CN113511065A - Electro-hydraulic coupling cooperative driving system and driving method for electric vehicle - Google Patents

Electro-hydraulic coupling cooperative driving system and driving method for electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113511065A
CN113511065A CN202110782648.9A CN202110782648A CN113511065A CN 113511065 A CN113511065 A CN 113511065A CN 202110782648 A CN202110782648 A CN 202110782648A CN 113511065 A CN113511065 A CN 113511065A
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motor
power
hydraulic
energy
electric
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CN113511065B (en
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李琳
张铁柱
鲁力群
孙宾宾
冯超
孟令菊
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Shandong University of Technology
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Shandong University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/02—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/06—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing
    • B60K17/08—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing of mechanical type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Motor Power Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a motor-electric-hydraulic coupling cooperative driving system and a driving method for an electric vehicle. In the system, a multi-port power coupler is connected with the inverter; the multiport power coupler distributes the received electric power to a main driving motor, a control motor and electric equipment; the controller is respectively in signal transmission with the power battery, the control motor, the multi-port electric power coupler, the second clutch and the brake; the main drive motor is connected with the gear ring through an input shaft; the second clutch is connected with the mechanical transmission module through an output shaft; the reduction gear is connected with the planet carrier and is connected with the hydraulic module through a first clutch; the planet carrier is connected with the brake; the sun wheel is coaxially connected with the control motor; the input shaft is connected with the gear ring; the output shaft is connected with the input shaft through a second clutch; and after the power of the control motor and the input shaft is coupled at the gear ring, the output shaft outputs mechanical power to the mechanical transmission module. The invention effectively improves the energy utilization rate and the vehicle economy.

Description

Electro-hydraulic coupling cooperative driving system and driving method for electric vehicle
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of new energy automobile power systems, in particular to a motor-electric-hydraulic coupling cooperative driving system and a driving method for an electric vehicle.
Background
In recent years, the problems of energy shortage and atmospheric environmental pollution caused by traditional automobiles using petroleum energy as power are increasingly severe, so that the national trend of vigorously developing energy-saving and environment-friendly new energy automobiles is developed, and pure electric automobiles are the mainstream of research.
At present, pure electric vehicles are widely applied to the fields of commercial vehicles and passenger vehicles, but are not pushed in the field of engineering machinery vehicles. Because the energy conservation and emission reduction form of engineering machinery products is more severe, pure electromotion in the field of engineering machinery becomes the mainstream of research in the year.
Both in passenger vehicles and in construction machinery vehicles, there are energy transfer efficiency and power distribution problems. In existing vehicles, the separation of mechanical, electrical and hydraulic energy is largely allocated after the energy source by means of a transfer case. The speed ratio of the transfer case is certain, and the speed ratio cannot be adjusted, so that the output proportion of mechanical energy, electric energy and hydraulic energy is not variable, and the adjustment can only be performed through a rear gearbox, a hydraulic torque converter or a variable pump according to the load requirement.
Therefore, a new electro-mechanical-hydraulic coupling cooperative driving system or method for an electric vehicle is needed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a motor-electric-hydraulic coupling cooperative driving system and a driving method for an electric vehicle, which effectively improve the energy utilization rate and the vehicle economy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
an electro-mechanical-hydraulic coupling cooperative driving system of an electric vehicle, comprising: the system comprises a power battery, an inverter, a multi-port electric power coupler, a controller, a main drive motor, a power coupling module, a brake, a reduction gear, a first clutch, a hydraulic module, a mechanical transmission module and electric equipment;
the power coupling module includes: the planetary gear type planetary gear set comprises an input shaft, a gear ring, a planetary gear, a planetary carrier, an output shaft, a control motor, a sun gear and a second clutch;
the power battery is connected with the inverter through electric transmission;
the multiport power coupler is connected with the inverter through an electric transmission and receives electric power;
the multiport power coupler is used for distributing the received electric power to the main driving motor, the control motor and the electric equipment;
the controller is in signal transmission with the power battery, the control motor, the multi-port electric power coupler, the second clutch and the brake respectively;
the main drive motor is connected with the gear ring through the input shaft;
the second clutch is connected with the mechanical transmission module through the output shaft and outputs power to the mechanical transmission module;
the reduction gear is connected with the planet carrier and is connected with the hydraulic module through the first clutch; the planet carrier is connected with the brake;
the sun gear is coaxially connected with the control motor; the input shaft is connected with the gear ring;
the output shaft is connected with the input shaft through the second clutch;
and after the power of the control motor and the input shaft is coupled at the gear ring, the output shaft outputs mechanical power to the mechanical transmission module.
