CN113432975B - Detection device and detection system for rock sample pressurization test - Google Patents
Detection device and detection system for rock sample pressurization test Download PDFInfo
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- CN113432975B CN113432975B CN202110656585.2A CN202110656585A CN113432975B CN 113432975 B CN113432975 B CN 113432975B CN 202110656585 A CN202110656585 A CN 202110656585A CN 113432975 B CN113432975 B CN 113432975B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0062—Crack or flaws
- G01N2203/0064—Initiation of crack
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0062—Crack or flaws
- G01N2203/0066—Propagation of crack
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0658—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using acoustic or ultrasonic detectors
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Abstract
The application provides a detection device and a detection system for rock sample pressurization test. The detection device for the rock sample pressurization test comprises a base, an acoustic detector and a plurality of support plates, wherein the base is provided with an installation surface, the support plates are arranged on the installation surface, the plate surfaces of the support plates extend along the length direction of the base, and the plate surfaces of the support plates are in contact with the rock sample to be tested; the acoustic wave detectors are arranged in the accommodating grooves in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the supporting plate comprises a floating supporting plate and a plurality of fixed supporting plates, the floating supporting plate is fixed in the middle of the base through an elastic piece, and the floating supporting plate can move relative to the base in the direction vertical to the plate surface of the floating supporting plate; the fixed support plate is arranged on the side of the floating support plate, and the fixed support plate is detachably fixed on the base. The application provides a detection device for rock sample pressurization test can realize the layering of rock sample horizontal stress and detect.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a rock pressurization detection technology in the field of oil extraction, in particular to a detection device and a detection system for rock sample pressurization testing.
Background
In the process of oil and gas development, it is necessary to fracture the formation by hydraulic fracturing techniques to create hydraulic fractures through which oil within the formation drains.
In the construction process on site, the fracturing fluid is injected into the shaft through the high-pressure pump set, high pressure is gradually suppressed at the bottom of the shaft, when the pressure reaches rock fracture pressure, the stratum is fractured to generate hydraulic fractures, the hydraulic fractures are more, the seepage resistance is smaller, and therefore the oil drainage amount is increased, and the oil and gas yield is improved. In a reservoir stimulation modification process, it is often desirable to form multiple transverse fractures perpendicular to the wellbore to increase the reservoir modification volume to increase oil production. The fracture-making mechanism of hydraulic fracturing is greatly influenced by stratum stress, and generally, rock in the stratum is in a compressive stress state and acts on certain underground rockThe stress on the unit body includes the vertical principal stress σ z And horizontal principal stress sigma x 、σ y . Which type of fracture appears in the formation after fracturing, depending on the relative magnitudes of the vertical principal stress and the horizontal principal stress, the direction of propagation of the fracture is always perpendicular to the direction of minimum principal stress of the formation stress, and the morphology of the rock fracture is shown in fig. 1a and 1 b. The true triaxial hydraulic fracturing simulation experiment system is an effective means for researching the initiation and expansion rules of hydraulic fractures and can well simulate the on-site stratum fracturing dynamics. At present, a true triaxial fracture physical simulation experiment for researching the influence of bedding on fracture cracking and expansion needs to process a large-size shale rock sample, wherein the size of 300mm multiplied by 300mm is a common rock sample size at present. In the experimental process of the true triaxial fracture physical simulation, the whole surface of a rock sample is respectively subjected to three stresses in the X, Y, Z-axis direction, including the vertical stress sigma z And horizontal principal stress σ x 、σ y 。
However, in the conventional common true triaxial hydraulic fracturing simulation experiment, the whole unidirectional stress is applied to a rock sample in the hydraulic fracturing experiment process, but because the rock sample in an actual stratum is heterogeneous, the stratum is different in thickness and complex in property, and the difference of the stratum stress is large, at this time, because each bedding thickness and the hard and soft characteristics of the rock sample are different, the influence on the crack expansion under different stratum stresses cannot be simulated in the fracturing experiment process only applying the unidirectional stress. Therefore, the existing true triaxial hydraulic fracturing simulation experiment system has the following problems: firstly, the thickness, stress and interface strength of each layer of a rock sample are difficult to control; secondly, the distribution effect of the stratum stress on different bedding surfaces in the same direction cannot be simulated; thirdly, because the rock samples have different bedding and stress characteristics, the crack initiation and expansion rules of different bedding under different stratum stresses cannot be analyzed in the experimental process.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a detection device and detecting system for rock sample pressurization test can realize the layering of rock sample horizontal stress and detect, and then observes the fracture initiation and the extension condition of rock sample's fracture under the different horizontal stress difference.
