CN113097731B - Millimeter wave filtering antenna based on ridge waveguide resonant cavity - Google Patents
Millimeter wave filtering antenna based on ridge waveguide resonant cavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN113097731B CN113097731B CN202110356914.1A CN202110356914A CN113097731B CN 113097731 B CN113097731 B CN 113097731B CN 202110356914 A CN202110356914 A CN 202110356914A CN 113097731 B CN113097731 B CN 113097731B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
- H01Q13/18—Resonant slot antennas the slot being backed by, or formed in boundary wall of, a resonant cavity ; Open cavity antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/207—Hollow waveguide filters
- H01P1/208—Cascaded cavities; Cascaded resonators inside a hollow waveguide structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P7/00—Resonators of the waveguide type
- H01P7/06—Cavity resonators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ridge waveguide resonant cavity-based millimeter wave filter antenna which comprises a metal cover plate, a metal waveguide, a first metal layer, a medium substrate layer and a second metal layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom. Wherein, the metal cover plate is provided with radiation gaps, and feed ridges are arranged between the radiation gaps. The metal waveguide is internally provided with a bending waveguide resonant cavity, the middle of the bending waveguide resonant cavity is provided with a waveguide ridge, and the bottom of the bending waveguide resonant cavity is provided with a metal waveguide coupling gap. The first metal layer is provided with a substrate integrated waveguide coupling gap and can be attached to the metal waveguide coupling gap. The second metal layer is provided with a substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity and a microstrip line feeder. The invention realizes the millimeter wave filter antenna based on the ridge waveguide resonant cavity, adopts the cooperative design of the metal structure and the printed circuit board, and improves the heat conduction efficiency of the antenna. The invention realizes the four-order filtering response on the working frequency band, inhibits the out-of-band energy leakage of the antenna and improves the frequency selectivity of the antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of microwave and millimeter wave antennas, in particular to a ridge waveguide resonant cavity-based millimeter wave filtering antenna.
Background
With the continuous development of the fifth generation mobile communication (5G) technology and the millimeter wave communication technology, the millimeter wave communication system is required to be miniaturized and have high performance. In order to reduce the index requirement of the receiving and transmitting system on the filter, the filtering function can be integrated in the millimeter wave antenna to effectively reduce out-of-band noise, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio and realizing a miniaturized high-performance millimeter wave system. Meanwhile, due to limited millimeter wave device efficiency, a millimeter wave system must guarantee reasonable heat dissipation design in order to guarantee long-time effective work. The antenna with the metal structure has the advantages of high heat conduction efficiency, high antenna efficiency and low batch production cost, and has important significance for the millimeter wave communication technology.
With respect to millimeter wave filtering antenna technology, the related experts and scholars have conducted extensive research and achieved a series of academic achievements and technical achievements. However, with respect to the disclosed millimeter wave antenna, most of the millimeter wave filter antenna designs currently adopt a multilayer printed circuit board process, and there is still room for improvement for 5G millimeter wave communication applications, and it is still a problem to realize a miniaturized filter antenna with an integrated metal structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: the invention aims to provide a ridge waveguide resonant cavity-based millimeter wave filter antenna capable of inhibiting out-of-band radiation, and the efficiency, the frequency selectivity and the heat conduction efficiency of the antenna are improved.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the millimeter wave filtering antenna based on the ridge waveguide resonant cavity adopts the following technical scheme,
the millimeter wave filter antenna comprises a metal cover plate, a metal waveguide, a first metal layer, a medium substrate layer and a second metal layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, wherein a metalized through hole penetrates through the first metal layer, the medium substrate layer and the second metal layer; wherein, the metal cover plate is provided with radiation gaps, and feed ridges are arranged between the radiation gaps; a bent waveguide resonant cavity is arranged in the metal waveguide, a metal waveguide coupling gap is arranged at the bottom of the bent waveguide resonant cavity, and 2 waveguide ridges are respectively arranged on two sides of the metal waveguide coupling gap; the first metal layer is provided with a substrate integrated waveguide coupling gap which is attached to the metal waveguide coupling gap; the second metal layer is provided with a substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity and a microstrip line feeder.
