of the upper surface of the upper layer dielectric resonator 2; the upper dielectric resonator 2 is positioned at the center of the upper metal ground 3, and two rows of via holes 21-26 which are arranged periodically are symmetrically dug along the longitudinal axis; the metal ground 3 is paved on the upper surface of the whole dielectric substrate 4 in a copper-clad mode, and a pair of gaps are etched, wherein the gaps comprise a first rectangular gap 31 and a second rectangular gap 32 which are symmetrical along the central line; the lower layer of copper-clad 5 is distributed in axial symmetry. The microstrip feed line 52 is located at an intermediate position. The first metal reflector plate 51 is positioned at the lower left corner of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 4, and the second metal reflector plates 53 are the same in size and are symmetrically distributed; the bottom of the microstrip feed line 52 is connected to the side antenna feed port 41.
The parameter design process of the invention is as follows:
the linear-circular polarization conversion super-surface array 1 adopts a metal copper patch, the thickness is 0.5oz, and the unit arrangement period is 7 mm; the rectangular hole digging dielectric resonator 2 is made of alumina ceramics, and has the length of 19.06mm, the width of 19.6mm and the height of 8.66 mm; the dielectric substrate 4 is made of Rogers5880 plates, and the thickness is 1.57 mm; the thickness of the metal ground 3 and the lower layer copper-clad 5 is 0.5 oz.
The line-circular polarization conversion super-surface array 1 is composed of super-surface units deformed by a Yelu cold-shaped cross, and converts linear polarization waves radiated by an antenna into circular polarization waves, so that the antenna realizes circular polarization performance.
And (III) two rows of through holes 21-26 are symmetrically dug in the rectangular dug-hole dielectric resonator antenna 2, so that the impedance matching of the antenna is improved.
And fourthly, the metal ground 3 is centrosymmetrically etched to form a pair of rectangular gaps, so that the impedance matching of the antenna is further improved.
The lower metal reflection sheets 51 and 53 reduce backward radiation of the antenna by blocking electromagnetic waves radiated downward from the substrate, thereby improving directivity and gain of the antenna.
And (VI) energy is input from the feed port 41, is transmitted through the microstrip feed line 52 and is transmitted to the rectangular dug-hole dielectric resonator 3 through the first rectangular slot 31 and the second rectangular slot 32.
With reference to fig. 1(a) - (d), the super-surface-loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna of the present invention has a linear-circular polarization conversion super-surface unit with a central connection cross-shaped longitudinal portion and a transverse arm length of 7mm, a middle rectangular patch with a length of 3.7mm and a width of 3.5mm, a middle portion minus a transverse rectangular with a length of 2.5mm and a width of 1.8mm, and a longitudinal rectangular with a length of 3.5mm and a width of 0.8 mm; the rectangular hole-digging dielectric resonator is made of alumina ceramics, the dielectric constant is 9.8, the length is 19.06mm, the width is 19.6mm, the height is 8.66mm, the internal hole-digging period is 9.53mm, the length of the second rectangular hole and the fifth rectangular hole is 4.08mm, the width is 2.1mm, and the lengths of the rest rectangular holes are 2.04mm and the width is 2.1 mm; the dielectric substrate is made of Roger 5880, the dielectric constant is 2.2, and the size is 28.2mm multiplied by 1.57 mm; the size of the metal ground and the dielectric substrate is equal, the size is 28.2mm multiplied by 28.2mm, and the thickness is 0.5 oz; the first rectangular gap and the second rectangular gap are 5.19mm long and 2.19mm wide; the first metal reflector plate and the second metal reflector plate are 22mm long and 10mm wide; the microstrip feed line is 27mm in length and 2.16mm in width.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the S of the super-surface-loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna of the present invention11The graph shows that the operating frequency band of the super-surface-loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna is 20.61GHz-22.44GHz, the absolute bandwidth is 1.83GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 8.71%.
FIG. 3 is a graph of axial ratio of the super-surface-loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna of the present invention, where the axial ratio band of the super-surface-loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna is 20.49GHz-21.14GHz, the absolute axial ratio bandwidth is 0.65GHz, and the relative axial ratio bandwidth is 3.10%, which can implement circular polarization operation.
FIG. 4 is the directional diagram of the super-surface-loaded circular polarization dielectric resonator antenna at 21.5GHz, and it can be seen that the gain of the super-surface-loaded circular polarization dielectric resonator antenna at 21.5GHz is 5.17 dB.
In conclusion, the antenna directional diagram of the super-surface-loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator is stable, can realize the conversion from linear polarized waves to circularly polarized waves, and is simple in structure and easy to process and realize.
