CN113526675A - Method for adjusting water quality of mariculture pond by using floating ecological enteromorpha - Google Patents
Method for adjusting water quality of mariculture pond by using floating ecological enteromorpha Download PDFInfo
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- CN113526675A CN113526675A CN202110901460.1A CN202110901460A CN113526675A CN 113526675 A CN113526675 A CN 113526675A CN 202110901460 A CN202110901460 A CN 202110901460A CN 113526675 A CN113526675 A CN 113526675A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of pond mariculture, and discloses a method for adjusting the water quality of a mariculture pond by using floating ecological enteromorpha, which comprises seven steps: (1) manufacturing a plastic shed; (2) a plastic shed is arranged for the water inflow of the pond; (3) culturing floating ecological enteromorpha in a plastic shed; (4) regulating and controlling the growth water temperature of the floating ecological enteromorpha; (5) culturing floating ecological enteromorpha in a seawater pond; (6) regulating and controlling the water quality of the mariculture pond; (7) and (5) managing the floating ecological enteromorpha. According to the invention, the floating ecological enteromorpha is cultured by the plastic shed through solar energy temperature raising, and then the grown floating ecological enteromorpha is put into the triangular-prism-shaped floating fences in the pool water by stages for enlarged culture, so that the nutrient salt in the pool water is absorbed and utilized by the floating ecological enteromorpha in large quantity, the large-quantity growth of phytoplankton in the pool is inhibited, and meanwhile, the nutrient salt is taken out along with the fishing of the large quantity of floating ecological enteromorpha from the pool, the eutrophication of the pool water is eliminated, and the method has remarkable environmental and economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pond mariculture, in particular to a method for adjusting the water quality of a mariculture pond by using floating ecological enteromorpha.
Background
The content of nutritive salt in the seawater of the pond increases along with the prolonging of the culture production time, and the phenomena of mass growth of phytoplankton in the pond, reduction of the transparency of the pond water, incapability of growing of algae at the bottom of the pond, increase of the pH value of the pond water and the like appear in the middle and later stages of culture, so that the ecological environment of the pond is influenced, and the bottom of the pond is deposited after the death of a large amount of phytoplankton, thereby seriously polluting the water quality of the pond; if the eutrophic pond water is directly discharged into the sea, the ecological environment of the surrounding sea area is polluted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a method for adjusting the water quality of a mariculture pond by using floating ecological enteromorpha, which adopts the technical scheme that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) manufacturing a plastic shed: the plastic shed comprises a shed body frame and plastic cloth fixed on the shed body frame; four corners of the plastic shed are bound with foam floaters or floating barrels; binding a large-mesh shed bottom net piece below the plastic shed to prevent the floating ecological enteromorpha from sinking to the bottom of the pool; the shed roof is provided with two skylights for fishing out the floating ecological enteromorpha and ventilating and controlling temperature;
(2) arranging a plastic shed for pond water inflow: after the seawater culture pond is filled with water, a plastic shed tied with a foam floater or a floating bucket is placed in the pond, and the plastic shed floats on the water; a blocking rope is arranged on the water, two ends of the blocking rope are fixed by wood piles, and the blocking rope is suspended on the water blocking plastic shed to prevent the blocking rope from going up a dam to be stranded; the cable connected with the plastic shed is tied on the wooden piles of the dam, so that the plastic shed is prevented from drifting far with the wind; the seedlings are put on time according to the characteristics of the cultured aquatic animal seedlings, and the plastic shed always drifts in the pond during the production period of the seawater pond culture;
(3) culturing the floating ecological enteromorpha in a plastic shed: putting the floating ecological enteromorpha into a plastic shed for culturing; the floating ecological enteromorpha is clean and does not stick to soil; due to sufficient light of the plastic shed, the temperature and the water temperature in the shed are increased, the upper-layer water transfers heat to the lower-layer water, the molecular motion is intensified, the supply of nutrient salt in the water is sufficient, and the floating ecological enteromorpha grows rapidly;
