CN113651198B - Multi-well-way multi-car vertical and horizontal running elevator system and control method - Google Patents
Multi-well-way multi-car vertical and horizontal running elevator system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113651198B CN113651198B CN202110932600.1A CN202110932600A CN113651198B CN 113651198 B CN113651198 B CN 113651198B CN 202110932600 A CN202110932600 A CN 202110932600A CN 113651198 B CN113651198 B CN 113651198B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/02—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action
- B66B1/06—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action electric
- B66B1/14—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action electric with devices, e.g. push-buttons, for indirect control of movements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/34—Details, e.g. call counting devices, data transmission from car to control system, devices giving information to the control system
- B66B1/3415—Control system configuration and the data transmission or communication within the control system
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
- B66B11/0065—Roping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
- B66B11/04—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals
- B66B11/043—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals actuated by rotating motor; Details, e.g. ventilation
- B66B11/0446—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals actuated by rotating motor; Details, e.g. ventilation with screw-nut or worm-screw gear
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Abstract
The invention discloses an elevator system with multiple well ways and multiple cars running vertically and horizontally and a control method thereof, comprising at least two vertical well ways which are arranged in parallel, wherein each vertical well way can at least accommodate two elevator cars, and a vertical track is arranged on the rear wall of each vertical well way; the device comprises at least two vertical shafts which are longitudinally arranged, wherein the horizontal shafts are arranged between the adjacent vertical shafts and communicated with the vertical shafts which are arranged in parallel on the same layer, and a horizontal rail is fixedly arranged between the adjacent horizontal shafts; the vertical driving device is in driving connection with the vertical track worm gear and is used for driving the elevator car to independently vertically translate on the vertical track; the horizontal driving device is connected with the horizontal rail in a rolling contact manner and is used for driving the elevator car to independently horizontally translate on the horizontal rail; and the main control unit is positioned at the top of the elevator car, is connected with the vertical driving device and the horizontal driving device and generates operation control signals to dispatch the operation of the elevator car. The invention provides an elevator system with higher operation efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of elevators, in particular to an elevator system with multiple well ways and multiple cars running vertically and horizontally and a control method.
Background
Nowadays, with the rapid development of urban construction, high-rise buildings are in many floors, the problem of vertical traffic congestion in the high-rise buildings is more and more prominent, and particularly, waiting for an elevator in a traffic peak period is very annoying. Firstly, increasing the running speed of the elevator to improve the running efficiency, but at present, high-rise buildings all adopt high-speed traction elevators, and the running speed of the high-rise buildings reaches the upper limit under the restriction of various factors, so that the lifting space of the running speed is very little; 2. increasing the number of elevators to increase the carrying capacity, for a conventional rope-traction elevator, one car corresponds to one elevator shaft, and increasing the number of elevator shafts means increasing the number of elevator shafts, which brings about a new problem that the effective building area of a high-rise building is occupied, and the construction cost is increased, which is undesirable, and based on the two points, it becomes too improbable to solve the congestion problem of the high-rise building by using the conventional traction elevator. The invention relates to an elevator system suitable for high-rise buildings, which aims to change the current situation, improve the carrying efficiency and increase the carrying capacity on the basis of the number of the existing elevator shafts, abandon the existing traction type elevator mode, develop a new way and develop an elevator suitable for high-rise buildings.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides an elevator system which has multiple shafts and multiple cars and can run in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the shafts simultaneously, so that the use efficiency of the elevator can be improved, and the running speed of the elevator can be improved.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a multi-well multi-car vertical and horizontal running elevator system comprises a power supply device and elevator cars, and further comprises at least two vertical wells arranged in parallel, wherein at least two elevator cars can be accommodated in each vertical well, and a vertical rail is arranged on the rear well wall of each vertical well; at least two horizontal shafts which are arranged longitudinally, wherein each horizontal shaft is arranged between adjacent vertical shafts, the horizontal shafts are communicated with the vertical shafts which are arranged in parallel on the same layer, and a horizontal rail is fixedly arranged between the adjacent horizontal shafts; the vertical driving device is in driving connection with the vertical track worm gear and is used for driving the elevator car to independently vertically translate on the vertical track; the horizontal driving device is connected with the horizontal rail in a rolling contact mode and is used for driving the elevator car to independently horizontally translate on the horizontal rail; and the main control unit is positioned on the top of the elevator car, is connected with the vertical driving device and the horizontal driving device and generates a running control signal to schedule the running of the elevator car.
As an optimized solution, the vertical rail comprises: the outer walls of the C-shaped rails are fixedly connected with the horizontal driving device, the C-shaped rails can move in a reciprocating manner on the horizontal rails, and working gaps are formed between the C-shaped rails of adjacent floors; the tooth track is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the C-shaped track, the cross section of the tooth track is crescent, and the convex teeth of the tooth track are arranged at intervals to form the running track of the vertical driving device.
According to an optimized scheme, the vertical driving device comprises a bearing frame, a vertical driving motor is fixedly connected to the bearing frame and connected with a vertical driving shaft, a vertical braking device is connected to the vertical driving shaft, the vertical driving shaft is in transmission connection with a transmission shaft, a transmission gear is arranged on the transmission shaft in a matched mode and in transmission connection with a worm gear assembly, and the worm gear assembly is meshed with the rack.
