CN113608130A - Online estimation method for state of charge of battery cluster - Google Patents

Online estimation method for state of charge of battery cluster Download PDF

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CN113608130A
CN113608130A CN202110903508.2A CN202110903508A CN113608130A CN 113608130 A CN113608130 A CN 113608130A CN 202110903508 A CN202110903508 A CN 202110903508A CN 113608130 A CN113608130 A CN 113608130A
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charge
state
battery
cell
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CN113608130B (en
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宋欣民
陈刚良
周建军
王荣强
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Hangzhou Kegong Electronic Technology Co ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
    • G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
    • G01R31/388—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC involving voltage measurements

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Abstract

The invention discloses an online estimation method of the state of charge of a battery cluster, which comprises the following steps: step S1, calculating the charge state of the cell stack to which each single cell belongs by using the charge state of the single cell calculated in real time; and step S2, calculating the charge state of each battery cluster in the battery stack by using the charge state of the battery stack and the charge state of each single battery calculated in real time. The method firstly calculates the charge state of the single battery by using the voltage and current data of the battery acquired in real time, then calculates the charge state of the battery stack, and finally calculates the charge state of the battery cluster in the battery stack by combining the charge state of the single battery and the charge state of the battery stack, thereby realizing the real-time grading calculation of the charge state of the battery stack, the charge state of the battery cluster and the charge state of the single battery, improving the calculation precision of the charge state of the battery cluster, obtaining a smooth charge state curve, and simultaneously leading the running states of the battery stack and the battery cluster to be full or empty along with the full or empty state of the single battery.

Description

Online estimation method for state of charge of battery cluster
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery management, in particular to an online estimation method for the state of charge of a battery cluster.
Background
In recent years, the application scale of lithium ion batteries in energy storage power stations has increased explosively, and a Battery Management System (BMS) operating in cooperation with the lithium ion batteries is responsible for managing the charging and discharging states and the use safety of the batteries. The State of charge (SOC) of a battery is a physical quantity that directly reflects the energy State of the battery, and is an important parameter for battery charge/discharge management and safety control.
The battery system of the energy storage power station generally comprises a plurality of single batteries which are connected in series and in parallel to form a battery cluster, and a plurality of battery clusters are connected in parallel to form a battery stack and then are connected into the same converter to form an energy storage unit. When the energy storage power station operates, the monitoring system regulates the power of the converter according to the charge state of the cell stack and the charge state of the cell cluster, so that the power is matched with a power grid dispatching instruction. Therefore, the detection accuracy of the state of charge of the cell stack and the state of charge of the cell cluster is high and low, and the method becomes an important index influencing the running state of the energy storage system.
At present, the BMS of an energy storage power station generally calculates the state of charge of a cell stack or a cell cluster by simply taking the average value of the state of charge of a single cell, or calculates the cell cluster or the cell stack as a whole as a single cell. The two calculation schemes have the problems that the charge state of a battery stack and the charge state of a battery cluster are stepped, and the battery stack or the battery cluster cannot be fully charged or discharged when a single battery is fully charged or discharged, so that the calculation accuracy of the charge state of the battery stack or the battery cluster is low, and the performance of an energy storage power station is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an online estimation method for the charge state of a battery cluster, aiming at improving the calculation accuracy of the charge state of a battery stack and the charge state of the battery cluster and maximizing the performance of an energy storage power station.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for estimating the state of charge of the battery cluster on line comprises the following steps:
step S1, calculating the charge state of the battery pile to which each single battery belongs by using the charge state of the single battery calculated in real time;
step S2, calculating the state of charge of each cell cluster in the cell stack by using the state of charge of the cell stack and the state of charge of each single cell calculated in real time, where the state of charge of a cell cluster is calculated by the following formula (1):
Figure 46689DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
in the formula (1), the first and second groups,
Figure 384130DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
representing a state of charge of the battery cluster to be calculated;
