CN113545311A - Fry screening system and method - Google Patents
Fry screening system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113545311A CN113545311A CN202110938088.1A CN202110938088A CN113545311A CN 113545311 A CN113545311 A CN 113545311A CN 202110938088 A CN202110938088 A CN 202110938088A CN 113545311 A CN113545311 A CN 113545311A
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- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 341
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 539
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 152
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013332 fish product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/90—Sorting, grading, counting or marking live aquatic animals, e.g. sex determination
- A01K61/95—Sorting, grading, counting or marking live aquatic animals, e.g. sex determination specially adapted for fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fry screening system and a fry screening method, wherein the fry screening system comprises a fish screening pond, the fish screening pond is used for loading fries to be screened, one side of the fish screening pond is provided with a fish containing box, and the fish containing box is used for loading the screened fries; the fish screening pond and the fish containing boxes are paired one by one to form a fish screening mechanism, and the fish screening mechanism is multi-stage and extends from top to bottom in a step shape; the fish screening pond and the fish containing box of each stage of fish screening mechanism are communicated through a connecting channel, an electric valve is arranged in the connecting channel, the input of the electric valve is connected with a controller, and the controller is used for controlling the opening degree of the electric valve so as to communicate or disconnect the electric valve and the fish containing box; and a water inlet pipe communicated with the uppermost stage of the fish screening pond is arranged on the uppermost stage of the fish screening pond and is used for injecting water into the corresponding fish screening pond, a rotary vane device is arranged at one end of each stage of the fish screening pond, which is back to the fish containing box, and the rotary vane device is used for driving fish fries to move towards the corresponding fish containing box. The invention can effectively improve the fry screening efficiency and the fry survival rate and has little damage to the fry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fishery breeding, in particular to a fry screening system and method.
Background
The fry is required to be screened before being cultured so as to separately culture the fries with different sizes, and on one hand, the fry is used for screening excellent fresh fries for culture so as to improve the culture quality and yield; on the other hand, the fish fries with different sizes are screened out, and different kinds and different quantities of bait are fed in separate breeding, so that the situations that big fishes predate small fishes and compete for food mutually are avoided, the stable growth of the fish fries is achieved, and the breeding yield is improved.
The traditional screening method is adopted, workers manually screen according to experience, the method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, fish fries are easy to damage, and the size of the fish fries is difficult to control. The screening process of current fry sieving mechanism is loaded down with trivial details, and when screening the fry, the fry scale easily produces and scrapes, scrapes the area too big, easily reduces the fry survival rate, need drag for the fry through the workman after the screening is accomplished, and the fry can extrude each other at the in-process that moves about to send the fish scale to scrape, reduce the fry survival rate. Therefore, the current fry screening device needs to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: how to provide a fry screening system and method which can effectively improve fry screening efficiency, improve fry survival rate, have little damage to the fry and do not need workers to drag the fry.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a fry screening system comprises a fish screening pool, wherein the fish screening pool is used for loading fries to be screened, one side of the fish screening pool is provided with a fish containing box, and the fish containing box is used for loading the screened fries; the fish screening pond and the fish containing boxes are paired one by one to form a fish screening mechanism, and the fish screening mechanism is multi-stage and extends from top to bottom in a step shape; the fish screening pond and the fish containing box of each stage of fish screening mechanism are communicated through a connecting channel, an electric valve is arranged in the connecting channel, the input of the electric valve is connected with a controller, and the controller is used for controlling the opening degree of the electric valve so as to communicate or disconnect the electric valve and the fish containing box; a water inlet pipe communicated with the uppermost stage of the fish screening pond is arranged on the uppermost stage of the fish screening pond and is used for injecting water into the corresponding fish screening pond, a rotary vane device is arranged at one end of each stage of the fish screening pond, which is back to the fish containing box, and the rotary vane device is used for driving fish fries to move towards the corresponding fish containing box; except the fish screening mechanism at the lowest level, a plurality of fish screening holes are formed in the side wall, facing the lower level, of the fish screening pool of the rest fish screening mechanisms, so that fish fries smaller than the fish screening holes can enter the lower level fish screening pool through the fish screening holes.
Further, the rotary vane device comprises a rotary shaft, the rotary shaft is movably mounted on the left side wall and the right side wall of each layer of the fish screening pool, a plurality of vanes are uniformly and circumferentially arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft at intervals, the shape and the size of each vane are matched with the shape and the size of the longitudinal section of the fish screening pool, one end of the rotary shaft is connected with a rotary vane motor, the input of the rotary vane motor is connected with the output of the controller, and the rotary vane motor is controlled to rotate by the controller.
Further, the surface of the blade is wrapped with a rubber sleeve to prevent fish from being scratched.
Furthermore, an opening is formed in the side wall of the fish screening pool where the fish screening holes are formed, a screen plate is installed in the opening, and the fish screening holes are formed in the screen plate.
Furthermore, the sieve plate is composed of a fish sieving outer plate and a fish sieving inner plate, the fish sieving outer plate is of a hollow square structure, the size of the hollow square structure is matched with that of the fish sieving inner plate, the height of the fish sieving inner plate is greater than that of the fish sieving outer plate, and the fish sieving inner plate is inserted into the fish sieving outer plate and can slide up and down; the fish screening holes are uniformly spaced and are correspondingly arranged on the inner surface and the outer surface of the fish screening outer plate and the surface of the fish screening inner plate, and the overlapping size of the fish screening holes in the fish screening inner plate and the fish screening holes in the fish screening outer plate is changed through the depth of the fish screening inner plate inserted into the fish screening outer plate, so that the size of the finally obtained fish screening holes is changed.
