CN113453325B - Crystal oscillator clock calibration method, device, equipment and medium - Google Patents
Crystal oscillator clock calibration method, device, equipment and medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN113453325B CN113453325B CN202110710759.9A CN202110710759A CN113453325B CN 113453325 B CN113453325 B CN 113453325B CN 202110710759 A CN202110710759 A CN 202110710759A CN 113453325 B CN113453325 B CN 113453325B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0261—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level
- H04W52/0287—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level changing the clock frequency of a controller in the equipment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0261—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level
- H04W52/0287—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level changing the clock frequency of a controller in the equipment
- H04W52/029—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level changing the clock frequency of a controller in the equipment reducing the clock frequency of the controller
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention provides a crystal oscillator clock calibration method, a crystal oscillator clock calibration device, crystal oscillator clock calibration equipment and a crystal oscillator clock calibration medium, which are applied to terminal equipment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the switching period of switching from the standard mode to the low-power-consumption mode, controlling the first crystal oscillator clock source and the second crystal oscillator clock source of the terminal device to generate clock calibration once at intervals of a transition state calibration period, and controlling the first crystal oscillator clock source and the second crystal oscillator clock source of the terminal device to generate clock calibration once at intervals of a stable state calibration period after switching to the low-power-consumption mode. The steady-state calibration period is larger than the transition-state calibration period, and the power consumption of the standard mode is larger than that of the low-power-consumption mode. According to the invention, the terminal equipment is respectively calibrated after the switching time period of the standard mode to the low power consumption mode or the switching to the low power consumption mode is confirmed, different calibration modes are adopted, the increase of clock deviation caused by a single strategy calibration mode is avoided, and the operation performance of the terminal equipment is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mobile communication, in particular to a crystal oscillator clock calibration method, a crystal oscillator clock calibration device, crystal oscillator clock calibration equipment and a crystal oscillator clock calibration medium.
Background
The terminal equipment can comprise two working modes, namely a normal mode and a low-power mode, continuous data service transmission can be carried out in the normal mode, and a small amount of data can be periodically transmitted and received in the low-power mode. In the low power consumption mode, when data is not transmitted and received, the transmitting and receiving working clock can be closed to save power consumption, and the 32K crystal oscillator clock source is switched to, and when data is transmitted and received, the transmitting and receiving working clock is opened and the transmitting and receiving working clock source is switched to. However, there is a deviation between the two clock sources, and the temperature characteristics of the two clock sources are different and both will change with the change of temperature, when the timing of calibration is not appropriate, a large deviation will be generated, resulting in a time deviation during data transmission and reception, which affects the system transmission and reception performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a crystal oscillator clock calibration method, a crystal oscillator clock calibration device and a crystal oscillator clock calibration medium, which are used for reducing clock deviation generated when a terminal device switches a clock source in a low power consumption mode and improving the running performance of the terminal device.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a crystal clock calibration method applied to a terminal device, the method including:
and after the terminal equipment is switched to the low power consumption mode, controlling the first crystal oscillator clock source and the second crystal oscillator clock source of the terminal equipment to generate clock calibration at intervals of stable state calibration periods. The steady-state calibration period is larger than the transition-state calibration period, and the power consumption of the standard mode is larger than that of the low-power-consumption mode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by confirming whether the terminal equipment is respectively calibrated after the switching time period of the standard mode to the low power consumption mode or the switching to the low power consumption mode, different calibration modes are adopted, the increase of clock deviation caused by a single strategy calibration mode is avoided, and the running performance of the terminal equipment is improved.
In one possible implementation, the method further comprises: and when the terminal equipment is ready to be switched from the standard mode to the low-power-consumption mode, controlling a first crystal oscillator clock source and a second crystal oscillator clock source of the terminal equipment to carry out clock calibration. The beneficial effects are that: the calibration accuracy of the crystal oscillator clock is further improved.
