CN113480907A - Preparation method of spherical stain-resistant pin insulator - Google Patents
Preparation method of spherical stain-resistant pin insulator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a spherical stain-resistant pin insulator, which relates to the technical field of insulators and comprises the following steps: preparing an insulator body; preparing a stain-resistant coating: drying the modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide, the modified nano silicon nitride and the modified mica powder; adding dried modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide, modified nano silicon nitride and modified mica powder into organic silicon modified acrylic resin, uniformly mixing, then grinding, continuously adding modified polytetrafluoroethylene wax emulsion, and uniformly mixing to obtain a first mixture; adding aluminum borate whiskers, nano microcrystalline cellulose and glass beads into the modified styrene-acrylic emulsion, uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture, uniformly mixing the first mixture and the second mixture, and then adding methyl tributyl ketoxime silane and ethyl acetate to obtain the anti-fouling coating; and coating the pollution-resistant coating on the insulator body. The insulator has the beneficial effects that the insulator prepared by the method has a stain resistant effect and is not easy to cause pollution flashover.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of insulators, in particular to a preparation method of a spherical stain-resistant pin insulator.
Background
Insulators are devices that can withstand the action of voltage and mechanical stress, mounted between conductors of different electrical potentials or between a conductor and a grounded member. The main function of the insulator is to achieve electrical insulation and mechanical fixation, for which various electrical and mechanical properties are specified. Under the action of specified operating voltage, lightning overvoltage and internal overvoltage, breakdown or flashover along the surface does not occur; under the action of specified long-term and short-term mechanical load, no damage and damage are generated; no obvious deterioration after long-term operation under the specified mechanical and electrical loads and various environmental conditions; the insulator hardware does not generate obvious corona discharge phenomenon under the operation voltage so as to avoid the interference of the radio or television reception. Since the insulator is a device used in large numbers, interchangeability is also required for its connection fitting. In addition, the technical standards of insulators also require various tests of electrical, mechanical, physical and environmental condition variations, depending on the model and the conditions of use, in order to verify the performance and quality of the insulators. Insulators are various in types and shapes. Although the structures and the shapes of different types of insulators are greatly different, the insulators are composed of two parts, namely an insulating part and a connecting hardware fitting.
The insulator is a special insulating control and can play an important role in an overhead transmission line. Early-year insulators are mostly used for telegraph poles, and a plurality of disc-shaped insulators are hung at one end of a high-voltage wire connecting tower which is gradually developed, are used for increasing creepage distance and are usually made of glass or ceramics, namely insulators. The insulator should not fail due to various electromechanical stresses caused by changes in environmental and electrical loading conditions, otherwise the insulator will not function significantly and will compromise the service and operational life of the entire line.
The insulator can be divided into a suspension insulator and a post insulator according to different installation modes; according to the difference of the used insulating materials, the insulator can be divided into a porcelain insulator, a glass insulator and a composite insulator (also called a composite insulator); according to different use voltage grades, the insulator can be divided into a low-voltage insulator and a high-voltage insulator; according to different use environmental conditions, deriving a pollution-resistant insulator used in a polluted area; according to different types of the used voltage, deriving a direct current insulator; there are various insulators for special purposes such as insulating cross arms, semi-conductor glaze insulators, tension insulators for power distribution, bobbin insulators, and wiring insulators. In addition, the insulator may be classified into an a-type insulator, i.e., a non-breakdown insulator, and a B-type insulator, i.e., a breakdown insulator, according to the breakdown possibility of the insulator.