(4) regulating and controlling the growth water temperature of the floating ecological enteromorpha: when the temperature of the upper water layer of the seawater pond is below 20 ℃, the sunlight irradiates a plastic shed on the water surface of the pond, so that the air temperature in the shed is increased, the temperature of the upper water layer in the shed is increased, the temperature of the culture environment of the floating ecological enteromorpha is increased, and the floating ecological enteromorpha grows quickly; when the temperature of water in the shed reaches over 26 ℃, opening the skylight and ventilating the plastic shed to control the temperature; detecting the water temperature in the shed and the growth condition of the floating ecological enteromorpha every day in high-temperature weather;
(5) culturing floating ecological enteromorpha in a seawater pond: when the floating ecological enteromorpha grows to a position where the inhabiting water surface exceeds half of the water surface in the plastic shed, fishing out half of the floating ecological enteromorpha from the shed, and putting the half of the floating ecological enteromorpha into the triangular floating columns in the pond water for culture; the foam floaters are bound on three edges of the triangular floating fence, the large-mesh fence bottom net piece is bound below the triangular floating fence, and the large-mesh net piece is bound at the fence bottom, so that the floating ecological enteromorpha is prevented from being diffused; when the triangular floating fences are placed in a pond, a plurality of triangular floating fences are connected into a group by ropes, the floating ecological enteromorpha fished out of the shed is placed in the triangular floating fences, then the triangular floating fences are pulled open, two ends of the ropes connecting each group of triangular floating fences are fixed on tied wood piles which are respectively arranged on opposite dams; placing a plurality of groups of triangular-prism-shaped floating fences in the seawater pond to culture enteromorpha, wherein each group of triangular-prism-shaped floating fences are arranged in parallel; the floating ecological enteromorpha prolifera drifts in the seawater pond along with the triangular floating fences, so that the range of absorbing and utilizing nutrient salts is enlarged; when the floating ecological enteromorpha grows to the inhabitation area which exceeds two thirds of the area of the triangular floating fence, half of the floating ecological enteromorpha is fished out of the triangular floating fence and is transported and processed into organic fertilizer;
(6) regulating and controlling the water quality of the mariculture pond: the nutritive salt containing ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus in the pond water is consumed through the growth of the phytoplankton and the floating ecological enteromorpha in the pond, so that the water quality index of the pond reaches the culture requirement; detecting the water quality index of the pond regularly, and adjusting the inhibition degree of the large-scale growth of phytoplankton in the pond by increasing or reducing the culture area and the number of the floating ecological enteromorpha; by taking out the growth amount of the floating ecological enteromorpha at irregular intervals, the stability of the water quality of the seawater pond is kept, and the ecological balance of the pond is realized; the plastic shed and the triangular-prism-shaped floating fences float and move in the seawater pond, and the pond is fully and continuously supplied with the floating ecological enteromorpha, so that the healthy growth of the floating ecological enteromorpha is ensured;
(7) managing the floating ecological enteromorpha: when the water quality index of the seawater pond is stable, determining the total pond culture amount of the floating ecological enteromorpha, reserving the fresh floating ecological enteromorpha, and fishing away the redundant floating ecological enteromorpha to process the surplus floating ecological enteromorpha into an organic fertilizer; if the floating ecological enteromorpha changes color and turns yellow, immediately fishing the floating ecological enteromorpha; meanwhile, the pond is patrolled every day, when the pond is found to have the floating ecological enteromorpha beside the water, the pond is timely fished out, the daily cleaning of the floating ecological enteromorpha is enhanced, the floating ecological enteromorpha is not reserved in other places, the growth area of the floating ecological enteromorpha is controlled, the floating ecological enteromorpha is not cultured in the overwintering mode, and the floating ecological enteromorpha is prevented from being diffused and polluting the environment; after the seawater pond culture production is finished, completely fishing out the floating ecological enteromorpha; when aquatic animals cultured in a pond are caught in drainage, a blocking net is arranged at a drainage gate to prevent floating ecological enteromorpha from running out of the pond, all floating ecological enteromorpha in the seawater pond are fished out, the floating ecological enteromorpha is timely transported and processed into organic fertilizer, the floating ecological enteromorpha can be fished out in the same day, the floating ecological enteromorpha is not stored and omitted, and the floating ecological enteromorpha is thoroughly cleaned.
