CN113489274B - Double-side alternate pole type hybrid excitation brushless motor - Google Patents

Double-side alternate pole type hybrid excitation brushless motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113489274B
CN113489274B CN202110784197.2A CN202110784197A CN113489274B CN 113489274 B CN113489274 B CN 113489274B CN 202110784197 A CN202110784197 A CN 202110784197A CN 113489274 B CN113489274 B CN 113489274B
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stator
rotor
pole
permanent magnet
magnetic
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CN113489274A (en
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李健
王凯
柳霖
张旭
刘闯
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
    • H02K1/165—Shape, form or location of the slots
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/17—Stator cores with permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2746—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets arranged with the same polarity, e.g. consequent pole type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
    • H02K2201/03—Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a bilateral alternating pole type hybrid excitation brushless motor which comprises a stator-rotor I, a stator-rotor II, an armature winding and an annular direct current excitation winding, wherein the stator-rotor I is connected with the stator-rotor II through a power line; the first stator and the second rotor are arranged in parallel along the axial direction; the first stator and the first rotor comprise a first stator and a first rotor; the stator II and the rotor II comprise a stator II and a rotor II; the first stator and the second stator jointly form a stator, and stator iron core poles and stator permanent magnet poles are uniformly and alternately distributed along the circumferential direction; the first rotor and the second rotor jointly form a rotor, and rotor iron core poles and rotor permanent magnet poles are uniformly and alternately distributed along the circumferential direction; the armature winding is wound in the stator slot; and the annular direct-current excitation winding is arranged in an axial air gap between the first stator and the second stator. According to the invention, the annular direct-current excitation winding is arranged between the first stator and the second stator, and no space constraint exists between the annular direct-current excitation winding and the armature winding in the stator slot, so that the problem that the output capacity and the magnetic regulation capacity of the traditional stator permanent magnet type hybrid excitation motor are mutually restricted is solved, and the magnetic regulation efficiency is high.

Description

Double-side alternate pole type hybrid excitation brushless motor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of motor design and manufacture, in particular to a bilateral alternating pole type hybrid excitation brushless motor.
Background
Permanent magnet motors have the advantages of high torque/power density, high efficiency, high power factor, etc., and have been widely used in many applications such as household appliances, electric vehicles, aerospace, etc. The permanent magnet motors are classified into rotor permanent magnet type motors and stator permanent magnet type motors, which are single-sided permanent magnet motors, according to the position classification of the permanent magnet.
Currently, rotor permanent magnet type motors are most commonly used. The stator permanent magnet type motor is a research hotspot for over ten years, a permanent magnet and an armature winding of the stator permanent magnet type motor are both positioned on the stator, and a rotor has no winding or permanent magnet. The novel motor has the advantages of simple structure, reliable operation, easy heat dissipation, high torque density, high efficiency, strong fault-tolerant capability and the like, and has good application prospect. However, since the permanent magnet field is a constant field, both the rotor permanent magnet type motor and the stator permanent magnet type motor face an inherent problem of limited field regulation capability.
Therefore, a hybrid excitation motor with two magnetic potential sources (an excitation winding and a permanent magnet) is produced, the motor not only inherits the advantages of high power density, high efficiency and the like of a permanent magnet motor, but also inherits the advantage of convenience in magnetic field adjustment of an electric excitation motor, and the effective adjustment of an air gap magnetic field can be realized only by lower excitation power (a smaller excitation power converter). Therefore, the hybrid excitation motor has great application potential in the driving occasions with wide rotating speed range (such as electric automobiles) and the constant-voltage power generation occasions (such as aviation power supplies).
Similar to the permanent magnet motor, the hybrid excitation motor can also be divided into a rotor permanent magnet type hybrid excitation motor and a stator permanent magnet type hybrid excitation motor.
For a rotor permanent magnet type hybrid excitation motor, brushless excitation (a plurality of adverse factors are introduced by an electric brush and a slip ring) is a key technology, and three schemes are mainly adopted: (1) An electrical excitation circuit is constructed by means of an additional magnetic circuit and a magnetically conductive member. (2) And special auxiliary excitation windings and a rotating rectifier are adopted to realize brushless excitation. (3) The stator electric excitation motor and the rotor permanent magnet type motor are axially combined in parallel.