In a natural environment, various floating dust particles in the atmosphere are attracted by electric field force or deposited on the surface of the porcelain insulator under the action of gravity when passing through the insulator, the surface of the porcelain insulator belongs to a hydrophilic glaze surface, the surface smoothness is not enough, the surface and the pollution are easy to accumulate, and meanwhile, the appearance structure of the porcelain insulator is easy to influence airflow when wind blows, so that various kinds of flying dust are accumulated. The specific components of the contamination vary with the area in which the insulator is located. However, they can be classified into two groups, i.e., a water-soluble conductive substance and a water-insoluble inert substance. In a natural environment, the surface of the porcelain insulator is repeatedly subjected to the accumulation of a dirt layer and the natural cleaning process of strong wind and rain, and a certain dirt layer and the surface of the insulator usually remain. Due to the geographical position of western regions and the particularity of climate, the weather of heavy wind, sand, dust, snow and fog can occur in spring every year, and sandy soil with high saline-alkali content forms a thick layer of conductive medium on the surface of the insulator, so that the insulator can be tripped in a flashover manner in a large area.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve at least one technical problem in the prior art and provides a preparation method of a spherical pollution-resistant pin insulator.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a spherical stain-resistant pin insulator comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing an insulator body;
s2, preparing the stain-resistant coating, which comprises the following steps:
a. weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of organic silicon modified acrylic resin, 20-30 parts of modified styrene-acrylic emulsion, 4-8 parts of modified polytetrafluoroethylene wax emulsion, 1-3 parts of modified nano silicon nitride, 1-3 parts of modified mica powder, 2-4 parts of modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide, 0.5-2.5 parts of aluminum borate whisker, 0.5-1.5 parts of nano microcrystalline cellulose, 1-5 parts of glass microsphere, 2-6 parts of methyl tributyl ketoxime silane and 30-40 parts of ethyl acetate;
b. drying the modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide, the modified nano silicon nitride and the modified mica powder at the temperature of 80-90 ℃ for 1-2 hours; adding dried modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide, modified nano silicon nitride and modified mica powder into organic silicon modified acrylic resin, uniformly mixing, then grinding until the fineness is less than or equal to 5 mu m, continuously adding the modified polytetrafluoroethylene wax emulsion, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture I;
c. adding the aluminum borate whisker, the nano microcrystalline cellulose and the glass beads into the modified styrene-acrylic emulsion, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture;
d. uniformly mixing the mixture I and the mixture II, and then adding methyl tributyl ketoxime silane and ethyl acetate to prepare the anti-fouling coating;
s3, coating the stain-resistant coating on the insulator body, heating to 360-400 ℃ at a temperature rising speed of 20-30 ℃/min, maintaining for 2-3 h, and cooling to normal temperature at a temperature falling speed of 10-20 ℃/min.
In a specific mode of the invention, the preparation method of the organic silicon modified acrylic resin comprises the following steps: dissolving 10g of orthosilicate in 4mL of ethanol, adding 0.01mL of dilute acid, and hydrolyzing at 70-90 ℃ for 1-3 hours; then carrying out polycondensation for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 160-170 ℃ under the vacuum condition to obtain an organic silicon oligomer; after 5g of organic silicon oligomer, 70g of methyl methacrylate monomer, 5g of 3-methacryloxy trimethoxysilane and 0.2g of benzoyl peroxide are dissolved, the mixture is added into dimethylbenzene with the temperature of 140-150 ℃ for polymerization for 2-5 hours, and the organic silicon modified acrylate resin is prepared.
In a specific mode of the invention, the modified styrene-acrylic emulsion is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 1-3 parts of perfluorooctyl triethoxysilane, 2-6 parts of polydimethylsiloxane and 2-6 parts of modified nano silicon dioxide.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the modified styrene-acrylic emulsion comprises: uniformly mixing the styrene-acrylic emulsion, perfluorooctyl triethoxysilane and polydimethylsiloxane, adding the modified nano silicon dioxide at a stirring speed of 1500-1800 r/min, uniformly stirring, and grinding until the fineness is less than or equal to 3 mu m; and (3) placing the ground slurry at 80-90 ℃, preserving heat, stirring for 1-3 h, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified styrene-acrylic emulsion.
In a specific mode of the invention, the preparation of the modified nano silicon nitride comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the modified nano silicon nitride comprises the following steps: adding silicon nitride into a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol, an aminosilane coupling agent and water, wherein the mass fraction ratio of the mixed solution of the silicon nitride, the absolute ethyl alcohol, the aminosilane coupling agent and the water is 1:5:2:1, stirring, performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a silicon nitride dispersion solution, heating, performing heat preservation reaction at 72-76 ℃, filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain amino functionalized modified nano silicon nitride powder, performing ultrasonic dispersion on the obtained amino functionalized modified nano silicon nitride powder into N, N-dimethylformamide, wherein the mass ratio of the amino functionalized modified nano silicon nitride powder to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1:1.5, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the modified nano silicon nitride.