In a possible implementation, before clock calibration occurs once every transition state calibration period of a first crystal clock source and a second crystal clock source of a control terminal device, the method further includes: determining a stable state calibration period according to the temperature change characteristic of a first crystal oscillator clock source and the temperature change characteristic of a second crystal oscillator clock source in the terminal equipment, and determining a transition state calibration period according to the working environment of the terminal equipment, wherein the transition state calibration period is N times of a data receiving and transmitting period of the terminal equipment in a low power consumption mode, and N is a positive integer. The beneficial effects are that: and the calibration period is surely stabilized according to the temperature change characteristic of the first crystal oscillator clock source and the temperature change characteristic of the second crystal oscillator clock source, so that the calibration error caused by the temperature change is reduced.
In a possible implementation, the first crystal oscillator clock source is a clock source used when the terminal device is in a data transceiving state, the second crystal oscillator clock source is a clock source used when the terminal device is in a low power consumption mode, and a working frequency of the first crystal oscillator clock source is greater than a working frequency of the second crystal oscillator clock source.
In one possible implementation, the operating environment includes an ambient temperature.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a crystal clock calibration apparatus, including:
the device comprises a determining module, a control module and a control module, wherein the determining module is used for determining the current working state of the terminal equipment, the control module is used for controlling a first crystal oscillator clock source and a second crystal oscillator clock source of the terminal equipment to generate clock calibration at intervals of transition state calibration periods when the determining module determines that the current working state is in a switching period of switching from a standard mode to a low power consumption mode, and the control module is also used for controlling the first crystal oscillator clock source and the second crystal oscillator clock source of the terminal equipment to generate clock calibration at intervals of stable state calibration periods after the determining module determines that the current working state is in the low power consumption mode. The steady-state calibration period is larger than the transition-state calibration period, and the power consumption of the standard mode is larger than that of the low-power-consumption mode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the determining module acquires and confirms whether the terminal equipment is calibrated respectively in the switching time period of switching the standard mode to the low-power-consumption mode or after the terminal equipment is switched to the low-power-consumption mode, different calibration modes are adopted, the increase of clock deviation caused by a single-strategy calibration mode is avoided, and the running performance of the terminal equipment is improved.
In a possible implementation, the control module is further configured to control the first crystal oscillator clock source and the second crystal oscillator clock source of the terminal device to perform clock calibration when the determining module determines that the current operating state is ready to be switched from the standard mode to the low power consumption mode. The beneficial effects are that: the calibration precision of the crystal oscillator clock is further improved.
In a possible implementation, the determining module is further configured to determine the steady-state calibration period according to a temperature variation characteristic of a first crystal oscillator clock source and a temperature variation characteristic of a second crystal oscillator clock source in the terminal device. And the calibration method is also used for determining a transient state calibration period according to the working environment of the terminal equipment, wherein the transient state calibration period is N times of a data receiving and transmitting period of the terminal equipment in a low power consumption mode, and N is a positive integer.
In a possible implementation, the first crystal oscillator clock source is a clock source used when the terminal device is in a data transceiving state, the second crystal oscillator clock source is a clock source used when the terminal device is in a low power consumption mode, and a working frequency of the first crystal oscillator clock source is greater than a working frequency of the second crystal oscillator clock source.
In one possible implementation, the operating environment includes ambient temperature.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the foregoing method steps.
The terminal equipment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: execution of the computer program by a processor effects the operation of the above-described method.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method steps.
The computer-readable storage medium of the present invention is advantageous in that the execution of the above-described method is realized by executing a computer program.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a crystal clock calibration method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for calibrating a crystal clock according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a calibration period in a crystal clock calibration method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a crystal clock calibration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. As used herein, the word "comprising" and similar words are intended to mean that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items.