Optionally, the hydraulic module comprises: the hydraulic pump/motor, the main control valve, the overflow valve, the one-way valve, the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic oil tank and the energy accumulator;
the hydraulic pump/motor is respectively connected with the reduction gear and the main control valve;
the main control valve is connected with the overflow valve, the one-way valve and the hydraulic cylinder in sequence;
the main control valve is also connected with the energy accumulator and the overflow valve in sequence with the hydraulic oil tank.
Optionally, the mechanical transmission module comprises: a driving wheel and a speed reducing and changing mechanism;
the speed reduction and change mechanism is connected with the output shaft and the driving wheel respectively.
Optionally, the reduction speed change mechanism comprises: a speed reducer and a gearbox;
the gearbox is connected with the output shaft; the gearbox is connected with the speed reducer; the speed reducer is connected with the driving wheel.
Optionally, the power consuming device comprises: an accessory module, a lighting module, and a whistling module.
Optionally, the transmission line comprises: mechanical transmission, electric transmission, hydraulic transmission and signal transmission.
A method for realizing electro-hydraulic coupling cooperative driving of a vehicle with electricity is disclosed, which comprises the following steps:
determining the working state of the electric vehicle;
when the electric vehicle does not need to output hydraulic power outwards, judging the load of the electric vehicle in a vehicle driving mode;
if the load is smaller than the load threshold value, the electric energy in the power battery passes through the inverter and the multi-port electric power coupler, and then respectively drives the main driving motor and supplies the electric energy to the electric equipment;
if the load is not less than the load threshold value, the electric energy in the power battery passes through the inverter and the multi-port electric power coupler and then respectively drives the main drive motor, the control motor and the power supply equipment; when the energy accumulator has no energy to release outwards, the controller controls the first clutch to be disconnected, the brake to be separated and the second clutch to be connected, the controller enables the control motor to work in a motor state to drive the sun gear to rotate, power passes through the gear ring and the clutch from the input shaft, is coupled with torque transmitted by the control motor, the sun gear, the planet gear and the gear ring at the clutch, and is transmitted to a driving wheel through the output shaft, the gearbox and the reducer to drive the vehicle together; when the energy accumulator has extra hydraulic energy to release outwards, the controller controls the brake to be disconnected, the first clutch to be connected and the control motor to not work, at the moment, the hydraulic energy in the energy accumulator is converted into mechanical energy after passing through the main control valve and the hydraulic pump/motor, the mechanical energy is transmitted to the second clutch through the reduction gear, the planet carrier, the planet gear and the gear ring, and is coupled with power transmitted by the main drive motor at the second clutch and transmitted to the drive wheel through the output shaft to drive the vehicle together;
when the electric vehicle works in situ, a transmission system is not needed, and only in a working mode, electric energy in the power battery passes through the inverter and the multi-port electric power coupler and then respectively drives the main driving motor, the driving control motor and the electric equipment;
the controller controls the second clutch to be disconnected and the brake to be disconnected, the motor is controlled to work in a motor mode, the output shaft does not output power outwards, the power passes through the gear ring, the planet wheel and the planet carrier from the input shaft, the motor is controlled to control the rotating speed and the torque of the sun wheel, the power is coupled with the power transmitted by the input shaft through the planet wheel and the planet carrier, the power is coupled with the power transmitted by the input shaft through the reduction gear and the first clutch, the hydraulic pump/motor is driven to rotate, mechanical energy is converted into hydraulic energy, the hydraulic cylinder is pushed to act through the main control valve, and meanwhile, the energy can be stored through the energy accumulator;
when the hydraulic energy in the hydraulic energy accumulator meets the working requirement of the hydraulic cylinder, the power battery does not work at the moment, the first clutch is in a disconnected state, and the energy accumulator supplies energy to the hydraulic cylinder independently;
when the electric vehicle needs to be driven and operated at the same time, the controller judges the driving power and the operating power according to the load requirement, and controls the output power proportion of two branches of the hydraulic module and the mechanical transmission module by controlling the rotating speed of the motor; electric energy in the power battery passes through the inverter and the multi-port electric power coupler and then respectively drives the main drive motor, the drive control motor and the electric equipment;