In a specific mode of the invention, the preparation method of the modified mica powder comprises the following steps: adding 8-10 g of mica powder into 50-55 mL of distilled water, placing the mixture in an ice-water bath condition, stirring the mixture while adding 5-5.5 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid, and dripping 8-10 mL of TiCl4Adding 8-10 mL of sulfur into the solutionMixing and stirring the ammonium acid solution, heating the mixture to 90-95 ℃ in a water bath, and preserving the heat for 40-50 min; and then dropwise adding the prepared ammonia water solution until the pH value is 7-7.2, filtering, washing and drying at 80-90 ℃ to obtain the modified mica powder.
In a specific mode of the invention, the preparation of the modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide comprises the following steps: mixing hydrated silicon dioxide with absolute ethyl alcohol, slowly adding vinyltriethoxysilane, uniformly mixing, adjusting the pH to 7-8, stirring at constant temperature of 35-45 ℃ for 15-25 h, cooling to room temperature, centrifuging, drying at 55-65 ℃ in vacuum, and grinding to obtain modified hydrated silicon dioxide; wherein 1ml of absolute ethanol is mixed with 1g of hydrated silicon dioxide; 0.1ml of vinyltriethoxysilane was added per 1g of hydrated silica.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the contamination-resistant coating is coated on the insulator body, and then the temperature is raised to 380 ℃ at a temperature rising rate of 25 ℃/min and maintained for 2 hours, and then the temperature is lowered to normal temperature at a temperature lowering rate of 15 ℃/min.
The invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, organosilicon modified acrylic resin, modified styrene-acrylic emulsion, modified polytetrafluoroethylene wax emulsion, modified nano silicon nitride, modified mica powder, modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide, aluminum borate whisker, nano microcrystalline cellulose, glass microsphere, methyl tributyl ketoxime silane, ethyl acetate and the like are compounded, the surface energy of the acrylic resin is reduced by modifying the acrylic resin, the surface energy of the coating can be reduced by the combined action of the modified acrylic resin, the modified styrene-acrylic emulsion, the polytetrafluoroethylene wax emulsion and the like, the hydrophobicity of the coating is improved, and the insulator has a stain resistant effect. The invention also modifies the nano silicon nitride, the nano hydrated silicon dioxide and the mica powder, thereby not only reducing the agglomeration among the raw materials, but also enabling the nano silicon nitride, the nano hydrated silicon dioxide, the mica powder and the like to be uniformly dispersed on the surface of the insulator; meanwhile, the modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide and mica powder have a hydrophobic effect, so that the pollution resistance effect of the insulator is improved; the aluminum acid whisker, the nano microcrystalline cellulose and the like are beneficial to the combination of the coating and the insulator body, can realize synergistic enhancement with the silicon nitride, the nano hydrated silicon dioxide and the mica powder, and obviously improve the mechanical property and the wear resistance of the finally obtained insulator. Therefore, the insulator has a stain-resistant effect by compounding the raw materials to form the coating and coating the coating on the surface of the insulator. Tests prove that the insulator has an anti-pollution effect, when the insulator is used, a coating formed by the coating is clean and tidy in appearance, free of flowing, peeling, bubbling, wrinkling and falling, excellent in surface hydrophobic performance, and firm in combination with the surface of the porcelain bushing, can normally operate in rain, fog and heavy pollution environments, and achieves an expected anti-pollution flashover effect.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of a spherical stain-resistant pin insulator comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing an insulator body;
s2, preparing the stain-resistant coating, which comprises the following steps:
a. weighing 30 parts of organic silicon modified acrylic resin, 20 parts of modified styrene-acrylic emulsion, 4 parts of modified polytetrafluoroethylene wax emulsion, 1 part of modified nano silicon nitride, 1 part of modified mica powder, 2 parts of modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide, 0.5 part of aluminum borate whisker, 0.5 part of nano microcrystalline cellulose, 1 part of glass microsphere, 2 parts of methyl tributyl ketoxime silane and 30 parts of ethyl acetate;
the modification method of the organic silicon modified acrylic resin comprises the following steps: dissolving 10g of orthosilicate ester in 4mL of ethanol, adding 0.01mL of diluted acid, and hydrolyzing at 70 ℃ for 3 hours; then carrying out polycondensation for 2 hours at 160 ℃ under the vacuum condition to obtain organic silicon oligomer; 5g of organic silicon oligomer, 70g of methyl methacrylate monomer, 5g of 3-methacryloxy trimethoxysilane and 0.2g of benzoyl peroxide are dissolved, added into dimethylbenzene with the temperature of 140 ℃ and polymerized for 5 hours to prepare the organic silicon modified acrylate resin.