Furthermore, the fish screening holes are of prismatic structures and are uniformly distributed on the inner surface and the outer surface of the corresponding fish screening outer plate and the surface of the corresponding fish screening inner plate at intervals in a plurality of rows, and the distance between every two adjacent rows of the fish screening holes is larger than the maximum vertical size of the fish screening holes.
Furthermore, a detector is arranged at the top end of one side wall of each stage of fish containing box, the output of the detector is connected with the input of the controller, and the controller controls the corresponding electric valve to be opened or closed according to the information detected by the detector.
Furthermore, one side of each stage of fish containing box is provided with a water outlet pipe communicated with the fish containing box, the water outlet end of each water outlet pipe is connected with the same water pump, the outlet of the water pump is connected with the water inlet pipe, the input of the water pump is connected with the output of the controller, and the controller is used for controlling the opening or closing of the water pump.
Further, one side of the uppermost one-level fish screening pool is movably provided with a buffering pool, a hydraulic push rod is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the buffering pool, the hydraulic push rod is connected with the output of the controller in an input mode, the hydraulic push rod is controlled by the controller to provide lift force, and the buffering pool is slowly inclined towards the fish screening pool so as to enable the fry in the buffering pool to be poured towards the fish screening pool.
A fry screening method adopts the fry screening system to screen, wherein a fish screening mechanism is three-stage, and the method comprises the following steps:
sterilizing and disinfecting the fry screening system to prevent the fry from being invaded by virus;
setting sieve plate opening degree on a controller, wherein the opening degree A represents only water drainage, the opening degree B represents only large fry screening, and the opening degree C represents only medium fry screening;
the controller is provided with an electric valve opening, wherein the opening a represents only water drainage, and the opening b represents the fry drainage;
storing fishes needing to be screened in a buffer tank in advance and adding a proper amount of water; the arrangement of the buffer pool and the hydraulic push rod can enable the flow of fish to be screened to controllably enter the fish screening pool;
opening an electromagnetic valve on a water inlet pipe through a controller, and controlling the opening degree of a sieve plate of a top-level fish sieving mechanism to be adjusted to be A through the controller when the water amount in the top-level fish sieving pond is over half, so that the water entering the top-level fish sieving pond enters a second-level fish sieving pond through a corresponding sieve plate; when the water amount in the second-stage screening fishpond is over half, controlling the opening degree of the second-stage screening plate to be A through the controller, enabling the water in the second-stage screening fishpond to enter a third-stage screening fishpond through a corresponding-stage screening plate, and enabling the water amount in the third-stage screening fishpond to be over half, and so on until the water amount in all the screening fishponds is over half; then the opening of an electric valve on the lowest first-stage fish screening pond is controlled to be adjusted to a through a controller, so that the inlet water in the lowest first-stage fish screening pond enters the lowest first-stage fish containing box through the electric valve; when the water in the lowest first-stage fish containing box is nearly full, the controller controls the water pump to start, so that the water in the lowest first-stage fish containing box enters the water inlet pipe through the water pump, and the water circularly flows in all the fish screening ponds;
starting a hydraulic push rod at the bottom of the buffer pool through a controller, slowly pouring the fry in the buffer pool into the uppermost stage of fish screening pool, controlling the opening of the uppermost stage of sieve plate to be adjusted to B through the controller when the water in the uppermost stage of fish screening pool is nearly overflowed, screening the middle and small fries in the uppermost stage of fish screening pool, feeding the middle and small fries into the next stage of fish screening pool, controlling the opening of the next stage of sieve plate to be adjusted to C through the controller, screening the small fries in the next stage of fish screening pool, feeding the small fries into the lowermost stage of fish screening pool, and adjusting the openings of all sieve plates to be opening A after opening B and opening C for a certain time;
controlling the opening degree of the uppermost stage of electric valve to be adjusted to be a through a controller, and controlling the opening degree of the next stage of electric valve to be a through the controller, so that the uppermost stage of fish containing box and the next stage of fish containing box have enough water, when the water amount in the uppermost stage of fish containing box and the next stage of fish containing box is half, controlling the opening degree of each stage of electric valve to be adjusted to be b through the controller, allowing fish fries in each stage of fish screening pond to swim to the corresponding fish containing box, controlling the rotary vane motor on each stage of fish screening pond to start through the controller, and driving the rotary vane motor to drive the vane on the rotary shaft to slowly rotate so as to drive the fish fries in the stage of fish screening pond to be accelerated to enter the corresponding fish containing box;
when the detector in the uppermost fish containing box detects that the fry in the fish containing box is nearly full, the detector sends a detected signal to the controller, and the controller controls the opening of the electric valve to be adjusted to a, so that a small amount of water is supplied to the uppermost fish containing box, and the water mobility in the uppermost fish containing box is maintained;
when a detector in a next-stage fish containing box detects that the fry in the fish containing box is nearly full, the detector sends a detected signal to a controller, and the controller controls the opening of the electric valve of the stage to be adjusted to a, so that a small amount of water is supplied to the next-stage fish containing box, and the water mobility in the next-stage fish containing box is kept;
when the detector in the lowest level of the fish containing box detects that the fry in the fish containing box is nearly full, the detector sends a detected signal to the controller, and the controller controls the opening of the level of the electric valve to be adjusted to a, so that a small amount of water is supplied to the lowest level of the fish containing box, and the water mobility in the lowest level of the fish containing box is kept.