The above technical solution can be further optimized as follows:
the plastic shed in the step (1) is set to be 6 meters long, 4 meters wide and 1 meter high.
And (3) adjusting the buoyancy of the plastic shed in the step (2) when the plastic shed is used in the pond, wherein the upper part of the plastic shed floats on the water surface, and the lower part of the plastic shed is soaked in water.
And (3) the height of the part of the plastic shed exposed out of the water surface in the step (2) is 0.6 meter, and the height of the part of the plastic shed immersed in the water is 0.4 meter.
And (2) adopting iron pipes, steel or PVC pipes as the frame material of the plastic shed body in the step (1).
And (4) controlling the highest water temperature in the shed in the step (4) to be 28-29 ℃.
And (5) adopting bamboo poles, wood poles or steel materials as the triangular floating fences.
And (5) setting the height of the triangular floating fence to be 0.6 m.
And (5) adjusting the buoyancy of the triangular floating fence when the triangular floating fence is used in a pond, wherein the upper part of the triangular floating fence floats on the water surface, and the lower part of the triangular floating fence is soaked in water.
And (5) the height of the exposed part of the triangular floating fence on the water surface is 0.2 meter, and the height of the immersed part of the triangular floating fence in the water is 0.4 meter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention mainly has the following remarkable advantages:
1. the floating ecological enteromorpha is utilized to change the culture water environment of the seawater pond, the nutritive salt is taken out from the pond water, the massive growth of phytoplankton in the pond is inhibited, the eutrophication of the pond water is eliminated, and the method has obvious environmental benefit and economic benefit.
2. According to the habit that the fastest growing water temperature of the floating ecological enteromorpha is more than 20 ℃, the floating ecological enteromorpha is cultured by utilizing the plastic shed, the temperature in the shed is increased by solar energy, and the floating ecological enteromorpha grows rapidly.
3. The plastic shed is used for drifting in the seawater pond, so that heat transfer from upper-layer water to middle-layer water and bottom-layer water in the shed is realized, intermolecular movement is accelerated, and the absorption speed of the floating ecological enteromorpha on nutrient salt in the water environment is accelerated; the triangular floating columns are used for expanding and culturing the floating ecological enteromorpha, so that the space for absorbing and utilizing the nutritive salt in the water is expanded, the content of the nutritive salt in the pond water is reduced, and the mass growth of phytoplankton in the pond is inhibited.
4. The floating ecological enteromorpha grows in the seawater pond and is surrounded by the plastic shed and the triangular floating fence, so that the floating ecological enteromorpha is prevented from running off to other places of the pond to cause breeding and flooding; the excessive floating ecological enteromorpha is fished away from the pond and processed into organic fertilizer, so that the characteristic of utilizing the floating ecological enteromorpha to serve seawater pond culture under the control condition is realized.
5. The floating ecological enteromorpha is a carrier of nutrient salt, and the floating ecological enteromorpha grown out is continuously fished away from the seawater pond, so that the nutrient salt is taken out from the pond culture water, the pond water quality is purified, and the problem of seawater eutrophication caused by seawater pond culture is solved.