With the rapid development of 5G and NB-IoT (narrow band internet of things) technologies, the number of connected terminal devices continues to increase, and higher requirements are put forward on the stability, miniaturization, low cost and other factors of the cellular mobile communication module. For example, in an NB-IoT communication system, a modular Radio Frequency (RF) crystal oscillator (also called a crystal oscillator) is required to have a high frequency stability, but due to the sensitivity of the crystal oscillator to the ambient temperature, especially in a-40 ° or +85 ° environment, a certain error inevitably occurs in the output frequency. To solve the above problem, temperature compensation is generally achieved by a crystal oscillator, i.e. the crystal oscillator adjusts the output frequency of the crystal oscillator to a desired frequency by an internal phase-locked loop circuit according to the detected temperature through a pre-calibration curve between the frequency and the temperature. Considering that two clock sources (i.e., a transceiving working clock source and a 32K crystal oscillator clock source) may exist in the terminal device, the deviation between the two clock sources needs to be solved through clock calibration. Specifically, in the low power consumption mode, when the terminal device does not receive and transmit data, the receiving and transmitting working clock source is turned off to save power consumption, and the clock source is switched to the 32K crystal oscillator clock source; when the terminal equipment receives and transmits data, the receiving and transmitting working clock source is started, and the 32K crystal oscillator clock source is switched to the receiving and transmitting working clock source. Because both clock sources change with the change of temperature and the temperature characteristics are different, when the timing selection of calibration is not proper, a large clock deviation can be generated, so that time deviation exists during data receiving and transmitting, and the receiving and transmitting performance of the system is influenced.
It should be noted that, when the terminal is configured to receive and transmit data, the clock used is generally a high-frequency clock source, such as a 26MHz crystal oscillator clock source, and the terminal device performs continuous data reception and transmission in the standard mode, so as to ensure data transmission.
In view of the existing problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a crystal oscillator clock calibration method, which is applied to a terminal device, and as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
s101: and controlling the first crystal oscillator clock source and the second crystal oscillator clock source of the terminal equipment to generate clock calibration once at intervals of a transition state calibration period in the switching period of the terminal equipment from the standard mode to the low power consumption mode.
In the step, when the terminal device is ready to switch from the standard mode to the low power consumption mode, the first crystal oscillator clock source and the second crystal oscillator clock source are controlled in advance to perform clock calibration, so that the clocks of the first crystal oscillator clock source and the second crystal oscillator clock source are accurate, and possible clock deviation is avoided.
In this step, the transition-state calibration period is a calibration period applied for a switching period in which the standard mode is switched to the low-power-consumption mode. In this embodiment, a transient state calibration period is determined according to a working environment of the terminal device, where the transient state calibration period is N times of a data receiving and transmitting period of the terminal device in the low power consumption mode, and N is a positive integer. It should be noted that, the working environment in this embodiment is an ambient temperature, and since the ambient temperature has a large influence on the output frequency of the crystal oscillator, the transient calibration period is determined according to the ambient temperature, and the clock offset caused by the transient calibration is reduced.
S102: after the terminal equipment is switched to the low power consumption mode, a first crystal oscillator clock source and a second crystal oscillator clock source of the terminal equipment are controlled to generate clock calibration at intervals of a stable state calibration period.
The time length can be continuously set through one-time clock calibration, the steady-state calibration period is larger than the transition-state calibration period, and the power consumption of the standard mode is larger than that of the low-power-consumption mode.
In the step, a steady state calibration period is determined according to the temperature variation characteristic of the first crystal oscillator clock source and the temperature variation characteristic of the second crystal oscillator clock source.
It should be noted that the first crystal oscillator clock source is a clock source used when the terminal device is in a data transceiving state, that is, when the terminal device transmits data in a standard mode, the first crystal oscillator clock source is used as a reference frequency. The second crystal oscillator clock source is a clock source used when the terminal equipment is in a low power consumption mode, and the working frequency of the first crystal oscillator clock source is greater than that of the second crystal oscillator clock source.
In the embodiment, by determining whether the terminal device is respectively calibrated after switching the standard mode to the low power consumption mode or switching the standard mode to the low power consumption mode, different calibration modes are adopted, thereby avoiding the increase of clock deviation caused by a calibration mode with a single strategy and improving the operation performance of the terminal device. It should be noted that the time length of one clock calibration is determined according to the period of transceiving data in the low power consumption mode.
In order to further understand the method, based on the above embodiments, with reference to fig. 2 and fig. 3, fig. 2 is a further flowchart of the crystal clock calibration method, and fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a calibration period in the crystal clock calibration method. It should be noted that, in the switching period when the terminal device switches from the standard mode to the low power consumption mode, the operating state of the terminal device is defined as the transition state during the switching period, and after the terminal device switches to the low power consumption mode, the operating state of the terminal device is defined as the stable state. Referring to fig. 2, the method includes:
s201: and starting the crystal oscillator clock calibration.
