CN113618857B - Brand-new energy-saving ecological floor for full-bamboo or bamboo-wood composite container and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Brand-new energy-saving ecological floor for full-bamboo or bamboo-wood composite container and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113618857B CN113618857B CN202111039825.0A CN202111039825A CN113618857B CN 113618857 B CN113618857 B CN 113618857B CN 202111039825 A CN202111039825 A CN 202111039825A CN 113618857 B CN113618857 B CN 113618857B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
- B27D1/08—Manufacture of shaped articles; Presses specially designed therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27G—ACCESSORY MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; TOOLS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; SAFETY DEVICES FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES OR TOOLS
- B27G11/00—Applying adhesives or glue to surfaces of wood to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27J—MECHANICAL WORKING OF CANE, CORK, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27J1/00—Mechanical working of cane or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
- B32B21/14—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood board or veneer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
- B32B37/1284—Application of adhesive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/02—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising animal or vegetable substances, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B9/042—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2471/00—Floor coverings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics
Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing a brand-new energy-saving ecological floor for a full-bamboo or bamboo-wood composite container, which adopts a preparation method that a bamboo mat and a bamboo curtain are provided with closed rigid needle rollers, a roller automatically and continuously rolls, and the constant glue is coated and permeated, then the constant temperature is pre-dried automatically, and the permeated glue is not contacted by hands, and the glue solution can be gradually permeated into the interior of the material along the needle holes of the roller in a constant quantity under a closed condition, so that the longitudinal and transverse curved diameter strength of the material is greatly improved, and the pollution to the environment and the damage to the human body are not caused. The invention also provides a brand-new energy-saving ecological floor for the all-bamboo or bamboo-wood composite container, which is prepared by the preparation method and has high strength of the vertical and horizontal labyrinth.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation methods of ecological base plates for containers, in particular to a preparation method of a brand-new energy-saving ecological floor for a full-bamboo or bamboo-wood composite container.
Background
In the existing container structure, the container bottom plate is a main bearing part, so that higher requirements are provided for the strength and good appearance quality of the container bottom plate, and currently, the container bottom plate is made of multi-purpose plywood. Bamboo is increasingly used in the field of plywood due to the abundant bamboo resources in China and the characteristics of short growth cycle and hard material of bamboo.
When the plywood for container is made of bamboo mat, bamboo curtain or wooden single board, the traditional method is one-step hot pressing method, which is to dry the single board, bamboo mat and bamboo curtain to a certain moisture content, then immerse the single board, bamboo mat and bamboo curtain into phenolic treeAnd (3) taking out the resin glue solution pool after soaking for several minutes, vertically hanging the resin glue solution pool, dripping redundant glue solution on the surface of the resin glue solution pool, drying the glue solution, and then performing processes of assembly, cold pressing, hot pressing and the like to obtain a finished product. For example, the production process is adopted in the composition of plywood for container bottom plates and the production method thereof (patent application No. 02135051.1) published by the national intellectual property office. The method has the advantages that the dipped glue solution can completely cover the surface of the material, but can not completely permeate into the wood or bamboo, and the internal radial bending strength of the product after hot pressing is not high. The time for dripping the redundant phenolic resin glue is long, so that the production environment is seriously polluted, generally not less than 2 hours, if the phenolic resin glue is further dried to a certain moisture content, the production environment needs longer time, and the phenolic resin has large environmental pollution and can also cause harm to human bodies. In addition, the glue consumption of the traditional method is large, and is generally 210-220kg/m in terms of bamboo or wood 2 Left and right. Meanwhile, the process flow is long, cold pressing and hot pressing are repeatedly carried out during production, so that more heat energy is wasted, the production period is long, and the production cost is increased.
For the container board made of all bamboo, in order to make the finished product smooth, flat and wear-resistant, the surface of the board after hot pressing is usually sanded flat, and then the surface of the board is covered with kraft paper, bond paper or woven cloth impregnated with glue solution to carry out secondary hot pressing, which further causes the rise of cost and the waste of materials.