6. The invention has the feasible technical route that: culturing floating ecological enteromorpha by using a plastic shed and a triangular prism-shaped floating fence in pool water; culturing the floating ecological enteromorpha in water in a plastic shed, and raising the water temperature by illumination, thereby meeting the requirement of quick growth of the floating ecological enteromorpha; the method is expanded to a floating fence for culture, the nutrient salt in the pond water is absorbed and utilized by the growth of the floating ecological enteromorpha, so that the nutrient salt in the pond water is greatly consumed, the content of the nutrient salt in the pond water is reduced, the absorption and utilization of phytoplankton in the pond are reduced, the mass growth of the phytoplankton in the pond is inhibited, the transparency of the water is increased, the growth of algae at the bottom of the pond is recovered, and the water environment of the pond is adjusted; meanwhile, the grown floating ecological enteromorpha is fished out from the pond in an irregular period and is transported away to be processed into fertilizer, thereby fundamentally reducing the eutrophication of the pond, namely continuously taking away nutrient salt from pond water in the process of seawater pond culture production; not only the input products are continuously input into the pond water, but also the nutritive salt is continuously taken out from the pond water, thereby realizing the utilization and the taking away of the nutritive salt in the pond culture water, purifying the water quality of the pond and protecting the ecological environment of the pond and the surrounding areas.
7. The invention has the following practical and reliable technical principles: the plastic shed in the solar irradiation pool water raises the air temperature in the shed, the air temperature raises the water temperature of the upper layer in the shed, and sunlight, proper water temperature and nutrient salt enable the ecological enteromorpha floating in the shed to grow rapidly; the upper layer water transfers heat to the middle layer water and the bottom layer water, the intermolecular motion is intensified, the plastic shed floats and moves in the seawater pond along with wind, the floating ecological enteromorpha drifts along with the plastic shed, so that the nutrient salt is continuously conveyed to the floating ecological enteromorpha, and the floating ecological enteromorpha absorbs and utilizes the nutrient salt to quickly grow; the grown floating ecological enteromorpha is put into the triangular-prism-shaped floating fences in the pond water by stages for expanded culture, so that the nutrient salt in the pond water is ensured to be absorbed and utilized by the floating ecological enteromorpha in large quantity, and the absorption and utilization of phytoplankton are reduced; meanwhile, a large amount of floating ecological enteromorpha is fished away from the pond, namely nutrient salt is taken out from the pond water, and the eutrophication of the pond water is eliminated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a plastic shelter structure layout;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the placement of a plastic shelter in a pond;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a triangular-prism-shaped floating fence structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the placement of a triangular shaped boom in a pond;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the overall arrangement for regulating water quality of a mariculture pond by using floating ecological enteromorpha;
in the figure: 1-shed frame, 2-plastic cloth, 3-foam floater or floating barrel, 4-shed bottom net sheet, 5-skylight, 6-cable, 7-dyke timber pile, 8-floating ecological enteromorpha, 9-water surface, 10-dyke, 11-sun-proof net, 12-railing, 13-shed bottom net sheet, 14-foam floater, 15-blocking rope, 16-timber pile, 17-plastic shed, 18-triangular floating fence, 19-tied timber pile, 20-rope and 21-pond.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the following examples and accompanying drawings.
Example 1
See fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. A method for adjusting the water quality of a mariculture pond by using floating ecological enteromorpha prolifera comprises the following steps:
(1) manufacturing a plastic shed: the plastic shed 17 comprises a shed body frame 1 and plastic cloth 2 fixed on the shed body frame 1; four corners of the plastic shed 17 are bound with foam floaters or floating barrels 3; binding a large-mesh shed bottom net 4 below the plastic shed 17 to prevent the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 from sinking to the bottom of the pool; the shed roof is provided with two skylight 5 for fishing out the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 and ventilating and controlling temperature.