the controller controls the second clutch to be combined, the brake to be separated, the motor to work in a motor mode, and the driving route of the electric vehicle is as follows: the main drive motor passes through the gear ring, the second clutch, the control motor, the sun gear, the planet gear and the gear ring, and is output to the output shaft, the gearbox and the speed reducer to the drive wheel after being subjected to power coupling at the second clutch; the operation route is as follows: the power of the main drive motor, the gear ring, the planet wheel, the control motor, the sun wheel and the planet wheel is coupled at the planet carrier, and after the coupling, the reduction gear drives the hydraulic cylinder to work through the second clutch, the hydraulic pump/motor and the main control valve;
when the electric vehicle is in a braking and pressure reducing mode, judging a specific operation mode;
if the working mode of the electric vehicle is a working device decompression mode, the main driving motor does not work, the brake is separated, the first clutch is combined, hydraulic energy in the hydraulic cylinder passes through the hydraulic pump/motor through a pipeline, the hydraulic pump/motor is used as a motor, and the working route is as follows: the control motor works in a generator state at the moment, and converts transmitted mechanical energy into electric energy to be stored in a power battery; meanwhile, the energy accumulator can absorb hydraulic energy in the pressure reduction process through the main control valve and directly store the hydraulic energy in the energy accumulator;
if the operation mode of the electric vehicle is a braking or decelerating mode, the main drive motor does not work, the clutch is connected with the output shaft, the braking force at the driving wheel passes through the speed reducer, the gearbox and the second clutch, and reaches the control motor through the gear ring, the planet wheel and the sun wheel, and the control motor is used as a generator at the moment and converts the transmitted mechanical energy into electric energy to be stored in a power battery;
if the operation mode of the electric vehicle is an operation device and braking simultaneous operation mode, the main drive motor and the control motor work in a generator state, and a part of hydraulic energy absorbs the hydraulic energy in the pressure reduction process through the energy accumulator and the main control valve, so that the hydraulic energy is directly stored in the energy accumulator; the other part of hydraulic energy passes through a hydraulic pump/motor, a reduction gear and a planet carrier, and then passes through a sun gear, a control motor, a gear ring and a main drive motor to convert mechanical energy into electric energy to be stored in a power battery; the braking energy of the vehicle is subjected to power coupling at the gear ring through a speed reducer, a gearbox and a second clutch, and then the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy to be stored in a power battery;
when the load of the transmission part of the electric vehicle or the load of the hydraulic part fluctuates, the load of the hydraulic module, the mechanical transmission module or the electric equipment is compensated and reduced by adjusting and controlling the output rotating speed and the torque of the motor.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the electro-hydraulic coupling cooperative driving system and the driving method for the power-carrying vehicle provided by the invention have the advantages that the hydraulic system is in power coupling with the vehicle transmission system, so that power is coupled and distributed at the energy output end, the length of a transmission chain is reduced, and the energy transmission efficiency is improved; the working state of a main drive motor and the output ratio of mechanical power and hydraulic power are controlled by a control motor, so that the electro-hydraulic cooperative coupling drive of the electric vehicle is realized; the main drive motor and the hydraulic pump/motor are ensured to stably work in a high-efficiency area, and the capacity of overcoming a certain load can be greatly improved; in the braking deceleration process of the vehicle or the pressure reduction process of a hydraulic system, the braking energy of various loads can be effectively recycled and used as auxiliary power during driving; mechanical energy, electric energy and hydraulic energy are reasonably distributed, recovered and converted in the system, and the energy utilization rate and the vehicle economy are effectively improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electro-mechanical-hydraulic coupling cooperative driving system of an electric vehicle according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power coupling module provided in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a motor-electric-hydraulic coupling cooperative driving system and a driving method for an electric vehicle, which effectively improve the energy utilization rate and the vehicle economy.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromechanical-hydraulic coupling cooperative driving system of an electric vehicle provided by the invention. As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides an electro-hydraulic coupling cooperative driving system for an electric vehicle, comprising: the system comprises a power battery 1, an inverter 2, a multi-port electric power coupler 3, a controller 4, a main driving motor 5, a power coupling module 6, a brake 7, a reduction gear 8, a first clutch 9, a hydraulic module, a mechanical transmission module and electric equipment 20.
