CN113612549A - Single-channel single-pulse angle tracking method based on digital signal reconstruction - Google Patents
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Abstract
A single-channel single-pulse angle tracking method based on digital signal reconstruction belongs to the technical field of space communication. The invention can recover the discontinuous signal in time into the continuous signal with continuous phase in time. Based on this, the invention uses the microwave switch to replace the modulation and sum-path module in the traditional single-channel single-pulse technology, the sum and difference signals are alternately gated in time division by controlling the microwave switch, the latter is converted into digital signals after amplification, down-conversion and filtering, continuous in-phase and orthogonal signals are recovered from the discontinuous sum signals by adopting the signal reconstruction method of the invention in a digital domain, and the relative amplitude and phase of the difference signals are extracted by taking the reconstructed in-phase and orthogonal signals as the reference, thereby realizing the estimation of the target angle information.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a single-channel single-pulse angle tracking method based on digital signal reconstruction, and belongs to the technical field of space communication.
Background
The main function of the pointing tracking technology is to receive radio frequency signals transmitted by a target antenna and form sum and difference beams, calculate the angular position deviation of the electric axis of the body antenna from the electric axis of the target antenna according to the amplitude and phase of the sum and difference beam signals, drive a servo by the deviation signal to control the motion of the body satellite antenna, finally realize the pointing alignment of the target antenna beam and establish a stable satellite-ground/satellite-satellite communication link.
The key difficulty of the single-channel single-pulse tracking technology in engineering application is the control of the phase consistency of the sum channel and the difference channel, and the relative phase error of the sum channel and the difference channel in a full-temperature range and a vacuum environment is required to be less than a certain range. Because the wavelengths of Ka, V and even THz frequency bands are very small, the phase consistency of a sum channel and a difference channel is easily deteriorated due to the change of the environment, and further the tracking system cannot normally work.
The existing method mainly synthesizes three-channel or two-channel sum and difference signals into a signal at an antenna radio frequency output port and then carries out down-conversion processing to realize the control of the phase consistency of the sum and the difference. The method needs to perform phase modulation on the difference signal and synthesize the difference signal and the sum signal, and has high requirement on the phase change consistency of the phase modulation and combiner in the full temperature range, especially in the V end and even higher THz frequency band, and the scheme cannot always ensure the phase characteristics of the sum channel and the difference channel in the full temperature range.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the method overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides a single-channel single-pulse angle tracking method based on digital signal reconstruction, and can restore discontinuous signals in time into continuous signals with continuous phases in time. Based on this, the invention uses the microwave switch to replace the modulation and sum-path module in the traditional single-channel single-pulse technology, the sum and difference signals are alternately gated in time division by controlling the microwave switch, the latter is converted into digital signals after amplification, down-conversion and filtering, continuous in-phase and orthogonal signals are recovered from the discontinuous sum signals by adopting the signal reconstruction method of the invention in a digital domain, and the relative amplitude and phase of the difference signals are extracted by taking the reconstructed in-phase and orthogonal signals as the reference, thereby realizing the estimation of the target angle information.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a single channel single pulse angle tracking system based on digital signal reconstruction, comprising:
the monopulse tracking antenna is used for acquiring the sum and difference signals and outputting the sum and difference signals to the phase-stabilizing electronic switch;
the phase-stabilizing electronic switch is used for time-sharing gating the sum signal and the difference signal according to the switch control signal output by the signal processor and outputting the time-sharing sum signal and the time-sharing difference signal to the microwave channel;
the microwave channel is used for amplifying, filtering and down-converting the time-sharing sum signal and the time-sharing difference signal and outputting the time-sharing sum signal and the time-sharing difference signal to the signal processor;
the signal processor is used for separating the sum signal and the difference signal according to the high-low level information of the switch control signal to form a path of sum signal which is discontinuous in time and another path of difference signal which is discontinuous in time; simultaneously capturing and tracking the discontinuous sum signal, reconstructing a continuous signal in phase and orthogonal with the sum signal, and simultaneously acquiring an energy value of the sum signal; mixing and filtering the locally reconstructed continuous reference signal which is in phase with the signal and is orthogonal with the signal and the difference signal, performing coherent integration to obtain an in-phase component and an orthogonal component value of the difference signal, and normalizing the in-phase component and the orthogonal component value by a sum signal energy value to obtain a azimuth difference signal and a pitch difference signal so as to finish the extraction of an angle error signal; filtering the angle error signal and outputting the angle error signal to a servo controller;
and the servo controller is used for driving the motor driving mechanism to rotate according to the angle information provided by the angle error signal so as to realize the scanning of the antenna beam until the angle information output by the signal processor is less than a threshold value, thereby completing the closed-loop tracking.