(2) Arranging a plastic shed for pond water inflow: after the seawater culture pond 21 finishes water inflow, the plastic shed 17 tied with the foam floater or the floating bucket 3 is placed in the pond 21, and the plastic shed 17 floats on water; a blocking rope 15 is arranged on water, two ends of the blocking rope 15 are fixed by wood piles 16, and the blocking rope 15 is suspended on a water blocking plastic shed 17 so that the blocking rope cannot go up a dam to be stranded; the cable 6 connected with the plastic shed 17 is tied on the dam timber pile 7 to prevent the plastic shed 17 from drifting far with the wind; the seedlings are released according to the characteristics of the cultured aquatic animal seedlings on time, and the plastic shed 17 always drifts in the pond 21 during the culture production of the seawater pond 21.
(3) Culturing the floating ecological enteromorpha in a plastic shed: the ecological enteromorpha is floated from Qingdao or Jiangsu shallow sea every year. Putting the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 into a plastic shed 17 for culturing; the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 is clean and does not stick to soil; as the plastic shed 17 has sufficient light, the temperature and the water temperature in the shed are increased, the upper water transfers heat to the lower water, the molecular motion is intensified, the nutrient salt supply in the water is sufficient, and the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 grows rapidly.
(4) Regulating and controlling the growth water temperature of the floating ecological enteromorpha: when the temperature of the water on the upper layer of the seawater pond 21 is below 20 ℃, the sunlight irradiates the plastic shed 17 on the water surface 9 of the pond 21, so that the air temperature in the shed is increased, the temperature of the water on the upper layer in the shed is increased, the temperature of the culture environment of the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 is increased, and the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 can grow rapidly; when the temperature of the water in the shed reaches over 26 ℃, the skylight 5 is opened to ventilate and control the temperature of the plastic shed 17; the water temperature in the shed and the growth condition of the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 are detected every day in high-temperature weather.
(5) Culturing floating ecological enteromorpha in a seawater pond: when the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 grows to the inhabitation water surface 9 which is more than half of the water surface 9 in the plastic shed, fishing out half of the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 from the shed, and putting the half into the triangular floating fence 18 in the water of the pond 21 for culture; the foam floats 14 are bound on three edges of the triangular floating railing 18, the sun-proof net 11 is bound on the railing 12, and the large-mesh railing bottom net piece 13 is bound below the triangular floating railing 18 to prevent the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 from diffusing; when the triangular floating fences 18 are placed in a pond 21, a plurality of triangular floating fences 18 are connected into a group by ropes 20, the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 fished out of the shed is placed in the triangular floating fences 18, then the triangular floating fences 18 are pulled open, two ends of the ropes 20 connecting each group of triangular floating fences 18 are fixed on tying rope wood piles 19, and the tying rope wood piles 19 are respectively arranged on the opposite dams 10; a plurality of groups of triangular floating fences 18 are placed in the seawater pond 21 for cultivating enteromorpha, and each group of triangular floating fences 18 are arranged in parallel; the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 drifts in the seawater pond 21 along with the triangular floating fence 18, so that the range of absorbing and utilizing nutrient salt is enlarged; when the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 grows to the inhabitation area which exceeds two thirds of the area of the triangular floating fence 18, half of the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 is fished out from the triangular floating fence 18 and is transported and processed into the organic fertilizer.
(6) Regulating and controlling the water quality of the mariculture pond: the nutritive salt containing ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus in the pond water is consumed through the growth of phytoplankton in the pond 21 and the floating ecological enteromorpha 8, so that the water quality index of the pond 21 reaches the culture requirement; detecting the water quality index of the pond 21 regularly, and adjusting the inhibition degree of the large-scale growth of phytoplankton in the pond 21 by increasing or reducing the culture area and the number of the floating ecological enteromorpha 8; by taking out the growth amount of the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 at irregular intervals, the stability of the water quality of the seawater pond 21 is kept, and the ecological balance of the pond 21 is realized; the plastic shed 17 and the triangular-prism-shaped floating fences 18 float and move in the seawater pond 21, and the pond 21 is full and continuous in nutrient salt supply to the floating ecological enteromorpha 8, so that the healthy growth of the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 is ensured.
