CN117239969B - Outer rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents
Outer rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN117239969B CN117239969B CN202311520108.9A CN202311520108A CN117239969B CN 117239969 B CN117239969 B CN 117239969B CN 202311520108 A CN202311520108 A CN 202311520108A CN 117239969 B CN117239969 B CN 117239969B
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of motors, and particularly discloses an outer rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor which comprises an inner stator and an outer rotor, wherein the inner stator comprises a stator core, an armature winding, a stator yoke and a direct current magnetic regulating winding, wherein the stator core is symmetrically arranged, the armature winding is arranged on the stator core, the stator yoke is arranged in the stator core, and the direct current magnetic regulating winding is arranged between the two stator cores; wherein the inner surface of the outer rotor is uniformly provided with memory permanent magnets at intervals along the circumferential direction. According to the invention, after the traditional permanent magnets with alternating poles are replaced by the memory permanent magnets, the combination of the memory permanent magnets and the direct-current magnetic regulating windings can regulate the excitation magnetic field of the motor in real time. In the rated load state, the memory permanent magnet is completely magnetized, and the output performance of the motor system is not affected. In the weak magnetic state, the direct-current magnetic regulating winding is controlled to generate a direct-current pulse magnetic field to regulate the magnetism of the memory permanent magnet, so that the rotating speed range of the motor is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of motors, and particularly discloses an outer rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Background
The alternating pole permanent magnet motor has the characteristics of high utilization rate of permanent magnet materials and the like, and is widely paid attention to the fields such as electric automobiles, aviation power generation and the like.
The traditional alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor mostly adopts an outer stator-inner rotor topology, and rotor permanent magnet poles and iron core poles of the motor are alternately arranged along the circumference to form alternating magnetic poles. In order to inhibit the eddy current loss generated by the air gap harmonic magnetic field on the rotor, the rotor core of the traditional alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor is often laminated by silicon steel sheets, and an additional auxiliary device is required to be added when the rotor permanent magnet is in a high-speed state to protect the rotor from being damaged, so that the application of the alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor in the field of high-speed rotating machinery is greatly limited.
The traditional alternating pole permanent magnet motor is used as a permanent magnet motor, and has the inherent defect that the permanent magnet field is not adjustable. The inherent high permeability characteristics of alternating pole permanent magnet motor cores allow them to be used as an electro-magnetic-permanent magnet hybrid synchronous motor. The magnetic field generated by the electric excitation coil can be used for flexibly adjusting the permanent magnetic field, so that the purposes of enhancing the output performance of the motor, improving the rotating speed range of the motor and the like are achieved. However, when the electric exciting coil generates a continuous magnetic field, serious excitation copper loss exists, the heat load of the motor system is increased, the insulation of the motor can be burnt out when serious, and the reliability of the motor system is reduced. In addition, the non-negligible excitation copper loss reduces the energy conversion efficiency of the motor, and is unfavorable for the efficient operation of the motor system.
Accordingly, the inventors have provided an outer rotor variable flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor in order to solve the above-described problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to improve the topological structure of the alternating pole permanent magnet motor, increase the strength of a rotor and increase the rotating speed range of the motor. In addition, the high-efficiency operation range interval of the motor is widened by flexibly adjusting the no-load magnetic field of the alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the basic scheme of the invention provides an outer rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises an inner stator and an outer rotor, wherein the inner stator comprises symmetrically arranged stator iron cores, armature windings arranged on the stator iron cores, stator yokes arranged in the stator iron cores and direct current magnetic regulating windings arranged between the two stator iron cores.
The outer rotor is arranged outside the inner stator, and memory permanent magnets are uniformly arranged on the inner surface of the outer rotor at intervals along the circumferential direction.
Further, the stator core is made of silicon steel sheets stacked in the axial direction of the outer rotor.
Further, the outer wall of the stator core is of a tooth groove-free structure, and the armature winding is connected to the outer surface of the stator core through pouring epoxy resin, so that physical connection between the armature winding and the stator core is achieved.
Further, the outer wall of the stator core is of a tooth slot structure, and the armature winding is embedded in the tooth slot of the outer wall of the stator core, so that physical connection between the armature winding and the stator core is realized.
Further, the armature winding is a three-phase alternating current winding, and the armature winding adopts a triangle or star connection mode.
Further, the direct current magnetic regulating winding is a concentrated winding.
Further, a first rotor tooth and a first rotor groove are uniformly arranged on one side of the inner surface of the outer rotor at intervals along the circumferential direction, a second rotor tooth and a second rotor groove are uniformly arranged on the other side of the inner surface of the outer rotor at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the memory permanent magnets are respectively arranged in the first rotor groove and the second rotor groove.
Further, the memory permanent magnet has the same axial length as the first rotor groove and the second rotor groove.
Further, the tooth axes of the first rotor tooth and the second rotor tooth are spatially separated by 0 or 180 electrical degrees.
Further, when the motor is in a rated load state, the memory permanent magnet is in a complete magnetization state; when the motor needs to perform weak magnetic speed expansion, the direct current magnetic regulating winding generates a direct current pulse magnetic field with the opposite direction to the memory permanent magnetic field, so that flexible regulation of the permanent magnetic field is realized.