A detection device for a rock sample pressurization test comprises a base, an acoustic detector and a plurality of support plates, wherein the base is provided with a mounting surface, the support plates are arranged on the mounting surface, the plate surfaces of the support plates extend along the length direction of the base, and the plate surfaces of the support plates are in contact with a rock sample to be tested; the at least one supporting plate is provided with a containing groove, and the sound wave detectors are arranged in the containing groove in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
The supporting plate comprises a floating supporting plate and a plurality of fixed supporting plates, the floating supporting plate is fixed in the middle of the base through an elastic piece, and the floating supporting plate can move relative to the base in the direction vertical to the plate surface of the floating supporting plate; the fixed support plate is arranged on the side of the floating support plate, and the fixed support plate is detachably fixed on the base.
As an optional implementation manner, at least two accommodating grooves are arranged on the floating support plate and at least part of the fixed support plate, and the accommodating grooves are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the fixed support plate and the floating support plate.
As an optional implementation manner, the plurality of fixed supporting plates include a first fixed supporting plate and a second fixed supporting plate, a width of the first fixed supporting plate is greater than a width of the second fixed supporting plate, and the accommodating groove is only disposed on the first fixed supporting plate.
As an alternative embodiment, the length direction of the floating support plate is consistent with the length direction of the base; the fixed supporting plates are even and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the floating supporting plate.
As an alternative embodiment, the fixed supporting plate is slidably disposed on the base, the sliding direction of the fixed supporting plate is along the length direction of the fixed supporting plate, and the fixed supporting plate can be separated from the base in a sliding manner.
As an optional implementation manner, a plurality of sliding rails are arranged on the surface of the base at intervals, and the sliding rails protrude from the mounting surface and extend along the length direction of the base.
The slide rail groove has been seted up to one side of floating support plate near the base, the extending direction in slide rail groove the same with the slide rail and with the slide rail one-to-one, slide rail and slide rail groove match each other to make floating support plate slide for the slide rail, and floating support plate can follow the tip of slide rail and break away from.
As an optional implementation manner, the detection device for the rock sample pressurization test further comprises a limiting column, one end of the limiting column is fixed on the base, a groove is correspondingly formed in one side, facing the base, of the floating support plate, and the other end of the limiting column is embedded into the groove so as to limit the movement of the floating support plate along the plate surface direction.
As an optional implementation manner, a wire groove is formed on the surface of the supporting plate, one end of the wire groove is communicated with the accommodating groove, the other end of the wire groove extends to the edge of the supporting plate, and a connecting wire of the acoustic detector is arranged in the wire groove.
As an optional embodiment, the floating support plate is a light plate; or, the floating support plate is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is used for being arranged opposite to the simulation shaft.
The application also provides a detecting system for rock sample pressurization test, including pressure device and a plurality of detection device that are used for rock sample pressurization test, a plurality of detection device contact with the face of awaiting measuring of rock sample that awaits measuring, and pressure device is used for exerting pressure to the rock sample that awaits measuring.
The application provides a detection device and a detection system for rock sample pressurization test. The detection device for the rock sample pressurization test comprises a base, an acoustic detector and a plurality of support plates, wherein the base is provided with an installation surface, the support plates are arranged on the installation surface, the plate surfaces of the support plates extend along the length direction of the base, and the plate surfaces of the support plates are in contact with the rock sample to be tested; the acoustic wave detectors are arranged in the accommodating grooves in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the supporting plate comprises a floating supporting plate and a plurality of fixed supporting plates, the floating supporting plate is fixed in the middle of the base through an elastic piece, and the floating supporting plate can move relative to the base in the direction vertical to the plate surface of the floating supporting plate; the fixed support plate is arranged on the side of the floating support plate, and the fixed support plate is detachably fixed on the base. The application provides a detection device for rock sample pressurization test can realize the layering of rock sample horizontal stress and detect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1a is a schematic view of a vertical fracture of a rock;
FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of horizontal fractures of rock;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an overall structure of a detection apparatus for rock sample pressurization test according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rock sample;
FIG. 4 is a side view of a testing device for rock sample compression testing according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view along the direction a-a of fig. 4.