In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the fish screening pond and the fish containing boxes are paired one by one to form the fish screening mechanism, the fish screening mechanism is multi-stage and is in a step shape, and the fish is screened and classified once according to the stage number of the fish screening mechanism, so that the fish screening efficiency is effectively improved, the fish screening times are reduced, and the fish screening survival rate is further improved.
2. The fish containing box can be used for temporarily loading the screened fish fries, so that different types and different quantities of bait can be fed separately at later stage, and the culture yield is improved.
3. Produce thrust for corresponding layer sieve fish pond water-logging on the one hand through the rotary vane device, on the other hand accelerates to get into the flourishing fish box that corresponds in order to drive the fry in place level sieve fish pond to do not need the workman to drag for the fry, reduce the injury to the fry.
4. The sieve plate is used as a water storage valve and a water drainage valve of the corresponding-stage fish screening pool, and is also used as a part for screening the fish fries according to the size, the inserted depth of the inner plate of the sieve fish is adjusted, the overlapped size of the corresponding fish screening holes is changed, so that the fish fries smaller than the fish screening holes can swim to enter the next-stage fish screening pool, and the fish fry screening is realized.
5. The fish fry screening device can be used for screening fish fries and finished fish products, so that the fishes to be sold are classified into different grades, and the fishes are convenient to sell.
Drawings
For purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the inner plate of the fish screen of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the outer plate of the fish screen of the present invention.
In the figure: the fish screening device comprises a fish screening pool 11, an arc-shaped buffer surface 12, a water inlet pipe 13, an electromagnetic valve 14, a fish containing box 21, a detector 22, a water outlet pipe 23, a fish screening inner plate 31, a fish screening outer plate 32, a fish screening motor 33, fish screening holes 34, strip-shaped teeth 35, blades 41, a rotating shaft 42, a rotary vane motor 43, an electric valve 51, a controller 61, a water pump 71, a fish culture pool 81 and a hydraulic push rod 82.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a fry screening system in this embodiment includes a fish screening pond 11, the fish screening pond is used for loading fries to be screened, a fish holding box 21 is arranged on one side of the fish screening pond 11, and the fish holding box is used for loading the screened fries; the fish screening ponds 11 and the fish containing boxes 21 are paired one by one to form a fish screening mechanism, and the fish screening mechanism is multi-stage and extends from top to bottom in a step shape; the fish screening pond 11 and the fish containing box 21 of each stage of fish screening mechanism are communicated through a connecting channel, an electric valve 51 is arranged in the connecting channel, the input of the electric valve 51 is connected with a controller 61, and the controller is used for controlling the opening degree of the electric valve so as to communicate or disconnect the electric valve and the fish containing box; a water inlet pipe 13 communicated with the uppermost stage of the fish screening pool 11 is arranged on the uppermost stage of the fish screening pool 11 and is used for injecting water into the corresponding fish screening pool 11, and a rotary vane device is erected at one end of each stage of the fish screening pool 11, which is back to the fish containing box, and is used for driving fish fries to move towards the corresponding fish containing box; except the fish screening mechanism at the lowest level, the side wall of the fish screening pond 11 of the other fish screening mechanisms facing the next fish screening pond is provided with a plurality of fish screening holes 34, so that the fry smaller than the fish screening holes 34 can enter the next fish screening pond 11 through the fish screening holes.
In this scheme, sieve fish pond 11 and flourishing fish case 21 pair one by one and constitute sieve fish mechanism, sieve fish mechanism have the multistage and be the echelonment from the top down extend, except the sieve fish mechanism of the one-level at the bottom, the sieve fish pond 11 of all the other sieve fish mechanisms is equipped with a plurality of sieve fish holes 34 towards next stage sieve fish pond lateral wall on to the messenger is less than the fry that sieves fish hole 34 and can get into next stage sieve fish pond 11 through sieve fish hole, and avoid the fry after the screening to swim into in adjacent sieve fish pond and swim out, increase secondary screening work load. Thereby effectively improve fry screening efficiency, reduced fry screening number of times simultaneously, and then improved fry screening survival rate. The rotary vane device is erected at one end, back to the fish containing box, of each level of the screening fish pond 11, on one hand, thrust is generated for water in the corresponding level of the screening fish pond through the rotary vane device, on the other hand, the rotary vane device drives fish fries to move in the direction of the corresponding fish containing box, and the electric valve 51 is adopted and the opening of the electric valve is controlled through the controller 61, so that the fish fries can move into the corresponding level of the fish containing box, and the operation workload of workers is reduced. Therefore, the screened fry does not need to be caught by workers, and the damage to the fry catching is reduced.
In this embodiment, the rotary vane device includes a rotary shaft 42, the rotary shaft 42 is movably mounted on the left and right side walls of each layer of the fish sieving pond 11, a plurality of blades 41 are circumferentially arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 42 at uniform intervals, the shape and size of the blades 41 are matched with the shape and size of the longitudinal section of the fish sieving pond 11, one end of the rotary shaft 42 is connected with a rotary vane motor 43, the input of the rotary vane motor 43 is connected with the output of the controller 61, and the rotary vane motor is controlled to rotate by the controller 61.