The modified styrene-acrylic emulsion is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 1 part of perfluorooctyl triethoxysilane, 2 parts of polydimethylsiloxane and 2 parts of modified nano silicon dioxide; the preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the styrene-acrylic emulsion, perfluorooctyl triethoxysilane and polydimethylsiloxane, adding the modified nano silicon dioxide at a stirring speed of 1500r/min, uniformly stirring, and grinding until the fineness is less than or equal to 3 mu m; and (3) placing the ground slurry at 80 ℃, preserving heat, stirring for 1h, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified styrene-acrylic emulsion.
The preparation method of the modified nano silicon nitride comprises the following steps: adding silicon nitride into a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol, an aminosilane coupling agent and water, wherein the mass fraction ratio of the mixed solution of the silicon nitride, the absolute ethyl alcohol, the aminosilane coupling agent and the water is 1:5:2:1, stirring, performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a silicon nitride dispersion solution, heating, performing heat preservation reaction at 72 ℃, filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain amino functionalized modified nano silicon nitride powder, performing ultrasonic dispersion on the obtained amino functionalized modified nano silicon nitride powder into N, N-dimethylformamide, wherein the mass ratio of the amino functionalized modified nano silicon nitride powder to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1:1.5, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the modified nano silicon nitride.
Adding 8g of mica powder into 50mL of distilled water, placing the mixture in an ice-water bath condition, adding 5mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid while stirring, and dripping 8mL of TiCl4Continuing adding 8mL of ammonium sulfate solution into the solution, mixing and stirring, heating the mixture to 90 ℃ in a water bath, and preserving heat for 40 min; then dropwise adding the prepared ammonia water solution until the pH value is 7, filtering, washing and drying at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the modified mica powder.
The preparation method of the modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide comprises the following steps: mixing hydrated silicon dioxide with absolute ethyl alcohol, slowly adding vinyl triethoxysilane, uniformly mixing, adjusting pH to 7, stirring at constant temperature of 35 ℃ for 15h, cooling to room temperature, centrifuging, vacuum drying at 55 ℃, and grinding to obtain modified hydrated silicon dioxide; wherein 1ml of absolute ethanol is mixed with 1g of hydrated silicon dioxide; 0.1ml of vinyltriethoxysilane is added per 1g of hydrated silica
b. Drying the modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide, the modified nano silicon nitride and the modified mica powder at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 1-2 hours; adding dried modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide, modified nano silicon nitride and modified mica powder into organic silicon modified acrylic resin, uniformly mixing, then grinding until the fineness is less than or equal to 5 mu m, continuously adding the modified polytetrafluoroethylene wax emulsion, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture I;
c. adding the aluminum borate whisker, the nano microcrystalline cellulose and the glass beads into the modified styrene-acrylic emulsion, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture;
d. uniformly mixing the mixture I and the mixture II, and then adding methyl tributyl ketoxime silane and ethyl acetate to prepare the anti-fouling coating;
s3, coating the stain-resistant coating on the insulator body, heating to 360 ℃ at a heating rate of 20 ℃/min, maintaining for 2h, and cooling to normal temperature at a cooling rate of 10 ℃/min.