Description of reference numerals:
1-rock; 2-a rock sample; 21-simulating a wellbore; 3-a detection device; 31-a base; 32-acoustic detectors; 33-a support plate; 331-a fixed support plate; 3312-first stationary support plate; 3314-second stationary support plate; 332-a floating support plate; 34-a receiving groove; 35-an elastic member; 36-a first fixation groove; 37-a second fixation slot; 38-a slide rail; 39-a slide rail groove; 40-a limiting column; 41-a wire groove; 42-through hole.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the field of oil exploitation, as shown in fig. 1, in order to detect formation pressurization dynamics, a true triaxial hydraulic pressurization simulation experiment is generally adopted, stress including vertical stress σ z and horizontal principal stresses σ x and σ y is applied to a rock sample in the X, Y, Z axis direction, and the pressurization condition of rock 1 in an actual formation is indirectly detected. However, the existing pressurization testing device applies integral unidirectional stress to the rock 1, and the rock 1 in the actual stratum has heterogeneity, and the stratum stresses at different parts of the rock 1 have certain difference, so that the influence of different stratum stresses on the initiation and expansion of the crack of the rock 1 in the actual stratum is difficult to simulate by the existing pressurization testing device.
In view of the above, the present application provides a testing device for rock sample pressurization testing, the testing device comprising a base, an acoustic detector, and a plurality of support plates, the plurality of support plates being mounted on the base. The backup pad includes floating support plate and a plurality of fixed stay board, and floating support plate passes through the elastic component and is fixed in the middle part of base, and floating support plate can move on the face direction of perpendicular to floating support plate for the base, and fixed stay board sets up in floating support plate side, and fixed stay board detachable is fixed in on the base. During testing, the surface of the supporting plate is in contact with a rock sample to be tested. Be provided with the storage tank in the backup pad, this storage tank is used for holding sound wave detector, and this sound wave detector can monitor the fracture condition of rock sample. The application provides a detection device for rock sample pressurization test can realize the layering of rock sample horizontal stress and detect.
The following describes the technical solution of the present invention and how to solve the above technical problems with specific examples. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in some embodiments. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1a is a schematic view of a vertical fracture of a rock; FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of horizontal fractures of rock; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an overall structure of a detection apparatus for rock sample pressurization test according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rock sample; FIG. 4 is a side view of a testing device for rock sample compression testing according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view along the direction a-a of fig. 4.
The application provides a detection device 3 for a rock sample pressurization test, as shown in fig. 2-4, comprising a base 31, an acoustic detector 32 and a plurality of support plates 33, wherein the base 31 is provided with an installation surface, the support plates 33 are arranged on the installation surface, the surfaces of the support plates 33 extend along the length direction of the base 31, and the surfaces of the support plates 33 are in contact with a rock sample 2 to be tested; at least one supporting plate 33 is provided with a containing groove 34, and the acoustic wave detectors 32 are correspondingly arranged in the containing groove 34 one by one.
The mounting surface of the base 31 is an upper surface of the base 31, and the support plate 33 is provided on the surface of the mounting surface. The contact between the surface of the supporting plate 33 and the rock sample 2 to be tested means that, when testing, the supporting plate 33 needs to be ensured to contact with the surface of the rock sample 2, and at this time, the acoustic detector 32 in the accommodating groove 34 on the supporting plate 33 also contacts with the surface of the rock sample 2 to detect the stress and crack of the rock.