Two radiation gaps are arranged on a straight line to form a 1 x 2 element radiation array; and a feed ridge is arranged between the two radiation gaps and used for adjusting the coupling strength of two resonance modes from the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity to the bent waveguide resonant cavity.
A bent waveguide resonant cavity is arranged in the metal waveguide, and waveguide ridges are arranged on two sides in the bent waveguide resonant cavity so as to adjust the dual-mode resonant frequency of the bent waveguide resonant cavity.
And the bottom of the bent waveguide resonant cavity is provided with a metal waveguide coupling gap which is attached to the substrate integrated waveguide coupling gap arranged on the first metal layer and used for realizing the coupling of the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity and the bent waveguide resonant cavity.
The second metal layer is provided with a substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity and a microstrip line feeder, the inner end of the microstrip line feeder is connected with the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity, the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity is excited by the microstrip line feeder, and the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity is surrounded by a metallized through hole which penetrates through the first metal layer, the medium substrate layer and the second metal layer.
The millimeter wave filter antenna based on the ridge waveguide resonant cavity is a filter antenna array formed by M multiplied by N millimeter wave broadband filter antennas, and M, N is a natural number; and the filter antenna array is respectively connected with the multichannel transmitting/receiving radio frequency front end and is used for the millimeter wave base station.
Has the advantages that: the invention discloses a ridge waveguide resonant cavity-based millimeter wave filter antenna, which can realize a fourth-order millimeter wave filter antenna, and improves the efficiency, frequency selectivity and heat conduction efficiency of the antenna compared with the prior art in which a metal structure and a printed circuit board are cooperatively designed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a layered structure of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal cover plate of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4a is a schematic perspective view of a metal waveguide of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4b is a schematic top view of a metal waveguide of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first metal layer of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a second metal layer of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating simulation results of S parameters and normal gain of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a simulated pattern (26GHz) of the XOZ plane of the antenna in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a simulated pattern (26GHz) of the YOZ plane of the antenna in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a 1 × 8 array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a beam scanning pattern of the XOZ plane of a 1 × 8 array antenna in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating simulation results of beam scanning gain curves of a 1 × 8 array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The figure shows that: the metal substrate comprises a metal cover plate 1, a metal waveguide 2, a first metal layer 3, a medium substrate layer 4, a second metal layer 5, a metalized via hole 6, a radiation gap 7, a feed ridge 8, a bent waveguide resonant cavity 9, a metal waveguide coupling gap 10, a waveguide ridge 11, a substrate integrated waveguide coupling gap 12, a substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity 13 and a microstrip line 14.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
The specific embodiment discloses a ridge waveguide resonant cavity-based millimeter wave filter antenna, which comprises a metal cover plate 1, a metal waveguide 2, a first metal layer 3, a medium substrate layer 4 and a second metal layer 5 which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom as shown in fig. 1 and 2. The metalized vias 6 extend through the first metal layer, the dielectric substrate layer and the second metal layer. The dielectric substrate layer can adopt a dielectric substrate with the thickness of 0.254 mm.
As shown in fig. 3, 2 radiation slits 7 are etched on the metal cover plate 1, and the radiation slits 7 are adjacently disposed on the metal cover plate 1 and arranged on a straight line to form a 1 × 2 element radiation array. The metal cover plate 1 may be made of 0.5mm aluminum plate. And a feed ridge 8 is arranged between the radiation gaps 7 and used for adjusting the coupling strength of two resonance modes in the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity 13 and the bent waveguide resonant cavity 9.
As shown in fig. 4, a bending waveguide resonant cavity 9 is arranged in the metal waveguide 2, and a metal waveguide coupling slot 10 is arranged in the center of the bottom of the bending waveguide resonant cavity 9. Two sides of the metal waveguide coupling gap 10 are respectively provided with 2 waveguide ridges 11 for adjusting the dual-mode resonant frequency of the bent waveguide resonant cavity 9.
As shown in fig. 5, a substrate integrated waveguide coupling slot 12 is disposed on the first metal layer 3, and has the same size as the metal waveguide coupling slot 10 disposed at the middle bottom of the waveguide cavity, and the two slots can be attached to each other for coupling the energy in the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity 13 into the bent waveguide resonant cavity 9.