As an optimized scheme, the worm wheel assembly comprises a worm wheel shaft in running fit and a worm wheel rotating along with a shaft, the worm wheel is matched with the tooth surface of the rack, the worm wheel shaft is fixedly connected with the bearing frame, and shaft gears in transmission connection with the transmission gears are arranged at two ends of the worm wheel shaft.
As an optimized scheme, a plurality of conical windows are arranged on the spiral surface of the worm wheel and are annularly arranged along the spiral surface of the worm wheel, conical bearing shafts and conical bearings sleeved on the conical bearing shafts in a penetrating mode are arranged in the conical windows, and the conical bearings can be in rolling abutting connection with the toothed rails.
Preferably, the vertical driving device further comprises safety guides distributed on the left and right sides of the carriage, including: the clamping wheel pairs are fixed on the left side and the right side of the bearing frame and move longitudinally along the length direction of the turned edge of the C-shaped rail; the guide wheels are fixed on the left side and the right side of the bearing frame and move longitudinally along the inner side of the short edge of the C-shaped rail.
As an optimization scheme, the cross section of the horizontal rail is H-shaped, and the horizontal driving device slides in the upper groove and the lower groove of the horizontal rail; the horizontal driving device comprises a horizontal driving motor, a horizontal braking device and a translation supporting frame, the horizontal driving motor and the horizontal braking device are installed on the translation supporting frame, and the translation supporting frame is matched and fixed with the C-shaped rail 202.
As an optimized solution, the translational support frame comprises: the support frame body is fixedly connected with the C-shaped rail; the bearing wheels and the bearing shafts are rotationally matched, the bearing wheels and the bearing shafts are distributed at two ends of the support frame body, and the bearing wheels roll along the web plate surface of the horizontal rail; the clamping wheel sets and the clamping wheel pair shafts are rotationally matched and distributed at two ends of the support frame body, and the clamping wheel sets roll along the inner sides of the flanges of the horizontal rails.
As an optimized scheme, the power supply device comprises a first sliding contact line and a second sliding contact line, and the first sliding contact line and the second sliding contact line are respectively arranged on the horizontal shaft and two side edges of the C-shaped track; the first current collector and the second current collector are correspondingly connected with the trolley lines and are fixedly connected to the translation supporting frame and the vertical driving device respectively; the second current collectors are arranged in at least two groups, and the vertical distance between the second current collectors exceeds the working gap.
A control method of an elevator system with multiple well ways and multiple cars running vertically and horizontally is controlled by a main control unit, comprises the steps of controlling the elevator cars in the vertical direction and in the horizontal direction, and is characterized in that:
vertical direction control, the main control unit detects whether vertical shafts on the upper and lower floors are occupied: if the elevator car is not occupied, the main control unit sends a starting signal to the vertical driving motor, and the vertical driving motor drives the worm wheel assembly to be in transmission with the C-shaped rail meshing wheel so as to drive the elevator car to run in the vertical shaft; when the elevator car reaches a designated floor, the main control unit sends a stop signal to the vertical driving motor, the vertical driving motor is closed, the vertical braking device is started, and the elevator car and the vertical driving device are locked in a vertical track of the designated floor; if the elevator car is occupied, the main control unit judges whether to control the elevator car in the horizontal direction;
horizontal direction control, the main control unit detects whether the horizontal shaft located at the left and right floors is occupied: if the elevator car does not occupy the horizontal track, the main control unit sends a starting signal to the horizontal driving motor, and the horizontal driving motor drives the translation supporting frame and the corresponding C-shaped rail to slide on the horizontal track in parallel so as to drive the elevator car to run in the horizontal track; when the elevator reaches the adjacent floor, the main control unit sends a stop signal to the horizontal driving motor, the horizontal driving motor is closed, the horizontal braking device is started, and the elevator car and the horizontal driving device are locked in the vertical track of the adjacent floor. If the elevator car is occupied, the main control unit judges whether to control the elevator car in the vertical direction.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the elevator with multiple hoistways and multiple cages for vertical and horizontal running is arranged in a mode that the multiple elevator cages are arranged in the multiple rigid hoistways which are arranged in parallel, the number of the elevator cages which can run simultaneously is increased by times, the arrangement number of the elevator cages can be flexibly increased or decreased according to actual conditions, and the carrying capacity and the maintenance flexibility of the elevator are improved. Meanwhile, because each lift car is provided with the vertical driving device, even if one or two of the running lift cars have faults, the other lift cars can still run as usual, so that the problem of vertical traffic jam of high-rise buildings can be effectively solved, and the carrying efficiency of the elevator is improved; the invention adopts the worm gear rack to replace the traditional rope traction lift car technology, can stop the accidents of top rushing, bottom kicking and rope breaking and falling caused by the control failure of the traction type lift, and greatly increases the safety factor of the lift.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multi-shaft multi-car vertical and horizontal running elevator system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the C-shaped rail and rack combination of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the vertical drive of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the vertical drive of the present invention and a vertical rail;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention between the translational support and the horizontal rail
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure between the translational support frame and the horizontal rail according to the present invention;