In recent years, some new measures are adopted in the processes of glue application, plate pressing and the like, for example, a method of coating glue solution instead of dipping glue solution is adopted, and a method of alternately arranging bamboo curtains with interlayer glue coating and without glue coating is adopted in the process of laminating and assembling the plates so as to eliminate the pollution to the environment and the damage to the human body in the glue dripping process and reduce the glue consumption of phenolic resin. However, the glue solution is only coated on the surface of the bamboo material by the glue coating method, the glue solution cannot enter the bamboo material, the inherent radial bending strength of the bamboo material is not improved, and the final product, especially the whole bamboo product, has low strength and is easy to break. Although the wood board can be free of glue, if the adjacent board is not provided with liquid glue solution during hot pressing, the bonding effect is not good, and the strength of the wood board is not as high as that of the glue solution. For example, the heat-in heat-out hot pressing method of bamboo mat and curtain plywood (patent application No. 98112652.9) published by the chinese patent office, which adopts 135 plus 150 ℃ hot pressing time after pressing the surface bamboo mat (primary hot pressing) and assembling, has certain effect on saving heat, however, the technique still adopts the method of dipping glue and dripping glue, which has no improvement on environmental pollution and human body damage, and the method is to flatten the surface of the product board, and still hot press the surface of the bamboo mat with the glue film paper. The bond paper is also impregnated with kraft paper, which further aggravates environmental and human damage. At the same time, kraft paper is also consumed.
In addition, as for the selection of the adhesive, a 'trialdehyde resin' represented by urea-formaldehyde resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin and melamine-formaldehyde resin is usually used as the artificial board adhesive, the industrial production of the adhesive has been in the past century, and although people try to improve the 'trialdehyde resin' by generations, the content of formaldehyde generated by the adhesive exceeds the standard, the indoor air of people is still polluted, and the human health is damaged. Under the impetus of environmental and health requirements, a suitable aldehyde-free adhesive needs to be found.
Therefore, it is required to provide a novel method for preparing an ecological base plate for a container, which can reduce the release of toxic substances during the production process, reduce the pollution to the environment, and reduce the production cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a brand-new energy-saving ecological floor for a full bamboo or bamboo-wood composite container, which has little pollution to the environment and low production cost.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing a brand-new energy-saving ecological floor for a full-bamboo or bamboo-wood composite container comprises the working procedures of material preparation, drying, glue permeation, assembly, hot pressing and cooling;
the glue permeation process comprises the following specific process flows:
when the ecological floor for the container is made of a full-bamboo material, the bamboo mat and the bamboo curtain are respectively subjected to automatic continuous rolling by a rigid needle roller with a speed adjustable roller, then are subjected to gluing and permeation by an automatic constant needle roller, and then enter a far infrared mesh belt to be conveyed to an automatic constant-temperature pre-drying machine for pre-drying, wherein the concentrations of glue solutions used by the bamboo mat and the bamboo curtain are 47-49%, and the glue solutions are bio-based and isocyanate modified adhesives;
when the ecological floor for the container is prepared from bamboo and wood composite materials, the two sides of a wooden transverse core plate are glued by a four-roller automatic constant glue spreader, the wooden long veneer is not glued, the bamboo curtain is automatically and continuously rolled by a speed-adjustable rigid needle roller on a roller, then is glued and infiltrated by an automatic constant needle roller, and then directly enters an assembly working section, the concentration of the used glue solution is 36-38%, and the glue solution is a bio-based and isocyanate modified adhesive.
The preparation method is characterized in that biomass resources are utilized to prepare bio-based and isocyanate modified wood and bamboo formaldehyde-free adhesives, and the isocyanate modified adhesives have strong polarity and activity and can react with wood and bamboo due to the structure of the isocyanate modified adhesives, so that chemical bonds are formed among the wood, bamboo and adhesive layers, and the chemical bonds can rapidly react with moisture in the wood and bamboo. Therefore, the aldehyde-free adhesive prepared by modifying the bio-based adhesive and the isocyanate has high bonding strength to the plate and good water resistance. In the modern artificial board industry, MDI technology is a solution of 'formaldehyde-free addition'. The preparation method is characterized in that biomass resources are utilized to prepare the wood and bamboo formaldehyde-free adhesive prepared by modifying the bio-based adhesive and the isocyanate, compared with the traditional MDI adhesive, the main structure of the modified adhesive is a waterborne polymer, namely the bio-based adhesive and the isocyanate modified adhesive are four-component adhesives, natural biological raw materials are used, formaldehyde is not released, low-temperature curing is realized, the adhesive effect is better, the adhesive application amount is less, the hot pressing time is shorter, and the environment-friendly ecological formaldehyde-free adhesive has environmental protection and ecological zero formaldehyde release and strong competitiveness in price and performance compared with the traditional MDI adhesive under the same yield.