Like this, the even circumference of rotation axis 42 outer peripheral face interval is provided with polylith blade 41, and the blade 41 shape size cooperatees with sieve fish pond 11 longitudinal section shape size, for more comprehensive driving sieve fish pond 11 bottom of the pool fry, moves about to corresponding flourishing fish box. The rotary vane motor 43 is controlled by the controller 61 to drive the rotating shaft 42 to rotate, so that firstly, the rotating speed of the rotary vane motor 43 is conveniently controlled, and the fry is prevented from being damaged due to the over-high rotating speed; and the second is to reduce the workload of workers. The blades 41 generate thrust to water in the corresponding layer-screening fish pond 11 along with the rotation of the rotating shaft 42, and when the screened fish fries in the corresponding layer-screening fish pond 11 are driven to the corresponding fish containing box, the flow of the water in the screening fish pond 11 discharged from the connecting channel is increased, so that the fish fries can swim into the fish containing box 21 from the connecting channel, and the fish fries are prevented from being fished by workers.
In this embodiment, the connection between the rotating shaft 42 and the rotary vane motor 43 may be implemented by two bevel gears with different diameters.
Like this, adopt two diameters bevel gear inequality in the connection of rotation axis and spiral leaf motor, further slow down the revolution of rotation axis, rotate softly, avoid the rotational speed to cause the injury to the fry at the excessive speed.
In this embodiment, the surface of the blade 41 is covered with a rubber sleeve to prevent fish from being scratched.
Therefore, the surface of the blade 41 is wrapped by the rubber sleeve, and the fish fry is prevented from being scratched when the blade rotates along with the rotating shaft 42.
In this embodiment, the blade 41 is made of anticorrosive plastic.
Thus, the corrosion of the blades 41 is prevented, and the damage to the fry is reduced.
In this embodiment, an opening is provided on the side wall of the fish pond where the fish sieving holes 34 are located, a sieve plate is installed in the opening, and the fish sieving holes are provided on the sieve plate.
Like this, except that the fish pond of lower level sieve, be equipped with the opening on the lateral wall of other sieve fish ponds, install the sieve in the opening, on sieve fish hole located the sieve, change sieve fish hole size on the sieve through changing the sieve for fry that are less than sieve fish hole gets into next level sieve fish pond 11 through sieving fish hole.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, the sieve plate is composed of an outer sieve plate 32 and an inner sieve plate 31, the outer sieve plate 32 is a hollow square structure, the size of the hollow square structure matches with the size of the inner sieve plate 31, the height of the inner sieve plate 31 is greater than the height of the outer sieve plate 32, and the inner sieve plate is inserted into the outer sieve plate and can slide up and down; the fish screening holes 34 are uniformly spaced and are correspondingly arranged on the inner surface and the outer surface of the fish screening outer plate 32 and the surface of the fish screening inner plate 31, the depth of the fish screening inner plate 31 inserted into the fish screening outer plate 32 is changed, and the overlapping size of the fish screening holes 34 on the fish screening inner plate 31 and the fish screening holes 34 on the fish screening outer plate 32 is changed, so that fish fries smaller than the fish screening holes 34 can enter the next-stage fish screening pond 11 through the fish screening holes.
Like this, the sieve is as the retaining of corresponding grade sieve fish pond 11 on the one hand, drainage valve, and on the other hand is as the part that the fry was screened. The overlapping size of the fish screening holes 34 on the inner fish screening plate and the fish screening holes on the outer fish screening plate is changed by the depth of the inner fish screening plate 31 inserted into the outer fish screening plate 32, so that the fry smaller than the fish screening holes 34 can enter the next-stage fish screening pond 11 through the fish screening holes. Meanwhile, the water flow in the corresponding-level fish screening pond 11 is changed, and when the fish screening holes in the fish screening outer plate 32 and the fish screening inner plate 31 are completely staggered, the fish screening holes are completely closed.
As the further optimization of sieve, still include sieve fish motor 33, sieve fish motor fixed mounting is in corresponding level sieve fish pond opening lateral wall top surface, the vertical bar groove of having seted up in sieve fish inner panel 31 surface one end, the bar inslot is fixed and is equipped with bar tooth 35, install in the pivot of sieve fish motor 33 with bar tooth line matched with gear, the output of input connection controller 61 of sieve fish motor 33, through controller 61 control sieve fish motor 33 rotation, so that sieve fish inner panel 31 slowly moves up, in order to change sieve fish mouth on the sieve fish outer panel and the sieve fish inner panel and sieve fish mouth and overlap the size mutually, so that the fry that are less than sieve fish hole 34 can get into next level sieve fish pond 11 through sieve fish hole.
Therefore, the fish sieving motor drives the fish sieving inner plate to move upwards slowly so as to conveniently and accurately control the overlapping size of the fish sieving holes in the fish sieving inner plate and the fish sieving holes in the fish sieving outer plate and reduce misjudgment caused by operation of workers.
In the present embodiment, the fish sieving holes 34 are in a prismatic structure, and are uniformly distributed in multiple rows at intervals on the inner and outer surfaces of the corresponding fish sieving outer plate 32 and the surface of the fish sieving inner plate 31, and the distance between two adjacent rows of the fish sieving holes is greater than the maximum vertical dimension of the fish sieving holes 34.