101-vertical shaft, 102-horizontal shaft, 103-horizontal rail, 104-vertical rail, 105-working gap, 106-elevator car, 107-vertical drive, 108-horizontal drive, 109-power supply, 110-main control unit, 201-rack, 202-C rail, 203-safety guide, 301-bearing carriage, 302-drive gear, 303-drive gear shaft, 304-worm gear, 305-shaft gear, 306-worm gear shaft, 307-clamping wheel pair, 308-clamping wheel pair shaft, 309-guide wheel shaft, 310-guide wheel, 311-vertical drive motor, 312-vertical drive shaft, 313-vertical brake, 314-worm gear assembly, 315-taper bearing shaft, 316-taper window, 317-taper bearing, 401-first slide contact line, 402-second slide contact line, 403-first clamp current collector, 404-second current collector, 501-bearing wheel, 502-bearing shaft, 503-clamp wheel pair, 504-clamp wheel pair shaft, 505-translation support frame, 506-horizontal drive motor, 508-horizontal drive motor body, 507-horizontal drive device body, and 507-vertical drive motor shaft.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, in order to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution of the present invention, further description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the following detailed description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. It may be evident, however, that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
Further, the directions of "front, rear, left, right, up, down" and the like in the present application are all relative to the drawings, wherein the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not mean that the components are absolutely horizontal or vertical, but are relative, and unless otherwise stated, the terms "setting", "mounting", "fixing", "coupling" and the like should be broadly understood, and the meaning of the above terms in the present application can be specifically understood by those skilled in the art in a specific case
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a multi-shaft multi-car vertical and horizontal running elevator system of the present invention, which includes at least two vertical shafts 101 arranged in parallel and at least two horizontal shafts 102 arranged in parallel, wherein the vertical shafts 101 arranged in parallel provide a plurality of vertical passages, each vertical passage can simultaneously allow at least two elevator cars 106 to vertically ascend and descend therebetween, and the vertical shafts 101 have the same specification and dimension without a wrong floor and an obstacle. The horizontal shafts 102 are arranged among the vertical shafts 101 in a longitudinal arrangement mode, each horizontal shaft 102 can connect the vertical shafts 101 arranged in parallel in the same floor to form a horizontal channel, the elevator car 106 can horizontally run between the horizontal channels, a horizontal rail 103 is arranged in each horizontal channel, the horizontal rails 103 can be arranged on the back well walls of all the vertical shafts 101 arranged in parallel in the same floor and are arranged at the joint part of the back well walls and the horizontal floor, the length of each horizontal rail needs to enable the back well walls of the vertical shafts 101 arranged in parallel in the same floor to be communicated to form a complete channel, the horizontal rails 103 are arranged between the vertical shafts 101 in a parallel longitudinal arrangement mode, the distance between every two adjacent horizontal rails 103 corresponds to the height of one floor, the arrangement number of the horizontal rails is m +1, m is more than or equal to 1, and m is the number of the horizontal shafts.
A vertical driving device 107 drives the car 106 to vertically run in the vertical shaft 101, and a horizontal driving device 108 drives the car 106 to horizontally move in the horizontal shaft 102; the elevator car 106 is driven by the vertical driving device and the horizontal driving device respectively, and can be lifted in the vertical well 101 and also can be translated in the horizontal well 102, so that the purpose of multiple wells and multiple cars running in a vertical and horizontal circulating mode can be achieved.
At least two horizontal shafts 102 are arranged longitudinally between the vertical shafts 101 in a parallel mode, the height of each horizontal shaft 102 corresponds to the height of each floor, each horizontal shaft 102 can communicate a plurality of vertical shafts 101 arranged in the same floor, the number of the horizontal shafts 102 is determined by the floor number of the floor, namely, one horizontal shaft 102 can be arranged between the vertical shafts 101 corresponding to each floor.
The vertical rails 104 are arranged in the vertical shafts 101, one vertical shaft 101 is arranged in each vertical shaft 101 and is correspondingly arranged on the rear wall of the vertical shaft 101, the vertical rails 104 are formed by connecting n sections of C-shaped rails 202 in series end to end, n is more than or equal to 2, n is the floor number, the outer wall of each C-shaped rail 202 is fixedly connected with the horizontal driving device 108, the C-shaped rails 202 can translate back and forth on the horizontal rails 103, the positions of the C-shaped rails 202 in the vertical shafts 101 on the same floor are in one-to-one correspondence, for example, as shown in fig. 1, when the same floor comprises two adjacent vertical shafts A and B101, when the C-shaped rails 202 in the vertical shaft A101 translate from the horizontal rails 103 to the vertical shaft B, the vertical shaft B101 can translate left and is replaced by the C-shaped rails 202 in the vertical shaft A.
As shown in fig. 2, a rack 201 is fixedly connected in the inner cavity of the C-shaped rail 202, the C-shaped rail 202 and the rack 201 are made of profile steel, the toothed side of the rack 201 faces outward, the non-toothed side is fixed on the rear wall of the inner cavity of the C-shaped rail 202, the length of each section of the C-shaped rail 202 corresponds to the height of one floor, the overall cross section of the rack 201 is crescent-shaped, the rack 201 comprises a plurality of convex teeth which are arranged at intervals up and down and is fully distributed in the inner cavity of the whole C-shaped rail 202, a running track of the vertical driving device 107 is formed between the convex teeth, and two short side walls and a curled edge of the C-shaped rail 202 are used as a safety guide rail in the vertical lifting process of the car 106.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the vertical driving device 107 is fixedly connected to the top of the elevator car 106, and the number of the vertical driving device is the same as that of the elevator car 106, the vertical driving device includes a carrier 301, the carrier 301 is located on a vertical driving motor 311, a vertical driving shaft 312, a vertical braking device 313, a transmission gear 302, a transmission shaft 303 and a worm gear assembly 314, the vertical driving motor 311 is fixedly connected to the carrier 301, the vertical driving motor 311 is connected to the vertical driving shaft 312, the vertical driving shaft 312 is connected to the vertical braking device 313, the vertical driving shaft 312 is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft 303, the transmission gear 302 is matched with the worm gear assembly 314, the worm gear assembly 314 includes a worm gear 304, a worm gear shaft 306, a shaft gear 305, the transmission gear 302, the transmission shaft 303, a tapered window 318, a tapered bearing 319, a tapered bearing 317 and a driving shaft 312, the worm gear assembly 314 is in transmission connection with the worm gear assembly 314, and the rack 201 can move relatively under the driving of the vertical driving motor 311.