As shown in fig. 2, the power coupling module 6 includes: an input shaft 601, a ring gear 602, planet gears 603, a planet carrier 604, an output shaft 605, a control motor 606, a sun gear 607, and a second clutch 608.
The power battery 1 is connected with the inverter 2 through electric transmission.
The multiport power coupler 3 is connected to the inverter 2 through an electric power transmission and receives an electromotive force.
The multiport power coupler 3 is used to distribute the received electric power to the main drive motor 5, the control motor 606, and the electric consumer 20.
The controller 4 is in signal communication with the power battery 1, the control motor 606, the multi-port electric power coupler 3, the second clutch 608, and the brake 7, respectively.
The main drive motor 5 is connected to the ring gear 602 via the input shaft 601.
The second clutch 608 is connected to the mechanical transmission module via the output shaft 605 and outputs power to the mechanical transmission module.
The reduction gear 8 is connected with the planet carrier 604 and is connected with the hydraulic module through the first clutch 9; the carrier 604 is connected to the brake 7.
The sun gear 607 is coaxially connected with the control motor 606; the input shaft 601 is connected to the ring gear 602.
The output shaft 605 is connected to the input shaft 601 via the second clutch 608.
After the power of the control motor 606 and the power of the input shaft 601 are coupled at the gear ring 602, the output shaft 605 outputs mechanical power to the mechanical transmission module.
The power coupling module comprises a single-row planetary gear mechanism, namely, a motor-electric liquid coupling cooperative driving system of the electric vehicle is provided by combining the existing pure electric vehicle technology and applying the planetary row power coupling technology and the motor control technology. The invention couples the power of the hydraulic module and the mechanical transmission module of the vehicle, so that the power is coupled and distributed at the energy output end, the length of the transmission chain is reduced, and the energy transmission efficiency is improved. The working state of the main drive motor 5 and the output ratio of mechanical power and hydraulic power are controlled by a control motor 606, so that the electro-hydraulic cooperative coupling drive of the power-carrying vehicle is realized; the main drive motor 5 and the hydraulic pump/motor 10 are ensured to stably work in a high-efficiency area; in the process of braking and decelerating the vehicle or reducing the pressure of a hydraulic system, the braking energy of various loads can be effectively recycled and used as auxiliary power during driving; mechanical energy, electric energy and hydraulic energy are reasonably distributed, recovered and converted in the system, and the energy utilization rate and the vehicle economy are effectively improved.
The hydraulic module includes: a hydraulic pump/motor 10, a main control valve 11, an overflow valve 12, a check valve 13, a hydraulic cylinder 14, a hydraulic oil tank 15, and an accumulator 16;
the hydraulic pump/motor 10 is connected to the reduction gear 8 and the main control valve 11, respectively;
the main control valve 11 is connected with the overflow valve 12, the check valve 13 and the hydraulic cylinder 14 in sequence;
the main control valve 11 is also connected with an energy accumulator 16, the overflow valve 12 and the hydraulic oil tank 15 in sequence.
The mechanical transmission module comprises: a drive wheel 17, a speed reduction and change mechanism;
the reduction/transmission mechanism is connected to the output shaft 605 and the drive wheels 17, respectively.
The speed reduction and change mechanism includes: a reduction gear 18 and a transmission case 19;
the gearbox 19 is connected with the output shaft 605; the gearbox is connected with the speed reducer 18; the speed reducer 18 is connected to the drive wheel 17.