Thus, the fish sieving holes 34 adopt prismatic structures to be attached to the shape of the fry, so that the fry can conveniently swim through the fish sieving holes 34. When the fish screening holes in the inner fish screening plate 31 and the fish screening holes in the outer fish screening plate 32 are completely staggered, the fish screening holes are completely closed, and water storage operation of the corresponding-level fish screening pool 11 is facilitated; when the fish screening holes on the inner fish screening plate 31 are overlapped or completely overlapped with the fish screening holes on the outer fish screening plate, the fry smaller than the fish screening holes 34 can enter the fish screening pond 11 of the next stage through the fish screening holes; meanwhile, the flow of water discharged from the corresponding-stage fish screening pond 11 is increased, so that the fry can conveniently enter the next-stage fish screening pond 11.
In this embodiment, each sifter hole 34 is provided with rounded corners on both sides.
Thus, each fish screening hole 34 is rounded, and therefore, when fish fries enter the next-level fish screening pool through the fish screening holes, the fish fries are prevented from being scratched or scales of the fish are prevented from being scraped due to edges and corners on the fish screening holes.
In this embodiment, a detector 22 is disposed at a top end of a side wall of each stage of fish containing box 21, an output of the detector 22 is connected to an input of the controller 61, and the controller 61 controls the electric valve 51 of the corresponding layer to open or close according to information detected by the detector.
Like this, set up detector 22 at flourishing fish box 21 lateral wall top, send real-time detection's data for the controller through detector 22, when the detector detects that flourishing fish box is nearly full with the fry, the electric valve 51 on the controller control correspondence level slowly closes, avoids the fry to jump out.
In the embodiment, one side of each stage of fish containing box 21 is provided with a water outlet pipe 23 communicated with the fish containing box, the water outlet end of each water outlet pipe is connected with a water pump 71, the outlet of the water pump is connected with the water inlet pipe 13, the input of the water pump 71 is connected with the output of the controller, and the controller controls the opening or closing of the water pump.
Therefore, each level of fish containing box is respectively provided with a water outlet pipe, the water outlet end of each water outlet pipe is connected with the same water pump, and the water pumps are controlled to be opened or closed through a controller, so that the water resource is recycled, and the water in each layer of fish containing box flows circularly.
In this embodiment, a filter screen is sleeved on the water inlet port of each water outlet pipe 23, and the filter screen is of a hemispherical shell structure.
Like this, establish the filter screen at outlet pipe inlet end mouth of pipe cover, avoid the fry after the screening to get into flourishing fish box after, along with the outlet pipe gets into the water pump, cause the injury to the fry.
In the embodiment, a net cage is sleeved in the fish accommodating box 21, and handles are arranged at the top parts of the left side and the right side of the net cage.
Like this, be convenient for shift the fry that hold in the fish box, avoid the workman to drag for the fish to reduce workman's work load.
In this embodiment, a buffer pool 81 is movably arranged on one side of the uppermost stage of the fish screening pool 11, a hydraulic push rod 82 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the buffer pool 81, an input of the hydraulic push rod 82 is connected with an output of the controller 61, and the controller 61 controls the hydraulic push rod to provide a lifting force, so that the buffer pool 81 slowly dumps to the fish screening pool.
Therefore, before the fry is screened, the fry to be screened can controllably enter the screening fish pond 11; when the fry is screened, the controller 61 controls the hydraulic push rod 82 to be started, so that the fry in the buffer pool 81 is slowly poured to the uppermost stage of the screening fish pool, and the workload of workers is reduced.
In the embodiment, an arc buffer surface 12 is arranged at the corner formed by the bottom surface of each stage of fish screening pool 11 and the surface back to the next stage of fish screening pool.
Therefore, through the arc-shaped buffer surface 12, the fry in the buffer pool 81 is prevented from being poured into the uppermost stage of the fish screening pool, or the fry enters the next stage of the fish screening pool 11 from the fish screening holes 34, and the fry is prevented from being damaged due to the large drop of the upper and lower stage fish screening pools.
A fry screening method adopts the fry screening system to screen, wherein a fish screening mechanism is three-stage, and the method comprises the following steps:
and (4) sterilizing and disinfecting the fry screening system to prevent the fry from being invaded by virus.
The controller is provided with sieve plate opening degrees, wherein the opening degree A represents that only water is drained, the opening degree B represents that only big fry is screened, and the opening degree C represents that only fish fry is screened.
The controller is provided with an electric valve opening, wherein the opening a represents only water drainage, and the opening b represents fry drainage.