The bearing frame 301 is used as a bearing body and is fixedly connected with a vertical driving motor 311, the bearing frame 301 is positioned at the top of the car 106, the vertical driving motor 311 drives a worm wheel 304 to rotate on a rack 201, the bearing frame 301 and a load thereof are driven to move up and down along the vertical track 104, the worm wheel 304, a worm wheel shaft 306 and a shaft gear 305 can be integrated and are fixed on the bearing frame 301 through the worm wheel shaft 306, the shaft gear 305 can be respectively arranged at two ends of the worm wheel shaft 306, two transmission gears 302 can be arranged corresponding to the shaft gears 305, and the transmission gears 302 are respectively fixed at corresponding positions of the bearing frame 301 through transmission shafts 303 and are respectively meshed with the shaft gears 305.
As one embodiment of the worm wheel 304, the spiral surface of the worm wheel 304 may further have a plurality of tapered windows 318, the tapered windows 318 are arranged in a circular shape along the spiral surface of the worm wheel 304, the small ends of the tapered windows 318 point to the axis of the worm wheel 304, the large ends point to the outer circle of the worm wheel 304, the distance between each tapered window 318 and the axis of the worm wheel 304 and the distance between each tapered window 318 and the tapered window 318 are the same, a tapered bearing 319 is correspondingly arranged in each tapered window 318, the tapered bearing 319 is matched with the tapered window 318, fixed in the tapered window 318 through a tapered bearing shaft 317 and can rotate in the tapered window 318, the outer edge of the tapered bearing 319 protrudes out of the spiral surface of the worm wheel 304, when the worm wheel 304 is engaged with the rack 201, the outer edges of two or more tapered bearings 319 must always keep against the tooth surface of the same rack 201 and can roll thereon, such a transmission mode can convert the sliding friction between the conventional worm wheel racks into rolling friction.
The vertical driving motor 311 is used for driving the elevator car 106 to move up and down in the vertical shaft 101, the vertical driving motor 311 is composed of a motor body and a speed changing carriage, the motor body can be a variable frequency motor, the speed changing carriage reduces the rotating force of the motor and then transmits the rotating force to the worm wheel 304 through the driving shaft 312 to drive the worm wheel 304 to rotate, and the driving shaft 312 can be further provided with a braking device for controlling the driving shaft 312 to reduce the speed from a running state to a stopping state, so that the elevator car 106 can be controlled to stop and be locked after running to a specified place.
The worm wheel 304 is matched with the rack 201, a worm wheel rack meshing body is formed between the worm wheel and the rack 201, and the rack 201 is fixedly arranged on the vertical line of the vertical hoistway 101, so that the worm wheel 304 is driven to rotate, and the vertical driving device 107 and the load of the vertical driving device are driven to move up and down along the rack 201.
The elevator car 106 is similar to a traditional elevator car structure, only the installation mode is different, the elevator car 106 is fixed below the outer side of the bearing frame 301 in a bearing mode, namely the bearing frame 301 is arranged at the top of the elevator car 106, the arrangement reduces the occupancy rate of the car 106 and the bearing frame 301 to the sectional area of the vertical shaft 101, the structure is more compact, and meanwhile, the gravity center of the car 106 on the bearing frame 301 is also reduced, so that the operation is more stable.
In order to ensure that the elevator car 106 can run along the vertical rail 104, the vertical drive 107 is provided with a safety guide 203, the safety guide 203 comprises a clamping wheel pair 307 and a clamping wheel shaft 308 which are matched in a rotating manner, at least two pairs of clamping wheel pairs 307 and clamping wheel shafts 308 are arranged, the clamping wheel pairs 307 are respectively fixed at proper positions on the left side and the right side of the carrier 301 in an up-and-down arrangement mode through the clamping wheel shafts 308 and can rotate around the shafts 308, at least two pairs of clamping wheel pairs 307 are symmetrically arranged on each side of the carrier 301, one clamping wheel pair 307 of each pair is arranged on the inner side of the curled edge of the C-shaped rail 202, the other clamping wheel pair is arranged on the outer side of the curled edge of the C-shaped rail 202, the outer edges of the two clamping wheel pairs 307 respectively abut against the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the curled edge of the C-shaped rail 202 to form a clamping potential, the curled edge of the C-shaped rail 202 is clamped between the two wheels, and in the same mode, all the clamping wheel pairs 307 on the two sides of the carrier 301 respectively clamp the curled edge of the C-shaped rail 202 to clamp the curled edge, and are restrained, and under the common action of all clamping wheel pairs 307, the C-shaped rail 307 can only move along the C-shaped rail 202 in the front and the front direction, and keep the length of the C-shaped rail 202 in the opposite direction. The safety guide device 203 further comprises guide wheels 310 and guide wheel shafts 309 which are in running fit, at least two pairs of the guide wheels 310 and the guide wheel shafts 309 are arranged, the guide wheels 310 are respectively fixed at proper positions on the left side and the right side of the carrier 301 in an up-and-down arrangement mode through the guide wheel shafts 309 and can rotate around the shafts 309, at least two guide wheels 310 are symmetrically arranged on each side of the carrier 301, the outer rim of each guide wheel 310 is abutted against the inner side of the short side of the C-shaped rail 202 and is restrained by the C-shaped rail 202, and all the guide wheels 310 can only longitudinally move along the inner side of the short side of the C-shaped rail 202, so that under the combined action of all the guide wheels 310, the carrier 301 and the load of the carrier can only move up and down along the C-shaped rail 202, and are relatively static in the left-and-right direction.