(7) Managing the floating ecological enteromorpha: when the water quality index of the seawater pond 21 is stable, determining the total culture amount of the pond 21 of the floating ecological enteromorpha 8, reserving the fresh floating ecological enteromorpha 8, and fishing out the redundant floating ecological enteromorpha 8 to be processed into an organic fertilizer; if the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 changes color and turns yellow, immediately fishing the floating ecological enteromorpha 8; meanwhile, the pond is patrolled every day, when the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 is found at the water side of the pond 21, the pond is timely fished out, the daily cleaning of the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 is enhanced, the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 is not remained in other places, the growth area of the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 is controlled, the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 is not cultured in the winter, and the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 is prevented from being diffused and polluting the environment; after the cultivation production of the seawater pond 21 is finished, the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 is fished out completely; when the aquatic animals cultured in the pond 21 are caught in drainage, a blocking net is arranged at a drainage gate to prevent the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 from running out of the pond 21, all the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 in the seawater pond 21 are fished out, the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 can be timely transported and processed into organic fertilizer, the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 can be fished out in the same day without storage and omission, and the floating ecological enteromorpha 8 can be thoroughly cleaned.
Example 2
See fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. A method for adjusting the water quality of a mariculture pond by using floating ecological enteromorpha is characterized in that on the basis of the technical scheme recorded in the embodiment 1, the plastic shed 17 in the step (1) is set to be 6 meters long, 4 meters wide and 1 meter high, and the plastic shed 17 manufactured according to the size is beneficial to fully receiving sunlight and is convenient to control and operate.
Example 3
See fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. A method for adjusting the water quality of a mariculture pond by using floating ecological enteromorpha is characterized in that on the basis of the technical scheme recorded in an embodiment 2, buoyancy is adjusted by a plastic shed 17 in a step (2) when the pond 21 is used, the upper part of the plastic shed 17 floats on the water surface, the lower part of the plastic shed 17 is soaked in water, and the plastic shed 17 has the best coordination among sunlight irradiation, buoyancy in water and enteromorpha growth when the part of the plastic shed 17 exposed out of the water surface is 0.6 m high and the part of the plastic shed immersed in the water is 0.4 m high.
Example 4
See fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. A method for adjusting the water quality of a mariculture pond by using floating ecological enteromorpha is characterized in that on the basis of the technical scheme recorded in the embodiment 1, the material of a shed body frame 1 of a plastic shed 17 in the step (1) is an iron pipe, a steel material or a PVC pipe, and the steel material and the PVC pipe can be flexibly selected according to local conditions.
Example 5
See fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. On the basis of the technical scheme recorded in the embodiment 1, the highest water temperature in the shed in the step (4) is controlled to be 28-29 ℃, because the highest water temperature is the upper limit temperature for normal growth of the floating ecological enteromorpha.
Example 6
See fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. A method for adjusting the water quality of a mariculture pond by using floating ecological enteromorpha is characterized in that on the basis of the technical scheme recorded in the embodiment 1, the triangular floating fences 18 in the step (5) are made of bamboo poles, wood poles or steel materials and can be flexibly selected according to local conditions.
Example 7
See fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. A method for adjusting the water quality of a mariculture pond by using floating ecological enteromorpha is characterized in that on the basis of the technical scheme recorded in the embodiment 6, the height of a triangular floating fence 18 in the step (5) is set to be 0.6 m; when the floating force is adjusted when the floating pond is used, the upper part of the triangular floating fence 18 floats on the water surface, and the lower part of the triangular floating fence 18 is soaked in water, wherein the triangular floating fence 18 has the best coordination between the floating force in the water and the growth of enteromorpha when the part exposed out of the water surface is 0.2 m high and the part soaked in the water is 0.4 m high.