Figure 309491DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
representing a maximum cell state of charge in the battery cluster;
Figure 706975DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
representing a mean value of the states of charge of the cells in the battery cluster;
Figure 845351DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
representing a minimum state of charge of a monomer in the battery cluster;
Figure 471635DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
a state of charge of the battery cluster representing a last calculation cycle of a current calculation cycle;
Figure 500771DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
a state of charge of the stack representing a current calculation cycle;
Figure 85467DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
representing the maximum value of the single voltage in the battery cluster in the current calculation period;
Figure 442630DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
representing the minimum value of the single voltage in the battery cluster in the current calculation period;
Figure 387453DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
representing a cell voltage upper threshold of the cell;
Figure 284477DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
representing a cell voltage lower threshold of the cell;
Figure 23763DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
representing the current of the battery cluster for the current calculation cycle.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the state of charge of the cell stack is calculated by the following formula (2):
Figure 133801DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
in the formula (2), the first and second groups,
Figure 367468DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
representing the state of charge of the stack to be calculated;
Figure 371196DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
representing a cell state-of-charge maximum in the stack over a current calculation period;
Figure 32115DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
representing the average value of the cell state of charge in the cell stack in the current calculation period;
Figure 644098DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
representing a cell state-of-charge minimum in the stack during a current calculation cycle;
Figure 665144DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
a state of charge of the stack representing a previous calculation cycle of a current calculation cycle;
Figure 539690DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
representing a cell voltage maximum in the cell stack in a current calculation cycle;
Figure 355199DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
representing a cell voltage minimum in the cell stack in a current calculation cycle;
Figure 439830DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
representing a cell voltage upper threshold of the cell;
Figure 15299DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
representing a cell voltage lower threshold of the cell;
Figure 993619DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
representing the stack current for the current calculation cycle.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the state of charge of each of the unit cells is calculated by the following equation (3):
Figure 993412DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
in the formula (3), the first and second groups,
Figure 299759DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
representing the state of charge of the single battery to be calculated;
Figure 662608DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
representing the initial value of the state of charge of the single battery;
Figure 777325DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
representing the state of charge change value of the single battery in charge and discharge;
Figure 934637DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
a correction value representing a cell state of charge calculation.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
Figure 728281DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
calculated by the following formula (4):
ΔSOC c =η×(∑t×I(t))/C0 formula (4)
In the formula (4), η is the coulombic efficiency of the single battery;
C0the rated capacity of the single battery is set;
t represents a current sampling period of the single battery;
i (t) represents the battery current of the single battery in a t sampling period.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, η = 0.9999.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
Figure 648482DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
calculated by the following formula (4):
Figure 601395DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
in the formula (4), the first and second groups,
Figure 945919DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
displaying a value for the state of charge of the single battery at the t-charge time or t-discharge time;
Figure 226859DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
is composed of
Figure 10139DEST_PATH_IMAGE063
The corresponding standard value of the state of charge of the single battery,
Figure 551978DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
charging corresponding to current single battery current through comparison
Figure 64475DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
Standard curve or discharge
Figure 222924DEST_PATH_IMAGE067
Standard curve.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, if the unit battery is a lithium iron phosphate battery, the upper limit threshold of the unit voltage of the unit battery is set
Figure 341052DEST_PATH_IMAGE069
Is 3.49V;
setting a cell voltage lower threshold of the cell
Figure 753710DEST_PATH_IMAGE071
It was 2.9V.