As shown in fig. 6, a substrate integrated waveguide resonator 13 and a microstrip line feeder 14 are provided on the second metal layer 5. The substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity 13 is excited by a microstrip line feeder 14, and the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity 13 is surrounded by a metalized via 6 that penetrates through the first metal layer, the dielectric substrate layer, and the second metal layer.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the millimeter wave signal excites the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity 13 through the microstrip line feeder 14. The energy in the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity 13 is coupled to the bending waveguide resonant cavity 9 through the substrate integrated waveguide coupling slot 12 and the metal waveguide coupling slot 10, which are attached to each other, so as to excite two resonant modes in the bending waveguide resonant cavity 9. The feed ridge 8 is used for coupling strength of the substrate integrated waveguide cavity 13 to two resonance modes in the meander waveguide cavity 9. By fine-tuning the shape of the waveguide ridge 11, the meander waveguide resonator 9 can be made to resonate in two modes within the operating frequency band. The energy in the bent waveguide resonant cavity 9 is coupled to 2 radiation slits 7 on the metal cover plate 1 to form a 1 × 2-element antenna array, and the energy is radiated to the free space. The substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity 13, the bent waveguide resonant cavity 9 resonating in two modes and the radiation gap 7 form a fourth-order resonator, so that the working effect of fourth-order filtering is realized in a millimeter wave frequency band.
Fig. 7 is a graph of simulation results of S-parameters and a graph of gain curves of the antenna unit. The simulation result shows that the antenna has good return loss and S within the millimeter wave 5G frequency band of 24.25-27.5GHz 11 Lower than-15 dB. As can be seen from the normal gain simulation result, the dayThe millimeter wave 5G band at line 24.25-27.5GHz has flat gain, with an in-band gain of about 7.5 dBi. The antenna has better suppression outside the band, and the radiation upper sideband is provided with a radiation zero point, so that the antenna has better out-of-band gain roll-off coefficient. The radiation zero of the upper radiation sideband is due to the fact that the energy transmitted by the two modes in the bent waveguide resonant cavity 9 at the frequency point is just counteracted in opposite phase.
Fig. 8-9 show the simulation results of the normalized directional patterns of the XOZ plane and the YOZ plane of the antenna at 26 GHz. Simulation results show that at 26GHz, the antenna has a wider beam width at XOZ. Because the antennas form an array in the YOZ plane, the beam width of the antennas in the YOZ plane is narrow. The main beam of the antenna has lower cross polarization in both XOZ plane and YOZ plane, and the cross polarization component is smaller than the co-polarization component by more than 40 dB.
The millimeter wave filter antenna based on the ridge waveguide resonant cavity can form a filter antenna array, and is composed of M multiplied by N millimeter wave filter antennas, wherein M, N is an integer. Fig. 10 shows a filter antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention. The filter antenna array comprises eight antenna elements, each of which may employ the aforementioned millimeter wave filter antenna 15, the apparatus being for a millimeter wave base station. The filter antenna array is respectively connected with the front end of the multichannel transmitting/receiving radio frequency, beam scanning of the antenna is achieved, and meanwhile, the filter antenna array has a good band-pass filter effect.
As shown in fig. 11, the beam scanning pattern of one polarized XOZ plane of the filter antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present invention has good side lobe suppression in the +/-60 ° range, the side lobe suppression ratio is greater than 10dB, and the gain decreases by only 3dB from 0 ° to 60 °.
As shown in fig. 12, which is a graph of beam scanning gain of the filter antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention, the pass-band gain has good flatness, and meanwhile, the out-of-band signal is well suppressed.
The millimeter wave filter antenna based on the ridge waveguide resonant cavity has the characteristics of compact structure, wider impedance bandwidth, better antenna gain filter response, higher cross polarization discrimination, wider scanning angle and the like, can realize the millimeter wave filter antenna integrated with a metal structure, and is directly integrated with a 5G millimeter wave multichannel transmitting/receiving radio frequency front end.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a millimeter wave filtering antenna based on ridge waveguide resonant cavity which characterized in that: the millimeter wave filter antenna comprises a metal cover plate (1), a metal waveguide (2), a first metal layer (3), a dielectric substrate layer (4) and a second metal layer (5) which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, wherein a metalized through hole (6) penetrates through the first metal layer (3), the dielectric substrate layer (4) and the second metal layer (5); wherein, the metal cover plate (1) is provided with radiation gaps (7), and feed ridges (8) are arranged between the radiation gaps; a bent waveguide resonant cavity (9) is arranged in the metal waveguide (2), a metal waveguide coupling gap (10) is arranged at the bottom of the bent waveguide resonant cavity (9), and 2 waveguide ridges (11) are respectively arranged on two sides of the metal waveguide coupling gap (10); the first metal layer (3) is provided with a substrate integrated waveguide coupling gap (12) which is attached to the metal waveguide coupling gap (10); the second metal layer (5) is provided with a substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity (13) and a microstrip line feeder (14).