Claims (10)
1. A method for adjusting the water quality of a mariculture pond by using floating ecological enteromorpha is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) manufacturing a plastic shed: the plastic shed comprises a shed body frame and plastic cloth fixed on the shed body frame; four corners of the plastic shed are bound with foam floaters or floating barrels; binding a large-mesh shed bottom net piece below the plastic shed to prevent the floating ecological enteromorpha from sinking to the bottom of the pool; the shed roof is provided with two skylights for fishing out the floating ecological enteromorpha and ventilating and controlling temperature;
(2) arranging a plastic shed for pond water inflow: after the seawater culture pond is filled with water, a plastic shed tied with a foam floater or a floating bucket is placed in the pond, and the plastic shed floats on the water; a blocking rope is arranged on the water, two ends of the blocking rope are fixed by wood piles, and the blocking rope is suspended on the water blocking plastic shed to prevent the blocking rope from going up a dam to be stranded; the cable connected with the plastic shed is tied on the wooden piles of the dam, so that the plastic shed is prevented from drifting far with the wind; the seedlings are put on time according to the characteristics of the cultured aquatic animal seedlings, and the plastic shed always drifts in the pond during the production period of the seawater pond culture;
(3) culturing the floating ecological enteromorpha in a plastic shed: putting the floating ecological enteromorpha into a plastic shed for culturing; the floating ecological enteromorpha is clean and does not stick to soil; due to sufficient light of the plastic shed, the temperature and the water temperature in the shed are increased, the upper-layer water transfers heat to the lower-layer water, the molecular motion is intensified, the supply of nutrient salt in the water is sufficient, and the floating ecological enteromorpha grows rapidly;
(4) regulating and controlling the growth water temperature of the floating ecological enteromorpha: when the temperature of the upper water layer of the seawater pond is below 20 ℃, the sunlight irradiates a plastic shed on the water surface of the pond, so that the air temperature in the shed is increased, the temperature of the upper water layer in the shed is increased, the temperature of the culture environment of the floating ecological enteromorpha is increased, and the floating ecological enteromorpha grows quickly; when the temperature of water in the shed reaches over 26 ℃, opening the skylight and ventilating the plastic shed to control the temperature; detecting the water temperature in the shed and the growth condition of the floating ecological enteromorpha every day in high-temperature weather;
(5) culturing floating ecological enteromorpha in a seawater pond: when the floating ecological enteromorpha grows to a position where the inhabiting water surface exceeds half of the water surface in the plastic shed, fishing out half of the floating ecological enteromorpha from the shed, and putting the half of the floating ecological enteromorpha into the triangular floating columns in the pond water for culture; foam floaters are tied on three edges of the triangular floating fence, a sun-proof net is tied on the railing, and a large-mesh fence bottom net piece is tied below the triangular floating fence to prevent floating ecological enteromorpha from spreading; when the triangular floating fences are placed in a pond, a plurality of triangular floating fences are connected into a group by ropes, the floating ecological enteromorpha fished out of the shed is placed in the triangular floating fences, then the triangular floating fences are pulled open, two ends of the ropes connecting each group of triangular floating fences are fixed on tied wood piles which are respectively arranged on opposite dams; placing a plurality of groups of triangular-prism-shaped floating fences in the seawater pond to culture enteromorpha, wherein each group of triangular-prism-shaped floating fences are arranged in parallel; the floating ecological enteromorpha prolifera drifts in the seawater pond along with the triangular floating fences, so that the range of absorbing and utilizing nutrient salts is enlarged; when the floating ecological enteromorpha grows to the inhabitation area which exceeds two thirds of the area of the triangular floating fence, half of the floating ecological enteromorpha is fished out of the triangular floating fence and is transported and processed into organic fertilizer;
