CN113499665A - Livestock manure composting deodorization method, device and system by using manure-based biochar - Google Patents
Livestock manure composting deodorization method, device and system by using manure-based biochar Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/76—Gas phase processes, e.g. by using aerosols
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2257/406—Ammonia
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4875—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being a waste, residue or of undefined composition
- B01J2220/4887—Residues, wastes, e.g. garbage, municipal or industrial sludges, compost, animal manure; fly-ashes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a livestock manure compost deodorization method, device and system by using manure-based biochar, which comprises an odor collection unit, a spray humidification unit, an adsorption-oxidation coupling treatment unit and a discharge unit, wherein the four units comprise the odor collection unit, the spray humidification unit, the adsorption-oxidation coupling treatment unit and the discharge unit. The raw materials in the technology are animal manure, the source is wide, the price is low, and the purpose of treating wastes with processes of wastes against one another can be achieved. The deodorization process well solves the problems of high filler cost, frequent regeneration and the like of the existing activated carbon adsorption technology, provides the manure-based biochar filler and the process which are low in cost and simple to prepare, effectively prolongs the service life of the filler while realizing deodorization of livestock manure compost in a farm by utilizing the adsorption effect and the decomposition effect of ozone oxidation of the manure-based biochar, and greatly improves the environmental benefit and the economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of utilization of biological waste resources and emission reduction of odor, in particular to a livestock and poultry manure composting deodorization method, device and system by using manure-based biochar.
Background
The massive establishment of large-scale livestock and poultry farms, the odor as an accessory product of the farms and the corresponding odor treatment are also receiving more and more attention from people. The odor generated by livestock and poultry farms is mainly concentrated in the fecal sewage treatment area, livestock and poultry houses and the air outlet, wherein the odor generated in the fecal composting treatment process is the most concentrated, the odor-causing substances mainly comprise inorganic substances such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) such as amines, phenols, fatty acids and thiols, and according to analysis, the concentration of ammonia in the components is the highest, and then H is the concentration of ammonia in the components2The odor intensity of phenols, thiols and the like in S and VOCs is high, the pollutants have the characteristics of high volatility, low odor threshold value and the like, the surrounding air environment is seriously polluted, the human health is harmed, and the pollutants have strong corrosivity to metal materials, equipment and pipelines of livestock and poultry breeding plants, so that odor reduction measures are very necessary.
In addition, along with the rapid development of rural economy in China, the continuous improvement of the agricultural production level and the increasing enhancement of the environmental consciousness of farmers, the stink pollution of livestock farms becomes an environmental problem to be solved urgently, so that in the process of building a large-scale livestock farm, besides the necessary breeding sewage and fecal treatment and disposal system, an appropriate deodorization technology is selected according to the components of stink substances in a fecal sewage treatment area and the concentration of stink, and an economical and effective deodorization system is set.
Aiming at different odor components, when the odor is treated, the most suitable solution and related technologies must be reasonably selected, and the following is a common deodorization method.
The active carbon adsorption method utilizes the characteristic that active carbon can adsorb odor-causing substances in odor to achieve the aim of deodorization, and the active carbon adsorption deodorization is to firstly collect the odor and then enter an active carbon adsorption tower to treat the odor and then discharge clean gas.
The ozone oxidation method uses ozone as an oxidant to oxidize and remove odor-causing substances in odor to achieve the purpose of deodorization, and the ozone deodorization needs to collect the odor firstly, then carry out ozone oxidation, and discharge clean gas after treatment, wherein the ozone needs to be provided with an ozone generator. The active carbon adsorption technology has the problems of easy adsorption saturation, frequent regeneration or replacement and the like, and common active carbon fillers are generally wood carbon, shell carbon, coal carbon and the like, but the materials are high in price, so that a novel filler with stable deodorization efficiency and low cost is selected, and an effective deodorization system is constructed to become the key.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a livestock and poultry manure compost deodorization method, device and system by using manure-based biochar. The manure-based biochar is prepared by recycling the livestock manure, and has a good effect of deodorizing the manure-based biochar by combining ozone synchronous oxidation adsorption, so that the method has an important significance for relieving the air environment and the surrounding environment of a farm.
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a livestock manure compost deodorization method by using manure-based biochar, which comprises the following steps: collecting odor generated by livestock and poultry manure composting and spraying and humidifying the odor, then introducing the odor into a container filled with manure-based biochar filler, and simultaneously introducing ozone gas and/or ozone water into the container; the odor is discharged after reaching the standard after being decomposed by reaction.