The support plate 33 includes a floating support plate 332 and a plurality of fixed support plates 331, as shown in fig. 4, the floating support plate 332 is fixed to the middle of the base 31 by an elastic member 35, and the floating support plate 332 is movable relative to the base 31 in a direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the floating support plate 332; the fixed support plate 331 is disposed at a side of the floating support plate 332, and the fixed support plate 331 is detachably fixed to the base 31.
As described above, the detection apparatus 3 for rock sample pressurization test provided by the present application includes a plurality of support plates 33, the support plates 33 can contact different layers of the rock sample 2, and each support plate 33 is independent from each other, and is free from force interference, thereby realizing the layered test of the rock sample 2.
It should be noted that the actual height of the floating support plate 332 in the middle may be lower than that of the other fixed support plates 331, the floating support plate 332 is raised by the elastic force of the elastic member 35 to contact the rock sample 2, so that the acoustic wave detector 32 thereon can contact and detect the crack propagation signal of the corresponding portion of the rock sample 2, wherein the elastic member 35 may be a spring or the like. The floating support plate 332 and the fixed support plate 331 are in contact with the rock sample 2, and the fixed support plate 331 is in contact with the rock sample 2, that is, a certain extrusion force is generated between the fixed support plate 331 and the rock sample 2, while the floating support plate 332 is only in contact with the rock sample 2 and almost not generates the extrusion force, so that the weight of the rock sample 2 is borne by the fixed support plate 331, because the floating support plate 332 may be the position of a shaft, and the arrangement is more consistent with the stress distribution condition in the actual stratum.
The floating support plate 332 can move relative to the base 31 in a direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the floating support plate 332, due to the elastic force of the elastic member 35, for example, when the spring is forced to expand and contract, the floating support plate 332 can also move.
The fixed support plate 331 is detachably fixed on the base 31, and when part of the fixed support plate 331 is detached, the stress conditions of the fixed plates at different positions can be changed, so that the cracking conditions of the rock sample 2 under different stress conditions can be tested, and the problem of single traditional stress is changed.
In addition, the floating support plate 332 is fixed to the middle of the base 31 through the elastic member 35, as shown in fig. 4, specifically, at least two first fixing slots 36 may be symmetrically formed on one side of the first support plate close to the base 31, for example, four first fixing slots 36 may be formed. The base 31 is provided with a second fixing groove 37 corresponding to the first fixing groove 36, two ends of the elastic element 35 are respectively fixed in the first fixing groove 36 and the second fixing groove 37, and the widths of the first fixing groove 36 and the second fixing groove 37 are adapted to the shape of the elastic element 35.
Through setting up a plurality of backup pads 33, because backup pad 33 sets up side by side along same direction, the rock stratum at different positions on the same horizontal plane of different backup pads 33 contact rock sample 2, mutual independence between the backup pad 33 of difference, different pressure is applyed for each backup pad 33 to the accessible is external, thereby the stress distribution effect of simulation test rock sample 2 at the different layers reason in same direction, and then help the stress distribution effect at the different layers reason in same direction in the actual stratum of research, and confirm to influence the factor that initiates and crack extension, design the scheme for the pressurization construction provides the reference. The fixed plate is detachably arranged, and when part of the fixed supporting plate 331 is detached, the acting force between the fixed supporting plate 331 and the rock sample 2 can be further changed, so that the pressurization research on the rock sample 2 under various different stresses can be conveniently realized. In addition, the detachable arrangement of the fixed support plate 331 also facilitates cleaning.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, at least two accommodating grooves 34 are disposed on the floating support plate 332 and at least a portion of the fixed support plate 331, and the accommodating grooves 34 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the fixed support plate 331 and the floating support plate 332.
It can be understood that, the more the number of the accommodating grooves 34 is, the more the acoustic wave detectors 32 are disposed on the supporting plate 33, the more data the acoustic wave detectors 32 acquire, and the more accurate the test result is. In addition, since the receiving grooves 34 are arranged along the length direction of the fixed supporting plate 331 and the floating supporting plate 332 at intervals, more points can be collected, so that the test result has more reference value.