The method for automatic continuous rolling and constant gluing of the needle roller can ensure that glue solution gradually permeates into the material along the needle holes of the roller in a constant manner under a closed condition, thereby greatly improving the strength of the longitudinal and transverse labyrinth of the material without causing pollution to the environment and damage to human bodies.
According to the invention, the adhesive with zero aldehyde release is selected on the basis of rolling and gluing by using the needle roller, so that the release of harmful substances is further reduced, and the production process is more environment-friendly.
Further, the specific operation method of the assembly step is as follows:
when the ecological floor for the container is prepared by using a full-bamboo material, the glued bamboo mat is immediately conveyed on a mirror surface stainless steel plate coated with a release agent on an automatic assembly production line at regular time in a rolling conveying mode, then bamboo curtains are automatically placed on the automatic assembly production line in a vertically and horizontally alternate manner according to the set product process requirement, finally a double-sided rigid needle roller is automatically placed to roll the glued bamboo mat, and then the mirror surface stainless steel plate coated with the release agent is automatically conveyed and placed on a gland to be clamped; then directly conveying the blank plates to a cold pressing working section, stacking the blank plates to a certain height, sequentially transferring the blank plates to a frame type prepressing machine for circularly prepressing blank plates and preliminarily cold bonding the blank plates;
when the ecological floor for the container is produced and prepared for bamboo and wood composite materials, the long wooden single plates are conveyed on a liner plate on an automatic assembly production line at regular time in a rolling conveying mode, a double-sided glued wooden core plate is placed in the automatic conveying mode in which the layers are vertically and horizontally alternated according to the set product process requirement of the automatic assembly production line, the long bamboo curtains which are sealed and penetrated by glue are longitudinally stacked by a double-sided rigid needle roller in a stacking mode, and the wooden core plate and the long bamboo curtains are automatically stacked vertically and horizontally alternately to the required layers and then are automatically conveyed and placed; and then automatically conveying and placing a panel, directly and automatically conveying to a cold pressing working section, stacking to a certain height, sequentially transferring to a frame type prepressing machine for circularly prepressing blank plates, and prepressing and primarily cold bonding the blank plates.
When the full bamboo container plywood is prepared, because the smooth mirror surface stainless steel plate is adopted to sandwich the panel and the bottom plate, and the high solid content zero aldehyde release bio-based and isocyanate modified adhesive glue solution with the penetration concentration of 47 to 49 percent is closely rolled on the double-sided needle roller of the sandwiched bamboo mat, the glue solution on the inner layer and the outer layer of the bamboo mat can rapidly form a firm and integral glue film layer which is as smooth as the surface of the stainless steel plate under high temperature and high pressure.
Further, the specific operation method of the hot pressing step is as follows:
the blank plate which is circularly pre-pressed by the pre-pressing machine is transferred into a hot press by an automatic plate feeding frame, and meanwhile, a Chinese character 'mi' -shaped forced thickness gauge is placed on the periphery for hot pressing;
when the ecological floor for the container is made of a full-bamboo material, the temperature during hot pressing is 130-135 ℃, the unit area pressure is initially 18-20 MPa, the pressure is maintained for 16-18 minutes, then the pressure is reduced to 9-12 MPa, the pressure is increased back to 19-21 MPa after 3-5 minutes of pressure maintenance, the hot pressing is shaped for 8-12 minutes, then the gradual pressure relief is started, and the time for relieving the pressure to 0 pressure is 2-3 minutes;
when the ecological floor for the container is prepared from bamboo and wood composite materials, the temperature during hot pressing is 125-130' ° C, the initial unit area pressure of the hot pressing is 16-18 MPa, the pressure is maintained for 13-15 minutes, then the pressure is reduced to 6-8 MPa, the pressure is increased to 18-20 MPa after the pressure is maintained for 2-3 minutes, the hot pressing is shaped for 6-8 minutes, then the pressure is gradually released, and the time for releasing the pressure to 0 minute is 2-3 minutes.
