CN113463755A - Concrete frame column anti-seismic structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Concrete frame column anti-seismic structure and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113463755A CN113463755A CN202110708591.8A CN202110708591A CN113463755A CN 113463755 A CN113463755 A CN 113463755A CN 202110708591 A CN202110708591 A CN 202110708591A CN 113463755 A CN113463755 A CN 113463755A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/20—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/20—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
- E04B1/21—Connections specially adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/20—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
- E04B1/21—Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B1/215—Connections specially adapted therefor comprising metallic plates or parts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/0237—Structural braces with damping devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/025—Structures with concrete columns
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of buildings, in particular to a concrete frame column anti-seismic structure and a construction method thereof. This application has the effect that improves the anti-seismic performance of concrete frame post.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of buildings, in particular to a concrete frame column anti-seismic structure and a construction method thereof.
Background
The frame structure is a structure in which a frame composed of a plurality of beams and columns is used to bear the whole load of a house. For high-rise civil buildings and multi-storey industrial plants, the load bearing of brick walls cannot meet the requirement of large load, and a frame is often adopted as a load bearing structure.
In the related art, the frame column is constructed by a concrete column and a concrete beam, and is connected by welding and the like to form a frame structure of the whole house.
The inventor believes that there is a possibility of breakage of the connection points of the frame structure, which is too stiff, when subjected to an earthquake, with very serious consequences in case of breakage of the house frame.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a concrete frame column anti-seismic structure and a construction method thereof, aiming at improving the possibility that the connection point of a frame structure with overhigh defect rigidity has fracture.
The application provides a concrete frame post anti-seismic structure adopts following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a concrete frame post earthquake-resistant structure, includes concrete column, connects concrete beam on concrete column, sets up the antidetonation mechanism between concrete column and concrete beam, antidetonation mechanism is including connecting first connecting steel sheet on concrete column, connecting second connecting steel sheet, the rubber block of fixed connection between first connecting steel sheet and second connecting steel sheet on concrete beam, preset a plurality of fixed steel in the concrete beam, wear to establish in the concrete column behind second connecting steel sheet, rubber block, the first connecting steel sheet in proper order to fixed steel one end.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, connect antidetonation mechanism between concrete column and concrete beam, connect first connecting steel plate and concrete column, second connecting steel plate and concrete beam are connected, through set up the block rubber between first connecting steel plate and second connecting steel plate, the block rubber has the buffering, high damped effect, when receiving vibrations, the block rubber can cushion between first connecting steel plate and the second connecting steel plate, wear to establish in the concrete after passing antidetonation mechanism through with the fixed reinforcement, further improve the stability of antidetonation mechanism and both sides structural connection, further improve the stability of concrete frame, improve the anti-seismic performance of concrete frame post.
Optionally, the first connecting steel plate is far away from one side of the second connecting steel plate and is fixedly connected with a concrete block, a mounting groove is formed in the concrete column, and the concrete block is fixedly embedded in the mounting groove.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up the mounting groove on concrete column, establish concrete piece fixed the inlaying in the mounting groove, further improve connection structure's between first connecting steel plate and the concrete column intensity.
Optionally, reinforcing angle steel is arranged around the first connecting steel plate, the reinforcing angle steel is far away from one side of the first connecting steel plate and abutted against the concrete column, the reinforcing angle steel is connected with the concrete column through bolts, and the reinforcing angle steel is connected with the first connecting steel plate through bolts.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up all around at first connecting steel sheet and strengthen the angle steel, strengthen the angle steel through bolted connection, further reduce the cracked possibility that takes place between first connecting steel sheet and the concrete when conveniently strengthening the angle steel installation, take place deformation in bradyseism mechanism as far as possible, improve concrete frame structure's bradyseism ability.
Optionally, the concrete beam is far away from one end of the concrete column is hinged with a viscous damper, and the viscous damper is far away from one end of the concrete beam and hinged with the concrete column.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up viscous damper between concrete column and concrete beam, can further improve the anti-seismic performance of concrete frame post structure in absorbing the energy in the viscous damper when can will shake.