The invention provides a livestock manure compost deodorization method by using manure-based biochar, which is further set as follows:
(1) preparing the manure-based biochar, namely preparing the livestock manure into the manure-based biochar, and preparing the manure-based biochar into a manure-based biochar filler for later use;
(2) collecting odor, namely collecting the odor in the manure composting area and conveying the odor through an odor pipeline;
(3) spray humidification, namely performing spray humidification treatment on the odor collected in the step (2);
(4) performing adsorption oxidation coupling treatment, namely introducing the odor humidified in the step (2) into a container filled with the manure-based biochar filler, introducing ozone gas and/or spraying ozone water into the container, and performing adsorption and ozone oxidation decomposition on the manure-based biochar;
(5) discharging after reaching the standard: the odor is discharged after reaching the standard after being treated.
The livestock manure composting deodorization method by using manure-based biochar is further set to be that the manure-based biochar filler is formed by combining one or more of pig manure-based biochar, cow manure-based biochar, sheep manure-based biochar, chicken manure-based biochar and pigeon manure-based biochar.
The livestock manure compost deodorization method utilizing manure-based biochar is further set to be that liquid used for spraying and humidifying is one or more of acidic, neutral or alkaline liquid.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a livestock manure compost deodorization device using manure-based biochar, which comprises at least one spray humidifying unit and at least one adsorption oxidation coupling unit;
the spray humidifying unit at least comprises a spray reaction cavity for spraying the deodorizing liquid;
the adsorption oxidation coupling unit at least comprises one container, the excrement-based biochar filler is arranged in the container, an ozone water sprayer is arranged at the top of the excrement-based biochar filler, and an ozone gas inlet is formed in the bottom of the excrement-based biochar filler.
The livestock manure compost deodorization device utilizing manure-based biochar is further arranged in a manner that an ozone water reflux pool is arranged at the bottom of the container, a spray pump is arranged in the ozone water reflux pool, and the ozone water spray pump is communicated with an ozone water sprayer through a spray pipe.
The livestock manure compost deodorization device utilizing manure-based biochar is further arranged in a manner that one end of the ozone water reflux pool is connected with a gas-liquid mixer and an ozone generator. The ozone generator is also communicated with the bottom of the ozone water reflux pool or the ozone gas inlet through a pipeline.
A third object of the present invention is to provide a livestock manure compost deodorization system using manure-based biochar, including the deodorization device as described above, further including:
the odor collecting unit comprises ventilation equipment and a deodorizing device, wherein the ventilation equipment is used for collecting odor in the excrement composting area, and the collected odor is conveyed to the deodorizing device through a pipeline;
a discharge unit including a discharge tower;
and a control device which is connected with and controls the deodorization device, the discharge unit and the odor collection unit respectively.
The invention provides a livestock manure compost deodorization device utilizing manure-based biochar, which is further arranged to comprise 1 spray humidification unit and at least 3 adsorption oxidation coupling units which are sequentially connected in series.
The invention provides a livestock manure compost deodorization device utilizing manure-based biochar, which is further arranged to comprise a treatment module formed by connecting 1 spray humidification unit and 1 adsorption oxidation coupling unit in series, wherein a plurality of treatment modules are connected in parallel.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides a livestock manure compost deodorization method, device and system by using manure-based biochar, which have the following advantages:
1. the manure-based biochar is produced by using the manure organic fertilizer as a raw material, the raw material is easy to obtain and low in cost in livestock and poultry farms, the purpose of treating wastes with processes of wastes against one another is realized, and the manure-based biochar is green, environment-friendly and economical;
2. the adsorption oxidation coupling processing unit can continuously introduce ozone gas or spray ozone water while adsorbing the biochar, the adsorption and the oxidative decomposition process are synchronously carried out, and the biochar can greatly oxidize and degrade organic VOCs (volatile organic chemicals) while adsorbing a large amount of inorganic gases such as ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide and the like;
3. when the organic VOCs is degraded by ozone oxidation, the degradable VOCs adsorbed on the biochar can be oxidized and decomposed, namely, the biochar is regenerated synchronously, and the major defect that fillers need to be regenerated or replaced frequently in the prior art such as activated carbon adsorption is avoided.
4. The biochar has the advantages that the biochar is porous in surface and rich in functional groups, catalytic oxidation effect can be achieved on VOCs degraded through ozone oxidation, and the capacity of degrading the VOCs is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the tandem configuration of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a parallel flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a spray humidifying unit according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an adsorption-oxidation coupling unit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention will be clear and complete by combining the attached drawings in the embodiment of the invention
In the description, it is to be understood that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides three technical solutions: a process for deodorizing livestock manure compost by using manure-based biochar specifically comprises the following embodiments:
example one
A manure-based biochar is used for deodorizing livestock and poultry manure compost and comprises an odor collecting unit, a spraying and humidifying unit, an adsorption oxidation coupling unit and a discharging unit, wherein the four units comprise the following steps:
s1, odor collection unit: collecting odor in the manure composting area through ventilation equipment, introducing the collected odor into a spray humidifying unit for treatment, wherein the ventilation equipment adopts a negative pressure fan;
s2, spray humidifying unit: removing water-soluble components in the odor collected in the step S1 by spraying, and humidifying the odor, wherein the aqueous phase of the liquid is an acidic hydrochloric acid aqueous solution;
s3, adsorption oxidation coupling unit: introducing the humidified odor into a container filled with a manure-based biochar filler, introducing ozone gas into the container, and adsorbing and oxidizing and decomposing ozone by using biochar to ensure that the exhaust gas meets the emission standard requirement, wherein the manure-based biochar is pig manure-based biochar, and the introduced ozone gas is generated by an oxygen source ozone generator;
s4, discharge unit: and (4) discharging the odor after the treatment through a discharging tower, wherein the discharging tower is a tower frame type discharging tower.