The preparation method has balanced heat supply, the temperature is always kept within a certain range in the hot pressing process, the hot pressing time and the loss of heat energy are greatly reduced, and the energy consumption of unit products is reduced by 30 percent compared with the energy consumption of the existing production process of manufacturing the plywood for the container by using the bamboo mats, the bamboo curtains or the wood veneers.
Further, the concrete operation method of the material making step is as follows:
the method comprises the steps of rotary cutting an ecological fast-growing artificial forest cut log on an automatic production line into a wood veneer and a core board, then naturally pre-drying, cutting the ecological fast-growing fir big dragon bamboo on the automatic production line into sizes, removing green, weaving into bamboo mats and bamboo curtains with different specifications, and then naturally pre-drying.
Further, the specific operation method of the drying step is as follows:
the wooden veneer, the wooden core board, the bamboo mat and the bamboo curtain are dried automatically at constant temperature by a roller dryer under a net belt, so that the moisture content of the wooden veneer, the wooden core board, the bamboo mat and the bamboo curtain after natural predrying can quickly reach below 10-12 percent.
Further, the assembly step is completed on an automatic assembly production line, and the automatic assembly production line is respectively provided with assembly lines of ecological bottom plates for containers in different assembly modes.
The invention designs a full-automatic production line which adopts an automatic assembly production line to finish assembly to chain roller conveying prepressing → chain roller conveying automatic puttying repair → chain roller conveying automatic plate feeding frame automatic plate feeding hot pressing → automatic plate discharging stacking till natural ventilation and settlement for 6-8 hours and cooling to normal temperature → automatic longitudinal and transverse sawing edge → automatic groove milling chamfer → automatic coding stacking packaging → rail conveying and warehousing. The preparation method overcomes the instability of the assembly quality of the manual assembly, the harmfulness of manual contact glue solution to the body, the heavy manual labor such as manual putty coating and repairing and the like, can respectively set different sections of the production line and the ecological floor for the production container with continuous process technology on the automatic production line at one time, and achieves the purposes of reducing labor intensity, reducing labor cost, saving energy consumption and avoiding environmental pollution.
Furthermore, the hot press is automatically operated by computer numerical control, and the presetting of temperature, the lifting adjustment and the pressure adjustment are completed by one time of computer control. The time of the traditional assembly hot pressing process is shortened by nearly 8%, the product quality is ensured, and the preparation target of the ecological floor for the all-bamboo or bamboo-wood composite container, which has the advantages of consumption reduction, efficiency improvement, energy conservation, emission reduction and green development, is really reached.
A brand-new energy-saving ecological bottom plate for a full bamboo or bamboo-wood composite container is prepared by using the preparation method.
The technical scheme of the invention at least has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) according to the preparation method of the brand-new energy-saving ecological floor for the all-bamboo or bamboo-wood composite container, materials for manufacturing the container board, such as the single board, the bamboo mat, the bamboo curtain and the like, are not soaked in the phenolic resin according to the traditional process, so that a glue applying process of dripping the materials dry is omitted, and volatilization of glue solution is reduced; in addition, the glue solution of the invention adopts a 'zero aldehyde release' bio-based and isocyanate modified adhesive, and does not release formaldehyde in the using process, thereby avoiding pollution to the environment and damage to human bodies;
(2) the preparation method of the brand-new energy-saving ecological floor for the all-bamboo or bamboo-wood composite container, provided by the invention, adopts a method of continuous rolling by using a needle roller and constant glue spraying and penetration for gluing instead of a dipping method, so that the consumption of glue solution is reduced by nearly 15%, and the glue consumption can be reduced to 120-125 kg/m 3 Left and right; and the cost and the period of secondary rubberizing paper surface are saved, the one-step forming production capacity of a single machine is improved by nearly 50 percent, and the production cost is greatly reduced. By adopting the preparation method, the ecological finished floor for the container can be matured by more than 10 percent compared with a single press provided with the automatic plate feeding and discharging device at one time, so that the working efficiency is greatly improved;
