CN113472233A - 一种磁集成大功率脉冲电流源 - Google Patents

一种磁集成大功率脉冲电流源 Download PDF

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CN113472233A
CN113472233A CN202110709769.0A CN202110709769A CN113472233A CN 113472233 A CN113472233 A CN 113472233A CN 202110709769 A CN202110709769 A CN 202110709769A CN 113472233 A CN113472233 A CN 113472233A
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current source
power
power supply
pulse
current
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鲁伟
王保平
赵春阳
孙宏杰
张泰峰
赵秋山
代磊
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Cetc Energy Co ltd
CETC 18 Research Institute
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M11/00—Power conversion systems not covered by the preceding groups
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/30—Fastening or clamping coils, windings, or parts thereof together; Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing, or other support
    • H01F27/306—Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing or other support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F37/00—Fixed inductances not covered by group H01F17/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
    • H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种磁集成大功率脉冲电流源，属于脉冲电流源技术领域，其特征在于，由n个Buck开关电流源并联而成，n个电流源的输出电流相位差依次滞后360°/n，其中：每个Buck开关电流源包括：与供电输入连接的输入稳压电容；所述供电输入的负极依次通过续流二极管、功率管与供电输入的正极连接；所述续流二极管的阴极依次通过耦合电感、电流采样电路、输出隔离二极管、脉冲负载和续流二极管的阳极连接；n个耦合电感的绕组匝数完全相同，且n个绕组共同绕制在同一个磁芯上。本发明具有输出电流纹波小、体积重量轻、变换效率高的突出优点，显著提高了电流源的性能品质。本发明适用于大功率、高性能的应用场合。