A single-channel single-pulse angle tracking method based on digital signal reconstruction comprises the following steps:
after receiving the space radio signal, forming a sum channel signal e after being excited by a feed source∑(t) sum and difference channel signal eΔ(t)；
The phase-stabilizing microwave electronic switch sums the channel signal e according to the switch control signal∑(t) and the difference channel signal eΔ(t) conducting either one of two to obtain a single-channel signal e (t);
the single-channel signal e (t) is subjected to signal amplification and down-conversion processing and is converted into a digital signal after analog-to-digital conversion;
the signal processor separates the single channel signal into a time-divided sum signal e 'according to the switch control signal'∑(t) and a difference signal e'Δ(t)；
Counter sum signal e'∑(t) capturing, and adopting a third-order phase-locked loop to carry out time division sum signal e 'after the capturing is successful'∑(t) tracking to obtain in-phase and quadrature continuous signals of the time division sum signal;
in-phase continuous signal S using locally reconstructed sum signalI(t) and orthogonal continuous signal SQ(t) to difference signal e'Δ(t) performing down-conversion treatment, firstly performing frequency mixing, then filtering out double high-frequency components by using a low-pass filter, and performing coherent integration to obtain the counterpoint difference delta VAAnd difference in pitch Δ VEThe energy value of (a);
will azimuth difference delta VAAnd difference in pitch Δ VEThe energy value of the sensor is normalized by taking the sum signal energy as a reference, and the estimation values of the azimuth difference and the pitch difference are obtained;
adjusting the relative phase compensation quantity to make the relative phase difference alpha of the sum and difference signals close to zero before the microwave switch outputs
When is 1Output azimuth difference of scale
Sum pitch difference
Will be different in azimuth
Sum pitch difference
And sending the signal to a servo motor to drive an antenna to rotate so as to complete closed-loop tracking of the antenna on the signal.
Further, the sum channel signal e∑(t) sum and difference channel signal eΔ(t) are each independently
e∑(t)＝Am cosωt
In the formula, Amμ θ is the magnitude of the resultant vector of the azimuth error signal and the pitch error signal, where AmIs the amplitude of the sum beam signal, mu is the difference slope of the antenna,
a is the angle of the target deviating from the electric axis in azimuth, and E is the angle of the target deviating from the electric axis in elevation;
synthesizing a phase of the carrier for the difference signal; the angular error information is contained in the amplitude a of the difference signalmμ θ and phase
Among them.
Furthermore, the phase-stabilizing electronic switch is adopted to time-share gate the sum signal and the difference signal according to the switch control signal output by the signal processor, and the time-share sum signal and the time-share difference signal are output to the microwave channel.
Further, the single-channel signal e (t) is
M and alpha are relative amplitude and phase errors caused by environmental changes of two paths of signals of sum and difference in a microwave channel transmission path before the microwave electronic switch outputs; c (T) is a square wave with a period T and amplitudes 1 and 0,
is the negation of C (t).