The method firstly calculates the charge state of the single battery by using the voltage and current data of the battery acquired in real time, then calculates the charge state of the battery stack, and finally calculates the charge state of the battery cluster in the battery stack by combining the charge state of the single battery and the charge state of the battery stack, thereby realizing the real-time grading calculation of the charge state of the battery stack, the charge state of the battery cluster and the charge state of the single battery, improving the calculation precision of the charge state of the battery cluster, obtaining a smooth charge state curve, and simultaneously leading the running states of the battery stack and the battery cluster to be full or empty along with the full or empty state of the single battery.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating implementation steps of a method for estimating a state of charge of a battery cluster on line according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block flow diagram of a process for calculating a state of charge of a battery cluster;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a typical architecture of an energy storage power station battery system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a series connection of unit cells in a cell box;
FIG. 5 shows the charging of a single battery at different currents
Figure 689305DEST_PATH_IMAGE073
A schematic of a standard curve;
FIG. 6 shows the discharge of a single cell at different currents
Figure 944837DEST_PATH_IMAGE073
A schematic of a standard curve;
fig. 7 is a diagram for verifying the effect of the online state of charge estimation method provided by the embodiment of the invention applied to an energy storage system matched with a photovoltaic power station.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustration only and are shown by way of illustration only and not in actual form, and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are used for indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not indicated or implied that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limitations of the present patent, and the specific meanings of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the term "connected" or the like, if appearing to indicate a connection relationship between the components, is to be understood broadly, for example, as being fixed or detachable or integral; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through one or more other components or may be in an interactive relationship with one another. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 3 shows a typical architecture diagram of an energy storage plant battery system. As shown in fig. 3, the battery system of the energy storage power station comprises battery boxes (in fig. 3, "battery box 1-1 #" "battery box 1-2 #" "battery box 1-N #" "battery box N-1 #" "battery box N-2 #" "battery box N-N #" is a battery box in a battery cluster, and is composed of single batteries connected in series, as shown in fig. 4, battery box 1-1# -battery box 1-N # forms a battery cluster, and a plurality of battery clusters form a battery stack) and a BMS, wherein the BMS comprises three levels of a single battery management module, a battery cluster management module and a battery stack management module,the single battery management module manages the corresponding single battery and can be used for calculating the charge state of the corresponding single battery
Figure 733234DEST_PATH_IMAGE075
The battery cluster management module manages the corresponding battery cluster and can be used for calculating the state of charge of the corresponding battery cluster
Figure 515245DEST_PATH_IMAGE077
The stack management module manages the corresponding stack and can be used for calculating the state of charge of the corresponding stack
Figure 231528DEST_PATH_IMAGE079
. The single battery management module, the battery cluster management module and the battery stack management module mutually transmit the acquired battery voltage, current and charge state information through a communication system.
The following description will be made of a specific implementation of the online estimation method for the state of charge of a battery cluster, which is provided by the embodiment of the present invention, by taking an energy storage system of a lithium iron phosphate battery as an example, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, where the online estimation method includes:
step S1, calculating the charge state of the cell stack to which each single cell belongs by using the charge state of the single cell calculated in real time;
the charge state of the single battery is calculated according to the voltage and the current of the single battery collected in real time and by the following formula (1):
Figure 849723DEST_PATH_IMAGE081
in the formula (1), the first and second groups,
Figure 699867DEST_PATH_IMAGE083
representing the state of charge of the single battery to be calculated;
Figure 680592DEST_PATH_IMAGE085
indicating an initial value of the state of charge of the cell
Figure 705793DEST_PATH_IMAGE087
Obtaining or calculating a storage value initially stored in a memory of the single battery management module by looking up a table according to an open circuit voltage method or by adopting the charge state of the single battery;
Figure 670338DEST_PATH_IMAGE089
indicating the change value of the state of charge of the single battery during charging and discharging
Figure 58594DEST_PATH_IMAGE090
Calculated by the following formula (2):
ΔSOC c =η×(∑t×I(t))/C0formula (2)
In the formula (2), η is the coulombic efficiency of the single battery; in this example, η =0.9999 is taken.
C0The rated capacity of the single battery is set;
t represents the current sampling period of the single battery;
and I (t) represents the battery current of the single battery in a t sampling period.
Figure 300350DEST_PATH_IMAGE092
Correction value representing calculation of state of charge of single battery, correction value
Figure 624015DEST_PATH_IMAGE093
When the charging voltage of the single battery reaches the upper limit threshold value of 3.49V or the discharging voltage reaches the lower limit threshold value of 2.9V, the current single battery is charged
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE095
Charging at a value and current battery current
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE097
Standard curve or discharge
Figure 157415DEST_PATH_IMAGE098
Comparing the standard curves to obtain the standard value of the single battery charge state under the current battery current
Figure 349362DEST_PATH_IMAGE100
Correction value
Figure 711204DEST_PATH_IMAGE102
Can be calculated by the following formula (3):
Figure 595983DEST_PATH_IMAGE104
in the formula (3), the first and second groups,
Figure 410487DEST_PATH_IMAGE106
displaying a value for the state of charge of the single battery at the t charging time or the t discharging time;
Figure 278561DEST_PATH_IMAGE108
is composed of
Figure 9757DEST_PATH_IMAGE110
The corresponding standard value of the state of charge of the single battery,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE111
charging corresponding to current single battery current through comparison
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE113
Standard curve or discharge
Figure 894798DEST_PATH_IMAGE114
Standard curve (charging at different currents)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE115
Standard curve and discharge
Figure 383549DEST_PATH_IMAGE114
Please refer to the standard curveIn fig. 5 and 6, "0.1C", "0.2C" … … "2.0C" in fig. 5 and 6 is a battery charge rate or discharge rate). Here, as shown in fig. 5 or fig. 6, the same voltage may correspond to SOCs with different currents (the currents of the single batteries with different charge and discharge rates are usually different under the same voltage), that is, one voltage corresponds to a plurality of SOCs, so that one voltage needs to be determined and selected according to the current first
Figure 495179DEST_PATH_IMAGE116
The standard curve, and then SOCc is determined from the voltage V.