The direct-current excitation winding of the stator permanent magnet type hybrid excitation motor is arranged in the stator slot, so that brushless excitation is simple and reliable; however, the armature winding and the excitation winding of the motor have space constraints, so that the output capacity and the magnetic regulation capacity of the motor are mutually restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a bilateral alternating-pole hybrid excitation brushless motor, which solves the problem of mutual restriction between the output capacity and the magnetic regulation capacity of the conventional stator permanent magnet hybrid excitation motor by arranging an annular dc excitation winding between a first stator and a second stator, without space constraint with an armature winding in a stator slot, in order to solve the technical problem of the above-mentioned prior art. Meanwhile, the single annular direct current excitation winding (coil) can simultaneously realize the magnetic flux of the iron core poles on the whole circumference, and the magnetic regulation efficiency is high.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a bilateral alternating pole type hybrid excitation brushless motor comprises a stator-rotor I, a stator-rotor II, an armature winding, an annular direct current excitation winding and a rotating shaft.
The first stator and the second rotor are arranged in parallel along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.
The first stator and the first rotor comprise a first stator, a first rotor and an air gap arranged between the first stator and the first rotor.
The stator II and the rotor II comprise a stator II, a rotor II and an air gap arranged between the stator II and the rotor II.
The first stator and the second stator jointly form a stator, and stator iron core poles and stator permanent magnet poles are uniformly and alternately distributed on one sides of the first stator and the second stator facing the air gap along the circumferential direction.
The first rotor and the second rotor jointly form a rotor, and the first rotor and the second rotor are uniformly and alternately distributed with rotor iron core poles and rotor permanent magnet poles along the circumferential direction on one sides facing the air gap.
The armature windings are wound in stator slots of the stator.
An axial air gap is formed between the first stator and the second stator, and the annular direct-current excitation winding is arranged in the axial air gap.
Stator pole pair number p s Number of pole pairs p of rotor r And number p of pole pairs of armature winding a And satisfies the following formula:
p r ＝|p a ±p s |
and p is s ＝k×Ns
Wherein k is a positive integer and Ns is the number of stator slots.
The flux linkage generated by the stator permanent magnet pole in the armature winding and the flux linkage generated by the rotor permanent magnet pole in the armature winding are superposed in the positive direction, and meanwhile, the armature winding flux linkage generated by the stator and the rotor I and the armature winding flux linkage generated by the stator and the rotor II are superposed in the positive direction; therefore, the first stator and the second rotor need to satisfy the following conditions at the same time:
a. the polarity of the permanent magnet poles of the first stator and the first rotor is the same, and the polarity of the permanent magnet poles of the second stator and the second rotor is the same.
b. The polarity of the permanent magnet poles in the first stator and rotor is opposite to that of the permanent magnet poles in the second stator and rotor, the first rotor and the second rotor are offset by a pole pitch along the circumferential direction, and the first rotor and the second rotor rotate coaxially.
c. The central line of the permanent magnet pole of the first stator is axially aligned with the central line of the permanent magnet pole of the second stator.
The bidirectional regulation of the magnetism increasing and the magnetism weakening in the air gap magnetic field is realized by controlling the current magnitude and the direction of the annular direct current excitation winding.
When the magnetism is increased, the magnetic flux direction generated on the iron core pole by the electric excitation of the annular direct current excitation winding is opposite to the polarity of the adjacent permanent magnet pole; when the magnetic field is weak, the magnetic flux generated on the iron core pole by the electric excitation of the annular direct current excitation winding has the same direction as the polarity of the adjacent permanent magnet pole.
And adjusting the size of an axial air gap between the first stator and the second stator according to the required ampere turns of the annular direct-current excitation winding.
The rotating shaft is made of a magnetic conductive material or a non-magnetic conductive material; when the rotating shaft adopts a non-magnetic conducting material, a rotor solid magnetic conducting yoke part is also arranged between the rotating shaft and the rotor.