S202: the terminal equipment judges whether the current working state is a stable state or a transition state.
In this step, a current working state is queried, a corresponding calibration mode is performed for the current working state, and when the current working state is a stable state, the step S203 is performed, and when the current working state is a transition state, the step S206 is performed.
S203: the terminal device determines whether it is ready to enter the transition state.
In this step, when it is determined that the operating state of the terminal device is ready to enter the transition state from the stable state, the process proceeds to step S204, and when it is determined that the operating state of the terminal device is always kept in the stable state, the process proceeds to step S205.
S204: and controlling the first crystal oscillator clock source and the second crystal oscillator clock source to generate primary clock calibration.
In the step, the possibility of error of the output frequency of the first crystal oscillator clock source and the second crystal oscillator clock source is avoided by performing clock calibration in advance, and the operation performance of the terminal device is improved. It should be noted that, the first crystal clock source is used as a clock source used in the standard mode, and the second crystal clock source is used in the low power consumption mode.
S205: and the terminal equipment controls the first crystal oscillator clock source and the second crystal oscillator clock source to generate clock calibration once every other stable state calibration period.
In this step, the steady-state calibration period is determined according to the temperature variation characteristic of the first crystal clock source and the temperature variation characteristic of the second crystal clock source.
S206: and the terminal equipment controls the first crystal oscillator clock source and the second crystal oscillator clock source to generate clock calibration once at intervals of a transition state calibration period.
In another embodiment disclosed in the present invention, referring to fig. 4, the crystal oscillator clock calibration apparatus includes a determining module 401 and a control module 402, where the determining module 401 is configured to determine a current working state of a terminal device, and when the determining module 401 determines that the current working state is in a switching period of switching from a standard mode to a low power consumption mode, the control module 402 controls a first crystal oscillator clock source and a second crystal oscillator clock source of the terminal device to perform clock calibration once every transition state calibration cycle. The steady state calibration period is larger than the transition state calibration period, and the power consumption of the standard mode is larger than that of the low power consumption mode.
In the embodiment, the terminal equipment is respectively calibrated after being inquired and confirmed in the switching time period when the standard mode is switched to the low power consumption mode or the low power consumption mode, different calibration modes are adopted, the increase of clock deviation caused by a single-strategy calibration mode is avoided, and the running performance of the terminal equipment is improved.
Specifically, the control module 402 is further configured to control the first crystal oscillator clock source and the second crystal oscillator clock source of the terminal device to perform clock calibration when the determining module 401 determines that the current working state is ready to be switched from the standard mode to the low power consumption mode. The determining module 401 is further configured to determine a steady-state calibration period according to a temperature variation characteristic of a first crystal oscillator clock source and a temperature variation characteristic of a second crystal oscillator clock source in the terminal device, and determine a transition-state calibration period according to a working environment of the terminal device. It should be noted that the transient state calibration period is N times of a data receiving and sending period of the terminal device in the low power consumption mode, where N is a positive integer. The first crystal oscillator clock source is a clock source used when the terminal equipment is in a data receiving and sending state, the second crystal oscillator clock source is a clock source used when the terminal equipment is in a low power consumption mode, and the working frequency of the first crystal oscillator clock source is greater than that of the second crystal oscillator clock source.
In another embodiment of the disclosure, on the basis of the above embodiment, a computer readable storage medium has a computer program stored thereon, and when executed by a processor, the computer program implements the method for crystal clock calibration as in the above embodiment.
In other embodiments of the present application, an embodiment of the present application discloses a terminal device, and as shown in fig. 5, the terminal device may include: one or more processors 501; a memory 502; a display 503; one or more application programs (not shown); and one or more computer programs 504, which may be connected via one or more communication buses 505. Wherein the one or more computer programs 504 are stored in the memory 502 described above and configured to be executed by the one or more processors 501, the one or more computer programs 504 comprising instructions. When the device is a terminal device, the instructions may be used to perform the steps in fig. 1 and the corresponding embodiments.