Optionally, the fixed steel bar is positioned in the concrete block and bent.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the part that is located the concrete piece with fixed reinforcing bar is buckled and is set up, can improve fixed steel bar connection's intensity, reduces the possibility that fixed reinforcing bar breaks away from in the concrete piece, improves overall structure's intensity.
Optionally, the upper butt plate is fixedly connected to one side of the first connecting steel plate, the upper butt plate is fixedly connected to the upper side of the rubber block, the lower butt plate is fixedly connected to one side of the second steel plate, and the lower butt plate is fixedly connected to the lower side of the rubber block.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, butt plate in first connecting steel sheet one side fixed connection to butt plate under the fixed connection on the second connecting steel sheet presss from both sides the block rubber between last butt plate and lower butt plate, further improves the stability of block rubber and both sides structural connection, and the area of contact of increase block rubber and peripheral object, further improves the bradyseism effect of block rubber.
Optionally, a plurality of springs are connected between the upper abutting plate and the lower abutting plate, and the springs are located on two sides of the rubber block.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, at last butt joint board and connect the spring down between the butt joint board, the spring has the cushioning effect equally, can improve the reset speed of block rubber when receiving the vibrations buffering, further makes things convenient for the recovery of deformation block rubber after the vibrations.
The application provides a construction method of a concrete frame column earthquake-resistant structure, which comprises the following steps:
optionally, S1, manufacturing an anti-seismic mechanism in advance, fixedly connecting the first connecting steel plate and the rubber block, fixedly connecting the second connecting steel plate and the rubber block, then slotting, sequentially passing the fixing steel bar of the concrete beam through the second connecting steel plate, the rubber block and the first connecting steel plate, and fixedly connecting the second connecting steel plate and one end of the concrete beam;
s2, going up butt plate and rubber block fixed connection, going up butt plate and first connecting steel plate welding again, butt plate and rubber block fixed connection will descend, and butt plate and second connecting steel plate welding will descend again, with the spring setting behind the rubber block both sides, connect the butt plate with lower butt plate respectively with the spring both ends through the welding.
S3, arranging an installation groove on the concrete column, enabling the installation groove to be L-shaped, enabling a first connecting steel plate to abut against a notch in one end of the installation groove, and fixedly connecting a first connecting plate with the side wall of the concrete column;
s4, bending the reinforcing steel bars in the mounting groove, and then pouring concrete from the other end of the mounting groove to fill the mounting groove to form a concrete block;
s5, arranging reinforcing angle steel around the first connecting steel plate, and respectively connecting the reinforcing angle steel with the first connecting steel plate and the concrete column through bolts;
and S6, mounting a viscous damper, wherein one end of the viscous damper is hinged with the concrete beam, and the other end of the viscous damper is hinged with the concrete column.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, make antidetonation mechanism earlier, connect concrete beam and antidetonation mechanism again, connect antidetonation mechanism and concrete column afterwards, make things convenient for overall structure's installation, set up L type groove in the concrete column now, bend the back with fixed steel bar in L type inslot, from L type groove one end pouring concrete, further make the installation of structure more convenient, improved construction speed to the intensity of structure has been improved.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the anti-seismic mechanism is connected between the concrete column and the concrete beam, the first connecting steel plate is connected with the concrete column, the second connecting steel plate is connected with the concrete beam, the rubber block is arranged between the first connecting steel plate and the second connecting steel plate, the rubber block has the effects of buffering and high damping, when the concrete is vibrated, the rubber block can buffer between the first connecting steel plate and the second connecting steel plate, and the fixed steel bars penetrate through the anti-seismic mechanism and then penetrate into the concrete, so that the stability of the connection between the anti-seismic mechanism and the two side structures is further improved, the stability of the concrete frame is further improved, and the anti-seismic performance of the concrete frame is improved;
2. the rubber block is clamped between the upper abutting plate and the lower abutting plate, so that the stability of connection between the rubber block and the two side structures is further improved, the contact area between the rubber block and surrounding objects is increased, and the cushioning effect of the rubber block is further improved;
3. make the antidetonation mechanism earlier, connect concrete beam and antidetonation mechanism again, connect antidetonation mechanism and concrete column afterwards, make things convenient for overall structure's installation, set up L type groove in the concrete column now, will fix the reinforcing bar and bend the back in L type groove, from L type groove one end pouring concrete, further make the installation of structure more convenient, improved construction speed to the intensity of structure has been improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a seismic structure of a concrete frame column according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a seismic structure for a concrete frame column in an embodiment of the present application.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a concrete column; 2. a concrete beam; 3. an anti-seismic mechanism; 4. a first connecting steel plate; 5. a second connecting steel plate; 6. a rubber block; 7. fixing the steel bars; 8. a concrete block; 9. mounting grooves; 10. reinforcing angle steel; 11. a bolt; 12. a viscous damper; 13. an upper abutting plate; 14. a lower butt plate; 15. a spring.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-3.