The safety guide assembly ensures that the carriage 301 and the car 106 carried by the carriage can only move up and down along the vertical rail 104, but are restrained by the C-shaped rail 202 in other directions, and are relatively static, and simultaneously ensures that the worm wheel 304 and the rack 201 are always kept in a good meshing state.
In order to increase the stability of the operation of the elevator car 106, at least one set of clamping wheel pairs 307 and guide wheels 310 can also be provided on the lower middle rear side of the elevator car 106, in the same way as the clamping wheel pairs 307 and guide wheels 310 on the carrier 301.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the horizontal rail 103 may be made of H-shaped steel, the cross section of which is H-shaped, the horizontal driving device 108 slides in the upper and lower grooves of the horizontal rail 103, the horizontal driving device 108 includes a horizontal driving motor 506, a horizontal braking device 508 and a translational support rack 505, the horizontal driving motor 506 is mounted on each translational support rack 505, the number of the translational support racks 505 is equal to the product of the number of the parallel vertical wells 101 and the number of floors, and the translational support rack 505 can perform reciprocating translation between the plurality of vertical wells 101 in the same floor.
The translational support frame 505 comprises a support frame body 507, the support frame body 507 may be made of a steel plate, and in order to ensure that the translational support frame 505 has enough space translation on the horizontal rail 103, the width of the support frame body 507 is at most 1/3 of the vertical shaft 101, that is, 1/3 of the length of the horizontal rail 103 in the vertical shaft 101. The specification and the size of the C-shaped rail 202 are matched with those of the support frame body 507, the rear side face of the C-shaped rail 202 is tightly attached to the outer side face of the support frame body 507 to be fixed, and the outer side face of the support frame body 507 of each floor is connected with the back face of the C-shaped rail 202 to form a community. The size of the common body formed by the C-shaped rail 202 and the translational support frame 505 is, on one hand, the C-shaped rail 202 is constrained by the translational support frame 505 and can only move horizontally along with the C-shaped rail, while the C-shaped rail 202 and the translational support frame 505 are kept relatively stationary in other directions, and here, in order to ensure that the common body formed by the C-shaped rail 202 and the translational support frame 505 does not obstruct the horizontal movement, a working gap 105 is left at the joint of each section of the C-shaped rail 202. On the other hand, each translational support frame 505 is distributed on the same vertical line in the same vertical shaft 101 in an end-to-end corresponding manner, and due to the overall relationship between the C-shaped rails 202 and the translational support frames 505, the C-shaped rails 202 are also distributed on the same vertical line in the same vertical shaft 101 in an end-to-end corresponding manner, so that a complete vertical track 104 passage is formed for the elevator car 106 to perform vertical lifting movement thereon.
The translational movable support frame 505 further comprises at least two pairs of bearing wheels 501 and bearing shafts 502 which are rotatably matched, the bearing wheels 501 are respectively fixed at proper positions at the upper end part and the lower end part of the translational movable support frame 505 through the bearing shafts 502 and can rotate around the shafts 502, at least two bearing wheels 501 are symmetrically arranged at each end part of the translational support frame 505, the outer edge of each bearing wheel 501 is abutted against the corresponding upper and lower web surfaces of the horizontal rail 103 and can roll along the web surfaces, and the bearing wheels 501 are also used as driving wheels; the translational movable support frame 505 further comprises at least two pairs of clamping wheel pairs 503 and clamping wheel pair shafts 504 which are rotatably matched, the clamping wheel pairs 503 are respectively fixed at proper positions on the translational movable support frame 505 through the clamping wheel pair shafts 504 and can rotate on the shafts 504, at least two pairs of clamping wheel pairs 503 are arranged on two sides of each end part of the translational support frame 505, the wheel pairs 503 are mutually symmetrical, the outer edges of each pair of clamping wheel pairs 503 are respectively abutted against the inner side surfaces of the flanges on two sides of the corresponding horizontal rail 103 and can roll along the inner side surfaces of the flanges, and under the common action of all the clamping wheel pairs 503, the clamping wheel pairs are limited by the flanges on two sides of the horizontal rail 103, so that the translational support frame 505 can only run along the length direction of the horizontal rail 103 and can be relatively static in other directions, and therefore, the translational support frame 505 can only move horizontally but cannot move forwards on the horizontal rail 103Rear, left and right
Moving;
the horizontal driving device 506 is installed at a proper position of the translational support frame 505, such as at the top end of the translational support frame 505, and the horizontal driving device 506 transmits the rotational torque of the motor to the bearing wheels 501 to drive the translational support frame 505 and the load thereof to move horizontally on the horizontal rail 103, so as to realize the horizontal movement of the elevator car 106 in the horizontal elevator shaft 102; the horizontal brake device 508 is used for controlling the translation support frame 505 to be switched from the running state to the stopping state after reaching the designated position.