The shell is sleeved on the peripheries of the stator-rotor I and the stator-rotor II and is made of a magnetic material or a non-magnetic material; when the machine shell adopts a non-magnetic material, a solid magnetic yoke part is also arranged between the machine shell and the first stator and the second rotor.
The stator slots of the first stator and the second stator are axially aligned, and the stator slot notches of the first stator and the second stator are axially aligned, so that the armature windings can be uniformly wound in the stator slots of the first stator and the second stator.
Permanent magnet poles in the stator and the rotor adopt surface-mounted permanent magnets or built-in permanent magnets.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the annular direct current excitation winding is positioned between the two parts of stators, and has no space constraint with an armature winding in a stator slot, thereby solving the problem that the output capability and the magnetic regulation capability of the traditional stator permanent magnet type hybrid excitation motor are mutually restricted.
2. The single annular direct current excitation winding (coil) can simultaneously adjust the magnetic flux of the iron core poles on the whole circumference, and the magnetic adjustment efficiency is high.
3. The bilateral alternating pole structure can enhance the magnetic field modulation effect, and realize the forward superposition of armature winding phase flux linkages generated by the rotor permanent magnet and the stator permanent magnet, thereby effectively improving the torque density and the power density of the motor.
4. The high magnetic conductivity characteristics of iron core poles on two sides of an air gap are utilized, and the annular direct-current excitation winding, the magnetic conduction casing (or the solid magnetic conduction yoke part) and the rotor solid magnetic conduction yoke part (or the magnetic conduction rotating shaft) are combined to form the parallel magnetic circuit type hybrid excitation brushless motor, so that the flexible adjustment of an air gap magnetic field is realized, and the risk of irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional overall view of a double-sided alternating pole type hybrid excitation brushless motor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional exploded view of a double-sided alternating-pole hybrid excitation brushless motor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a first three-dimensional partial view of a double-sided alternating pole type hybrid excitation brushless motor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional partial view of a double-sided alternating-pole hybrid excitation brushless motor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a first stator and a first rotor in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a stator and a rotor of the second embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a magnetic flux distribution diagram generated by the rotor permanent magnet poles alone in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a diagram showing a magnetic flux distribution generated by the stator permanent magnet poles alone according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a graph showing a change in phase flux linkage of the armature winding and a rotor position in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a three-dimensional overall view of a double-sided alternating-pole hybrid excitation brushless motor according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a three-dimensional exploded view of a double-sided alternating-pole hybrid excitation brushless motor according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a first three-dimensional partial view of a double-sided alternating pole hybrid excitation brushless motor according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a two-dimensional partial view of a two-sided alternating pole type hybrid excitation brushless motor according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a first stator and a first rotor in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a sectional view of a stator and a rotor of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Among them are:
10. a first stator and a first rotor;
11. a first stator; 111. a stator core pole I; 112. a stator permanent magnet pole I; 113. a first stator core;
12. a first rotor; 121. a rotor core pole I; 122. a rotor permanent magnet pole I; 123. a first rotor core;
13. an air gap I;
20. a stator and a rotor II;
21. a second stator; 211. a stator core pole II; 212. a stator permanent magnet pole II; 213. a stator core II;
22. a second rotor; 221. a second rotor core pole; 222. a second rotor permanent magnet pole; 223. a second rotor core;
23. an air gap II;
30. an armature winding; 40. a ring-shaped direct current excitation winding;
50. a rotating shaft; 51. a rotor solid magnetically permeable yoke portion;
60. a casing.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "left side", "right side", "upper part", "lower part", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and that "first", "second", etc., do not represent an important degree of the component parts, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. The specific dimensions used in the present example are only for illustrating the technical solution and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
Example 1 inner rotor, three phases m =3,ns =6 (k = 2), p a ＝2，p s ＝12，p r Example of =10
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a double-sided alternating-pole hybrid excitation brushless motor includes a first stator and rotor 10, a second stator and rotor 20, an armature winding 30, a ring-shaped dc excitation winding 40, a rotating shaft 50, and a housing 60.
The casing is sleeved on the peripheries of the stator-rotor I and the stator-rotor II, and is made of a magnetic material or a non-magnetic material; when the machine shell adopts a non-magnetic material, a solid magnetic yoke part is also arranged between the machine shell and the first stator and the second rotor.