The principle and effect of this scheme lie in:
according to the invention, after the rare earth permanent magnet of the traditional alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor is replaced by the memory permanent magnet, the combination of the memory permanent magnet and the direct current magnetic regulating winding can regulate the excitation magnetic field of the motor in real time. In the rated load state, the memory permanent magnet is completely magnetized, and the output performance of the system is not affected. In the weak magnetic state, the direct-current magnetic regulating winding is controlled to generate a direct-current pulse magnetic field to regulate the magnetism of the memory permanent magnet, so that the rotating speed range of the motor is increased, and the high-efficiency operation range interval of the motor is widened.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural overall view of an external rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 shows a schematic structural exploded view of an external rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a stator core with a tooth slot structure of an outer rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a stator core without a tooth slot structure in an external rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 shows a front view and a cross-sectional view of an external rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein (a) is a front view of the external rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor, and (b) is a cross-sectional view of a section of an external rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor A-A;
fig. 6 shows an assembly schematic diagram of a rotor and a memory permanent magnet in an outer rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a rotor structure of an external rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a radial excitation magnetic circuit generated by a memory permanent magnet of an external rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor in a load working state according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of an axial excitation magnetic circuit generated by a memory permanent magnet of an external rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor in a load working state according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 shows a schematic diagram of an axial exciting magnetic circuit generated by a memory permanent magnet and an axial magnetic circuit generated by a direct-current magnetic regulating winding when the outer rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor is in a transition from a load state to a weak magnetic state.
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention for achieving the intended purpose, the following detailed description will refer to the specific implementation, structure, characteristics and effects according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the stator yoke 1, the stator core 2, the first stator core 2-1, the second stator core 2-2, the memory permanent magnet 3, the first memory permanent magnet 3-1, the second memory permanent magnet 3-2, the outer rotor 4, the first rotor teeth 4-11, the first rotor slots 4-12, the second rotor teeth 4-21, the second rotor slots 4-22, the armature winding 5, the direct current magnetic regulating winding 6, the radial magnetic circuit 7, the axial magnetic circuit 8 and the direct current magnetic regulating winding excitation magnetic circuit 9.
An outer rotor variable flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor, the embodiment of which is shown in fig. 1 and 2: the stator comprises an inner stator and an outer rotor 4, and the whole is represented by an inner stator-outer rotor 4 topology, and the specific steps are as follows:
the stator comprises a stator yoke 1, stator iron cores 2, an armature winding 5 and a direct current magnetic regulating winding 6, wherein the stator yoke 1 is arranged in the stator iron cores 2, the number of the stator iron cores 2 is two, and the two stator iron cores 2 have the same material properties and structural dimensions, so that the stator iron cores are respectively named as a first stator iron core 2-1 and a second stator iron core 2-2 for being convenient for the understanding of the person skilled in the art; the first stator core 2-1 and the second stator core 2-2 are made of silicon steel sheets by lamination along the axial direction of the outer rotor 4, as shown in fig. 3, the first stator core 2-1 and the second stator core 2-2 are of tooth slot structures, of course, the structures of the first stator core 2-1 and the second stator core 2-2 are not limited to this, and as shown in fig. 4, the surfaces of the first stator core 2-1 and the second stator core 2-2 can also have tooth slot structures; the armature winding 5 is a three-phase double-layer distributed short-distance alternating current winding, adopts a Y-shaped connection mode, and can also use other alternating current winding modes; the direct current magnetic regulating winding 6 is a concentrated winding.
As shown in fig. 5, the stator yoke 1, the first stator core 2-1, the second stator core 2-2, the dc magnetically modulated winding 6, the armature winding 5, the memory permanent magnet 3, and the outer rotor 4 are coaxially assembled. And the outer diameter of the stator yoke 1 is equal to the inner diameters of the first stator core 2-1 and the second stator core 2-2. The armature winding 5 is embedded in the outer walls of the first stator iron core 2-1 and the second stator iron core 2-2 or grooves of the outer walls, and when the outer walls of the stator iron cores 2 are of a tooth groove-free structure, the armature winding 5 is connected to the outer surfaces of the stator iron cores 2 through pouring epoxy resin so as to realize physical connection between the armature winding 5 and the stator iron cores 2; when the outer wall of the stator core 2 is of a tooth slot structure, the armature winding 5 is embedded in the tooth slot of the outer wall of the stator core 2, so that the physical connection between the armature winding 5 and the stator core 2 is realized.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, tooth groove structures are uniformly distributed on both sides of the inner surface of the outer rotor 4, so that the outer rotor 4 forms a structural feature including first rotor teeth 4-11, first rotor grooves 4-12, second rotor teeth 4-21 and second rotor grooves 4-22, wherein the first rotor teeth 4-11 and the first rotor grooves 4-12 are alternately arranged along the circumference, the second rotor teeth 4-21 and the second rotor grooves 4-22 are alternately arranged along the circumference, and the axes of the first rotor teeth 4-11 and the second rotor teeth 4-21 are different by 0 or 180 electrical degrees to improve the energy storage density of the permanent magnet motor. The two memory permanent magnets 3 have identical material properties and structural dimensions, and are named as a first memory permanent magnet 3-1 and a second memory permanent magnet 3-2 for the convenience of understanding of those skilled in the art, the memory permanent magnets 3 are in a tile structure, the first memory permanent magnet 3-1 is connected with the first rotor groove 4-12 by adhesive, and the second memory permanent magnet 3-2 is connected with the second rotor groove 4-22 by adhesive. The outer rotor 4 is formed by forging a whole steel material with good magnetic conductivity, and the outer rotor 4 is of an integrated structure, so that the strength of the outer rotor 4 is increased to meet the requirement of higher rotating speed.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, when the motor is in the rated load state, no current flows in the dc modulated winding 6, and the memory permanent magnet 3 is in the fully magnetized state. The radial magnetic circuit 7 generated by the memory permanent magnet 3 is shown in fig. 8, and the axial magnetic circuit 8 generated by the memory permanent magnet 3 is shown in fig. 10. Wherein the radial magnetic circuit 7 is the working magnetic circuit of the motor, and the axial magnetic circuit 8 is the leakage magnetic circuit.