The fish to be screened is stored in the buffer pool 81 in advance and is filled with a proper amount of water, the flow of the fish to be screened can controllably enter the fish screening pool 11 through the arrangement of the buffer pool and the hydraulic push rod 82, the electromagnetic valve 14 on the water inlet pipe 13 is opened through the controller, the water is injected into the uppermost stage of fish screening pool 11 through the water inlet pipe 13, so that the problem that the water amount in the uppermost stage of fish screening pool 11 is insufficient, and the fish fry collides with the pool wall of the uppermost stage of fish screening pool 11 to cause injury to the fish fry is avoided. When the water amount in the uppermost stage of the fish screening pool is over half, the opening degree of the uppermost stage of the sieve plate is controlled to be adjusted to be A through the controller 61, so that the water entering the uppermost stage of the fish screening pool 11 enters the next stage of the fish screening pool through the corresponding stage of the sieve plate; when the water amount in the next-stage fish screening pool is over half, the opening degree of the secondary sieve plate is controlled to be adjusted to be A through the controller, so that the water entering the next-stage fish screening pool enters the lowest-stage fish screening pool through the corresponding-stage sieve plate; when the water amount in the lowest first-stage fish screening pool is over half, the opening degree of an electric valve 51 on the lowest first-stage fish screening pool is controlled to be adjusted to a through a controller, so that the water entering the lowest first-stage fish screening pool enters a lowest first-stage fish containing box 21 through the electric valve 51; when the water in the lowest level of fish containing box is nearly full, the controller controls the water pump 71 to start, so that the water in the lowest level of fish containing box enters the water inlet pipe 13 through the water pump 71; and then the water enters the uppermost stage of the fish screening pool, so that when the water in the uppermost stage of the fish screening pool flows into the lowermost stage of the fish screening pool, the water cannot overflow from the lowermost stage of the fish screening pool or the lowermost stage of the fish containing box, water circulation is formed, and water resource waste is avoided.
The fry is screened, the hydraulic push rod 82 at the bottom of the buffer pool 81 is started through the controller 61, the hydraulic push rod provides lifting force for the buffer pool, the buffer pool takes one side wall of the uppermost stage of the fish screening pool 11 as an axis, the buffer pool is enabled to rise upwards slowly, and the fry in the buffer pool is poured into the uppermost stage of the fish screening pool slowly. When the water in the uppermost stage of the fish screening pool is nearly overflowed, the controller controls the opening degree of the uppermost stage of the sieve plate to be adjusted to be B, medium and small fish fries are screened in the uppermost stage of the fish screening pool and enter a next stage of the fish screening pool, the controller controls the opening degree of the next stage of the sieve plate to be adjusted to be C, the small fish fries are screened in the next stage of the fish screening pool and enter the lowest stage of the fish screening pool, after the opening degree B and the opening degree C are opened for a certain time (for example, 10-15 minutes), the opening degree of the sieve plate on the uppermost stage of the fish screening pool is adjusted to be opening degree A, the opening degree of the sieve plate on the next stage of the fish screening pool is adjusted to be opening degree A, so that only water is supplied to and drained from the uppermost stage of the fish screening pool and the next stage of the fish screening pool, and the water quantity in each stage of the fish screening pool is kept sufficient.
The opening degree of the uppermost level electric valve 51 is controlled to be adjusted to be a through the controller 61, the opening degree of the next level electric valve is controlled to be adjusted to be a, so that the uppermost level fish containing box and the next level fish containing box have enough water, the opening degree of the corresponding level electric valve 51 is prevented from being directly adjusted to be b, and the fish fry is damaged due to the fact that the water pressure is too large to enable the fish fry to collide with the inner wall of the corresponding level fish containing box 21. When the water amount in the uppermost stage of fish holding box and the next stage of fish holding box is half, the opening of the electric valve of each stage is controlled to be b by the controller, so that the fry in the fish pond of each stage can swim to the corresponding fish holding box, the rotary vane motor 43 on the fish pond 11 of each stage is controlled to be started by the controller, the rotary vane motor drives the vanes 41 on the rotating shaft 42 to slowly rotate, on one hand, thrust is generated for the water in the fish shore of the corresponding stage, and on the other hand, the fry in the fish pond of the corresponding stage can be driven to enter the corresponding fish holding box in an accelerating manner.
When the detector 22 in the uppermost fish containing box 21 detects that the fry in the fish containing box is nearly full, the detector 22 sends a detected signal to the controller 61, the controller controls the opening of the electrically operated valve 51 to be adjusted to a, a small amount of water is only supplied to the uppermost fish containing box, the water mobility in the uppermost fish containing box is kept, dead water is avoided, the oxygen content in the water is reduced, and the fry is damaged. And through observation, if the fry exists in the uppermost stage of fish screening pool, transferring the fry in the net cage to other culture pools for culture, then replacing the net cage in the fish containing box, controlling the opening degree of the uppermost stage of electric valve to be b through the controller, and repeating the operation until no fry exists in the uppermost stage of fish screening pool. And finally, controlling a rotary vane motor on the uppermost stage of the fish screening pond to stop rotating through a controller, and adjusting the opening of the electric valve to be a.
When the detector 22 in the next fish containing box detects that the fry in the fish containing box is close to being full, the detector 22 sends the detected signal to the controller, and the controller 61 controls the opening of the electric valve to be adjusted to a, so that a small amount of water is supplied to the next fish containing box, the water mobility in the next fish containing box is kept, the generation of dead water is avoided, the oxygen content in the water is reduced, and the injury to the fry is caused. And (3) if the fry exists in the next level of fish screening pond, transferring the fry in the net cage to other culture ponds for culture, replacing the net cage in the fish containing box 21, controlling the opening of the electric valve of the level to be b through the controller, and repeating the operation until no fry exists in the next level of fish screening pond. And finally, controlling a rotary vane motor on the stage of the fish screening pond to stop rotating through a controller, and adjusting the opening of the electric valve to be a.