The first stator and the second rotor are arranged in parallel along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, wherein the rotating shaft is made of a magnetic conductive material.
The first stator and the first rotor comprise a first stator 11, a first rotor 12 and an air gap arranged between the first stator and the first rotor.
The stator II and the rotor II comprise a stator II 21, a rotor II 22 and an air gap arranged between the stator II and the rotor II.
The first stator and the second stator have the same structural parameters and jointly form a stator, and one sides of the first stator and the second stator, which face the air gap, are uniformly and alternately provided with stator iron core poles and stator permanent magnet poles along the circumferential direction. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
one side of the first stator facing the air gap is uniformly and alternately provided with a first stator iron core pole 111 and a first stator permanent magnet pole 112 along the circumferential direction.
One side of the second stator facing the air gap is uniformly and alternately provided with a second stator iron core pole 211 and a second stator permanent magnet pole 212 along the circumferential direction.
The first rotor and the second rotor have the same structural parameters and jointly form a rotor, and the rotor iron core poles and the rotor permanent magnet poles are uniformly and alternately distributed on one sides of the first rotor and the second rotor, which face the air gap, along the circumferential direction. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
one side of the first rotor facing the air gap is uniformly and alternately provided with first rotor core poles 121 and first rotor permanent magnet poles 122 along the circumferential direction.
And one side of the second rotor, which faces the air gap, is uniformly and alternately provided with a second rotor iron core pole 221 and a second rotor permanent magnet pole 222 along the circumferential direction.
That is, permanent magnet poles and iron core poles are arranged on the stator and the rotor on two sides of the air gap, so that a bilateral alternating pole structure is formed.
In the embodiment 1, the first stator permanent magnet pole 112, the second stator permanent magnet pole 212, the first rotor permanent magnet pole 122 and the second rotor permanent magnet pole 222 are preferably surface-mounted permanent magnets. Alternatively, an interior permanent magnet may be used.
The armature winding is wound in a stator slot of the stator, and the specific winding method comprises the following steps: the stator slots of the first stator and the second stator are axially aligned, and the stator slot notches of the first stator and the second stator are axially aligned, so that the armature windings can be uniformly wound in the stator slots of the first stator and the second stator.
In the present embodiment 1, the number Ns =6 of stator slots, and the armature winding is three-phase, i.e., m =3; the armature winding comprises three-phase windings A, B and C, wherein the phase A can be formed by connecting coils A1 and A2 in series or by connecting coils A1 and A2 in parallel; and the phases B and C are analogized in the same way.
An axial air gap is formed between the first stator and the second stator, and the annular direct current excitation winding is arranged in the axial air gap, so that no space constraint exists between the annular direct current excitation winding and the armature winding in the stator slot.
Stator pole pair number p s Number p of pole pairs of rotor r And number p of pole pairs of armature winding a And satisfies the following formula:
p r ＝|p a ±p s |
and p is s ＝k×Ns
Wherein k is a positive integer and Ns is the number of stator slots.
In this embodiment 1, the preferable values are: ns =6 (k = 2), p a ＝2，p s ＝12，p r ＝10。
In order to effectively promote armature winding flux linkage (and further improve the torque density and the power density of the motor), flux linkage generated by the stator permanent magnet pole in the armature winding and flux linkage generated by the rotor permanent magnet pole in the armature winding are superposed in the positive direction, and meanwhile, the armature winding flux linkage generated by the stator and the rotor I and the armature winding flux linkage generated by the stator and the rotor II are superposed in the positive direction. Therefore, the two sets of stators and rotors need to satisfy the following conditions simultaneously:
a. the magnetizing directions (polarities) of the permanent magnet poles of the first stator and the first rotor are the same, and the magnetizing directions (polarities) of the permanent magnet poles of the second stator and the permanent magnet poles of the second rotor are the same.
b. The magnetizing directions (polarities) of the permanent magnet poles of the first stator and the second rotor are opposite, and the first rotor and the second rotor are offset by a pole pitch along the circumferential direction (namely, the central line of the permanent magnet pole of the first rotor is axially aligned with the neutral line of the iron core pole of the second rotor). The first rotor and the second rotor rotate coaxially.