The electric device 20 includes: an accessory module, a lighting module, and a whistling module.
As shown in fig. 1, the transmission line includes: mechanical transmission, electric transmission, hydraulic transmission and signal transmission.
The invention provides a power-carrying vehicle electro-hydraulic coupling cooperative driving method, which is used for realizing the power-carrying vehicle electro-hydraulic coupling cooperative driving system and comprises the following steps:
determining the working state of the electric vehicle;
when the electric vehicle does not need to output hydraulic power outwards, judging the load of the electric vehicle in a vehicle driving mode (namely a pure driving mode);
if the load is smaller than the load threshold value, the electric energy in the power battery 1 is supplied to the load in two paths through the inverter 2 and the multi-port electric power coupler 3, one path drives the main drive motor 5, and the other path is supplied to the electric equipment 20;
if the load is not less than the load threshold value, the electric energy in the power battery 1 passes through the inverter 2 and the multi-port electric power coupler 3, three paths of electric energy are supplied to the load, one path of electric energy drives the main drive motor 5, the other path of electric energy drives the control motor 606, and the other path of electric energy is supplied to the electric equipment 20; when the energy accumulator 16 has no energy to release outwards, the controller 4 controls the first clutch 9 to be disconnected, the brake 7 to be disconnected and the second clutch 608 to be connected, the controller 4 enables the control motor 606 to work in a motor state to drive the sun gear 607 to rotate, power is coupled with torque transmitted by the control motor 606, the sun gear 607, the planet gear 603 and the ring gear 602 at the clutch through the input shaft 601 and the clutch, and is transmitted to the driving wheel 17 through the output shaft 605, the gearbox and the reducer 18 to drive the vehicle together; when extra hydraulic energy of the energy accumulator 16 is released outwards, the controller 4 controls the brake 7 to be disconnected, the first clutch 9 to be connected and the control motor 606 to not work, at this time, the hydraulic energy in the energy accumulator 16 is converted into mechanical energy after passing through the main control valve 11 and the hydraulic pump/motor 10, and the mechanical energy is transmitted to the second clutch 608 through the reduction gear 8, the planet carrier 604, the planet gear 603 and the gear ring 602, is coupled with the power transmitted by the main drive motor 5 at the second clutch 608 and is transmitted to the drive wheel 17 through the output shaft 605 to drive the vehicle together;
when the electric vehicle works in situ, a transmission system is not needed, and only in a working mode (namely a pure working mode), electric energy in the power battery 1 is supplied to a load in three ways through the inverter 2 and the multi-port electric power coupler 3, wherein one way drives the main driving motor 5, the other way drives the control motor 606, and the other way supplies the electric equipment 20;
the controller 4 controls the second clutch 608 to be disconnected and the brake 7 to be disconnected, controls the motor 606 to work in a motor mode, controls the output shaft 605 not to output power outwards, controls the power to pass through the gear ring 602, the planet wheel 603 and the planet carrier 604 from the input shaft 601, controls the motor 606 to control the rotating speed and the torque of the sun wheel 607, couples the power transmitted from the input shaft 601 through the planet wheel 603 and the planet carrier 604, and drives the hydraulic pump/motor 10 to rotate after coupling through the reduction gear 8 and the first clutch 9, so that the mechanical energy is converted into hydraulic energy, pushes the hydraulic cylinder 14 to act through the main control valve 11, and can also store energy through the energy accumulator 16;
when the hydraulic energy in the hydraulic energy accumulator 16 meets the working requirement of the hydraulic cylinder 14, the power battery 1 does not work at the moment, the first clutch 9 is in a disconnected state, and the energy accumulator 16 independently supplies energy to the hydraulic cylinder 14;
when the electric vehicle needs to be driven and operated at the same time (namely a mixed mode), the controller 4 judges the driving power and the operating power according to the load requirement, and controls the output power proportion of two branches of the hydraulic module and the mechanical transmission module by controlling the rotating speed of the motor 606; the electric energy in the power battery 1 passes through the inverter 2 and the multi-port electric power coupler 3 and is supplied to a load in three paths, wherein one path drives the main driving motor 5, the other path drives the control motor 606, and the other path is supplied to the electric equipment 20;