When the detector 22 in the lowest one-level fish containing box 21 detects that the fry in the fish containing box is close to being full, the detector 22 sends the detected signal to the controller 61, and the controller controls the opening of the electrically operated valve to be adjusted to a, so that a small amount of water is supplied to the lowest one-level fish containing box, the water mobility in the lowest one-level fish containing box is kept, the generation of dead water is avoided, the oxygen content in water is reduced, and the injury to the fry is caused. And (3) transferring the fry in the net cage to other culture ponds for culture by observing if the fry exists in the lowest first-stage fish screening pond, then replacing the net cage in the fish containing box 21, controlling the opening of the electric valve of the level to be b by the controller, and repeating the operation until no fry exists in the lowest first-stage fish screening pond. And finally, controlling a rotary vane motor on the stage of the fish screening pond to stop rotating through a controller, and adjusting the opening of the electric valve to be a.
Therefore, required fry screening work can be completed at one time.
It should be further noted that the above sequence of steps can be adjusted accordingly, for example: when water is injected into each stage of the fish screening ponds 11, the opening degree of the uppermost stage of the sieve plate can be adjusted to be A (only water is drained) when the water amount in the uppermost stage of the fish screening pond is over half, and then the fry in the buffer pond 81 is poured into the uppermost stage of the fish screening pond. When the water amount in the next-stage fish screening pool is over half, the opening degree of the next-stage sieve plate is adjusted to be A, and the opening degree of the uppermost-stage sieve plate is adjusted to be B, so that the medium and small fish fries can swim to the next-stage fish screening pool. When the water amount in the next-stage fish screening pool is over half, the opening degree of the next-stage sieve plate is adjusted to be C, so that the fry can swim to the lowest-stage fish screening pool, and the opening degree of the lowest-stage electric valve 51 is adjusted to be a. So far, the fry is screened in the corresponding fish screening pond according to the size from the fish pond.
As shown in figure 1, in the fry screening system, the fish screening mechanism only shows a three-level structure, and the levels of the fish screening mechanism can be correspondingly increased or decreased according to the actual screening requirement. Meanwhile, the steps of the fry screening method are correspondingly adjusted.
Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are merely intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit the same, and although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein. All obvious changes which are introduced by the technical solution of the invention are still within the protective scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a fry screening system which characterized in that: the device comprises a fish screening pool, wherein the fish screening pool is used for loading fish fries to be screened, one side of the fish screening pool is provided with a fish containing box, and the fish containing box is used for loading the screened fish fries; the fish screening pond and the fish containing boxes are paired one by one to form a fish screening mechanism, and the fish screening mechanism is multi-stage and extends from top to bottom in a step shape; the fish screening pond and the fish containing box of each stage of fish screening mechanism are communicated through a connecting channel, an electric valve is arranged in the connecting channel, the input of the electric valve is connected with a controller, and the controller is used for controlling the opening degree of the electric valve so as to communicate or disconnect the electric valve and the fish containing box; a water inlet pipe communicated with the uppermost stage of the fish screening pond is arranged on the uppermost stage of the fish screening pond and is used for injecting water into the corresponding fish screening pond, a rotary vane device is arranged at one end of each stage of the fish screening pond, which is back to the fish containing box, and the rotary vane device is used for driving fish fries to move towards the corresponding fish containing box; except the fish screening mechanism at the lowest level, a plurality of fish screening holes are formed in the side wall, facing the lower level, of the fish screening pool of the rest fish screening mechanisms, so that fish fries smaller than the fish screening holes can enter the lower level fish screening pool through the fish screening holes.
2. The fry screening system of claim 1, wherein: the rotary vane device comprises a rotary shaft, the rotary shaft is movably mounted on the left side wall and the right side wall of each layer of the fish screening pool, a plurality of vanes are circumferentially arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft at intervals, the shape and the size of each vane are matched with the shape and the size of the longitudinal section of the fish screening pool, one end of the rotary shaft is connected with a rotary vane motor, the input of the rotary vane motor is connected with the output of a controller, and the rotary vane motor is controlled to rotate by the controller.
3. The fry screening system of claim 2, wherein: the surface of the blade is wrapped with a rubber sleeve to prevent fish from being scratched.
4. The fry screening system of claim 1, wherein: the side wall of the fish screening pool where the fish screening holes are located is provided with an opening, a screen plate is installed in the opening, and the fish screening holes are formed in the screen plate.
5. The fry screening system of claim 4, wherein: the sieve plate is composed of a fish sieving outer plate and a fish sieving inner plate, the fish sieving outer plate is of a hollow square structure, the size of the hollow square structure is matched with the size of the fish sieving inner plate, the height of the fish sieving inner plate is greater than that of the fish sieving outer plate, and the fish sieving inner plate is inserted into the fish sieving outer plate and can slide up and down; the fish screening holes are uniformly spaced and are correspondingly arranged on the inner surface and the outer surface of the fish screening outer plate and the surface of the fish screening inner plate, and the overlapping size of the fish screening holes in the fish screening inner plate and the fish screening holes in the fish screening outer plate is changed through the depth of the fish screening inner plate inserted into the fish screening outer plate, so that the size of the finally obtained fish screening holes is changed.
6. The fry screening system of claim 5, wherein: the fish screening holes are of prismatic structures and are distributed on the inner surface and the outer surface of the corresponding fish screening outer plate and the surface of the corresponding fish screening inner plate at intervals from top to bottom in a plurality of rows, and the distance between every two adjacent rows of the fish screening holes is larger than the maximum vertical size of the fish screening holes.