(6) regulating and controlling the water quality of the mariculture pond: the nutritive salt containing ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus in the pond water is consumed through the growth of the phytoplankton and the floating ecological enteromorpha in the pond, so that the water quality index of the pond reaches the culture requirement; detecting the water quality index of the pond regularly, and adjusting the inhibition degree of the large-scale growth of phytoplankton in the pond by increasing or reducing the culture area and the number of the floating ecological enteromorpha; by taking out the growth amount of the floating ecological enteromorpha at irregular intervals, the stability of the water quality of the seawater pond is kept, and the ecological balance of the pond is realized; the plastic shed and the triangular-prism-shaped floating fences float and move in the seawater pond, and the pond is fully and continuously supplied with the floating ecological enteromorpha, so that the healthy growth of the floating ecological enteromorpha is ensured;
(7) managing the floating ecological enteromorpha: when the water quality index of the seawater pond is stable, determining the total pond culture amount of the floating ecological enteromorpha, reserving the fresh floating ecological enteromorpha, and fishing away the redundant floating ecological enteromorpha to process the surplus floating ecological enteromorpha into an organic fertilizer; if the floating ecological enteromorpha changes color and turns yellow, immediately fishing the floating ecological enteromorpha; meanwhile, the pond is patrolled every day, when the pond is found to have the floating ecological enteromorpha beside the water, the pond is timely fished out, the daily cleaning of the floating ecological enteromorpha is enhanced, the floating ecological enteromorpha is not reserved in other places, the growth area of the floating ecological enteromorpha is controlled, the floating ecological enteromorpha is not cultured in the overwintering mode, and the floating ecological enteromorpha is prevented from being diffused and polluting the environment; after the seawater pond culture production is finished, completely fishing out the floating ecological enteromorpha; when aquatic animals cultured in a pond are caught in drainage, a blocking net is arranged at a drainage gate to prevent floating ecological enteromorpha from running out of the pond, all floating ecological enteromorpha in the seawater pond are fished out, the floating ecological enteromorpha is timely transported and processed into organic fertilizer, the floating ecological enteromorpha can be fished out in the same day, the floating ecological enteromorpha is not stored and omitted, and the floating ecological enteromorpha is thoroughly cleaned.
2. The method for adjusting the water quality of the mariculture pond by using the floating ecological enteromorpha according to claim 1, wherein the plastic shed in the step (1) is set to be 6 meters long, 4 meters wide and 1 meter high.
3. The method for regulating the water quality of the mariculture pond by using the floating ecological enteromorpha according to claim 2, wherein the plastic shed in the step (2) is used for regulating the buoyancy when the pond is used, the upper part of the plastic shed floats on the water surface, and the lower part of the plastic shed is soaked in water.
4. The method for adjusting the water quality of the mariculture pond by using the floating ecological enteromorpha according to claim 3, wherein the exposed part of the plastic shed in the step (2) is 0.6 meter high, and the immersed part is 0.4 meter high.
5. The method for adjusting the water quality of the mariculture pond by using the floating ecological enteromorpha according to claim 1, wherein the frame of the plastic shed in the step (1) is made of iron pipes, steel or PVC pipes.
6. The method for adjusting the water quality of the mariculture pond with the floating ecological enteromorpha according to claim 1, wherein the maximum water temperature in the shed in the step (4) is controlled to be 28-29 ℃.
7. The method for adjusting the water quality of the mariculture pond by using the floating ecological enteromorpha according to claim 1, wherein the triangular floating fences in the step (5) are made of bamboo poles, wood poles or steel materials.
8. The method for regulating the water quality of the mariculture pond by using the floating ecological enteromorpha according to claim 7, wherein the triangular floating fence in the step (5) is set to be 0.6 m in height.
9. The method for regulating the water quality of the mariculture pond with the floating ecological enteromorpha according to claim 8, wherein the triangular floating fence in the step (5) adjusts the buoyancy when the pond is used, the upper part of the triangular floating fence floats on the water surface, and the lower part of the triangular floating fence is soaked in the water.
10. The method for adjusting the water quality of the mariculture pond with the floating ecological enteromorpha according to claim 9, wherein in the step (5), the part of the triangular floating fence exposed out of the water surface is 0.2 meter high, and the part of the triangular floating fence immersed in the water is 0.4 meter high.
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