Example 2
A preparation method of a spherical stain-resistant pin insulator comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing an insulator body;
s2, preparing the stain-resistant coating, which comprises the following steps:
a. weighing 40 parts of organic silicon modified acrylic resin, 25 parts of modified styrene-acrylic emulsion, 6 parts of modified polytetrafluoroethylene wax emulsion, 2 parts of modified nano silicon nitride, 2 parts of modified mica powder, 3 parts of modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide, 2 parts of aluminum borate whisker, 1 part of nano microcrystalline cellulose, 3 parts of glass microsphere, 4 parts of methyl tributyl ketoxime silane and 35 parts of ethyl acetate;
the modification method of the organic silicon modified acrylic resin comprises the following steps: dissolving 10g of orthosilicate ester in 4mL of ethanol, adding 0.01mL of diluted acid, and hydrolyzing at 80 ℃ for 2 hours; then carrying out polycondensation for 1.5 hours at 165 ℃ under the vacuum condition to obtain organic silicon oligomer; 5g of organic silicon oligomer, 70g of methyl methacrylate monomer, 5g of 3-methacryloxy trimethoxysilane and 0.2g of benzoyl peroxide are dissolved, added into dimethylbenzene with the temperature of 145 ℃ and polymerized for 3.5 hours to prepare the organic silicon modified acrylate resin.
The modified styrene-acrylic emulsion is prepared from the following raw materials: 65 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 2 parts of perfluorooctyl triethoxysilane, 4 parts of polydimethylsiloxane and 4 parts of modified nano silicon dioxide; the preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the styrene-acrylic emulsion, perfluorooctyl triethoxysilane and polydimethylsiloxane, adding the modified nano silicon dioxide at a stirring speed of 1600r/min, uniformly stirring, and grinding until the fineness is less than or equal to 3 mu m; and (3) placing the ground slurry at 85 ℃, preserving heat, stirring for 2h, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified styrene-acrylic emulsion.
The preparation method of the modified nano silicon nitride comprises the following steps: adding silicon nitride into a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol, an aminosilane coupling agent and water, wherein the mass fraction ratio of the mixed solution of the silicon nitride, the absolute ethyl alcohol, the aminosilane coupling agent and the water is 1:5:2:1, stirring, performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a silicon nitride dispersion solution, heating, performing heat preservation reaction at 74 ℃, filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain amino functionalized modified nano silicon nitride powder, performing ultrasonic dispersion on the obtained amino functionalized modified nano silicon nitride powder into N, N-dimethylformamide, wherein the mass ratio of the amino functionalized modified nano silicon nitride powder to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1:1.5, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the modified nano silicon nitride.
Adding 9g mica powder into 52mL distilled water, placing in ice water bath, adding 5.2mL concentrated hydrochloric acid while stirring, and dripping 9mL TiCl4Continuing adding 9mL of ammonium sulfate solution into the solution, mixing and stirring, heating the mixture to 92 ℃ in a water bath, and preserving heat for 45 min; then dropwise adding the prepared ammonia water solution until the pH value is 7.1, filtering, washing and drying at 85 ℃ to obtain the modified mica powder.
The preparation method of the modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide comprises the following steps: mixing hydrated silicon dioxide with absolute ethyl alcohol, slowly adding vinyl triethoxysilane, uniformly mixing, adjusting pH to 7.5, stirring at constant temperature of 40 ℃ for 20h, cooling to room temperature, centrifuging, vacuum drying at 60 ℃, and grinding to obtain modified hydrated silicon dioxide; wherein 1ml of absolute ethanol is mixed with 1g of hydrated silicon dioxide; 0.1ml of vinyltriethoxysilane is added per 1g of hydrated silica
b. Drying the modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide, the modified nano silicon nitride and the modified mica powder at the temperature of 85 ℃ for 1.5 hours; adding dried modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide, modified nano silicon nitride and modified mica powder into organic silicon modified acrylic resin, uniformly mixing, then grinding until the fineness is less than or equal to 5 mu m, continuously adding the modified polytetrafluoroethylene wax emulsion, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture I;
c. adding the aluminum borate whisker, the nano microcrystalline cellulose and the glass beads into the modified styrene-acrylic emulsion, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture;
d. uniformly mixing the mixture I and the mixture II, and then adding methyl tributyl ketoxime silane and ethyl acetate to prepare the anti-fouling coating;
s3, coating the stain-resistant coating on the insulator body, heating to 380 ℃ at a heating rate of 25 ℃/min, maintaining for 2.5h, and cooling to normal temperature at a cooling rate of 15 ℃/min.