The embodiment of the application discloses concrete frame post earthquake-resistant structure. Referring to fig. 1, a concrete frame column earthquake-resistant structure includes a concrete column 1, a concrete beam 2 connected to the concrete column 1, and an earthquake-resistant mechanism 3 disposed between the concrete column 1 and the concrete beam 2.
Referring to fig. 2, the anti-seismic mechanism 3 includes a first connection steel plate 4 fixedly connected to the concrete column 1, a second connection steel plate 5 fixedly connected to the concrete beam 2, and a rubber block 6 fixedly connected between the first connection steel plate 4 and the second connection steel plate 5.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, concrete column 1 sets up along vertical direction, and concrete beam 2 sets up along the horizontal direction, and the cross-section of concrete column 1 and concrete beam 2 is the rectangle, and pre-buried a plurality of fixed steel bars 7 that have in the concrete beam 2, fixed steel bar 7 is provided with four in this embodiment.
Referring to fig. 3, second connecting steel plate 5, rubber block 6, first connecting steel plate 4 are worn to establish in proper order by fixed reinforcing bar 7 near concrete column 1 one side, and fixed reinforcing bar 7 wears to establish in concrete column 1 after passing first connecting steel plate 4.
Referring to fig. 2, in order to further improve the stability of the connection between the rubber block 6 and the two-side structure, an upper abutting plate 13 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the rubber block 6, and one side of the upper abutting plate 13 is fixedly connected to the first connecting steel plate 4. The lower side of the rubber block 6 is fixedly connected with a lower abutting plate 14, and one side of the lower abutting plate 14 is fixedly connected with the second connecting steel plate 5.
Referring to fig. 2, the upper contact plate 13 and the lower contact plate 14 increase the contact area between the rubber block 6 and the surrounding structure, thereby further improving the cushioning effect of the rubber block 6.
Referring to fig. 2, in order to facilitate the quick return of the rubber block 6 after the occurrence of the shock, a plurality of springs 15 are fixedly connected between the upper abutting plate 13 and the lower abutting plate 14, the plurality of springs 15 are located on two sides of the rubber block 6, and four springs 15 are respectively arranged on two sides of the rubber block 6 in this embodiment.
Referring to fig. 3, first connecting steel plate 4 is close to concrete column 1 one side fixedly connected with concrete piece 8, and concrete piece 8 is the setting of L type, has seted up mounting groove 9 in concrete column 1, and mounting groove 9 is the setting of L type, and concrete piece 8 is fixed to be inlayed and is established in mounting groove 9.
Referring to fig. 3, fixed reinforcing bar 7 one end is fixed to be worn to establish in concrete block 8, and fixed reinforcing bar 7 is located the setting of buckling of 8 internal portions of concrete block, and the fixed reinforcing bar 7 of buckling can further improve with concrete block 8's joint strength.