c. The central line of the permanent magnet pole of the first stator is axially aligned with the central line of the permanent magnet pole of the second stator (namely, the central line of the iron core pole of the first stator is axially aligned with the central line of the iron core pole of the second stator)
Fig. 7 is a diagram showing a magnetic flux distribution pattern generated by the rotor permanent magnet alone, and fig. 8 is a diagram showing a magnetic flux distribution pattern generated by the stator permanent magnet alone. Therefore, the permanent magnets on the two sides generate 4-pole magnetic flux on the stator core and are superposed in a positive direction. Thus, the armature winding phase flux linkage is effectively lifted, as shown in fig. 9.
The electric excitation and the permanent magnet of the hybrid excitation brushless motor of the invention are in a parallel magnetic circuit relationship. The main magnetic flux generated by electric excitation passes through a loop of a first stator iron core 113 → a first stator iron core pole 111 → a first air gap (air gap between the first stator iron core and the first rotor iron core) → a first rotor iron core pole 121 → a first rotor iron core 123 → a solid magnetic yoke part (or a magnetic rotating shaft) → a second rotor iron core pole → a second air gap (air gap between the second stator iron core and the second rotor iron core) → a second stator iron core → a magnetic conductive casing (or the solid magnetic yoke part) → a first stator iron core, and is closed without passing through permanent magnetic poles. The magnetic conduction casing (or the solid magnetic conduction yoke part), the rotor solid magnetic conduction yoke part (or the magnetic conduction rotating shaft) and the iron cores on two sides of the air gap provide a low-reluctance path for an electric excitation magnetic field, so that the flexible adjustment of the air gap magnetic field is facilitated, and the risk of irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet is reduced.
Furthermore, the invention realizes the bidirectional regulation of magnetism increase and magnetism weakening in the air gap magnetic field by controlling the current magnitude and direction of the annular direct current excitation winding.
When the magnetization is carried out, the direction of magnetic flux generated on the iron core pole by the electric excitation of the annular direct current excitation winding is opposite to the magnetizing direction (polarity) of the adjacent permanent magnet pole; when the field is weakened, the magnetic flux direction generated on the iron core pole by the electric excitation of the annular direct current excitation winding is the same as the magnetizing direction (polarity) of the adjacent permanent magnet pole.
Furthermore, the stator core and the rotor core are made of magnetic conductive materials. To reduce core losses (improve efficiency), the stator core and the rotor core may be laminated in an axial direction by lamination sheets.
In addition, according to different application occasions and requirements, the number of pole pairs of the armature winding, the stator side alternate poles and the rotor and the specific structural form of each magnetic pole can be flexibly selected. The gap between the first stator and the second stator can be adjusted according to design requirements, and therefore the ampere turns of the annular direct-current excitation winding are adjusted.
Further, the rotor of the present invention may also be an outer rotor.
Example 2 three phases m =3,ns =12 (k = 1), p a ＝2，p s ＝12，p r Example of =10
Basically the same as in example 1, except that: as shown in fig. 10 to 15, the rotating shaft is made of a non-magnetic material, and a solid magnetic yoke is provided inside the rotating shaft.
The armature winding comprises three-phase windings A, B and C, wherein the phase A can be formed by connecting coils A1, A2, A3 and A4 in series, or can be formed by respectively connecting coils A1-A2 and A3-A4 in series and then connecting the coils in parallel; and the phases B and C are analogized in the same way.