As shown in fig. 3 and fig. 6, in order to meet the power supply requirement of the elevator system, the power supply device of the elevator system may adopt a sliding contact line power supply mode, the sliding contact line is divided into two parts, one part is arranged on a first sliding contact line 401 on the wall of the horizontal shaft 102, the other part is arranged on a second sliding contact line 402 on the C-shaped rail 202, the length of the first sliding contact line 401 should meet the power supply requirement when the translation support frame 505 runs to the limit position, the first sliding contact line 401 may be divided into two parts, one part is arranged to be a power line, a power source is provided for the elevator system, a power supply network is formed, the other part is arranged to be a communication line, communication transmission is provided for the elevator system, a signal network is formed, and each part of the two parts is responsible for each other and do not interfere with each other. The first current collector 403 is arranged on the translation support frame 505, the first current collector 403 is connected with the first trolley line 401, the first current collector 403 can move horizontally along with the translation support frame 505, the first current collector 403 is correspondingly divided into two paths, one path is connected with a power line of the first trolley line 401 and used for leading a power supply to the horizontal driving motor 506 and the horizontal braking device 508 and controlling the translation support frame 505 to run and stop, the other path is connected with a communication line of the first trolley line 401 and used for communicating the communication line to the horizontal driving motor 506, and the first current collector 403 is fixed at a corresponding position of the translation support frame 505 through a support arm.
Because the C-shaped rail 202 and the translational support frame 505 are integrated, the circuit is communicated to the translational support frame 505 and is communicated to the C-shaped rail 202;
the outer sides of two short sides of the C-shaped rail 202 are respectively provided with a second sliding contact line 402, the second sliding contact lines 402 are flush with the two short sides and are the same as the first sliding contact lines 401, each group of second sliding contact lines 402 is also divided into two paths, one path is a power line, and the other group is a communication line; a second current collector 404 is arranged on the vertical lifting device and synchronously runs along with the vertical device, the second current collector 404 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with a power line of a second sliding contact line 402, a power supply is led to a vertical driving motor 311 and a vertical braking device 313 through a translation supporting frame 505 and is used for controlling the running and the stopping of the elevator car 106 on vertical placement, the other path is connected with a communication line of the second sliding contact line 402 and is communicated to the vertical driving motor 311 through the translation supporting frame 505, and the two paths of current collectors 314 are also fixed at corresponding positions of the vertical driving device 107 through supporting arms;
as shown in fig. 6, since the vertical rail 104 is formed by connecting n sections of C-shaped rails 202 end to end, in order to prevent the horizontal movement from being hindered, a working gap 105 is left at the joint of each section of C-shaped rail 202, and the gap 105 blocks the direct communication between the second sliding contact lines 402 at the two sides of two adjacent sections of C-shaped rails 202, so that a power supply blind spot may exist at the working gap 105, which may cause the instant power loss phenomenon of the vertical driving device 107 running so far, and in order to avoid the instant power loss phenomenon, a plurality of second current collectors 404 connected in parallel may be used to solve the problem; that is, at least two sets of second current collectors 404 are arranged in parallel in an up-down symmetrical manner at a proper position of the vertical driving device 107, the distance between the second current collectors 404 is far larger than the working gap 105, when the vertical driving device 107 runs to the joint of the C-shaped rail 202, one set of the second current collectors 404 is in poor contact, and the other set of the second current collectors 404 still keeps good contact with the second sliding contact line 402, so that the instant power loss phenomenon does not occur.
In the elevator car 106 there is a main control unit for connection with the vertical drive 107 and the horizontal drive 108 and generating operation control signals for scheduling the operation of said elevator car 106.
The invention also discloses a control method for controlling the elevator system, which is controlled by the main control unit 110 and comprises the following steps of carrying out vertical direction control and horizontal direction control on the elevator car 106, wherein the vertical direction control is firstly carried out by the main control unit 110 to detect whether the vertical shafts 101 positioned at the upper layer and the lower layer are occupied: if the elevator car is not occupied, the main control unit 110 sends a starting signal to the vertical driving motor 311, the vertical driving motor 311 drives the worm wheel assembly 314 to be in meshing transmission with the C-shaped rails 202, and the elevator car 106 is driven to run in the vertical shaft 101; when the floor reaches the appointed floor, the main control unit 110 sends a stop signal to the vertical driving motor 311, the vertical driving motor 311 is closed, the vertical braking device 313 is started, and the elevator car 106 and the vertical driving device 107 are locked in the vertical track 104 of the appointed floor; if occupied, the main control unit 110 determines whether to perform horizontal control of the elevator car 106; the horizontal direction control first detects whether the horizontal shaft 103 on the left and right floors is occupied by the main control unit 110: if the elevator car is not occupied, the main control unit 110 sends a starting signal to the horizontal driving motor 506, the horizontal driving motor 506 drives the translation support frame 505 and the corresponding C-shaped rail 202 to slide on the horizontal rail 103 in parallel, and the elevator car 106 is driven to run in the horizontal rail 103; upon reaching the adjacent floor, the main control unit 110 sends a stop signal to the horizontal drive motor 506, closes the horizontal drive motor 506, activates the horizontal brake 508, and locks the elevator car 106 with the horizontal drive 108 in the vertical track 104 of the adjacent floor. If occupied, the main control unit 110 determines whether vertical control of the elevator car 106 is to be performed.