Example 3
A preparation method of a spherical stain-resistant pin insulator comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing an insulator body;
s2, preparing the stain-resistant coating, which comprises the following steps:
a. weighing 50 parts of organic silicon modified acrylic resin, 30 parts of modified styrene-acrylic emulsion, 8 parts of modified polytetrafluoroethylene wax emulsion, 3 parts of modified nano silicon nitride, 3 parts of modified mica powder, 4 parts of modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide, 2.5 parts of aluminum borate whisker, 1.5 parts of nano microcrystalline cellulose, 5 parts of glass microsphere, 6 parts of methyl tributyl ketoxime silane and 40 parts of ethyl acetate;
the modification method of the organic silicon modified acrylic resin comprises the following steps: dissolving 10g of orthosilicate ester in 4mL of ethanol, adding 0.01mL of diluted acid, and hydrolyzing at 90 ℃ for 1 hour; then carrying out polycondensation for 1 hour at 170 ℃ under a vacuum condition to obtain an organic silicon oligomer; 5g of organic silicon oligomer, 70g of methyl methacrylate monomer, 5g of 3-methacryloxy trimethoxysilane and 0.2g of benzoyl peroxide are dissolved, added into dimethylbenzene with the temperature of 150 ℃ and polymerized for 2 hours to prepare the organic silicon modified acrylate resin.
The modified styrene-acrylic emulsion is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 3 parts of perfluorooctyl triethoxysilane, 6 parts of polydimethylsiloxane and 6 parts of modified nano silicon dioxide; the preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the perfluorooctyl triethoxysilane and the polydimethylsiloxane, adding the modified nano silicon dioxide at a stirring speed of 1800r/min, uniformly stirring, and grinding until the fineness is less than or equal to 3 mu m; and (3) placing the ground slurry at 90 ℃, preserving heat, stirring for 3h, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified styrene-acrylic emulsion.
The preparation method of the modified nano silicon nitride comprises the following steps: adding silicon nitride into a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol, an aminosilane coupling agent and water, wherein the mass fraction ratio of the mixed solution of the silicon nitride, the absolute ethyl alcohol, the aminosilane coupling agent and the water is 1:5:2:1, stirring, performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a silicon nitride dispersion solution, heating, performing heat preservation reaction at 76 ℃, filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain amino functionalized modified nano silicon nitride powder, performing ultrasonic dispersion on the obtained amino functionalized modified nano silicon nitride powder into N, N-dimethylformamide, wherein the mass ratio of the amino functionalized modified nano silicon nitride powder to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1:1.5, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the modified nano silicon nitride.
Adding 10g mica powder into 55mL distilled water, placing in ice water bath, adding 5.5mL concentrated hydrochloric acid while stirring, and dripping 10mL TiCl4Continuously adding 10mL of ammonium sulfate solution into the solution, mixing and stirring, heating the mixture to 95 ℃ in a water bath, and keeping the temperature for 50 min; then dropwise adding the prepared ammonia water solution until the pH value is 7.2, filtering, washing and drying at 90 ℃ to obtain the modified mica powder.
