CN113655203A - Test device and method for simulating permeation activation water inrush process of extended mining fault - Google Patents
Test device and method for simulating permeation activation water inrush process of extended mining fault Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a test device and a method for simulating a process of deep mining fault infiltration activation water inrush, which comprises a main body, an upper top cover arranged at the top of the main body, a water inlet device arranged at the lower end of the main body, and a lower bottom cover arranged at the bottom of the main body, wherein the upper top cover is arranged at the top of the main body; the upper top cover is provided with a protrusion collecting device interface and a water pressure meter interface, the protrusion collecting device interface is connected with a U-shaped plastic pipe, the U-shaped plastic pipe is connected with a ball valve, and the water pressure meter interface is connected with a water pressure meter; the main body is provided with a cable interface, and a cable waterproof sealing joint is arranged on the cable interface; the lower bottom cover is provided with a water inlet pipe hole, and a water inlet pipe connected with a water inlet device is arranged in the water inlet pipe hole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a test device and a method for simulating a process of deep mining fault penetration activation water inrush.
Background
Coal resources are always in an important position in energy consumption structures in China, but for a long time, coal mines are limited by various adverse factors in the process of mining, wherein mine water damage is a great hidden danger. From the aspect of water inrush form, most of the water inrush form is related to faults, at present, many North China mines are exploited in a deep mode, and fault activation water inrush is the main type of water damage accidents of the mines in the future under the combined action of deep ground pressure and water pressure.
Under the condition that a fault exists in the process of deep mining, the impervious strength of a structure disturbance part is reduced due to primary or secondary disturbance deformation of a bottom plate water-resisting rock stratum structure, and the interval between a mining coal bed and a water-bearing layer of a counter plate is reduced or butted due to rock stratum dislocation, so that the thickness of the water-resisting layer is reduced due to the structural effect, and the water-resisting capacity of the water-resisting layer is reduced sharply. The structural disturbance part of the North China coal field is also easy to be a channel for hydraulic connection between deep Taiyuan limestone water and Ordovician grey water, so that the risk of exploiting water burst under pressure is greatly increased.
For the problems of permeability characteristic change and activation water inrush of a fault fracture zone under osmotic pressure, a similar material model test is an important research method, and many scholars perform various researches, such as a seepage test under the conditions of different filling pore ratios, different water pressures, different fracture widths and other factors aiming at the fault fracture zone; analyzing the corresponding relation between rock mass permeability and a rock destruction process through a servo permeability test; the fractured rock mass hydraulic coupling true triaxial test system researches the water rock action and the like under the influence of multiple factors. However, in the existing model test process, the problems of uneven water pressure distribution, the fact that the superior seepage surface causes distortion of test results, poor model tightness under the action of high-pressure water flow, unstable water pressure and the like exist, the test results are further influenced, and certain potential safety hazards exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a test device and a method for simulating the process of deep mining fault infiltration activation water inrush.
In order to achieve the purpose, the test device for simulating the process of activating water inrush by penetration of extended mining faults comprises a main body, an upper top cover, a water inlet device and a lower bottom cover, wherein the upper top cover is installed at the top of the main body;
the upper top cover is provided with a protrusion collecting device interface and a water pressure meter interface, the protrusion collecting device interface is connected with a U-shaped plastic pipe, the U-shaped plastic pipe is connected with a ball valve, and the water pressure meter interface is connected with a water pressure meter; the main body is provided with a cable interface, and a cable waterproof sealing joint is arranged on the cable interface; the lower bottom cover is provided with a water inlet pipe hole, and a water inlet pipe connected with a water inlet device is arranged in the water inlet pipe hole.
As an improvement, concave-convex flange structures are arranged at the connecting positions between the upper top cover and the main body and between the lower bottom cover and the main body.
As an improvement, the upper top cover and the main body and the lower bottom cover and the main body are fastened by bolts.