Referring to fig. 2, in order to further improve the joint strength between first steel sheet 4 and concrete column 1, first steel sheet 4 is provided with all around and strengthens angle steel 10, strengthens angle steel 10 one side and 4 butts of first steel sheet, strengthens connecting through bolt 11 between angle steel 10 and the first steel sheet 4, strengthens angle steel 10 opposite side and 1 butts of concrete column, strengthens connecting through bolt 11 between angle steel 10 and the concrete column 1.
Referring to fig. 1, a viscous damper 12 is further arranged between a concrete column 1 and a concrete beam 2, one end of the viscous damper 12 is hinged to the concrete column 1, the other end of the viscous damper is hinged to the concrete beam 2, the hinged position of the viscous damper 12 and the concrete beam 2 is the end, away from the concrete column 1, of the concrete column 2, and one end, away from the concrete beam 2, of the concrete column 1 is located on the hinged side of the viscous damper 12 and the concrete column 1.
The embodiment of the application also discloses a construction method of the concrete frame column earthquake-resistant structure, which comprises the following steps:
s1, manufacturing an anti-seismic mechanism 3 in advance, fixedly connecting a first connecting steel plate 4 with a rubber block 6, fixedly connecting a second connecting steel plate 5 with the rubber block 6, then grooving, sequentially passing a fixing steel bar 7 of the concrete beam 2 through the second connecting steel plate 5, the rubber block 6 and the first connecting steel plate 4, and fixedly connecting the second connecting steel plate 5 with one end of the concrete beam 2;
s2, fixedly connecting the upper abutting plate 13 with the rubber block 6, welding the upper abutting plate 13 with the first connecting steel plate 4, fixedly connecting the lower abutting plate 14 with the rubber block 6, welding the lower abutting plate 14 with the second connecting steel plate 5, arranging the springs 15 at two sides of the rubber block 6, and respectively connecting two ends of each spring 15 with the upper abutting plate 13 and the lower abutting plate 14 through welding;
s3, forming an installation groove 9 in the concrete column 1, arranging the installation groove 9 in an L shape, abutting the first connecting steel plate 4 against a notch at one end of the installation groove 9, and fixedly connecting the first connecting plate with the side wall of the concrete column 1;
s4, bending the reinforcing steel bars in the mounting groove 9, pouring concrete from the other end of the mounting groove 9, and filling the concrete in the mounting groove 9 to form a concrete block 8;
s5, arranging reinforcing angle steel 10 around the first connecting steel plate 4, and respectively connecting the reinforcing angle steel 10 with the first connecting steel plate 4 and the concrete column 1 through bolts 11;
and S6, mounting the viscous damper 12, and hinging one end of the viscous damper 12 with the concrete beam 2 and the other end with the concrete column 1.
The implementation principle of the embodiment of the application is as follows: through set up antidetonation mechanism 3 between concrete column 1 and concrete beam 2, when the earthquake takes place, concentrate the vibrations and the deformation of junction in block rubber 6 department, deformation through block rubber 6 reduces the cracked possibility of concrete column 1 and concrete beam 2 emergence, and through set up spring 15 at last butt joint board 13 with between the lower butt joint board 14, can further accelerate the restoration of block rubber 6, thereby improve the anti-seismic performance of concrete frame post, viscous damper 12 can also further improve the damping, with the energy absorption of vibrations, the stability of structure is improved.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a concrete frame post anti-seismic structure which characterized in that: including concrete column (1), connect concrete beam (2) on concrete column (1), set up antidetonation mechanism (3) between concrete column (1) and concrete beam (2), antidetonation mechanism (3) are including connecting first connecting steel plate (4) on concrete column (1), connecting second connecting steel plate (5) on concrete beam (2), rubber block (6) of fixed connection between first connecting steel plate (4) and second connecting steel plate (5), preset in concrete beam (2) and be equipped with a plurality of fixed steel bars (7), wear to establish in concrete column (1) behind second connecting steel plate (5), rubber block (6), first connecting steel plate (4) in proper order fixed steel bar (7) one end.
2. A concrete frame column earthquake resistant structure as recited in claim 1, wherein: keep away from first steel linkage plate (4) second steel linkage plate (5) one side fixedly connected with concrete piece (8), mounting groove (9) have been seted up on concrete column (1), concrete piece (8) are fixed to be inlayed and are established in mounting groove (9).