Description

一种磁集成大功率脉冲电流源
技术领域
本发明属于脉冲电流源技术领域，具体涉及一种磁集成大功率脉冲电流源。
背景技术
脉冲电流源在高能粒子加速器、舰艇消磁、X射线探伤、金属表面清洗、废水电离降解等军民领域应用广泛。电流源的输出功率、响应速度、重复频率、体积重量、变换效率和可靠性等关键性能直接关系到负载的工作能力、工作模式和工作寿命。
脉冲电流源是一种输出为电流特性且具有一定占空比规律的特殊电源，通过对电路存储的电能进行快速释放，产生陡峭的脉冲电流，从而驱动负载工作。脉冲电流源的技术要求与传统电源相比差异显著，输出电流性能品质要求更高。
现有的脉冲电流源方案包括电感储能型电路、E型脉冲生成网络、线性电流源电路、Buck开关电流源、磁脉冲压缩电路等。针对脉冲电流源大功率、高品质、轻量化、高效率的应用需求，目前传统的设计方案均难以满足。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术存在的不足，提出一种磁集成大功率脉冲电流源，用于解决传统脉冲电流源在大功率场合下，输出电流品质低、体积重量大、效率低的问题，满足大功率脉冲电流源高性能的应用需求。
本发明的目的是提供一种磁集成大功率脉冲电流源，由n个Buck开关电流源并联而成，n个电流源的输出电流相位差依次滞后360°/n，其中：
每个Buck开关电流源包括：
与供电输入连接的输入稳压电容；所述供电输入的负极依次通过续流二极管、功率管与供电输入的正极连接；所述续流二极管的阴极依次通过耦合电感、电流采样电路、输出隔离二极管、脉冲负载和续流二极管的阳极连接；
n个耦合电感的绕组匝数完全相同，且n个绕组共同绕制在同一个磁芯上。
优选地：所述供电输入为直流蓄电池组。
优选地：所述脉冲负载为电源所带载荷。
优选地：n个绕组的同名端依次反向绕制。
优选地：n个电流采样电路通过测量各自通路上的电流，与设定值进行比例积分运算，进而生成开关驱动信号，驱动功率管工作于脉冲宽度调制的开关模式。
本申请的有益效果是：
本发明具有输出电流纹波小、体积重量轻、变换效率高的突出优点，显著提高了电流源的性能品质。本发明适用于大功率、高性能的应用场合。具体为：
1.本发明采用多个Buck开关电流源交错并联工作的方式，不仅大幅提高了电源的功率输出能力，而且显著降低了输出电流纹波。
2.本发明采用了磁集成技术将多个电流源的磁性绕组绕制在一个磁芯上，实现了磁性器件的复用，显著降低了电源的体积、重量。
3.本发明采用脉冲宽度调制技术控制功率管的通断，具有响应速度快、变换效率高的优点。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1是本发明优选实施例的电路原理图。
图2是本发明提出的脉冲电流源交错并联工作示意图；
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请方案，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分的实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本申请保护的范围。
需要说明的是，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、***、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
本发明列举的电路图中电阻、二极管、功率管等元器件，也可以是等效电阻、二极管、功率管组合网络，但以本发明电路图最为简洁。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本申请。
为实现技术目的，采用多个Buck开关电流源交错并联工作的方式获得大电流低纹波输出；通过磁集成技术将多个电流源的磁性绕组绕制在一个磁芯上，实现了磁性器件的复用，显著降低了电源的体积、重量；同时由于功率管处于脉冲宽度调制的开关模式，具有响应速度快和变换效率高的特点。新型的磁集成大功率脉冲电流源有效解决了输出电流品质低、体积重量大、效率低的问题，满足了大功率、高品质、轻量化、高效率的应用需求。
请参阅图1和2，一种磁集成大功率脉冲电流源，包括输入稳压电容C1、C2、Cn，功率管S1、S2、Sn，续流二极管D1、D2、Dn，输出隔离二极管Dn+1、Dn+2、D2n，耦合电感L，包含n个绕组L1、L2、Ln，电流采样电路1、电流采样电路2、电流采样电路n完成各路输出电流的采样。供电输入为直流蓄电池组，脉冲负载为电源所带载荷。
本发明的工作原理：所述磁集成大功率脉冲电流源由n个Buck开关电流源并联而成，n个电流源的输出电流相位差依次滞后360°/n，处于交错并联的工作模式。交错并联技术在实现大电流输出的同时，可以显著降低输出电流纹波，提高波形输出品质。此外，n个匝数完全相同的绕组共同绕制在同一个磁芯上，形成n个电感。为了充分利用公共磁芯的磁通量，n个绕组的同名端依次反向绕制，显著降低了磁性器件的体积、重量。n个电流采样电路通过测量各自通路上的电流，与设定值进行比例积分运算，进而生成开关驱动信号，驱动功率管工作于脉冲宽度调制的开关模式，响应速度快、变换效率高。
本发明的有益效果是，发明了一种磁集成大功率脉冲电流源，采用了交错并联技术和磁集成技术，显著提高了电流源的性能品质，满足了大功率、高品质、轻量化、高效率的应用需求。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种磁集成大功率脉冲电流源，其特征在于，由n个Buck开关电流源并联而成，n个电流源的输出电流相位差依次滞后360°/n，其中：
每个Buck开关电流源包括：
与供电输入连接的输入稳压电容；所述供电输入的负极依次通过续流二极管、功率管与供电输入的正极连接；所述续流二极管的阴极依次通过耦合电感、电流采样电路、输出隔离二极管、脉冲负载和续流二极管的阳极连接；
n个耦合电感的绕组匝数完全相同，且n个绕组共同绕制在同一个磁芯上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的磁集成大功率脉冲电流源，其特征在于：所述供电输入为直流蓄电池组。
3.根据权利要求1所述的磁集成大功率脉冲电流源，其特征在于：所述脉冲负载为电源所带载荷。
4.根据权利要求1所述的磁集成大功率脉冲电流源，其特征在于：n个绕组的同名端依次反向绕制。
5.根据权利要求1所述的磁集成大功率脉冲电流源，其特征在于：n个电流采样电路通过测量各自通路上的电流，与设定值进行比例积分运算，进而生成开关驱动信号，驱动功率管工作于脉冲宽度调制的开关模式。
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060197510A1 (en) * 2005-02-23 2006-09-07 Sriram Chandrasekaran Power converter employing a tapped inductor and integrated magnetics and method of operating the same
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