The preparation method of the modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide comprises the following steps: mixing hydrated silicon dioxide with absolute ethyl alcohol, slowly adding vinyl triethoxysilane, uniformly mixing, adjusting pH to 8, stirring at constant temperature of 45 ℃ for 25h, cooling to room temperature, centrifuging, vacuum drying at 65 ℃, and grinding to obtain modified hydrated silicon dioxide; wherein 1ml of absolute ethanol is mixed with 1g of hydrated silicon dioxide; 0.1ml of vinyltriethoxysilane is added per 1g of hydrated silica
b. Drying the modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide, the modified nano silicon nitride and the modified mica powder at the temperature of 90 ℃ for 2 hours; adding dried modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide, modified nano silicon nitride and modified mica powder into organic silicon modified acrylic resin, uniformly mixing, then grinding until the fineness is less than or equal to 5 mu m, continuously adding the modified polytetrafluoroethylene wax emulsion, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture I;
c. adding the aluminum borate whisker, the nano microcrystalline cellulose and the glass beads into the modified styrene-acrylic emulsion, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture;
d. uniformly mixing the mixture I and the mixture II, and then adding methyl tributyl ketoxime silane and ethyl acetate to prepare the anti-fouling coating;
s3, coating the stain-resistant coating on the insulator body, heating to 400 ℃ at the temperature rising speed of 30 ℃/min, maintaining for 3h, and cooling to normal temperature at the temperature falling speed of 20 ℃/min.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that: in step S2, unmodified acrylic resin, styrene-acrylic emulsion, polytetrafluoroethylene wax emulsion, nano silicon nitride, mica powder and nano hydrated silicon dioxide are adopted.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that: modified polytetrafluoroethylene wax emulsion, modified nano silicon nitride, modified mica powder and aluminum borate crystal whisker are not added.
The rest is the same as example 1.
The insulators prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were tested, and the test methods and results are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1, the insulators prepared in examples 1 to 3 have contact angles of more than 150 ° on the surface, adhesion of 1 grade, and contact angles of more than 150 ° in the abrasion resistance test, and have the effects of chemical reagent resistance and oil resistance, so that the insulators prepared in examples 1 to 3 have the function of resisting contamination. Comparing examples 1-3 with comparative examples 1-2, it can be seen that the contact angles of examples 1-3 in various tests are all larger than those of comparative example 1 (acrylic resin, styrene-acrylic emulsion, polytetrafluoroethylene wax emulsion, nano silicon nitride, mica powder and nano hydrated silica are not modified), and comparative example 2 (modified polytetrafluoroethylene wax emulsion, modified nano silicon nitride, modified mica powder and aluminum borate whisker are not added), so as to indicate whether the acrylic resin, the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the polytetrafluoroethylene wax emulsion, the nano silicon nitride, the mica powder and the nano hydrated silica are modified, and whether the modified polytetrafluoroethylene wax emulsion, the modified nano silicon nitride, the modified mica powder and the aluminum borate whisker are added, which all affect the stain resistance effect and the wear resistance effect of the insulator.
The above are merely characteristic embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. All technical solutions formed by equivalent exchanges or equivalent substitutions fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the spherical stain-resistant pin insulator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing an insulator body;
s2, preparing the stain-resistant coating, which comprises the following steps:
a. weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of organic silicon modified acrylic resin, 20-30 parts of modified styrene-acrylic emulsion, 4-8 parts of modified polytetrafluoroethylene wax emulsion, 1-3 parts of modified nano silicon nitride, 1-3 parts of modified mica powder, 2-4 parts of modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide, 0.5-2.5 parts of aluminum borate whisker, 0.5-1.5 parts of nano microcrystalline cellulose, 1-5 parts of glass microsphere, 2-6 parts of methyl tributyl ketoxime silane and 30-40 parts of ethyl acetate;
b. drying the modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide, the modified nano silicon nitride and the modified mica powder at the temperature of 80-90 ℃ for 1-2 hours; adding dried modified nano hydrated silicon dioxide, modified nano silicon nitride and modified mica powder into organic silicon modified acrylic resin, uniformly mixing, then grinding until the fineness is less than or equal to 5 mu m, continuously adding the modified polytetrafluoroethylene wax emulsion, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture I;
c. adding the aluminum borate whisker, the nano microcrystalline cellulose and the glass beads into the modified styrene-acrylic emulsion, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture;
d. uniformly mixing the mixture I and the mixture II, and then adding methyl tributyl ketoxime silane and ethyl acetate to prepare the anti-fouling coating;
s3, coating the stain-resistant coating on the insulator body, heating to 360-400 ℃ at a temperature rising speed of 20-30 ℃/min, maintaining for 2-3 h, and cooling to normal temperature at a temperature falling speed of 10-20 ℃/min.