In one possible embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the plurality of fixed support plates 331 includes a first fixed support plate 3312 and a second fixed support plate 3314, and a width of the first fixed support plate 3312 is greater than a width of the second fixed support plate 3314. The receiving groove 34 can be selectively disposed only on the first fixing support plate 3312.
In this embodiment, the provision of the plurality of first and second fixed supporting plates 3312, 3314 having different widths is mainly because the provision of the wider first fixed supporting plate 3312 facilitates the provision of the accommodating groove 34 because the volume of the accommodating groove 34 needs to be sufficient to accommodate the acoustic wave probe 32, and the second fixed supporting plate 3314 has a narrower width, which has less influence on the overall layered detection.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the length direction of the floating support plate 332 coincides with the length direction of the base 31; the fixed support plates 331 are provided in an even number and are symmetrically disposed at both sides of the floating support plate 332. The symmetrical arrangement mode can make the manufacture simpler.
In another alternative embodiment, the fixed support plate 331 is slidably disposed on the base 31, a sliding direction of the fixed support plate 331 is along a length direction of the fixed support plate 331, and the fixed support plate 331 can be slidably detached from the base 31.
It is understood that the fixed support plate 331 is slidably disposed on the base 31 for one of the embodiments of the fixed support plate 331 to be detachably disposed. The fixed support plate 331 can be slid to the end of the base 31 and then detached from the base 31, enabling detachment.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, a plurality of sliding rails 38 may be disposed at intervals on the surface of the base 31, and the sliding rails 38 protrude from the mounting surface and extend along the length direction of the base 31;
the side of the floating support plate 332 close to the base 31 is provided with a slide rail groove 39, the extending direction of the slide rail groove 39 is the same as that of the slide rail 38 and corresponds to the slide rail 38 one by one, the slide rail 38 and the slide rail groove 39 are matched with each other, so that the floating support plate 332 slides relative to the slide rail 38, and the floating support plate 332 can be separated from the end of the slide rail 38.
The detachable arrangement of the fixing support plates 331 is realized by arranging the slide rails 38 and the slide rail grooves 39 to be matched with each other, and mutual independence between the fixing support plates 331 is realized.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, all the slide rails 38 and the slide rail grooves 39 may be set to have the same size, so that the positions of the different fixed support plates 331 can be interchanged at will, for example, the positions of the first support plate and the second support plate can be adjusted and interchanged, so that the first support plate and the second support plate are combined in various combinations, and the fracture initiation condition of the rock sample 2 under different stress conditions can be tested, and the fracture propagation rules of different rock stratum positions can be tested more accurately.
Of course, the above-mentioned slidable detachable manner is only one specific embodiment, and other detachable manners such as clamping, bolt fastening, etc. are included in the scope of the inventive concept of the present application.
In addition, as shown in fig. 4, the detection device 3 for the rock sample pressurization test further includes a limiting column 40, one end of the limiting column 40 is fixed to the base 31, one side of the floating support plate 332 facing the base 31 is correspondingly provided with a groove (not shown in the figure), and the other end of the limiting column 40 is embedded in the groove to limit the movement of the floating support plate 332 along the plate surface direction.
It should be noted that the purpose of the limiting column 40 is to limit the movement of the floating support plate 332 in the plate surface direction, but not to limit the movement of the floating support plate 332 in the direction perpendicular to the plate surface direction of the floating support plate 332. The spacing posts 40 may be selected to be a clearance fit or a sliding contact with the recesses of the floating support plate 332 to effect such movement.
Specifically, for example, the depth of the groove is deep, and the end of the position-limiting column 40 close to the groove has a certain distance from the bottom of the groove, so that the floating support plate 332 has a certain moving space in the direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the floating support plate 332.
It will be appreciated that the retaining groove serves to connect the base 31 and the floating support plate 332.
In another possible embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a wire groove 41 is further formed on the plate surface of the supporting plate 33, one end of the wire groove 41 is communicated with the accommodating groove 34, the other end extends to the edge of the supporting plate 33, and the connecting wire of the acoustic wave detector 32 is disposed in the wire groove 41.