Further, the time-sharing sum signal e'∑(t) and a difference signal e'Δ(t) are each e'∑(t)＝AmC(t)cosωt、
Further, a sum signal e'∑(t) capturing, and adopting a third-order phase-locked loop to carry out time division sum signal e 'after the capturing is successful'∑(t) tracking to obtain in-phase and quadrature continuous signals of the time division sum signal; in-phase continuous signal S using locally reconstructed sum signalI(t) and orthogonal continuous signal SQ(t) to difference signal e'Δ(t) performing down-conversion treatment, firstly performing frequency mixing, then filtering out double high-frequency components by using a low-pass filter, and performing coherent integration to obtain the counterpoint difference delta VAAnd difference in pitch Δ VEThe energy value of (a);
further, the azimuth difference Δ VAAnd difference in pitch Δ VERespectively is
Further, the method is described in
Azimuth difference of time output of 1
Sum pitch difference
Are respectively as
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) according to the method based on signal reconstruction, the microwave electronic switch is used for replacing a sum and difference signal phase modulation and single-channel synthesis module, so that the factors influencing the change of the sum and difference phases in the signal transmission process are reduced, and the environmental adaptability of a single-channel single-pulse tracking system is improved;
2) the invention adopts the microwave electronic switch to replace a single-channel synthesizer in the traditional scheme, avoids the signal-to-noise ratio loss caused by single-channel synthesis in the traditional method, and improves the estimation precision of azimuth difference and pitching difference;
3) compared with the traditional phase modulation and synthesis module, the high-frequency-band microwave electronic switch has a simple structure, is easy to realize in engineering, and reduces the engineering application difficulty of a single-channel single-pulse technology in high-frequency bands such as Ka, V and THz;
4) the invention can directly replace the existing single-channel single-pulse technology without the need of inquiring and handshaking between two targets.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a hardware platform of a single-channel single-pulse angle tracking method based on signal reconstruction
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a single channel single pulse angle tracking method based on signal reconstruction according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the output signal of the microwave electronic switch of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the sum and difference signals after selection by a microwave electronic switch
Fig. 5 is a single-channel single-pulse angle error signal extraction algorithm based on signal reconstruction of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solutions, the technical solutions of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the specific features in the embodiments and examples of the present application are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present application, and are not limitations of the technical solutions of the present application, and the technical features in the embodiments and examples of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
The following describes in further detail a single-channel single-pulse angle tracking system and method based on digital signal reconstruction provided by the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings of the specification, and specific implementations may include (as shown in fig. 1 to 5):
the method comprises the following steps: generation of sum and difference signals
The method adopts a monopulse tracking antenna to obtain sum and difference signals, and the monopulse antenna can adopt a multi-horn tracking antenna, a higher order mode tracking antenna or a phased array antenna. After being received by the antenna, the space radio wave can excite the higher-order mode feed source, the multi-horn feed source or the phased array antenna on the antenna to generate two paths of signals of a sum path and a difference path.
Step two: sum and difference signal time-sharing acquisition of phase-stabilizing electronic switch
The phase-stabilizing electronic switch is an alternative switch and has high isolation and relative phase stability. The switch control signal is in a TTL level form and is divided into a high level and a low level. The phase-stabilizing electronic switch time-sharing gates the sum signal and the difference signal according to the switch control signal output by the signal processor, and outputs the sum signal at a high level and outputs the difference signal at a low level. The signals output by the phase-stabilizing electronic switch are time-sharing sum signals and difference signals.
Step three: signal reconstruction and angular error signal extraction of sum and difference signals
The time-sharing sum signal and the difference signal output by the phase-stabilizing electronic switch are amplified, filtered and down-converted by a microwave channel and then are collected and converted into digital signals by a signal processor. The digital signal processor separates the sum signal and the difference signal according to the high-low level information of the switch control signal to form a path of sum signal discontinuous in time and another path of difference signal discontinuous in time. The signal processor adopts a phase-locked loop tracking technology to track the discontinuous sum signal, reconstructs a continuous signal in phase and orthogonal with the sum signal and simultaneously acquires the energy value of the sum signal. And mixing, filtering and coherent integration are carried out on the locally restored continuous reference signals which are in phase and orthogonal with the signals and the difference signals to obtain in-phase components and orthogonal component values of the difference signals, and normalization is carried out according to energy values of the sum signals to obtain azimuth difference signals and pitch difference signals, so that the extraction of the diagonal error signals is completed.
Step four: closed loop tracking of target signal based on error signal
The signal processor filters the angle error signal and outputs the angle error signal to the servo controller, and the servo controller drives the motor driving mechanism to rotate according to the angle information to realize the scanning of the antenna beam until the angle information output by the signal processor is smaller than a threshold value, thereby completing the closed-loop tracking.
In the scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, a single-channel single-pulse angle tracking method based on digital signal reconstruction specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: a microwave electronic switch is installed according to the connection relationship of fig. 3. The sum and difference signal output ports of the antenna feed source are directly connected with waveguides with the same design, the tail ends of the channel waveguide and the difference channel waveguide are respectively connected with a wave identity conversion device with the same design, the wave identity conversion device is connected with a microwave electronic switch, and the output of the microwave electronic switch is connected with a post-stage device by adopting a coaxial radio frequency cable;
step two: the antenna receives the space radio signal and then forms a sum channel signal e after being excited by the feed source∑(t) sum and difference channel signal eΔ(t)。
e∑(t)＝Am cosωt (1)
In the formula, Amμ θ is the magnitude of the resultant vector of the azimuth error signal and the pitch error signal, where AmIs the amplitude of the sum beam signal, mu is the difference slope of the antenna,
a is the angle of the target from the electrical axis in azimuth and E is the angle of the target from the electrical axis in pitch.