As an improvement, the upper top cover and the upper end of the main body are respectively provided with a plurality of corresponding bolt holes, the lower bottom cover and the lower end of the main body are respectively provided with a plurality of corresponding bolt holes, and high-strength bolts are arranged in the bolt holes.
As an improvement, 16 bolt holes are uniformly distributed in the upper top cover, the upper end of the main body, the lower end of the main body and the lower bottom cover respectively, and the difference between every two adjacent bolt holes is 22.5 degrees.
As an improvement, waterproof gaskets are arranged at the joints between the upper top cover and the main body and between the lower bottom cover and the main body.
Furthermore, the waterproof gasket is made of asbestos.
As an improvement, the inner wall of the main body is provided with anti-skid grains.
As an improvement, the water inlet device is honeycomb-shaped, the lower bottom cover is embedded with the honeycomb-shaped water inlet device, and a layer of non-woven fabric is covered on the water inlet device.
In addition, the invention also provides a test method based on the test device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) after the test device is filled, placing a small bucket at the ball valve, connecting a water inlet pipe with water pressure adding equipment, connecting a pore water pressure sensor with monitoring equipment, connecting the water pressure adding equipment and the monitoring equipment with a computer, and carrying out initialization debugging on the water pressure adding equipment and the monitoring equipment through computer software;
(2) setting a pressurization target value and a flow rate through software, starting a monitoring device to acquire data and starting a water pressurization device, recording water injection pressure, flow and pore water pressure in real time through the software, keeping the pressurization value for twenty minutes after the pressurization value reaches the target value, increasing the pressure to the next target value, and repeating the process until the final target value is reached; meanwhile, collecting the projection sprayed out of the ball valve and recording the reading of the water pressure meter when the projection is sprayed out;
(3) after the test is finished, the recorded parameters are exported and stored, the water inlet pipe is disconnected with the water pressure adding equipment, the pore water pressure sensor is disconnected with the monitoring equipment, the mass of the small barrel placed at the ball valve is measured, the small barrel is placed in an oven to be dried, and the mass of the particle protrusions is calculated;
(4) detaching the high-strength bolts connecting the upper top cover and the main body in pairs according to diagonal lines, lifting and separating the upper top cover and the main body by a crane, and taking down the waterproof gasket; the method comprises the steps of cleaning fillers in a main body, taking a cable waterproof sealing joint down from a cable connector after cleaning, taking a pore water pressure sensor out of the cable waterproof sealing joint, taking a high-strength bolt connecting the main body and a lower bottom cover down, separating the main body from the lower bottom cover by using a crane, separating a water inlet pipe from a water inlet device, separating the water inlet device from the lower bottom cover, cleaning all parts, spraying an antirust agent and storing.
Compared with the prior art, the test device can effectively prevent water from permeating from relatively weak paths around the model after water pressure is applied, and can permeate along the direction of the preset section; the model has strong integral sealing performance, is easy to assemble and disassemble, and can simulate and test the seepage-resisting strength of different crack widths and different filling degrees.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the upper overcap of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the main body of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a front view of the lower bottom cover of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a top view of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a front view of the water intake apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a top view of FIG. 9;
in the figure: 1. the water inlet device comprises an upper top cover, 2, a ball valve, 3, a U-shaped plastic pipe, 4, a protrusion collecting device interface, 5, a water pressure meter, 6, a water pressure meter interface, 7, a high-strength bolt, 8, a bolt hole, 9, a main body, 10, a waterproof gasket, 11, a cable interface, 12, a cable waterproof sealing joint, 13, non-woven fabrics, 14, a water inlet device, 15, a lower bottom cover, 16 and a water inlet pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below. It should be understood, however, that the description herein of specific embodiments is only intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, and the terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-10, a test device for simulating the process of deep mining fault infiltration activation water burst comprises a main body 9, an upper top cover 1 arranged at the top of the main body 9, a water inlet device 14 arranged at the lower end of the main body 9, and a lower bottom cover 15 arranged at the bottom of the main body 9;
the upper top cover 1 is provided with a protrusion collecting device interface 4 and a water pressure gauge interface 6, the protrusion collecting device interface 4 is connected with a U-shaped plastic pipe 3, the U-shaped plastic pipe 3 is connected with a ball valve 2 for leading out a water sand protrusion, and the water pressure gauge interface 6 is connected with a water pressure gauge 5 for monitoring water pressure during fault activation water inrush; the main body 9 is provided with 6 cable interfaces 11, and the cable interfaces 11 are provided with cable waterproof sealing joints 12 for embedding pore water pressure sensors; and a water inlet pipe hole is formed in the lower bottom cover 15, and a water inlet pipe 16 connected with the water inlet device 14 is arranged in the water inlet pipe hole.