(3) according to the preparation method of the brand-new energy-saving ecological floor for the all-bamboo or bamboo-wood composite container, the bio-based and isocyanate modified adhesive glue solution with high solid content and zero aldehyde release, the concentration of which reaches 47% -49%, is hermetically rolled and infiltrated by the double-sided needle rollers on the bamboo mat, and the bio-based and isocyanate modified adhesive glue solution is clamped at high temperature and high pressure, so that the glue solution in the bamboo mat and the glue solution on the surface of the outer layer can be rapidly formed into a firm and integrated glue film layer, the manufacturing cost of secondary gluing of a gummed paper film or secondary resin coating glue pre-drying and then clamping of a stainless steel plate hot-pressing film and the production cost of secondary hot pressing are avoided, and the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved;
(4) the novel energy-saving ecological floor for the all-bamboo or bamboo-wood composite container, provided by the invention, has higher radial bending strength due to uniform penetration of glue solution in the production process, and the bamboo is not broken or fractured.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Example 1
The ecological floor for the container with the thickness of 4'X8' X28mm (1 ═ 1 foot) is produced by the whole bamboo, a hot press is adopted to be an 1800 ton hot press, and a single whole bamboo container ecological floor is hot-pressed by 30 sheets of the whole bamboo each time, and the process steps are as follows:
(1) and (3) preparing materials: the ecological fast-growing fir big dragon bamboo is manufactured on an automatic production line in a fixed length mode, subjected to green removing weaving, manufactured into bamboo mats and bamboo curtains with different specifications, and then naturally pre-dried;
(2) and (3) drying: conveying the bamboo mat and the bamboo curtain to an upper mesh belt lower roller type dryer for layering and carrying out automatic constant temperature drying, so that the water content of the bamboo mat and the bamboo curtain subjected to natural predrying can quickly reach below 12%;
(3) and glue permeation: when the ecological floor for the container is made of a full-bamboo material, the bamboo mat and the bamboo curtain are respectively subjected to automatic continuous rolling by a rigid needle roller with a speed-adjustable roller, then are subjected to gluing and permeation by an automatic constant needle roller, and then enter a far infrared mesh belt to be conveyed to an automatic constant-temperature pre-drying machine for pre-drying, wherein the concentrations of glue solutions used by the bamboo mat and the bamboo curtain are 47-49%, and the glue solutions are 'zero aldehyde release' bio-based and isocyanate modified adhesives; when the ecological floor for the container is prepared by bamboo and wood composite materials, gluing the two sides of a wood transverse core plate by a four-roller automatic constant glue spreader, gluing a long wood veneer, automatically and continuously rolling a bamboo curtain by a speed-adjustable rigid needle roller, gluing and permeating by an automatic constant needle roller, and directly entering a blank assembly working section, wherein the concentration of the used glue solution is 36-38%, and the glue solution is a 'zero aldehyde release' bio-based and isocyanate modified adhesive glue solution;
(4) assembling: immediately conveying the glued bamboo mat on a mirror surface stainless steel plate coated with a release agent on an automatic assembly production line at regular time in a rolling conveying mode, then automatically placing bamboo curtains on the automatic assembly production line in an alternating vertical and horizontal manner according to the set product process requirements, finally automatically placing a double-sided rigid needle roller rolled glued bamboo mat, then automatically conveying and placing a mirror surface stainless steel plate coated with the release agent on a gland to clamp, then directly conveying to a cold pressing (prepressing) working section to be overlapped to a certain height (40 blank plates), sequentially transferring to a frame type prepressing machine to circularly prepress the blank plates to prepress and preliminarily bond the blank plates, wherein the blank plate assembling and prepressing process time of each group (30 blank plates) is 7-9 minutes/sheet.
(5) And hot pressing: the blank plate which is circularly pre-pressed by the pre-pressing machine is transferred into a hot press by an automatic plate feeding frame, and meanwhile, a Chinese character 'mi' -shaped forced thickness gauge is placed on the periphery for hot pressing; the temperature during hot pressing is 130-135 ℃, the unit and the accumulated pressure are 18-20 mpa initially, the pressure is maintained for 16-18 minutes, then the pressure is reduced to 9-12 mpa, the pressure is increased back to 19-21 mpa after 3-5 minutes of pressure maintaining for hot pressing and shaping for 8-12 minutes, then the pressure is gradually released, and the time for releasing the pressure to 0 pressure is 2-3 minutes;
(6) pressure relief and temperature reduction: after pressure relief, the single press can discharge 30 ecological floors for containers at one time, the ecological floors are conveyed by the automatic plate discharging frame to be flatly placed on the flat tray with the spacing strips at regular intervals, and natural ventilation, sedimentation and cooling are carried out to normal temperature.