Through the above description of the embodiments, it is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and simplicity of description, the foregoing division of the functional modules is merely used as an example, and in practical applications, the above function distribution may be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device may be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the above described functions. For the specific working processes of the system, the apparatus and the unit described above, reference may be made to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and details are not described here again.
Each functional unit in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may also be implemented in the form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application may be essentially implemented or make a contribution to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solutions may be implemented in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) or a processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program code, such as flash memory, removable hard drive, read-only memory, random-access memory, magnetic or optical disk, etc.
The above description is only a specific implementation of the embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the embodiments of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the embodiments of the present application should be covered by the scope of the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for crystal clock calibration, the method comprising:
controlling a first crystal oscillator clock source and a second crystal oscillator clock source of the terminal equipment to generate clock calibration at intervals of a transition state calibration period in a switching period of the terminal equipment from a standard mode to a low power consumption mode;
after the terminal equipment is switched to a low power consumption mode, controlling a first crystal oscillator clock source and a second crystal oscillator clock source of the terminal equipment to generate clock calibration at intervals of a stable state calibration period;
wherein the steady state calibration period is greater than the transition state calibration period, and the power consumption of the standard mode is greater than the power consumption of the low power consumption mode;
the first crystal oscillator clock source is a clock source used when the terminal device is in a data receiving and sending state, the second crystal oscillator clock source is a clock source used when the terminal device is in a low power consumption mode, and the working frequency of the first crystal oscillator clock source is greater than that of the second crystal oscillator clock source.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and when the terminal equipment is ready to be switched from a standard mode to a low-power-consumption mode, controlling the first crystal oscillator clock source and the second crystal oscillator clock source to carry out clock calibration.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein before the clock calibration occurs once every transition state calibration period between the first crystal clock source and the second crystal clock source for controlling the terminal device, the method further comprises:
determining the steady state calibration period according to the temperature change characteristic of the first crystal oscillator clock source and the temperature change characteristic of the second crystal oscillator clock source in the terminal device;
and determining the transient state calibration period according to the working environment of the terminal equipment, wherein the transient state calibration period is N times of a data receiving and transmitting period of the terminal equipment in a low power consumption mode, and N is a positive integer.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the operating environment comprises an ambient temperature.
5. A crystal clock calibration apparatus, comprising:
the determining module is used for determining the current working state of the terminal equipment;
the control module is used for controlling the first crystal oscillator clock source and the second crystal oscillator clock source of the terminal equipment to generate clock calibration at intervals of a transition state calibration period when the determining module determines that the current working state is in a switching period of switching from a standard mode to a low power consumption mode;
the control module is further configured to control a first crystal oscillator clock source and a second crystal oscillator clock source of the terminal device to perform clock calibration once every interval of a steady-state calibration period after the determination module determines that the current working state is in the low-power consumption mode;
wherein the steady state calibration period is greater than the transition state calibration period, and the power consumption of the standard mode is greater than the power consumption of the low power consumption mode;
the first crystal oscillator clock source is a clock source used when the terminal device is in a data receiving and sending state, the second crystal oscillator clock source is a clock source used when the terminal device is in a low power consumption mode, and the working frequency of the first crystal oscillator clock source is greater than that of the second crystal oscillator clock source.
6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the control module is further configured to control the first crystal clock source and the second crystal clock source of the terminal device to perform clock calibration when the determining module determines that the current operating state is ready to be switched from the standard mode to the low power consumption mode.
7. The apparatus of claim 5 or 6, wherein the determining module is further configured to:
determining the steady state calibration period according to the temperature change characteristic of the first crystal oscillator clock source and the temperature change characteristic of the second crystal oscillator clock source in the terminal device;
and determining the transient state calibration period according to the working environment of the terminal equipment, wherein the transient state calibration period is N times of a data receiving and transmitting period of the terminal equipment in a low power consumption mode, and N is a positive integer.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the operating environment comprises an ambient temperature.
9. A terminal device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the method according to any of claims 1 to 4 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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