As improvement of the embodiment, the connection parts between the upper top cover 1 and the main body 9 and between the lower bottom cover 15 and the main body 9 are respectively provided with a concave-convex flange structure, so that the problem of poor sealing performance of the test device under the action of high-pressure water flow can be effectively solved.
As an improvement of the embodiment, the upper top cover 1 and the main body 9, and the lower bottom cover 15 and the main body 9 are fastened by bolts, the upper top cover 1 and the upper end of the main body are respectively provided with a plurality of corresponding bolt holes, the lower bottom cover 15 and the lower end of the main body are respectively provided with a plurality of corresponding bolt holes, high-strength bolts 7 are installed in the bolt holes, 16 bolt holes 8 are respectively uniformly distributed in the upper top cover 1, the upper end of the main body, the lower end of the main body and the lower bottom cover 15, and every two adjacent bolt holes 8 are spaced by 22.5 °.
As an improvement of the embodiment, the contact surfaces of the joints between the upper top cover 1 and the main body 9 and between the lower bottom cover 15 and the main body 9 are provided with waterproof gaskets 10, and the waterproof gaskets 10 are made of asbestos waterproof gaskets, so that the waterproof gasket is convenient to select materials, low in cost and good in waterproof effect.
As an improvement of the embodiment, anti-skid lines with the interval of 8mm are machined in the inner wall of the main body 9, so that the surface roughness is increased, and the influence of a dominant seepage surface on the test result is prevented.
As an improvement of the embodiment, the water inlet device 14 is honeycomb-shaped, so that the water pressure distribution is uniform, the lower bottom cover 15 is embedded with the honeycomb-shaped water inlet device 14, the water inlet device 14 is covered with a layer of non-woven fabric 13, the filler is prevented from blocking the water inlet holes, and the water pressure distribution is uniform.
When the high-strength bolts 7 are installed, the two high-strength bolts 7 are installed at one time and form an included angle of 180 degrees, so that the uniformity of the asbestos waterproof gaskets is ensured, and the asbestos waterproof gaskets are fastened once after the 16 high-strength bolts 7 are installed; wrapping the non-woven fabrics 13 on the surface of the honeycomb-shaped water inlet device 14, embedding the water inlet device 14 with the lower bottom cover 15 and connecting an upper water inlet pipe 16; layering the filler in the main body 9, compacting the filler every 5cm, placing a pore water pressure sensor at the simulated fault position and the inner wall of the device when the filler and the cable connector 11 are at the same height, respectively, connecting the cable of the sensor out through a cable waterproof sealing joint 12, and repeating the operation until the whole device is filled; placing asbestos waterproof gasket at the top of main part 9, going up top cap 1 and main part 9 gomphosis to being connected top cap 1 and main part 9 with high-strength bolt 7, connecting ball valve 2 and U type plastic tubing 3 and receiving on protrusion collection device interface 4, connecting water pressure gauge 5 on water pressure gauge interface 6, whole device just fills and finishes like this.