Example two
A manure-based biochar is used for deodorizing livestock and poultry manure compost and comprises an odor collecting unit, a spraying and humidifying unit, an adsorption oxidation coupling unit and a discharging unit, wherein the four units comprise the following steps:
s1, odor collection unit: collecting odor in the manure composting area through ventilation equipment, introducing the collected odor into a spray humidifying unit for treatment, wherein the ventilation equipment adopts a centrifugal fan;
s2, spray humidifying unit: removing water-soluble components in the odor collected in the step S1 by spraying, and humidifying the odor, wherein the water phase is a neutral aqueous solution;
s3, adsorption oxidation coupling unit: introducing the humidified odor into a container filled with a manure-based biochar filler, introducing ozone gas into the container, and adsorbing and oxidizing and decomposing ozone by using biochar to ensure that the exhaust gas meets the emission standard requirement, wherein the manure-based biochar is sheep manure-based biochar, and the introduced ozone gas is generated by an air source ozone generator;
s4, discharge unit: the odor is discharged through a discharge tower after being treated, and the discharge tower is a sleeve type discharge tower.
EXAMPLE III
A manure-based biochar is used for deodorizing livestock and poultry manure compost and comprises an odor collecting unit, a spraying and humidifying unit, an adsorption oxidation coupling unit and a discharging unit, wherein the four units comprise the following steps:
s1, odor collection unit: collecting odor in the manure composting area through ventilation equipment, introducing the collected odor into a spray humidifying unit for treatment, wherein the ventilation equipment adopts a cyclone dust collector;
s2, spray humidifying unit: removing water-soluble components in the odor collected in step S1 by spraying, and humidifying the odor, wherein the water phase is alkaline sodium hydroxide water solution;
s3, adsorption oxidation coupling unit: introducing the humidified odor into a container filled with a manure-based biochar filler, introducing ozone gas into the container, and adsorbing and oxidizing and decomposing ozone by biochar to ensure that the exhaust gas meets the emission standard requirement, wherein the manure-based biochar is pigeon manure-based biochar, and the introduced ozone gas is generated by an oxygen source ozone generator;
s4, discharge unit: the odor is discharged through a discharge tower after being treated, and the discharge tower is a lining type discharge tower.
Example four
Combined examples 1 to 3
A livestock manure compost deodorization device utilizing manure-based biochar comprises at least one spray humidification unit and at least one adsorption oxidation coupling unit;
the spray humidifying unit at least comprises a spray reaction cavity for spraying the deodorizing liquid;
the adsorption oxidation coupling unit at least comprises one container, the excrement-based biochar filler 7 is arranged in the container, an ozone water sprayer 4 is arranged at the top of the excrement-based biochar filler 7, and an ozone gas inlet 5 is arranged at the bottom of the excrement-based biochar filler 7. The bottom of the container is provided with an ozone water reflux pool 8, a spray pump 6 is arranged in the ozone water reflux pool, and the ozone water spray pump 6 is communicated with the ozone water sprayer 4 through a spray pipe. One end of the ozone water reflux pool is connected with a gas-liquid mixer 9 and an ozone generator 10. The ozone generator is also communicated with the bottom of the ozone water reflux pool or the ozone gas inlet through a pipeline. In fig. 5, 11 is an inlet, 12 is an outlet, or both.
Further comprising: the odor collecting unit comprises ventilation equipment and a deodorizing device, wherein the ventilation equipment is used for collecting odor in the excrement composting area, and the collected odor is conveyed to the deodorizing device through a pipeline;
a discharge unit including a discharge tower;
and a control device which is connected with and controls the deodorization device, the discharge unit and the odor collection unit respectively.
EXAMPLE five
With reference to fig. 2 and 4, the livestock manure compost deodorization device using manure-based biochar comprises 1 spray humidification unit and at least 3 adsorption oxidation coupling units which are sequentially connected in series. In fig. 4, the spray reaction chamber of the spray humidification unit includes an acid spray humidification chamber 1, an alkali spray humidification chamber 2, and a neutral spray humidification chamber 3, which are sequentially communicated.