Claims (8)
1. A super-surface loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna is characterized by comprising a top layer linear-circularly polarized conversion super-surface array (1), an upper layer dielectric resonator (2), an upper layer metal ground (3), a middle layer dielectric substrate (4) and a lower layer metal copper-clad layer (5) which are arranged from top to bottom;
the middle layer dielectric substrate (4) is of a rectangular structure; the lower layer metal copper-clad (5) comprises a microstrip feeder line arranged in the middle and copper-clad layers on two sides of the microstrip feeder line, wherein the copper-clad layers on the two sides are used for reducing backward radiation of the antenna, the extension direction of the microstrip feeder line is defined as the longitudinal direction, and the tail end of the microstrip feeder line is the upper end;
the upper layer metal ground (3) is paved on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (4) in a copper-clad mode, a pair of rectangular gaps are etched in the middle position, and signals are coupled into the upper layer dielectric resonator (2) from a microstrip feeder line of the lower layer metal copper-clad (5) through the rectangular gaps;
the upper dielectric resonator (2) is positioned at the center of the upper metal ground (3) and is provided with two rows of through holes which are arranged longitudinally and used for adjusting the impedance matching of the antenna; the top layer linear-circular polarization conversion super-surface array (1) is arranged on the upper surface of the upper layer dielectric resonator (2), is formed by periodically arranging super-surface units deformed by a Yelu cold-shaped cross and is used for converting linear polarization waves radiated by an antenna into circular polarization waves.
2. The super-surface-loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, wherein the top linear-circularly polarized switched super-surface array (1) is located at the center of the upper surface of the dielectric resonator (2) and is arranged in close proximity to the dielectric resonator (2).
3. The super surface loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna of claim 1, wherein the super surface elements of the yersinia cross are each rotated 45 ° counterclockwise in the longitudinal direction, wherein the super surface elements of the yersinia cross are comprised of a central connected dipole and a rectangular split ring.
4. The antenna of claim 1, wherein two rows of through holes are symmetrically distributed about a longitudinal central axis, the first row is sequentially a first rectangular through hole to a third rectangular through hole (21, 22, 23), the second row is sequentially a fourth rectangular through hole to a sixth rectangular through hole (24, 25, 26), the first row of through holes are symmetrically arranged upward and downward with the second rectangular through hole (22) as a center, and the second row of through holes are symmetrically arranged upward and downward with the fifth rectangular through hole (25) as a center.
5. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the pair of rectangular slots etched in the upper metal ground (3) are a first rectangular slot (31) and a second rectangular slot (32), the first rectangular slot (31) and the second rectangular slot (32) are symmetrically distributed about the transverse central axis, and long sides of the first rectangular slot (31) and the second rectangular slot (32) are parallel to the transverse central axis.
6. The super-surface-loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, wherein a microstrip feed line (52) is disposed in the middle of the lower layer of metal copper clad (5), and the copper clad on both sides of the microstrip feed line (52) are respectively a first metal reflector plate (51) and a second metal reflector plate (53), which have the same shape and size and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the microstrip feed line (52).
7. The super-surface-loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 6, wherein the starting position of the microstrip feed line (52) is connected with the side feed port (41), the side feed port (41) is used for inputting antenna energy, and the external part is connected with the feed source.
8. The super-surface-loaded circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 7, wherein the linear-circular polarization conversion super-surface array (1) is made of copper with a thickness of 0.5 oz; the rectangular hole digging dielectric resonator (2) is made of alumina ceramics, and has the length of 19.06mm, the width of 19.6mm and the height of 8.66 mm; the dielectric substrate (4) is made of Rogers5880 plates, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 1.57 mm; the thickness of the metal ground (3) and the thickness of the lower layer copper-clad layer (5) are both 0.5 oz.
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| CN111883912A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-11-03 | 南京邮电大学 | Ultra-wideband circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna array |
| CN112736426A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-30 | 西安交通大学 | Broadband dielectric resonator filter antenna based on multimode resonator |
| WO2021120771A1 (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-06-24 | 华南理工大学 | Millimeter-wave end-fire circularly polarized antenna and wireless communication device |
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2021
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| WO2016197823A1 (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-12-15 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Circularly polarised dielectric resonator antenna, parameter determination method therefor, and communication device |
| CN106058447A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-10-26 | 电子科技大学 | Wideband wide beam circular polarization medium resonator antenna suitable to X wave band |
| CN108598696A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-09-28 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of high-gain millimeter wave circular polarization medium resonator array antenna |
| CN110649383A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-03 | 西安电子科技大学 | Broadband dual-circularly-polarized antenna based on dielectric resonator loading |
| WO2021120771A1 (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-06-24 | 华南理工大学 | Millimeter-wave end-fire circularly polarized antenna and wireless communication device |
| CN111883912A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-11-03 | 南京邮电大学 | Ultra-wideband circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna array |
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