The testing device of the invention is matched with water pressure adding equipment (a water pressure volume controller of rock measurement and control technology Limited in Nanjing), the maximum water pressure can reach 2.5MPa, and a certain set stable pressure state can be maintained. According to a similar theory, the test device can change the width of the fault zone and match the filling degree according to the properties of the fault zone discovered in field mining, seamless thick steel plates are arranged around the model, and the compressive strength is high. A large amount of fault activated water inrush indicates that the activated water inrush is a penetration damage process, and the test device disclosed by the invention can penetrate fault zones by applying water pressure step by step and simulate the fault activated water inrush process of extended mining until the fault zones are activated to generate top water inrush in a model.
The invention also provides a test method for simulating the process of deep mining fault infiltration activation water inrush, which comprises the following steps:
(1) after the testing device is filled according to the method, a small bucket is placed at the position of the ball valve 2 for collecting water sand protrusions, the water inlet pipe 16 is connected with a water pressure adding device (a water pressure volume controller of rock measurement and control technology Limited in Nanjing), the pore water pressure sensor is connected with a monitoring device (a dynamic and static strain measuring instrument of Qinhuang island collaborative development Limited), the water pressure adding device and the monitoring device are connected with a computer, and the water pressure adding device and the monitoring device are initialized and debugged through computer software;
(2) setting a pressurization target value and a flow rate through software, starting a monitoring device to acquire data and starting a water pressurization device, recording water injection pressure, flow and pore water pressure in real time through the software, keeping the pressurization value for twenty minutes after the pressurization value reaches the target value, increasing the pressure to the next target value, and repeating the process until the final target value is reached; during which a water-sand mixture is sprayed in the ball valve 2, the projections are collected and the reading of the water pressure gauge 5 at the time of spraying is recorded;
(3) after the test is finished, the recorded parameters are exported and stored, the water inlet pipe 16 is disconnected with a water pressure adding device, the pore water pressure sensor is disconnected with a monitoring device, the mass of the small barrel placed at the ball valve 2 is measured, the small barrel is placed in an oven to dry the water, and the mass of the particle protrusions is calculated;
(4) detaching the high-strength bolts 7 connecting the upper top cover 1 and the main body 9 two by two according to diagonal lines, lifting and separating the upper top cover 1 and the main body 9 by a crane, and taking down the waterproof gasket 10; the method comprises the steps of cleaning fillers in a main body 9, taking a cable waterproof sealing joint 12 down from a cable connector 11 after cleaning, taking a pore water pressure sensor out of the cable waterproof sealing joint 12, taking a high-strength bolt 7 connecting the main body 9 and a lower bottom cover 15 down, separating the main body 9 and the lower bottom cover 15 by using a crane, separating a water inlet pipe 16 from a water inlet device 14, separating the water inlet device 14 from the lower bottom cover 15, cleaning all parts, spraying an antirust agent, and storing.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The test device for simulating the process of activating water inrush by penetration of a deep-mining fault is characterized by comprising a main body (9), an upper top cover (1) arranged at the top of the main body (9), a water inlet device (14) arranged at the lower end of the main body (9) and a lower bottom cover (15) arranged at the bottom of the main body (9);
the upper top cover (1) is provided with a protrusion collecting device interface (4) and a water pressure meter interface (6), the protrusion collecting device interface (4) is connected with a U-shaped plastic pipe (3), the U-shaped plastic pipe (3) is connected with a ball valve (2), and the water pressure meter interface (6) is connected with a water pressure meter (5); a cable interface (11) is arranged on the main body (9), and a cable waterproof sealing joint (12) is arranged on the cable interface (11); and a water inlet pipe hole is formed in the lower bottom cover (15), and a water inlet pipe (16) connected with the water inlet device (14) is arranged in the water inlet pipe hole.
2. The test device for simulating the process of infiltration and activation of water inrush by extended-reach mining faults as claimed in claim 1, wherein the joints between the upper top cover (1) and the main body (9) and between the lower bottom cover (15) and the main body (9) are provided with concave-convex flange structures.
3. The test device for simulating the process of penetrating and activating water burst of the extended-length mining fault is characterized in that bolts are adopted to fasten the upper top cover (1) and the main body (9) and fasten the lower bottom cover (15) and the main body (9).