In this embodiment, the state of charge of the stack is calculated by the following formula (4):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE117
in the formula (4), the first and second groups,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE119
representing the state of charge of the stack to be calculated;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE121
representing the maximum cell state of charge (maximum cell state of charge) in the cell stack in the current calculation period;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE123
representing the average value of the cell state of charge in the cell stack in the current calculation period;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE125
representing the minimum value of the state of charge of the cell in the cell stack in the current calculation period;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE127
represents the current calculation cycleThe state of charge of the cell stack for each calculation cycle;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE129
represents the maximum cell voltage (cell voltage) in the cell stack in the current calculation cycle;
Figure 658045DEST_PATH_IMAGE131
representing the minimum value of the cell voltage in the cell stack in the current calculation period;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE132
indicating the upper threshold of the cell voltage of the cell (when the cell is a lithium iron phosphate battery, the upper threshold of the cell voltage of the cell is set
Figure 697676DEST_PATH_IMAGE133
3.49V);
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE134
indicating the lower limit of the cell voltage of the cell (when the cell is a lithium iron phosphate battery, the lower limit of the cell voltage of the cell is set
Figure 283509DEST_PATH_IMAGE134
2.9V);
Icsrepresenting the stack current for the current calculation cycle.
Step S2, calculating the state of charge of each cell cluster in the stack by the following equation (5) using the state of charge of the stack and the states of charge of each cell calculated in real time,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE136
in the formula (5), the first and second groups,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE138
representing the state of charge of the battery cluster to be calculated;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE140
represents the maximum cell state of charge (maximum cell state of charge) in the battery cluster;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE142
represents the average value of the state of charge of the cells in the battery cluster;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE144
representing the minimum value of the charge state of a monomer in the battery cluster;
Figure 299974DEST_PATH_IMAGE145
representing the state of charge of the battery cluster of the previous calculation period of the current calculation period;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE146
representing the state of charge of the stack for the current calculation cycle;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE148
representing the maximum value of the single voltage in the battery cluster (the maximum value of the single voltage) in the current calculation period;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE150
representing the minimum value of the single voltage in the battery cluster in the current calculation period;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE152
indicating the upper threshold of the cell voltage of the cell (when the cell is a lithium iron phosphate battery, the upper threshold of the cell voltage of the cell is set
Figure 937935DEST_PATH_IMAGE151
3.49V);
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE154
indicating the lower limit of the cell voltage of the cell (when the cell is a lithium iron phosphate battery, the lower limit of the cell voltage of the cell is set
Figure 11065DEST_PATH_IMAGE155
2.9V);
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE156
representing the current of the battery cluster for the current calculation cycle.
Fig. 7 shows an effect verification diagram of the online state of charge estimation method provided by the embodiment of the invention applied to an energy storage system matched with a photovoltaic power station. As can be seen from fig. 7, the stack state-of-charge curve and the cluster state-of-charge curve formed by comparing the stack state-of-charge curve and the cluster state-of-charge curve formed by the calculated stack state-of-charge and the cluster state-of-charge with the state-of-charge display value of the BMS are smoother, and the problem that the stack state-of-charge and the cluster state-of-charge are stepped easily in the conventional stack or cluster state-of-charge calculation method is solved. In addition, the method combines the maximum value, the average value and the minimum value of the single battery state of charge and the maximum value and the minimum value of the single battery voltage to calculate the state of charge of the battery pack and the battery pile, and solves the problems that the battery pack or the battery pack cannot be fully charged or discharged and the calculation accuracy of the state of charge is low when the single battery is fully charged or discharged.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the invention and the technical principles applied thereto. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, equivalents, changes, and the like can be made to the present invention. However, such variations are within the scope of the invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the invention. In addition, certain terms used in the specification and claims of the present application are not limiting, but are used merely for convenience of description.

