CN113550147B - 一种碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料的制备方法,涉及碳纤维材料技术领域,本发明以碳纤维织物作为基底,通过与环氧树脂的两次复合制得碳纤维基面料,利用碳纤维所具备的高强度和高模量的特性来赋予面料优良的机械性能,并且通过环氧树脂的复合来减小碳纤维织物的脆性,提高碳纤维织物的抗冲击性能,从而进一步优化面料的综合使用效果,实现面料在防刺防砍服加工中的应用。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及碳纤维材料技术领域,具体涉及一种碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料的制备方法。
背景技术:
碳纤维是由碳元素组成的一种特种纤维,具有耐高温、抗摩擦、导电、导热、耐腐蚀等特性,外形呈纤维状,柔软,可加工成各种织物。由于碳纤维的石墨微晶结构沿纤维轴择优取向,因此其沿纤维轴方向有很高的强度和模量。碳纤维的密度小,因此比强度和比模量高。碳纤维的主要用途是作为增强材料与树脂、金属、陶瓷及炭等复合,制造复合材料。
碳纤维复合材料最大的缺点是脆性大,断裂延伸率低,在遭受冲击后容易引起损伤,并大幅度降低复合材料的力学性能,尤其是冲击后的剩余压缩强度明显降低。因此,提高碳纤维复合材料的韧性和抗冲击性能是扩大其应用范围的关键问题。
发明内容:
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料的制备方法,以碳纤维织物作为基底,通过浸渍处理来提高碳纤维织物的韧性,改善碳纤维织物的抗冲击性能,克服碳纤维复合材料脆性大、抗冲击性能差的问题。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下的技术方案来实现:
一种碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料的制备方法,包括以下制备步骤:
(1)一级浸渍液的制备:向有机溶剂中加入环氧树脂和固化剂,混合均匀,得到一级浸渍液;
(2)一级复合:将碳纤维织物置于一级浸渍液中浸渍10-30min,干燥脱除溶剂,然后在温度90-120℃、压力0.5-2MPa下热压成型;
(3)二级浸渍液的制备:向有机溶剂中加入环氧树脂、固化剂和阻燃剂,混合均匀,得到二级浸渍液;
(4)二级复合:将经步骤(2)处理后的碳纤维织物置于二级浸渍液中浸渍10-30min,干燥脱除溶剂,然后在温度90-120℃、压力0.5-2MPa下热压成型;
(5)固化:将经步骤(4)处理后的碳纤维织物在温度150-180℃下固化2-4h,得到碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料。
所述环氧树脂为双酚A型环氧树脂。双酚A型环氧树脂的耐腐蚀性强,电绝缘性好,机械性能高,固化时体积收缩小。
所述有机溶剂为丙酮、丁酮、甲苯、二甲苯、三氯甲烷中的至少一种。
所述固化剂为二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺、间苯二甲胺中的至少一种。
所述阻燃剂为有机磷阻燃剂。在二级浸渍液中添加阻燃剂以解决环氧树脂易燃的问题,保证最终所制碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料的阻燃性能。
所述有机磷阻燃剂为磷酸酯、缩聚磷酸酯、氧化膦、磷杂环化合物中的至少一种。有机磷阻燃剂是一种阻燃性能较好的阻燃剂,具有阻燃和增塑双重作用。
所述一级浸渍液中所含环氧树脂、固化剂、有机溶剂的质量比为(20-50):(10-30):(15-40)。
所述二级浸渍液中所含环氧树脂、固化剂、阻燃剂、有机溶剂的质量比为(20-50):(10-30):(0.5-5):(15-40)。
所述热压成型的时间为5-20min。通过热压成型实现环氧树脂与碳纤维的复合,制得环氧树脂填充的碳纤维织物,改善碳纤维织物的韧性,提高碳纤维织物的抗冲击性能。
所述固化剂为1,3-双(3-氨基丙基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷。
采用1,3-双(3-氨基丙基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷作为固化剂,除了对环氧树脂起到固化作用以外,还可以增强韧性,提高最终所制碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料的抗冲击性能。
所述固化剂为2,2-双[4-(4-氨基苯氧基)苯基]-1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟丙烷。相对于1,3-双(3-氨基丙基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷来说,采用2,2-双[4-(4-氨基苯氧基)苯基]-1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟丙烷作为固化剂能够更好地改善最终所制碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料的抗冲击性能。
并且,采用1,3-双(3-氨基丙基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷和2,2-双[4-(4-氨基苯氧基)苯基]-1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟丙烷作为固化剂还能够降低固化温度以及缩短固化时间。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明以碳纤维织物作为基底,通过与环氧树脂的两次复合制得碳纤维基面料,利用碳纤维所具备的高强度和高模量的特性来赋予面料优良的机械性能,并且通过环氧树脂的复合来减小碳纤维织物的脆性,提高碳纤维织物的抗冲击性能,从而进一步优化面料的综合使用效果,实现面料在防刺防砍服加工中的应用。
具体实施方式:
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1
(1)一级浸渍液的制备:向30份丙酮中加入45份双酚A型环氧树脂和10份二乙烯三胺,混合均匀,得到一级浸渍液。
(2)一级复合:将碳纤维织物置于一级浸渍液中浸渍15min,浴比1:3,干燥脱除溶剂,然后在温度110℃、压力1MPa下热压成型10min。