the controller 4 controls the second clutch 608 to be combined, the brake 7 to be separated, and the motor 606 to work in the motor mode, and the driving route of the electric vehicle is as follows: the main driving motor 5 passes through the gear ring 602, the second clutch 608, the control motor 606, the sun gear 607, the planet gear 603 and the gear ring 602, and is coupled with the second clutch 608, and then is output to the output shaft 605, the gearbox 19 and the reducer 18 to the driving wheel 17; the operation route is as follows: the main drive motor 5, the gear ring 602, the planet wheel 603, the control motor 606, the sun wheel 607 and the planet wheel 603, the power of the two is coupled at the planet carrier 604, and after the coupling, the hydraulic cylinder 14 is driven to work by the reduction gear 8 through the second clutch 608, the hydraulic pump/motor 10 and the main control valve 11;
when the electric vehicle is in a braking and pressure reducing mode, judging a specific operation mode;
if the working mode of the electric vehicle is the working device pressure reduction mode, the main drive motor 5 does not operate, the brake 7 is disengaged, the first clutch 9 is engaged, the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 14 can pass through the hydraulic pump/motor 10 through the pipeline, and the hydraulic pump/motor 10 is used as a motor, and the working route is as follows: the speed reduction gear 8, the planet carrier 604, the sun gear 607 and the control motor 606, wherein the control motor 606 works in a generator state at the moment, and converts the transmitted mechanical energy into electric energy to be stored in the power battery 1; meanwhile, the accumulator 16 can absorb the hydraulic energy in the decompression process through the main control valve 11, and directly store the hydraulic energy in the accumulator 16;
if the operation mode of the electric vehicle is a braking or decelerating mode, the main drive motor 5 does not work, the clutch is connected with the output shaft 605, the braking force at the driving wheel 17 passes through the speed reducer 18, the gearbox 19 and the second clutch 608, and reaches the control motor 606 through the gear ring 602, the planet wheel 603 and the sun wheel 607, and at the moment, the control motor 606 is used as a generator, and the transmitted mechanical energy is converted into electric energy to be stored in the power battery 1;
if the working mode of the electric vehicle is a working device and braking simultaneous operation mode, the main drive motor 5 and the control motor 606 work in a generator state, and a part of hydraulic energy passes through the energy accumulator 16 and the main control valve 11, absorbs the hydraulic energy in the pressure reduction process, and directly stores the hydraulic energy in the energy accumulator 16; the other part of hydraulic energy passes through the hydraulic pump/motor 10, the reduction gear 8 and the planet carrier 604, and then is converted into electric energy through the sun gear 607, the control motor 606, the gear ring 602 and the main drive motor 5 to be stored in the power battery 1; the braking energy of the vehicle passes through the reducer 18, the gearbox 19 and the second clutch 608, and after power coupling is carried out at the gear ring 602, mechanical energy is converted into electric energy to be stored in the power battery 1;
when the load of the transmission part or the load of the hydraulic part of the electric vehicle fluctuates, the load of the hydraulic module, the mechanical transmission module or the electric equipment 20 is compensated and reduced by adjusting the output rotating speed and the torque of the control motor 606. The main drive motor 5 can work in a high-efficiency area all the time, and the service life of the main drive motor 5 is prolonged.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (7)

1. An electro-mechanical-hydraulic coupling cooperative driving system of an electric vehicle, comprising: the system comprises a power battery, an inverter, a multi-port electric power coupler, a controller, a main drive motor, a power coupling module, a brake, a reduction gear, a first clutch, a hydraulic module, a mechanical transmission module and electric equipment;
the power coupling module includes: the planetary gear type planetary gear set comprises an input shaft, a gear ring, a planetary gear, a planetary carrier, an output shaft, a control motor, a sun gear and a second clutch;
the power battery is connected with the inverter through electric transmission;
the multiport power coupler is connected with the inverter through an electric transmission and receives electric power;
the multiport power coupler is used for distributing the received electric power to the main driving motor, the control motor and the electric equipment;
the controller is in signal transmission with the power battery, the control motor, the multi-port electric power coupler, the second clutch and the brake respectively;
the main drive motor is connected with the gear ring through the input shaft;
the second clutch is connected with the mechanical transmission module through the output shaft and outputs power to the mechanical transmission module;
the reduction gear is connected with the planet carrier and is connected with the hydraulic module through the first clutch; the planet carrier is connected with the brake;
the sun gear is coaxially connected with the control motor; the input shaft is connected with the gear ring;
the output shaft is connected with the input shaft through the second clutch;
and after the power of the control motor and the input shaft is coupled at the gear ring, the output shaft outputs mechanical power to the mechanical transmission module.