Example 2
The ecological floor for the container with the thickness of 4'X8' X28mm is produced by compounding bamboo and wood, the pressure of a hot press can be adjusted to 1600 tons of nominal pressure for hot pressing, 30 ecological floors for the container are hot pressed by a single machine each time, and the process steps are as follows:
(1) and (3) material preparation: carrying out rotary cutting on the fixed-length log of the ecological fast-growing artificial forest into a wood veneer and a core plate on an automatic production line, then naturally pre-drying, carrying out fixed-length manufacturing on the ecological fast-growing fir large dragon bamboo on the automatic production line, removing green, weaving into bamboo mats and bamboo curtains with different specifications, and naturally pre-drying;
(2) and drying: conveying the wood veneer, the wood core plate, the bamboo mat and the bamboo curtain to an upper mesh belt lower roller type dryer for automatic constant temperature drying, so that the water content of the wood veneer, the wood core plate, the bamboo mat and the bamboo curtain after natural predrying can quickly reach below 12%;
(3) and glue permeation: gluing the double surfaces of the wooden core plate by a four-roller automatic constant glue spreader, gluing the wooden single plate, automatically and continuously rolling, sealing, sequentially spraying glue at constant amount, permeating, automatically and pre-drying at constant temperature, wherein the concentration of glue solution is 36-38%, and the glue solution is non-dehydrated phenolic resin glue;
(3) and glue permeation: gluing the double surfaces of the wooden core plate by a four-roller automatic constant glue spreader, gluing the wooden single plate, automatically and continuously rolling, sealing, sequentially spraying glue at constant quantity, permeating, automatically and pre-drying at constant temperature, wherein the concentration of glue solution is unified to 47-49%, and the glue solution is a biological-based and isocyanate modified adhesive with zero aldehyde release; when the ecological floor for the container is prepared by bamboo and wood composite materials, gluing the two sides of a wood transverse core plate by a four-roller automatic constant glue spreader, gluing a long wood veneer, adjusting the speed of a rigid needle roller on a bamboo curtain, automatically and continuously rolling, gluing and permeating by an automatic constant needle roller, and directly entering a blank assembly working section, wherein the concentration of a glue solution is 36-38%, and the glue solution is a zero-aldehyde-release bio-based and isocyanate modified adhesive;
(4) assembling: conveying the single boards on the upper surface on a liner board on an automatic assembly production line at regular time in a rolling conveying mode, then automatically conveying and placing a double-faced glued wood core board and a long bamboo curtain which is longitudinally stacked and is rolled, sealed and penetrated by a double-faced rigid needle roller according to the set product process requirement, wherein the number of layers is vertically and horizontally alternated, and the long bamboo curtain and the double-faced glued wood core board are automatically stacked vertically and horizontally alternately to the required number of layers and then automatically conveying and placing a wood core board; then automatically conveying and placing a panel, directly and automatically conveying to a frame type prepressing machine cold pressing (prepressing) section, stacking to a blank plate with a certain height (30 blank plates in each group), prepressing, and prepressing and primarily cold bonding the blank plates after the prepressing process time is 23-27 minutes/group;
(5) and hot pressing: transferring the blank plate which is circularly pre-pressed by the pre-pressing machine into a hot press by an automatic plate feeding frame, putting 30 assembled blank plates, and simultaneously putting a Chinese character 'mi' -shaped forced thickness gauge on the periphery for hot pressing; the temperature during hot pressing is 125-130 ℃, the initial unit area pressure of hot pressing is 16-18 mpa, the pressure is maintained (the water vapor in the plate is released) for 13-15 minutes, then the pressure is reduced to 6-8 mpa, the pressure is increased back to 18-20 mpa after 2-3 minutes of pressure maintaining, the hot pressing is shaped for 6-10 minutes, then the gradual (discontinuous) pressure relief is started, and the time for relieving the pressure to 0 pressure is 2 minutes-3 minutes;
(6) pressure relief and temperature reduction: the ecological floor for 30 containers after pressure relief is conveyed by an automatic plate discharging frame to be flatly placed on a flat tray with spacing strips at regular intervals, and is naturally ventilated, settled and cooled to normal temperature within 6-8 hours.