(3)二级浸渍液的制备:向30份丙酮中加入45份双酚A型环氧树脂、15份二乙烯三胺和1份有机磷阻燃剂DMMP,混合均匀,得到二级浸渍液。
(4)二级复合:将经步骤(2)处理后的碳纤维织物置于二级浸渍液中浸渍25min,浴比1:3,干燥脱除溶剂,然后在温度105℃、压力1.5MPa下热压成型15min。
(5)固化:将经步骤(4)处理后的碳纤维织物在温度150℃下固化2h,180℃下固化1h,得到碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料。
实施例2
(1)一级浸渍液的制备:向35份丙酮中加入45份双酚A型环氧树脂和15份三乙烯四胺,混合均匀,得到一级浸渍液。
(2)一级复合:将碳纤维织物置于一级浸渍液中浸渍20min,浴比1:3,干燥脱除溶剂,然后在温度120℃、压力1MPa下热压成型15min。
(3)二级浸渍液的制备:向30份丙酮中加入38份双酚A型环氧树脂、10份三乙烯四胺和1份有机磷阻燃剂RDP,混合均匀,得到二级浸渍液。
(4)二级复合:将经步骤(2)处理后的碳纤维织物置于二级浸渍液中浸渍20min,浴比1:3,干燥脱除溶剂,然后在温度110℃、压力1MPa下热压成型15min。
(5)固化:将经步骤(4)处理后的碳纤维织物在温度150℃下固化2h,180℃下固化2h,得到碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料。
实施例3
(1)一级浸渍液的制备:向40份丙酮中加入50份双酚A型环氧树脂和15份间苯二甲胺,混合均匀,得到一级浸渍液。
(2)一级复合:将碳纤维织物置于一级浸渍液中浸渍25min,浴比1:3,干燥脱除溶剂,然后在温度120℃、压力1.5MPa下热压成型15min。
(3)二级浸渍液的制备:向25份丙酮中加入40份双酚A型环氧树脂、10份间苯二甲胺和1份有机磷阻燃剂DMMP,混合均匀,得到二级浸渍液。
(4)二级复合:将经步骤(2)处理后的碳纤维织物置于二级浸渍液中浸渍15min,浴比1:3,干燥脱除溶剂,然后在温度120℃、压力1MPa下热压成型15min。
(5)固化:将经步骤(4)处理后的碳纤维织物在温度150℃下固化2h,180℃下固化2h,得到碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料。
实施例4
将实施例3中的固化剂替换为1,3-双(3-氨基丙基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷得到实施例4,并将固化条件修改为“在温度120℃下固化1h,160℃下固化1h”,其余制备步骤同实施例3。
实施例5
将实施例3中的固化剂替换为2,2-双[4-(4-氨基苯氧基)苯基]-1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟丙烷得到实施例5,并将固化条件修改为“在温度120℃下固化1h,160℃下固化45min”,其余制备步骤同实施例3。
经测试,实施例1-5制备的碳纤维基面料符合标准GA 68-2003《防刺服》的要求。
按照GB/T 1451-2005测试实施例1-5制备的碳纤维基面料主承力方向冲击性能,结果如表1所示。
表1碳纤维基面料的冲击韧性
组别 | 冲击韧性(kJ/m2) |
实施例1 | 2.57 |
实施例2 | 2.69 |
实施例3 | 2.81 |
实施例4 | 3.06 |
实施例5 | 3.28 |
从表1可以看出,在制备步骤完全相同的条件下,采用,3-双(3-氨基丙基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷和2,2-双[4-(4-氨基苯氧基)苯基]-1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟丙烷作为固化剂不仅可以降低固化温度以及缩短固化时间,还能增强面料的冲击韧性。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (8)
1.一种碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下制备步骤:
(1)一级浸渍液的制备:向有机溶剂中加入环氧树脂和固化剂,混合均匀,得到一级浸渍液;
(2)一级复合:将碳纤维织物置于一级浸渍液中浸渍10-30min,干燥脱除溶剂,然后在温度90-120℃、压力0.5-2MPa下热压成型;
(3)二级浸渍液的制备:向有机溶剂中加入环氧树脂、固化剂和阻燃剂,混合均匀,得到二级浸渍液;
(4)二级复合:将经步骤(2)处理后的碳纤维织物置于二级浸渍液中浸渍10-30min,干燥脱除溶剂,然后在温度90-120℃、压力0.5-2MPa下热压成型;
(5)固化:将经步骤(4)处理后的碳纤维织物在温度150-180℃下固化2-4h,得到碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料;
所述固化剂为2,2-双[4-(4-氨基苯氧基)苯基]-1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟丙烷。
2.根据权利要求1所述的碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述环氧树脂为双酚A型环氧树脂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述有机溶剂为丙酮、丁酮、甲苯、二甲苯、三氯甲烷中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述阻燃剂为有机磷阻燃剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述有机磷阻燃剂为磷酸酯、缩聚磷酸酯、氧化膦、磷杂环化合物中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述一级浸渍液中所含环氧树脂、固化剂、有机溶剂的质量比为(20-50):(10-30):(15-40)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述二级浸渍液中所含环氧树脂、固化剂、阻燃剂、有机溶剂的质量比为(20-50):(10-30):(0.5-5):(15-40)。
8.根据权利要求1所述的碳纤维基防刺防砍服面料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述热压成型的时间为5-20min。
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