2. The electro-hydraulic coupling cooperative drive system of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic module comprises: the hydraulic pump/motor, the main control valve, the overflow valve, the one-way valve, the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic oil tank and the energy accumulator;
the hydraulic pump/motor is respectively connected with the reduction gear and the main control valve;
the main control valve is connected with the overflow valve, the one-way valve and the hydraulic cylinder in sequence;
the main control valve is also connected with the energy accumulator and the overflow valve in sequence with the hydraulic oil tank.
3. An electro-mechanical and hydraulic coupling cooperative drive system for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical transmission module comprises: a driving wheel and a speed reducing and changing mechanism;
the speed reduction and change mechanism is connected with the output shaft and the driving wheel respectively.
4. The electro-hydraulic coupling cooperative drive system of the power-carrying vehicle as claimed in claim 3, wherein the speed reduction and speed change mechanism comprises: a speed reducer and a gearbox;
the gearbox is connected with the output shaft; the gearbox is connected with the speed reducer; the speed reducer is connected with the driving wheel.
5. The electro-mechanical and hydraulic coupling cooperative drive system of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the electric equipment comprises: an accessory module, a lighting module, and a whistling module.
6. The electro-mechanical and hydraulic coupling cooperative drive system of the power-carrying vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transmission line comprises: mechanical transmission, electric transmission, hydraulic transmission and signal transmission.
7. An electro-mechanical-hydraulic coupling cooperative driving method for a power-carrying vehicle, which is used for realizing the electro-mechanical-hydraulic coupling cooperative driving system for the power-carrying vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, and is characterized in that the electro-mechanical-hydraulic coupling cooperative driving method for the power-carrying vehicle comprises the following steps:
determining the working state of the electric vehicle;
when the electric vehicle does not need to output hydraulic power outwards, judging the load of the electric vehicle in a vehicle driving mode;
if the load is smaller than the load threshold value, the electric energy in the power battery passes through the inverter and the multi-port electric power coupler, and then respectively drives the main driving motor and supplies the electric energy to the electric equipment;
if the load is not less than the load threshold value, the electric energy in the power battery passes through the inverter and the multi-port electric power coupler and then respectively drives the main drive motor, the control motor and the power supply equipment; when the energy accumulator has no energy to release outwards, the controller controls the first clutch to be disconnected, the brake to be separated and the second clutch to be connected, the controller enables the control motor to work in a motor state to drive the sun gear to rotate, power passes through the gear ring and the clutch from the input shaft, is coupled with torque transmitted by the control motor, the sun gear, the planet gear and the gear ring at the clutch, and is transmitted to a driving wheel through the output shaft, the gearbox and the reducer to drive the vehicle together; when the energy accumulator has extra hydraulic energy to release outwards, the controller controls the brake to be disconnected, the first clutch to be connected and the control motor to not work, at the moment, the hydraulic energy in the energy accumulator is converted into mechanical energy after passing through the main control valve and the hydraulic pump/motor, the mechanical energy is transmitted to the second clutch through the reduction gear, the planet carrier, the planet gear and the gear ring, and is coupled with power transmitted by the main drive motor at the second clutch and transmitted to the drive wheel through the output shaft to drive the vehicle together;
when the electric vehicle works in situ, a transmission system is not needed, and only in a working mode, electric energy in the power battery passes through the inverter and the multi-port electric power coupler and then respectively drives the main driving motor, the driving control motor and the electric equipment;