3. A concrete frame column earthquake resistant structure as recited in claim 2, wherein: first connecting steel plate (4) are provided with all around and strengthen angle steel (10), strengthen angle steel (10) keep away from first connecting steel plate (4) one side with concrete column (1) butt, strengthen angle steel (10) with connect through bolt (11) between concrete column (1), strengthen angle steel (10) with connect through bolt (11) between first connecting steel plate (4).
4. A concrete frame column earthquake resistant structure as recited in claim 3, wherein: concrete beam (2) are kept away from concrete column (1) one end articulates there is viscous damper (12), viscous damper (12) are kept away from concrete beam (2) one end with concrete column (1) are articulated.
5. A concrete frame column earthquake resistant structure as defined in claim 4, wherein: the fixed steel bars (7) are arranged in the concrete blocks (8) in a bending mode.
6. A concrete frame column earthquake resistant structure, as recited in claim 5, wherein said first connecting steel plate (4) side is fixedly connected with an upper abutting plate (13), said upper abutting plate (13) is fixedly connected with the upper side of said rubber block (6), said second connecting steel plate (5) side is fixedly connected with a lower abutting plate (14), said lower abutting plate (14) is fixedly connected with the lower side of said rubber block (6).
7. A concrete frame column earthquake resistant structure as defined in claim 6, wherein: a plurality of springs (15) are connected between the upper abutting plate (13) and the lower abutting plate (14), and the springs (15) are located on two sides of the rubber block (6).
8. A construction method of a concrete frame column earthquake-resistant structure according to claim 7, characterized by the steps of:
s1, manufacturing an anti-seismic mechanism (3) in advance, fixedly connecting a first connecting steel plate (4) with a rubber block (6), fixedly connecting a second connecting steel plate (5) with the rubber block (6), then grooving, sequentially penetrating a fixing steel bar (7) of the concrete beam (2) through the second connecting steel plate (5), the rubber block (6) and the first connecting steel plate (4), and fixedly connecting the second connecting steel plate (5) with one end of the concrete beam (2);
s2, fixedly connecting an upper abutting plate (13) with a rubber block (6), welding the upper abutting plate (13) with a first connecting steel plate (4), fixedly connecting a lower abutting plate (14) with the rubber block (6), welding the lower abutting plate (14) with a second connecting steel plate (5), arranging springs (15) at two sides of the rubber block (6), and respectively connecting two ends of each spring (15) with the upper abutting plate (13) and the lower abutting plate (14) through welding;
s3, forming an installation groove (9) in the concrete column (1), arranging the installation groove (9) in an L shape, abutting the first connecting steel plate (4) against a notch in one end of the installation groove (9), and welding the first connecting steel plate (4) and the side wall of the concrete column (1);
s4, bending the reinforcing steel bars in the mounting groove (9), pouring concrete from the other end of the mounting groove (9), and filling the concrete in the mounting groove (9) to form a concrete block (8);
s5, arranging reinforcing angle steel (10) on the periphery of the first connecting steel plate (4), and respectively connecting the reinforcing angle steel (10) with the first connecting steel plate (4) and the concrete column (1) through bolts (11);
s6, mounting the viscous damper (12), hinging one end of the viscous damper (12) with the concrete beam (2), and hinging the other end of the viscous damper with the concrete column (1).
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| CN202110708591.8A CN113463755A (en) | 2021-06-25 | 2021-06-25 | Concrete frame column anti-seismic structure and construction method thereof |
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| CN115110632A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-09-27 | 福建江夏学院 | Self-resetting assembly type concrete beam column energy dissipation node and construction method |
| CN117248621A (en) * | 2023-11-14 | 2023-12-19 | 湖南大学 | Composite anti-seismic structure of beam column node and control method |
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| CN117248621B (en) * | 2023-11-14 | 2024-02-23 | 湖南大学 | Composite anti-seismic structure of beam column node and control method |
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