4. The test device for simulating the process of activating water inrush by infiltration of extended-reach mining faults as claimed in claim 3, wherein the upper top cover (1) and the upper end of the main body are respectively provided with a plurality of corresponding bolt holes, the lower bottom cover (15) and the lower end of the main body are respectively provided with a plurality of corresponding bolt holes, and high-strength bolts (7) are installed in the bolt holes.
5. The test device for simulating the process of activating water inrush by infiltration of deep-mining faults as claimed in claim 4, wherein 16 bolt holes (8) are uniformly distributed in the upper top cover (1), the upper end of the main body, the lower end of the main body and the lower bottom cover (15), and the difference between every two adjacent bolt holes (8) is 22.5 degrees.
6. The test device for simulating the process of penetrating and activating water burst of the extended-length mining fault is characterized in that waterproof gaskets (10) are arranged at the joints between the upper top cover (1) and the main body (9) and between the lower bottom cover (15) and the main body (9).
7. The test device for simulating the process of infiltration and activation of water burst of extended-recovery fault according to claim 6, characterized in that the waterproof gasket (10) is asbestos waterproof gasket.
8. The test device for simulating the process of infiltration and activation of water inrush in extended-reach mining faults as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the main body (9) is provided with anti-skid lines.
9. The test device for simulating the process of infiltration activation water inrush of extended-reach mining faults as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water inlet device (14) is honeycomb-shaped, a lower bottom cover (15) is embedded with the honeycomb-shaped water inlet device (14), and a layer of non-woven fabric (13) covers the water inlet device (14).
10. A test method based on the test device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) after the test device is filled, a small bucket is placed at the ball valve (2), a water inlet pipe (16) is connected with water pressure adding equipment, a pore water pressure sensor is connected with monitoring equipment, the water pressure adding equipment and the monitoring equipment are connected with a computer, and the water pressure adding equipment and the monitoring equipment are initialized and debugged through computer software;
(2) setting a pressurization target value and a flow rate through software, starting a monitoring device to acquire data and starting a water pressurization device, recording water injection pressure, flow and pore water pressure in real time through the software, keeping the pressurization value for twenty minutes after the pressurization value reaches the target value, increasing the pressure to the next target value, and repeating the process until the final target value is reached; simultaneously, collecting the protrusions ejected from the ball valve (2) and recording the reading of the water pressure gauge (5) when ejected;
(3) after the test is finished, the recorded parameters are exported and stored, the water inlet pipe (16) is disconnected with a water pressure adding device, the pore water pressure sensor is disconnected with a monitoring device, the mass of the small barrel placed at the ball valve (2) is measured, the small barrel is placed in an oven to dry water, and the mass of the particle protrusions is calculated;
(4) detaching the high-strength bolts (7) connecting the upper top cover (1) and the main body (9) in pairs according to diagonal lines, lifting and separating the upper top cover (1) and the main body (9) by a crane, and taking down the waterproof gasket (10); the method comprises the steps of cleaning fillers in a main body (9), taking a cable waterproof sealing joint (12) down from a cable connector (11) after cleaning is finished, taking a pore water pressure sensor out of the cable waterproof sealing joint (12), taking a high-strength bolt (7) connecting the main body (9) and a lower bottom cover (15) down, separating the main body (9) and the lower bottom cover (15) by a crane, separating a water inlet pipe (16) and a water inlet device (14), separating the water inlet device (14) and the lower bottom cover (15), cleaning all parts, spraying an antirust agent, and storing.
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| CN202110929074.3A CN113655203A (en) | 2021-08-13 | 2021-08-13 | Test device and method for simulating permeation activation water inrush process of extended mining fault |
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| CN202110929074.3A CN113655203A (en) | 2021-08-13 | 2021-08-13 | Test device and method for simulating permeation activation water inrush process of extended mining fault |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116256293A (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-06-13 | 中国矿业大学 | Test device for simulating roadway surrounding rock osmotic deformation under cyclic drainage water condition |
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