7. The fry screening system of claim 1, wherein: the top end of one side wall of each stage of fish containing box is provided with a detector, the output of the detector is connected with the input of the controller, and the controller controls the corresponding electric valve to be opened or closed according to the information detected by the detector.
8. The fry screening system of claim 7, wherein: one side of each stage of fish containing box is provided with a water outlet pipe communicated with the fish containing box, the water outlet end of each water outlet pipe is connected with the same water pump, the outlet of the water pump is connected with the water inlet pipe, the input of the water pump is connected with the output of the controller, and the controller controls the opening or closing of the water pump.
9. The fry screening system of claim 1, wherein: one side of the uppermost first-level fish screening pool is movably provided with a buffering pool, a hydraulic push rod is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the buffering pool, the input of the hydraulic push rod is connected with the output of the controller, and the hydraulic push rod is controlled by the controller to provide lift force, so that the buffering pool is slowly inclined towards the fish screening pool to dump the fry in the buffering pool towards the fish screening pool.
10. A fry screening method is characterized in that: the fry screening system of claim 1 wherein the fish screening mechanism is three stage; the method comprises the following steps:
sterilizing and disinfecting the fry screening system to prevent the fry from being invaded by virus;
setting sieve plate opening degree on a controller, wherein the opening degree A represents only water drainage, the opening degree B represents only large fry screening, and the opening degree C represents only medium fry screening;
the controller is provided with an electric valve opening, wherein the opening a represents only water drainage, and the opening b represents the fry drainage;
storing fishes needing to be screened in a buffer tank in advance and adding a proper amount of water; the arrangement of the buffer pool and the hydraulic push rod can enable the flow of fish to be screened to controllably enter the fish screening pool;
opening an electromagnetic valve on a water inlet pipe through a controller, and controlling the opening degree of a sieve plate of a top-level fish sieving mechanism to be adjusted to be A through the controller when the water amount in the top-level fish sieving pond is over half, so that the water entering the top-level fish sieving pond enters a second-level fish sieving pond through a corresponding sieve plate; when the water amount in the second-stage screening fishpond is over half, controlling the opening degree of the second-stage screening plate to be A through the controller, enabling the water in the second-stage screening fishpond to enter a third-stage screening fishpond through a corresponding-stage screening plate, and enabling the water amount in the third-stage screening fishpond to be over half, and so on until the water amount in all the screening fishponds is over half; then the opening of an electric valve on the lowest first-stage fish screening pond is controlled to be adjusted to a through a controller, so that the inlet water in the lowest first-stage fish screening pond enters the lowest first-stage fish containing box through the electric valve; when the water in the lowest first-stage fish containing box is nearly full, the controller controls the water pump to start, so that the water in the lowest first-stage fish containing box enters the water inlet pipe through the water pump, and the water circularly flows in all the fish screening ponds;
starting a hydraulic push rod at the bottom of the buffer pool through a controller, slowly pouring the fry in the buffer pool into the uppermost stage of fish screening pool, controlling the opening of the uppermost stage of sieve plate to be adjusted to B through the controller when the water in the uppermost stage of fish screening pool is nearly overflowed, screening the middle and small fries in the uppermost stage of fish screening pool, feeding the middle and small fries into the next stage of fish screening pool, controlling the opening of the next stage of sieve plate to be adjusted to C through the controller, screening the small fries in the next stage of fish screening pool, feeding the small fries into the lowermost stage of fish screening pool, and adjusting the openings of all sieve plates to be opening A after opening B and opening C for a certain time;
controlling the opening degree of the uppermost stage of electric valve to be adjusted to be a through a controller, and controlling the opening degree of the next stage of electric valve to be a through the controller, so that the uppermost stage of fish containing box and the next stage of fish containing box have enough water, when the water amount in the uppermost stage of fish containing box and the next stage of fish containing box is half, controlling the opening degree of each stage of electric valve to be adjusted to be b through the controller, allowing fish fries in each stage of fish screening pond to swim to the corresponding fish containing box, controlling the rotary vane motor on each stage of fish screening pond to start through the controller, and driving the rotary vane motor to drive the vane on the rotary shaft to slowly rotate so as to drive the fish fries in the stage of fish screening pond to be accelerated to enter the corresponding fish containing box;
when the detector in the uppermost fish containing box detects that the fry in the fish containing box is nearly full, the detector sends a detected signal to the controller, and the controller controls the opening of the electric valve to be adjusted to a, so that a small amount of water is supplied to the uppermost fish containing box, and the water mobility in the uppermost fish containing box is maintained;
when a detector in a next-stage fish containing box detects that the fry in the fish containing box is nearly full, the detector sends a detected signal to a controller, and the controller controls the opening of the electric valve of the stage to be adjusted to a, so that a small amount of water is supplied to the next-stage fish containing box, and the water mobility in the next-stage fish containing box is kept;
when the detector in the lowest level of the fish containing box detects that the fry in the fish containing box is nearly full, the detector sends a detected signal to the controller, and the controller controls the opening of the level of the electric valve to be adjusted to a, so that a small amount of water is supplied to the lowest level of the fish containing box, and the water mobility in the lowest level of the fish containing box is kept.
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