As shown in fig. 10, in the process of converting the motor from the load state to the weak magnetic state, the direct current modulation winding 6 generates a direct current pulse magnetic field opposite to the direction of the memory permanent magnetic field to regulate the air gap magnetic field. The direct current magnetism regulating winding excitation magnetic circuit 9 generated by the direct current magnetism regulating winding 6 is shown in fig. 10, and the axial magnetic circuit 8 generated by the memory permanent magnet 3 is shown in fig. 10. The direct current magnetic field is used for adjusting the permanent magnetic field so as to achieve the purpose of weakening the permanent magnetic field.
According to the invention, the structure of the traditional alternating pole permanent magnet motor is changed, and the outer rotor-inner stator topology is adopted, so that the strength of the rotor is increased, and the rotating speed range is improved. In addition, after the rare earth permanent magnet of the traditional alternating pole permanent magnet motor is replaced by the memory permanent magnet 3, the combination of the memory permanent magnet 3 and the direct current magnetic regulating winding 6 can regulate the excitation magnetic field of the motor in real time. In the rated load state, the memory permanent magnet 3 is completely magnetized, and the output performance of the system is not affected. In the weak magnetic state, the memory permanent magnet 3 is subjected to magnetic modulation treatment by controlling the direct current magnetic modulation winding 6 to generate a direct current pulse magnetic field, so that the high-efficiency operation interval of the motor is increased.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but is capable of modification and variation in detail, and other modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An outer rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor is characterized by comprising an inner stator and an outer rotor:
the stator comprises stator cores which are symmetrically arranged, armature windings which are arranged on the stator cores, stator yokes which are arranged in the stator cores and direct current magnetic regulating windings which are arranged between the two stator cores;
the outer rotor is arranged outside the inner stator, and memory permanent magnets are uniformly arranged on the inner surface of the outer rotor at intervals along the circumferential direction; a first rotor tooth and a first rotor groove are uniformly arranged on one side of the inner surface of the outer rotor at intervals along the circumferential direction, a second rotor tooth and a second rotor groove are uniformly arranged on the other side of the inner surface of the outer rotor at intervals along the circumferential direction, the axial line of the first rotor tooth and the axial line of the second rotor tooth differ by 0 or 180 electrical degrees, and the memory permanent magnet is respectively arranged in the first rotor groove and the second rotor groove;
when the motor is in a rated load state, the memory permanent magnet is in a complete magnetization state; when the motor needs to be driven in a wide speed range or generate power in a constant voltage mode, the direct-current magnetic regulating winding generates a direct-current pulse magnetic field with the opposite direction to the magnetic field of the memory permanent magnet, and therefore the magnetic field intensity generated by the memory permanent magnet is flexibly regulated.
2. The outer rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the stator core is made of silicon steel sheets laminated in an axial direction of the outer rotor.
3. The outer rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer wall of the stator core is of a tooth-slot-free structure, and the armature winding is connected to the outer surface of the stator core through casting epoxy resin, so that physical connection between the armature winding and the stator core is achieved.
4. The outer rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer wall of the stator core is of a tooth slot structure, and the armature winding is embedded in the tooth slot of the outer wall of the stator core so as to realize physical connection between the armature winding and the stator core.
5. The outer rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor of claim 4, wherein the direct current magnetically modulated winding is a concentrated winding.
6. The outer rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor of claim 1, wherein the memory permanent magnet has the same axial length as the first rotor slot and the second rotor slot.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311520108.9A CN117239969B (en) | 2023-11-15 | 2023-11-15 | Outer rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311520108.9A CN117239969B (en) | 2023-11-15 | 2023-11-15 | Outer rotor variable magnetic flux alternating pole permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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| CN117239969A CN117239969A (en) | 2023-12-15 |
| CN117239969B true CN117239969B (en) | 2024-03-15 |
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| CN117239969A (en) | 2023-12-15 |
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