As shown in fig. 1, when the 1# car needs to go down, since the 3# car occupies the lower-level hoistway and is blocked from running, the translational support frame 505 and the C-shaped rails 202 in the right-side vertical hoistway 101 together with the 1# elevator car 106 residing thereon are controlled by the main control unit 110 to move the 1# car in the left-side vertical hoistway 101 under the driving of the horizontal driving device 108 thereof, and the corresponding C-shaped rails 202 in the original left-side vertical hoistway 101 also move to the left-side wall synchronously, so as to leave enough space for the right-moving C-shaped rails 202, until the left-moving C-shaped rails 202 in the original right-side hoistway are completely aligned with and locked with the vertical rails 104 in the left-side vertical hoistway 101 one by one, the control signal is sent by the main control unit 110, the 1# car performs a descending motion under the driving of the vertical driving device 107 thereof, and when the 1# car completely leaves the left-moving C-shaped rails, the two sections of the left-moving C-shaped rails 202 are controlled by the main control unit 110 to return to the original positions, so that the vertical rails 104 in the hoistways 101 and the left-side vertical hoistways are communicated again.
When the 1# elevator car 106 goes down, the 2# elevator car 106 performing the ascending task blocks the passage, and at this time, under the action of the main control unit 110, the 2# elevator car 106 performs a right movement in a manner similar to the left movement of the 1# elevator car 106, but in the opposite direction.
When the left and right moving C-shaped rails 102 are restored to the original positions, the left and right vertical rails 104 are communicated again, the 1# elevator car 106 can smoothly perform descending motion, and the 2# elevator car 106 can smoothly perform ascending motion; therefore, the aim of multi-well-way multi-car vertical and horizontal circulating operation is fulfilled.
Obviously, for saving cost, it is not necessary to provide a horizontal driving device 108 in each horizontal shaft, and the number of horizontal driving devices 108 may be selected according to actual needs, so as to achieve the optimization of cost and benefit.
The elevator car is arranged in the plurality of vertical shafts which are arranged in parallel, so that the number of the elevator cars which can run simultaneously is increased by times, the number of the elevator cars can be flexibly increased or decreased according to actual conditions, and the carrying capacity and the maintenance flexibility of the elevator are improved. Meanwhile, because each lift car is provided with the vertical driving device, even if one or two of the running lift cars have faults, the other lift cars can still run as usual, so that the problem of vertical traffic jam of high-rise buildings can be effectively solved, and the carrying efficiency of the elevator is improved; the invention adopts the worm gear rack to replace the traditional rope traction lift car technology, can stop the accidents of top rushing, bottom kicking and rope breaking and falling caused by the control failure of the traction type lift, and greatly increases the safety factor of the lift.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A multi-shaft multi-car vertical and horizontal running elevator system comprises a power supply device (109), an elevator car (106), and is characterized by further comprising:
at least two vertical shafts (101) arranged in parallel, wherein each vertical shaft (101) can accommodate at least two elevator cars (106), and a vertical track (104) is arranged in each vertical shaft (101);
the device comprises at least two horizontal shafts (102) which are longitudinally arranged, wherein each horizontal shaft (102) is arranged between adjacent vertical shafts (101), the horizontal shafts (102) are communicated with the vertical shafts (101) which are arranged in parallel on the same layer to form a through horizontal channel, and a horizontal rail (103) is fixedly arranged in the horizontal channel;
a vertical drive (107) in worm gear drive connection with the vertical rail (104), the vertical drive (107) being located on top of the elevator car (106) for driving the elevator car (106) to independently translate vertically on the vertical rail (104);
a horizontal driving device (108) connected with the horizontal rail (103) in a rolling contact manner, wherein the horizontal driving device (108) is positioned at the back of the elevator car (106) and is used for driving the elevator car (106) to independently horizontally translate on the horizontal rail (103);
a main control unit (110) located on top of the elevator car (106), connected to the vertical drive (107) and the horizontal drive (108) and generating operation control signals to schedule operation of the elevator car (106);
wherein the vertical rail (104) comprises:
the C-shaped rails (202) can correspond end to end, the outer walls of the C-shaped rails (202) are fixedly connected with the horizontal driving device (108), the C-shaped rails (202) can translate on the horizontal rail (103) in a reciprocating mode, and working gaps (105) are arranged between the C-shaped rails (202) of adjacent floors;
the toothed rail (201) is fixedly connected in the cavity of the C-shaped rail (202), the cross section of the toothed rail (201) is crescent, and convex teeth of the toothed rail (201) are arranged at intervals to form a running track of the vertical driving device (107);
the vertical driving device (107) comprises a bearing frame (301), a vertical driving motor (311) is fixedly connected to the bearing frame (301), the vertical driving motor (311) is connected with a vertical driving shaft (312), a vertical braking device (313) is connected to the vertical driving shaft (312), the vertical driving shaft (312) is in transmission connection with a transmission shaft (303), a transmission gear (302) is arranged on the transmission shaft (303) in a matched manner, the transmission gear (302) is in transmission connection with a worm gear assembly (314), and the worm gear assembly (314) is meshed with the rack (201);