Comparative example 1
The processes of material preparation, drying, assembly, hot pressing, pressure relief and temperature reduction are the same as those in the embodiment 1, and the difference is that the material is directly soaked in glue solution in the glue permeation process for 8 minutes and vertically hung to ensure that redundant glue solution on the surface of the material is dripped dry, and the glue solution is a bio-based and isocyanate modified adhesive.
Experimental example 1
The floor boards obtained in examples 1-2 and comparative example 1 were subjected to a vertical and horizontal static bending strength test in accordance with 4.9 of GB/T17657-1999.
The test results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 static bending strength tester
| Transverse static bending strength Mpa | Longitudinal static bending strength Mpa | |
| Example 1 | 115 | 42.3 |
| Example 2 | 126 | 42.5 |
| Comparative example 1 | 87 | 38.6 |
From the results in table 1, it can be seen that:
the transverse static bending strength and the longitudinal static bending strength of the example 1 and the example 2 are higher than those of the comparative example 1, which shows that the example 1 and the example 2 not only release less harmful substances in the preparation process compared with the comparative example 1, but also the prepared ecological floor has better glue permeation effect and higher overall strength compared with the floor prepared by the comparative example 1.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the brand-new energy-saving ecological floor for the full-bamboo or bamboo-wood composite container is characterized by comprising the working procedures of material making, drying, glue permeation, assembly, hot pressing and cooling;
the glue permeation process comprises the following specific process flows:
when the ecological floor for the container is made of a full-bamboo material, the bamboo mat and the bamboo curtain are respectively subjected to automatic continuous rolling by a rigid needle roller with a speed adjustable roller, then are subjected to gluing and permeation by an automatic constant needle roller, and then enter a far infrared mesh belt to be conveyed to an automatic constant-temperature pre-drying machine for pre-drying, wherein the concentrations of glue solutions used by the bamboo mat and the bamboo curtain are 47-49%, and the glue solutions are bio-based and isocyanate modified adhesives;
when the ecological floor for the container is prepared by bamboo and wood composite materials, gluing the wood transverse core plate on two sides by a four-roller automatic constant glue spreader, gluing the long wood veneer, automatically and continuously rolling a bamboo curtain by a speed-adjustable rigid needle roller, gluing and permeating by an automatic constant needle roller, and directly entering a blank assembly working section, wherein the concentration of the used glue solution is 36-38%, and the glue solution is a bio-based and isocyanate modified adhesive;
the specific operation method of the hot pressing step comprises the following steps:
the blank plate which is circularly pre-pressed by the pre-pressing machine is transferred into a hot press by an automatic plate feeding frame, and meanwhile, a Chinese character 'mi' -shaped forced thickness gauge is placed on the periphery for hot pressing;
when the ecological floor for the container is made of a full-bamboo material, the temperature during hot pressing is 130-135 ℃, the unit area pressure is initially 18-20 MPa, the pressure is maintained for 16-18 minutes, then the pressure is reduced to 9-12 MPa, the pressure is increased back to 19-21 MPa after 3-5 minutes of pressure maintenance, the hot pressing is shaped for 8-12 minutes, then the gradual pressure relief is started, and the time for relieving the pressure to 0 pressure is 2-3 minutes;
when the ecological floor for the container is prepared from a bamboo-wood composite material, the temperature during hot pressing is 125-130' DEG C, the initial unit area pressure of the hot pressing is 16-18 MPa, the pressure is maintained for 13-15 minutes, then the pressure is reduced to 6-8 MPa, the pressure is increased back to 18-20 MPa after the pressure is maintained for 2-3 minutes, the hot pressing is carried out for 6-8 minutes, then the gradual pressure relief is started, and the time for relieving the pressure to 0 pressure is 2 minutes to 3 minutes.