The phase of the carrier is synthesized for the difference signal. The angular error information is contained in the amplitude a of the difference signalmμ θ and phase
Among them.
Step three: the phase-stabilizing microwave electronic switch sums the channel signal e according to the switch control signal∑(t) and the difference channel signal eΔ(t) conducting either one of two to obtain a single-channel signal e (t),
wherein, M and alpha are relative amplitude and phase error caused by environmental change in a microwave channel transmission path before the signals enter the microwave electronic switch for output. C (T) is a square wave with a period T and amplitudes of 1 and 0, which can be expressed as
Step four: and (e) (t) carrying out signal amplification and down-conversion processing on the single-channel signal, and converting the single-channel signal into a digital signal after analog-to-digital conversion. A sum signal e 'for separating the single channel signal into components according to the switch control signal'∑(t) and a difference signal e'Δ(t)，
e′∑(t)＝AmC(t)cosωt (5)
Step five: method for detecting frequency domain energy is adopted to pair sum signal e'∑(t) capturing, and adopting a third-order phase-locked loop to pair the sum signal e 'after the capturing is successful'∑(t) performing tracking. Through reasonably designed switch control signals and loop parameters, the signal processor can stably track the time-sharing sum signal e'∑(t) the sum signal e 'can be recovered during tracking'∑(t) in-phase continuous signal SI(t) and orthogonal continuous signal SQ(t)。
SI(t)＝cos(ωt) (7)
SQ(t)＝sin(ωt) (8)
Step six: using in-phase continuous signals SI(t) and orthogonal continuous signal SQ(t) to difference signal e'Δ(t) performing down-conversion treatment, mixing, and filtering out double high-frequency components by using a low-pass filter to obtain the counterpoint difference delta VAAnd difference in pitch Δ VEThe energy value of (c).
Step seven: will azimuth difference delta VAAnd difference in pitch Δ VENormalization processing is carried out by taking the sum signal as a reference to obtain the azimuth difference
Sum pitch difference
Is estimated as
When the system works, the relative phase compensation quantity is adjusted, so that the relative phase difference alpha of the sum signal and the difference signal before the output of the microwave switch is close to zero and is in the range of zero
A time output azimuth difference of 1
Sum pitch difference
Step eight: and (3) sending the azimuth difference and the pitch difference of the formula (13) and the formula (14) to a servo motor to drive an antenna to rotate, and completing the closed-loop tracking of the antenna on signals.
A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of fig. 1.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A single channel single pulse angle tracking system based on digital signal reconstruction, comprising:
the monopulse tracking antenna is used for acquiring the sum and difference signals and outputting the sum and difference signals to the phase-stabilizing electronic switch;
the phase-stabilizing electronic switch is used for time-sharing gating the sum signal and the difference signal according to the switch control signal output by the signal processor and outputting the time-sharing sum signal and the time-sharing difference signal to the microwave channel;
the microwave channel is used for amplifying, filtering and down-converting the time-sharing sum signal and the time-sharing difference signal and outputting the time-sharing sum signal and the time-sharing difference signal to the signal processor;
the signal processor is used for separating the sum signal and the difference signal according to the high-low level information of the switch control signal to form a path of sum signal which is discontinuous in time and another path of difference signal which is discontinuous in time; simultaneously capturing and tracking the discontinuous sum signal, reconstructing a continuous signal in phase and orthogonal with the sum signal, and simultaneously acquiring an energy value of the sum signal; mixing and filtering the locally reconstructed continuous reference signal which is in phase with the signal and is orthogonal with the signal and the difference signal, performing coherent integration to obtain an in-phase component and an orthogonal component value of the difference signal, and normalizing the in-phase component and the orthogonal component value by a sum signal energy value to obtain a azimuth difference signal and a pitch difference signal so as to finish the extraction of an angle error signal; filtering the angle error signal and outputting the angle error signal to a servo controller;
and the servo controller is used for driving the motor driving mechanism to rotate according to the angle information provided by the angle error signal so as to realize the scanning of the antenna beam until the angle information output by the signal processor is less than a threshold value, thereby completing the closed-loop tracking.