the worm gear assembly (314) comprises a worm gear shaft (306) in rotating fit and a worm gear (304) rotating along with the shaft, the worm gear (304) is matched with the tooth surface of the rack (201), the worm gear shaft (306) is fixedly connected with the bearing frame (301), and shaft gears (305) in transmission connection with the transmission gear (302) are arranged at two ends of the worm gear shaft (306);
a plurality of conical windows (316) are arranged on the spiral surface of the worm wheel (304), the conical windows (316) are annularly arranged along the spiral surface of the worm wheel (304), a conical bearing shaft (315) and a conical bearing (317) sleeved on the conical bearing shaft (315) in a penetrating manner are arranged in each conical window (316), and each conical bearing (317) can be in rolling contact with the gear rack (201);
the vertical drive (107) further comprises safety guides (203), the safety guides (203) being distributed on the left and right sides of the carrier (301) and comprising:
at least two pairs of clamping wheel pairs (307) and clamping wheel shafts (308) which are matched in a rotating mode, wherein the clamping wheel pairs (307) are fixed to the left side and the right side of the bearing frame (301), and the clamping wheel pairs (307) move longitudinally along the length direction of the turned edge of the C-shaped rail (202);
the guide wheels (310) are fixed on the left side and the right side of the bearing frame (301), and the guide wheels (310) move longitudinally along the inner side of the short side of the C-shaped rail (202);
the cross section of the horizontal rail (103) is H-shaped, and the horizontal driving device (108) slides in the upper groove and the lower groove of the horizontal rail (103); the horizontal driving device (108) comprises a horizontal driving motor (506), a horizontal braking device (508) and a translation supporting frame (505), the horizontal driving motor (506) and the horizontal braking device (508) are installed on the translation supporting frame (505), and the translation supporting frame (505) is matched and fixed with the C-shaped rail (202).
2. The multi-shaft multi-car vertical and horizontal travel elevator system of claim 1, wherein: the translational support frame (505) comprises:
the support frame body (507), the support frame body (507) and the C-shaped rail (202) are fixedly connected;
at least two pairs of rotatably matched bearing wheels (501) and bearing shafts (502), wherein the bearing wheels (501) and the bearing shafts (502) are distributed at two ends of the support frame body, and the bearing wheels (501) roll along the web plate surface of the horizontal rail (103);
the clamping wheel sets (503) and the clamping wheel set shafts (504) are rotatably matched, the clamping wheel sets (503) and the clamping wheel set shafts (504) are distributed at two ends of the support frame body (507), and the clamping wheel sets (503) roll along the inner sides of the flanges of the horizontal rails (103).
3. The multi-shaft multi-car vertical and horizontal travel elevator system of claim 2, wherein: the power supply device includes:
the first trolley line (401) and the second trolley line (402) are respectively arranged on the horizontal shaft (102) and two side edges of the C-shaped rail (202);
the first current collector (403) and the second current collector (404), the first current collector (403) and the second current collector (404) are correspondingly connected with the first trolley line (401) and the second trolley line (402), the first current collector (403) and the second current collector (404) are respectively fixedly connected to the translational support frame (505) and the C-shaped rail (202), at least two groups of the second current collectors (404) are arranged, and the distance between the second current collectors (404) in the vertical direction exceeds the working gap (105).
4. A method of controlling a multi-shaft multi-car vertically and horizontally moving elevator system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, controlled by a main control unit (110), including vertical and horizontal controls of the elevator car (106), characterized by:
vertical direction control, the main control unit (110) detects whether the vertical shaft (101) located at the upper and lower floors is occupied: if the elevator car is not occupied, the main control unit (110) sends a starting signal to a vertical driving motor (311), the vertical driving motor (311) drives a worm gear assembly (314) to be in gear transmission with a C-shaped rail (202), and the elevator car (106) is driven to run in the vertical shaft (101); when the floor reaches a designated floor, the main control unit (110) sends a stop signal to the vertical driving motor (311), the vertical driving motor (311) is closed, the vertical braking device (313) is started, and the elevator car (106) and the vertical driving device (107) are locked in a vertical track (104) of the designated floor; if the elevator car is occupied, the main control unit (110) judges whether to control the elevator car (106) in the horizontal direction;
horizontal direction control, wherein a main control unit (110) detects whether or not a horizontal shaft (102) located on the left and right floors is occupied: if the elevator car is not occupied, the main control unit (110) sends a starting signal to a horizontal driving motor (506), the horizontal driving motor (506) drives a translation supporting frame (505) and a corresponding C-shaped rail (202) to slide on a horizontal rail (103) in parallel, and an elevator car (106) is driven to run in the horizontal rail (103); when the elevator reaches the adjacent floor, the main control unit (110) sends a stop signal to the horizontal driving motor (506), the horizontal driving motor (506) is closed, the horizontal braking device (508) is started, and the elevator car (106) and the horizontal driving device (108) are locked in the vertical rail (104) of the adjacent floor; if occupied, the main control unit (110) determines whether to control the elevator car (106) in the vertical direction.
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| CN115159298B (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2023-09-15 | 刘洪润 | Vertical double-sided elevator track system |
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