2. The preparation method of the brand-new energy-saving ecological floor for the all-bamboo or bamboo-wood composite container as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific operation method of the assembly step is as follows:
when the ecological floor for the container is prepared by using a full-bamboo material, the glued bamboo mat is immediately conveyed on a mirror surface stainless steel plate coated with a release agent on an automatic assembly production line at regular time in a rolling conveying mode, then bamboo curtains are automatically placed on the automatic assembly production line in a vertically and horizontally alternate manner according to the set product process requirement, finally a double-sided rigid needle roller is automatically placed to roll the glued bamboo mat, and then the mirror surface stainless steel plate coated with the release agent is automatically conveyed and placed on a gland to be clamped; then directly conveying the blank plates to a cold pressing working section, stacking the blank plates to a certain height, sequentially transferring the blank plates to a frame type prepressing machine for circularly prepressing the blank plates, and preliminarily cold bonding the blank plates;
when the ecological floor for the container is produced and prepared for bamboo-wood composite materials, a long wooden single plate is conveyed on a lining plate on an automatic assembly production line at regular time in a rolling conveying mode, a double-faced glued wooden core plate and a long bamboo curtain which is longitudinally stacked and sealed and penetrated by double-faced rigid needle roller rolling are automatically conveyed and placed in an automatic conveying mode with the layers vertically and horizontally alternated according to the set product process requirements on the automatic assembly production line, and the long wooden core plate and the long bamboo curtain are automatically stacked and conveyed and placed after the required layers are automatically stacked vertically and horizontally alternated; and then automatically conveying and placing a panel, directly and automatically conveying to a cold pressing working section, stacking to a certain height, sequentially transferring to a frame type prepressing machine for circularly prepressing the blank plate, and preliminarily cold bonding the blank plate.
3. The preparation method of the brand-new energy-saving ecological floor for the all-bamboo or bamboo-wood composite container as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concrete operation method of the material making step is as follows:
the ecological fast-growing artificial forest cut log is subjected to rotary cutting on an automatic production line to form a wood veneer and a core board, and then is naturally pre-dried, the ecological fast-growing fir big dragon bamboo is subjected to cut-to-length production on the automatic production line, green removing, weaving into bamboo mats and bamboo curtains with different specifications, and then is naturally pre-dried.
4. The preparation method of the brand-new energy-saving ecological floor for the all-bamboo or bamboo-wood composite container as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific operation method of the drying step is as follows:
the wooden veneer, the wooden core board, the bamboo mat and the bamboo curtain are dried automatically at constant temperature by a roller dryer under a net belt, so that the moisture content of the wooden veneer, the wooden core board, the bamboo mat and the bamboo curtain after natural predrying can quickly reach below 10-12 percent.
5. The method for preparing the ecological floor for the brand-new energy-saving all-bamboo or bamboo-wood composite container as claimed in claim 1, wherein the assembling step is completed on an automatic assembling production line, and the automatic assembling production line is respectively provided with production lines of ecological base plates for containers in different assembling modes.
6. The method for preparing the ecological floor for the brand-new energy-saving all-bamboo or bamboo-wood composite container as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hot press is automatically operated by computer numerical control, and the presetting of temperature, the lifting adjustment and the pressure adjustment are all completed by one time of computer control.
7. A brand-new energy-saving ecological bottom plate for a full-bamboo or bamboo-wood composite container, which is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-6.
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| DE3123291A1 (en) * | 1981-06-12 | 1983-01-05 | Held, Kurt, 7218 Trossingen | DEVICE FOR APPLYING A SURFACE PRESS |
| CN101508124B (en) * | 2009-03-10 | 2011-01-05 | 杨湘云 | Preparation method of plywood for full-bamboo or bamboo wood composite container |
| CN104108120B (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-07-06 | 佛山市顺德区东顺木业有限公司 | Facing composite container baseboard and manufacture method thereof |
| BR112017013548B1 (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2022-08-30 | Ecosynthetix Inc | BINDER COMPOSITION, COMPOSITE PRODUCT, METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING A COMPOSITE PRODUCT AND A COMPOSITION OF BINDER, BINDER, AND WOOD COMPOSITE MATERIAL |
| CN106827115B (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2019-03-05 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of composite floor board continuous laminating method |
| CN107471391A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-12-15 | 兰州科天水性科技有限公司 | A kind of timber composite adhesive, without aldehyde particieboard and its manufacture method |
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