EXAMPLE six
Referring to fig. 3, the livestock manure compost deodorizing device using manure-based biochar comprises a treatment module formed by connecting 1 spray humidifying unit and 1 adsorption oxidation coupling unit in series, wherein the treatment modules are connected in parallel. The invention discloses a livestock manure compost deodorization method, device and system by using manure-based biochar, which comprises an odor collection unit, a spray humidification unit, an adsorption-oxidation coupling treatment unit and a discharge unit. The deodorization process well solves the problems of high filler cost, frequent regeneration and the like of the existing activated carbon adsorption technology, provides the manure-based biochar filler and the process which are low in cost and simple to prepare, effectively prolongs the service life of the filler while realizing deodorization of livestock manure compost in a farm by utilizing the adsorption effect and the decomposition effect of ozone oxidation of the manure-based biochar, and greatly improves the environmental benefit and the economic benefit.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A livestock manure composting deodorization method by using manure-based biochar, which is characterized in that the method
Comprises the following steps: collecting odor generated by livestock and poultry manure composting and spraying and humidifying the odor, then introducing the odor into a container filled with manure-based biochar filler, and simultaneously introducing ozone gas and/or ozone water into the container; the odor is discharged after reaching the standard after being decomposed by reaction.
2. The method for deodorizing compost of livestock and poultry using manure-based biochar as claimed in claim 1,
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing the manure-based biochar, namely preparing the livestock manure into the manure-based biochar, and preparing the manure-based biochar into a manure-based biochar filler for later use;
collecting odor, namely collecting the odor in the manure composting area and conveying the odor through an odor pipeline;
spray humidification, namely performing spray humidification treatment on the odor collected in the step (2);
performing adsorption oxidation coupling treatment, namely introducing the odor humidified in the step (2) into a container filled with the manure-based biochar filler, introducing ozone gas and/or spraying ozone water into the container, and performing adsorption and ozone oxidation decomposition on the manure-based biochar;
discharging after reaching the standard: the odor is discharged after reaching the standard after being treated.
3. The method for deodorizing compost of livestock and poultry using manure-based biochar as claimed in claim 2,
the manure-based biochar filler is characterized by being formed by combining one or more of pig manure-based biochar, cow manure-based biochar, sheep manure-based biochar, chicken manure-based biochar and pigeon manure-based biochar.
4. The method for deodorizing compost of livestock and poultry using manure-based biochar as claimed in claim 2,
the method is characterized in that the liquid used for spray humidification is one or more of acidic, neutral or alkaline liquid.
5. A livestock manure compost deodorization device utilizing manure-based biochar is characterized in that deodorization is carried out
The device comprises at least one spray humidifying unit and at least one adsorption oxidation coupling unit;
the spray humidifying unit at least comprises a spray reaction cavity for spraying the deodorizing liquid;
the adsorption oxidation coupling unit at least comprises one container, the excrement-based biochar filler is arranged in the container, an ozone water sprayer is arranged at the top of the excrement-based biochar filler, and an ozone gas inlet is formed in the bottom of the excrement-based biochar filler.
6. The deodorizing device for compost of livestock and poultry by using manure-based biochar as claimed in claim 4,
the ozone water spraying device is characterized in that an ozone water reflux pool is arranged at the bottom of the container, a spraying pump is arranged in the ozone water reflux pool, and the ozone water spraying pump is communicated with the ozone water sprayer through a spraying pipe.
7. The deodorizing device for compost of livestock and poultry by using manure-based biochar as claimed in claim 5,
the ozone water reflux device is characterized in that one end of the ozone water reflux pool is connected with a gas-liquid mixer and an ozone generator; the ozone generator is also communicated with the bottom of the ozone water reflux pool or the ozone gas inlet through a pipeline.
8. A livestock manure compost deodorization system utilizing manure-based biochar is characterized by comprising the following components
The deodorizing apparatus of claim 4, further comprising:
the odor collecting unit comprises ventilation equipment and a deodorizing device, wherein the ventilation equipment is used for collecting odor in the excrement composting area, and the collected odor is conveyed to the deodorizing device through a pipeline;
a discharge unit including a discharge tower;
and a control device which is connected with and controls the deodorization device, the discharge unit and the odor collection unit respectively.
9. A livestock manure compost deodorizing device using manure-based biochar as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that said device comprises 1 spray humidifying unit and at least 3 adsorption oxidation coupling units connected in series in turn.
10. A compost deodorizing device for livestock and poultry using manure-based biochar as claimed in claim 4, comprising a treatment module in which 1 spray humidifying unit and 1 adsorption oxidation coupling unit are connected in series, wherein a plurality of treatment modules are connected in parallel.
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