Claims (7)

1. The method for estimating the state of charge of the battery cluster on line is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, calculating the charge state of the battery pile to which each single battery belongs by using the charge state of the single battery calculated in real time;
step S2, calculating the state of charge of each cell cluster in the cell stack by using the state of charge of the cell stack and the state of charge of each single cell calculated in real time, where the state of charge of a cell cluster is calculated by the following formula (1):
Figure 674962DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
in the formula (1), the first and second groups,
Figure 504377DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
representing a state of charge of the battery cluster to be calculated;
Figure 94759DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
representing a maximum cell state of charge in the battery cluster;
Figure 402243DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
representing a mean value of the states of charge of the cells in the battery cluster;
Figure 141441DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
representing a minimum state of charge of a monomer in the battery cluster;
Figure 141758DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
a state of charge of the battery cluster representing a last calculation cycle of a current calculation cycle;
Figure 953857DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
a state of charge of the stack representing a current calculation cycle;
Figure 829146DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
representing the maximum value of the single voltage in the battery cluster in the current calculation period;
Figure 918456DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
representing the minimum value of the single voltage in the battery cluster in the current calculation period;
Figure 89675DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
representing a cell voltage upper threshold of the cell;
Figure 887604DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
representing a cell voltage lower threshold of the cell;
Figure 536891DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
representing the current of the battery cluster for the current calculation cycle.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the state of charge of the cell stack is calculated by the following formula (2):
Figure 11866DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
in the formula (2), the first and second groups,
Figure 790204DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
representing the state of charge of the stack to be calculated;
Figure 576894DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
representing a cell state-of-charge maximum in the stack over a current calculation period;
Figure 397914DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
representing the average value of the cell state of charge in the cell stack in the current calculation period;
Figure 852030DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
representing a cell state-of-charge minimum in the stack during a current calculation cycle;
Figure 365050DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
a state of charge of the stack representing a previous calculation cycle of a current calculation cycle;
Figure 12938DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
representing a cell voltage maximum in the cell stack in a current calculation cycle;
Figure 535187DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
representing a cell voltage minimum in the cell stack in a current calculation cycle;
Figure 984754DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
representing a cell voltage upper threshold of the cell;
Figure 432790DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
representing a cell voltage lower threshold of the cell;
Figure 803860DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
representing the stack current for the current calculation cycle.
3. The method for estimating the state of charge of a battery cluster on line according to claim 1, wherein the state of charge of each single battery is calculated by the following formula (3):
Figure 129799DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
in the formula (3), the first and second groups,
Figure 932408DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
representing the state of charge of the single battery to be calculated;
Figure 787231DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
representing the initial value of the state of charge of the single battery;
Figure 946729DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
representing the state of charge change value of the single battery in charge and discharge;
Figure 545201DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
indicating state of charge of cellThe calculated correction value.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the method comprises,
Figure 438201DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
calculated by the following formula (4):
ΔSOC c =η×(∑t×I(t))/C0formula (4)
In the formula (4), η is the coulombic efficiency of the single battery;
C0the rated capacity of the single battery is set;
t represents a current sampling period of the single battery;
i (t) represents the battery current of the single battery in a t sampling period.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein η = 0.9999.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the method comprises,
Figure 228041DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
calculated by the following formula (4):
Figure 698336DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
in the formula (4), the first and second groups,
Figure 569340DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
displaying a value for the state of charge of the single battery at the t-charge time or t-discharge time;
Figure 80962DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
is composed of
Figure 543167DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
The corresponding standard value of the state of charge of the single battery,
Figure 500759DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
charging corresponding to current single battery current through comparison
Figure 80514DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
Standard curve or discharge
Figure 807161DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
Standard curve.
7. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein if the single battery is a lithium iron phosphate battery, setting a cell voltage upper threshold of the single battery
Figure 174689DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
Is 3.49V;
setting a cell voltage lower threshold of the cell
Figure 619577DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
It was 2.9V.
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