The main magnetic flux generated by electric excitation passes through a loop of a first stator iron core → a first stator iron core pole → a first air gap → a first rotor iron core pole → a first rotor iron core → a solid magnetic conductive yoke part of the rotor iron core → a second rotor iron core pole → a second air gap → a second stator iron core pole → a second stator iron core → a second magnetic conductive casing (or solid magnetic conductive yoke part) → a first stator iron core, and is closed without passing through a permanent magnetic pole.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the details of the embodiments, and various equivalent modifications can be made within the technical spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is also within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a bilateral alternating pole type hybrid excitation brushless motor which characterized in that: the permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator-rotor I, a stator-rotor II, an armature winding, an annular direct current excitation winding and a rotating shaft;
the first stator and the second rotor are arranged in parallel along the axial direction of the rotating shaft;
the stator-rotor I comprises a stator I, a rotor I and an air gap arranged between the stator I and the rotor I;
the stator II and the rotor II comprise a stator II, a rotor II and an air gap arranged between the stator II and the rotor II;
the first stator and the second stator form a stator together, and stator iron core poles and stator permanent magnet poles are uniformly and alternately distributed on one sides of the first stator and the second stator facing the air gap along the circumferential direction;
the first rotor and the second rotor jointly form a rotor, and one sides of the first rotor and the second rotor, which face the air gap, are uniformly and alternately distributed with rotor iron core poles and rotor permanent magnet poles along the circumferential direction;
the armature winding is wound in a stator slot of the stator;
an axial air gap is formed between the first stator and the second stator, and the annular direct-current excitation winding is arranged in the axial air gap;
the flux linkage generated by the stator permanent magnet pole in the armature winding and the flux linkage generated by the rotor permanent magnet pole in the armature winding are superposed in the positive direction, and meanwhile, the armature winding flux linkage generated by the stator and the rotor I and the armature winding flux linkage generated by the stator and the rotor II are superposed in the positive direction; therefore, the first stator and the second rotor need to satisfy the following conditions:
a. the polarity of the permanent magnet poles of the first stator and the first rotor is the same, and the polarity of the permanent magnet poles of the second stator and the second rotor is the same;
b. the polarity of the permanent magnet pole in the first stator and rotor is opposite to that of the permanent magnet pole in the second stator and rotor, the first rotor and the second rotor are offset by a pole distance along the circumferential direction, and the first rotor and the second rotor coaxially rotate;
c. the central line of the permanent magnet pole of the first stator is axially aligned with the central line of the permanent magnet pole of the second stator.
2. The double-sided alternating-pole hybrid excitation brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: number of stator pole pairs p s Number of pole pairs p of rotor r And number p of pole pairs of armature winding a And satisfies the following formula:
p r ＝|p a ±p s |
and p is s ＝k×Ns
Wherein k is a positive integer and Ns is the number of stator slots.
3. The double-sided alternating pole type hybrid excitation brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bidirectional regulation of the magnetism increase and the magnetism weakening in the air gap magnetic field is realized by controlling the current magnitude and the current direction of the annular direct current excitation winding.
4. The double-sided alternating-pole hybrid excitation brushless motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: when the magnetism is increased, the direction of magnetic flux generated on the iron core pole by the electric excitation of the annular direct current excitation winding is opposite to the polarity of the adjacent permanent magnet pole; when the magnetic field is weak, the magnetic flux generated on the iron core pole by the electric excitation of the annular direct current excitation winding has the same direction as the polarity of the adjacent permanent magnet pole.
5. The double-sided alternating pole type hybrid excitation brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: and adjusting the size of an axial air gap between the first stator and the second stator according to the required ampere turns of the annular direct-current excitation winding.
6. The double-sided alternating pole type hybrid excitation brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotating shaft is made of a magnetic conductive material or a non-magnetic conductive material; when the rotating shaft adopts a non-magnetic conducting material, a rotor solid magnetic conducting yoke part is also arranged between the rotating shaft and the rotor.
7. The double-sided alternating pole type hybrid excitation brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shell is sleeved on the peripheries of the stator-rotor I and the stator-rotor II and is made of a magnetic material or a non-magnetic material; when the machine shell adopts a non-magnetic material, a solid magnetic yoke part is also arranged between the machine shell and the first stator and the second rotor.
8. The double-sided alternating-pole hybrid excitation brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stator slots of the first stator and the second stator are axially aligned, and the stator slot notches of the first stator and the second stator are axially aligned, so that the armature windings can be uniformly wound in the stator slots of the first stator and the second stator.
9. The double-sided alternating-pole hybrid excitation brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: permanent magnet poles in the stator and the rotor adopt surface-mounted permanent magnets or built-in permanent magnets.
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