2. The millimeter wave filtering antenna based on the ridge waveguide resonant cavity as recited in claim 1, wherein: two radiation gaps (7) are arranged on a straight line to form a 1 x 2 element radiation array; and a feed ridge (8) is arranged between the two radiation gaps (7) and is used for adjusting the coupling strength of two resonance modes from the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity (13) to the bent waveguide resonant cavity (9).
3. The millimeter wave filtering antenna based on the ridge waveguide resonant cavity as recited in claim 1, wherein: and a bent waveguide resonant cavity (9) is arranged in the metal waveguide (2), and waveguide ridges (11) are arranged on two sides in the bent waveguide resonant cavity (9) so as to adjust the dual-mode resonant frequency of the bent waveguide resonant cavity (9).
4. The ridge waveguide resonant cavity-based millimeter wave filtering antenna according to claim 3, wherein: and a metal waveguide coupling gap (10) is arranged at the bottom of the bent waveguide resonant cavity (9), is attached to a substrate integrated waveguide coupling gap (12) arranged on the first metal layer (3), and is used for realizing the coupling of the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity (13) and the bent waveguide resonant cavity (9).
5. The millimeter wave filtering antenna based on the ridge waveguide resonant cavity as recited in claim 1, wherein: the inner end of the microstrip line feeder (14) is connected with the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity (13), the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity (13) is excited through the microstrip line feeder (14), and the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity (13) is surrounded by a metalized through hole (6) penetrating through the first metal layer (3), the medium substrate layer (4) and the second metal layer (5).
6. The millimeter wave filtering antenna based on the ridge waveguide resonant cavity as recited in claim 1, wherein: the millimeter wave filter antenna based on the ridge waveguide resonant cavity is a filter antenna array formed by M multiplied by N millimeter wave broadband filter antennas, and M, N is a natural number; the filter antenna array is respectively connected with the front end of the multichannel transmitting/receiving radio frequency and used for the millimeter wave base station.
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| CN202110356914.1A CN113097731B (en) | 2021-04-01 | 2021-04-01 | Millimeter wave filtering antenna based on ridge waveguide resonant cavity |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113964489B (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-10-25 | 华南理工大学 | Wide-angle scanning phased array antenna based on bent gaps |
| CN114824708B (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2023-12-12 | 南京邮电大学 | Waveguide band-pass filter integrated by multilayer substrate |
| CN114824776B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2023-08-22 | 南通大学 | Microstrip patch filter antenna array fed by substrate integrated waveguide and construction method thereof |
| CN115101914B (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2023-07-21 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Cavity antenna array with low profile and flexible caliber |
| CN115313035B (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2023-09-12 | 深圳市飞宇信电子有限公司 | SIW-based filter antenna |
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| CN104577349A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-04-29 | 南通大学 | High out-of-band rejection cavity filter antenna array |
| CN108598696A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-09-28 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of high-gain millimeter wave circular polarization medium resonator array antenna |
| CN108923126A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-30 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of four molds based on substrate integration wave-guide have the filter antenna of double zero points |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107394381B (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2019-11-12 | 东南大学 | A kind of broadband circle polarized array antenna of low section using stacking travelling-wave aerial unit |
| CN112436295B (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-05-04 | 南京理工大学 | Millimeter wave high-gain high-radiation-efficiency slot antenna array based on ridge gap waveguide |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104577349A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-04-29 | 南通大学 | High out-of-band rejection cavity filter antenna array |
| CN108598696A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-09-28 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of high-gain millimeter wave circular polarization medium resonator array antenna |
| CN108923126A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-30 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of four molds based on substrate integration wave-guide have the filter antenna of double zero points |
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