2. A single-channel single-pulse angle tracking method based on digital signal reconstruction is characterized by comprising the following steps:
after receiving the space radio signal, forming a sum channel signal e after being excited by a feed source∑(t) sum and difference channel signal eΔ(t)；
The phase-stabilizing microwave electronic switch sums the channel signal e according to the switch control signal∑(t) and the difference channel signal eΔ(t) conducting either one of two to obtain a single-channel signal e (t);
the single-channel signal e (t) is subjected to signal amplification and down-conversion processing and is converted into a digital signal after analog-to-digital conversion;
the signal processor separates the single channel signal into a time-divided sum signal e 'according to the switch control signal'∑(t) and a difference signal e'Δ(t)；
Counter sum signal e'∑(t) capturing, and adopting a third-order phase-locked loop to carry out time division sum signal e 'after the capturing is successful'∑(t) tracking to obtain in-phase and quadrature continuous signals of the time division sum signal;
in-phase continuous signal S using locally reconstructed sum signalI(t) and orthogonal continuous signal SQ(t) to difference signal e'Δ(t) performing down-conversion treatment, firstly performing frequency mixing, then filtering out double high-frequency components by using a low-pass filter, and performing coherent integration to obtain the counterpoint difference delta VAAnd difference in pitch Δ VEThe energy value of (a);
will azimuth difference delta VAAnd difference in pitch Δ VEThe energy value of the sensor is normalized by taking the sum signal energy as a reference, and the estimation values of the azimuth difference and the pitch difference are obtained;
adjusting the relative phase compensation quantity to make the relative phase difference alpha of the sum and difference signals close to zero before the microwave switch outputs
A time output azimuth difference of 1
Sum pitch difference
Will be different in azimuth
Sum pitch difference
And sending the signal to a servo motor to drive an antenna to rotate so as to complete closed-loop tracking of the antenna on the signal.
3. The single-channel single-pulse angle tracking method based on digital signal reconstruction as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the sum channel signal e∑(t) sum and difference channel signal eΔ(t) are each independently
e∑(t)＝Amcosωt
In the formula, Amμ θ is the magnitude of the resultant vector of the azimuth error signal and the pitch error signal, where AmIs the amplitude of the sum beam signal, mu is the difference slope of the antenna,
a is the angle of the target deviating from the electric axis in azimuth, and E is the angle of the target deviating from the electric axis in elevation;
synthesizing a phase of the carrier for the difference signal; the angular error information is contained in the amplitude a of the difference signalmμ θ and phase
Among them.
4. The single-channel single-pulse angle tracking method based on digital signal reconstruction as claimed in claim 3, wherein: and the phase-stabilizing electronic switch is adopted to time-share gate the sum signal and the difference signal according to the switch control signal output by the signal processor, and output the time-share sum signal and the time-share difference signal to the microwave channel.
5. The single-channel single-pulse angle tracking method based on digital signal reconstruction as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the single-channel signal e (t) is
M and alpha are relative amplitude and phase errors caused by environmental changes of two paths of signals of sum and difference in a microwave channel transmission path before the microwave electronic switch outputs; c (T) is a square wave with a period T and amplitudes 1 and 0,
is the negation of C (t).
6. The single-channel single-pulse angle tracking method based on digital signal reconstruction as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the time-sharing sum signal e'∑(t) and a difference signal e'Δ(t) are each e'∑(t)＝AmC(t)cosωt、
7. The single-channel single-pulse angle tracking method based on digital signal reconstruction as claimed in claim 6, wherein: counter sum signal e'∑(t) capturing, and adopting a third-order phase-locked loop to carry out time division sum signal e 'after the capturing is successful'∑(t) tracking to obtain in-phase and quadrature continuous signals of the time division sum signal; in-phase continuous signal S using locally reconstructed sum signalI(t) and orthogonal continuous signal SQ(t) to difference signal e'Δ(t) performing down-conversion, mixing, and low-passThe filter filters out the double high frequency component and performs coherent integration to obtain the counterpoint difference delta VAAnd difference in pitch Δ VEThe energy value of (a);
8. the single-channel single-pulse angle tracking method based on digital signal reconstruction as claimed in claim 6, wherein: said azimuth difference Δ VAAnd difference in pitch Δ VERespectively is
9. The single-channel single-pulse angle tracking method based on digital signal reconstruction as claimed in claim 7, wherein: said is at
Azimuth difference of time output of 1
Sum pitch difference
Are respectively as
10. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 2 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110728199.XA CN113612549B (en) | 2021-06-29 | 2021-06-29 | Single-channel single-pulse angle tracking method, system and medium based on digital reconstruction |
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