2. The method for preparing the ball type stain-resistant pin insulator according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the organosilicon modified acrylic resin comprises the following steps: dissolving 10g of orthosilicate in 4mL of ethanol, adding 0.01mL of dilute acid, and hydrolyzing at 70-90 ℃ for 1-3 hours; then carrying out polycondensation for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 160-170 ℃ under the vacuum condition to obtain an organic silicon oligomer; after 5g of organic silicon oligomer, 70g of methyl methacrylate monomer, 5g of 3-methacryloxy trimethoxysilane and 0.2g of benzoyl peroxide are dissolved, the mixture is added into dimethylbenzene with the temperature of 140-150 ℃ for polymerization for 2-5 hours, and the organic silicon modified acrylate resin is prepared.
3. The preparation method of the ball type stain-resistant pin insulator according to claim 1, wherein the modified styrene-acrylic emulsion is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 1-3 parts of perfluorooctyl triethoxysilane, 2-6 parts of polydimethylsiloxane and 2-6 parts of modified nano silicon dioxide.
4. The method for preparing the ball type contamination-resistant pin insulator according to claim 3, wherein the method for preparing the modified styrene-acrylic emulsion comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the styrene-acrylic emulsion, perfluorooctyl triethoxysilane and polydimethylsiloxane, adding the modified nano silicon dioxide at a stirring speed of 1500-1800 r/min, uniformly stirring, and grinding until the fineness is less than or equal to 3 mu m; and (3) placing the ground slurry at 80-90 ℃, preserving heat, stirring for 1-3 h, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified styrene-acrylic emulsion.
5. The method for preparing the ball type contamination-resistant pin insulator according to claim 1, wherein the preparation of the modified nano silicon nitride comprises the following steps: adding silicon nitride into a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol, an aminosilane coupling agent and water, wherein the mass fraction ratio of the mixed solution of the silicon nitride, the absolute ethyl alcohol, the aminosilane coupling agent and the water is 1:5:2:1, stirring, performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a silicon nitride dispersion solution, heating, performing heat preservation reaction at 72-76 ℃, filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain amino functionalized modified nano silicon nitride powder, performing ultrasonic dispersion on the obtained amino functionalized modified nano silicon nitride powder into N, N-dimethylformamide, wherein the mass ratio of the amino functionalized modified nano silicon nitride powder to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1:1.5, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the modified nano silicon nitride.
6. The method for preparing a ball type contamination-resistant pin insulator according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the modified mica powder comprises: adding 8-10 g of mica powder into 50-55 mL of distilled water, placing the mixture in an ice-water bath condition, stirring the mixture while adding 5-5.5 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid, and dripping 8-10 mL of TiCl4Continuously adding 8-10 mL of ammonium sulfate solution into the solution, mixing and stirring, heating the mixture to 90-95 ℃ in a water bath, and preserving heat for 40-50 min; and then dropwise adding the prepared ammonia water solution until the pH value is 7-7.2, filtering, washing and drying at 80-90 ℃ to obtain the modified mica powder.
7. The method for preparing the ball type pollution-resistant pin insulator according to claim 1, wherein the preparation of the modified nano hydrated silica comprises the following steps: mixing hydrated silicon dioxide with absolute ethyl alcohol, slowly adding vinyltriethoxysilane, uniformly mixing, adjusting the pH to 7-8, stirring at constant temperature of 35-45 ℃ for 15-25 h, cooling to room temperature, centrifuging, drying at 55-65 ℃ in vacuum, and grinding to obtain modified hydrated silicon dioxide; wherein 1ml of absolute ethanol is mixed with 1g of hydrated silicon dioxide; 0.1ml of vinyltriethoxysilane was added per 1g of hydrated silica.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the anti-contamination paint is coated on the insulator body, and then the temperature is raised to 380 ℃ at a rate of 25 ℃/min for 2h, and then the temperature is lowered to normal temperature at a rate of 15 ℃/min.
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