the controller controls the second clutch to be disconnected and the brake to be disconnected, the motor is controlled to work in an electric motor mode, the output shaft does not output power outwards, the power passes through the gear ring, the planet wheel and the planet carrier from the input shaft, the motor is controlled to control the rotating speed and the torque of the sun wheel, the power is coupled with the power transmitted from the input shaft through the planet wheel and the planet carrier, the hydraulic pump/motor is driven to rotate through the reduction gear and the first clutch after the power is coupled, mechanical energy is converted into hydraulic energy, the hydraulic cylinder is pushed to act through the main control valve, and meanwhile, energy can be stored through the energy accumulator;
when the hydraulic energy in the hydraulic energy accumulator meets the working requirement of the hydraulic cylinder, the power battery does not work at the moment, the first clutch is in a disconnected state, and the energy accumulator supplies energy to the hydraulic cylinder independently;
when the electric vehicle needs to be driven and operated at the same time, the controller judges the driving power and the operating power according to the load requirement, and controls the output power proportion of two branches of the hydraulic module and the mechanical transmission module by controlling the rotating speed of the motor; electric energy in the power battery passes through the inverter and the multi-port electric power coupler and then respectively drives the main drive motor, the drive control motor and the electric equipment;
the controller controls the second clutch to be combined, the brake to be separated, the motor to work in a motor mode, and the driving route of the electric vehicle is as follows: the main drive motor passes through the gear ring, the second clutch, the control motor, the sun gear, the planet gear and the gear ring, and is output to the output shaft, the gearbox and the speed reducer to the drive wheel after being subjected to power coupling at the second clutch; the operation route is as follows: the power of the main drive motor, the gear ring, the planet wheel, the control motor, the sun wheel and the planet wheel is coupled at the planet carrier, and after the coupling, the reduction gear drives the hydraulic cylinder to work through the second clutch, the hydraulic pump/motor and the main control valve;
when the electric vehicle is in a braking and pressure reducing mode, judging a specific operation mode;
if the working mode of the electric vehicle is a working device decompression mode, the main driving motor does not work, the brake is separated, the first clutch is combined, hydraulic energy in the hydraulic cylinder passes through the hydraulic pump/motor through a pipeline, the hydraulic pump/motor is used as a motor, and the working route is as follows: the control motor works in a generator state at the moment, and converts transmitted mechanical energy into electric energy to be stored in a power battery; meanwhile, the energy accumulator can absorb hydraulic energy in the pressure reduction process through the main control valve and directly store the hydraulic energy in the energy accumulator;
if the operation mode of the electric vehicle is a braking or decelerating mode, the main drive motor does not work, the clutch is connected with the output shaft, the braking force at the driving wheel passes through the speed reducer, the gearbox and the second clutch, and reaches the control motor through the gear ring, the planet wheel and the sun wheel, and the control motor is used as a generator at the moment and converts the transmitted mechanical energy into electric energy to be stored in a power battery;
if the operation mode of the electric vehicle is an operation device and braking simultaneous operation mode, the main drive motor and the control motor work in a generator state, and a part of hydraulic energy absorbs the hydraulic energy in the pressure reduction process through the energy accumulator and the main control valve, so that the hydraulic energy is directly stored in the energy accumulator; the other part of hydraulic energy passes through a hydraulic pump/motor, a reduction gear and a planet carrier, and then passes through a sun gear, a control motor, a gear ring and a main drive motor to convert mechanical energy into electric energy to be stored in a power battery; the braking energy of the vehicle is subjected to power coupling at the gear ring through a speed reducer, a gearbox and a second clutch, and then the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy to be stored in a power battery;
when the load of the transmission part of the electric vehicle or the load of the hydraulic part fluctuates, the load of the hydraulic module, the mechanical transmission module or the electric equipment is compensated and reduced by adjusting and controlling the output rotating speed and the torque of the motor.
CN202110782648.9A 2021-07-12 2021-07-12 Electro-hydraulic coupling cooperative driving system and driving method for electric vehicle Active CN113511065B (en)

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