The wiring groove 41 is formed on the plate surface of the support plate 33, and the connecting wire of the acoustic wave probe 32 is disposed in the wiring groove 41, so that the connecting wire can be prevented from being exposed to the outside and being pressed by the rock sample 2 or being touched by other objects to be damaged.
In an alternative embodiment, the floating support plate 332 is a light panel (not shown); alternatively, the floating support plate 332 is provided with a through hole 42 (refer to fig. 2), and the through hole 42 is used for being arranged opposite to the simulated wellbore 21.
In this test, since the actual shaft and the surrounding rock formation environment are simulated, the simulation shaft 21 penetrating through the center of the rock sample 2 needs to be opened, the floating support plate 332 in contact with one end of the simulation shaft 21 is provided with the through hole 42 at a position corresponding to the shaft, the floating support plate 332 in contact with the other surface of the rock sample 2 does not need to be provided with the through hole 42, and the floating support plate 332 is a light plate which means the floating support plate 332 not provided with the simulation shaft 21.
Alternatively, the base 31 and the support plate 33 are made of aluminum alloy, wherein the size of the base plate can be set to 290mm × 290mm × 7mm, the size of the first fixed support plate 3312 can be set to 290mm × 50mm × 33mm, and the size of the floating support plate 332 can be set to 290mm × 100mm × 30 mm.
The application still another a detecting system for rock sample 2 pressurization test, including pressure device and a plurality of above-mentioned detection device 3 that is used for rock sample pressurization test, a plurality of detection device 3 contact with the face of awaiting measuring of rock sample 2 that awaits measuring, and pressure device is used for exerting pressure to rock sample 2 that awaits measuring. The detection device 3 for rock sample pressurization test is the same as the above structure, and is not described in detail herein.
It should be noted that, the rock sample 2 commonly used at present is in a cube shape, and as shown in fig. 3, the detection device 3 may be disposed on the surface to be tested of the rock sample 2 when the pressure test of the rock sample 2 is performed, and it should be noted that the floating support plate 332 provided with the through hole 42 should correspond to the side surface corresponding to the end portion of the simulated shaft 21 of the rock sample 2, and if the surface to be tested is the side surface not provided with a shaft, the floating support plate 332 may be selected to be the detection device 3 of the light plate.
The detection system for rock sample pressurization test further comprises a pressurizing device, and the pressurizing device applies pressure to each supporting plate 33 of each detection device 3 for rock sample pressurization test, so that the rock sample 2 to be tested is applied with pressure, and the pressure is used for simulating the pressure of rock layers around a shaft in an actual stratum. In addition, the simulation wellbore 21 is injected with fracturing fluid to simulate the pressure holding process in the actual fracturing process.
In the fracturing test process, the fracturing condition of the pressurized rock sample 2 is detected through the acoustic detector 32, and the actual fracturing technology is helped to be researched in the oil and gas development process.
Optionally, the pressurizing device has a size of 290mm × 290mm × 40mm, and the pressure range of the pressurizing device is 0-50 MPa.
For the sake of understanding, the working principle of the detection device 3 and the detection system for rock sample pressurization test provided in the present application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In one specific example, the dimensions of rock sample 2 were chosen to be 300mm by 300 mm.
In the process of pressurizing the rock sample 2 by the pressurizing device, since the supporting plate 33 is provided in plurality, for example, seven, and each supporting plate 33 is independent, the rock sample 2 is divided into seven independent stresses in each direction to act on the rock sample 2 under the action of the detecting device 3, as shown in fig. 3, the seven independent stresses include a vertical principal stress: sigma z =σ z1 +⋯+σ z7 Horizontal principal stress: sigma x =σ x1 +⋯+σ x7 ，σ y =σ y1 +⋯+σ y7 . The layers above the rock sample in fig. 3 represent the rock formations.
The fixed supporting plates 331 are mutually matched through the sliding rails 38 and the sliding rail grooves 39 to realize detachable arrangement, so that the number of the fixed supporting plates 331 can be conveniently selected and the positions of the fixed supporting plates 331 can be conveniently adjusted according to experimental requirements. Due to the heterogeneity of the rock sample 2, the stress on different rock stratums of the rock sample 2 corresponding to each fixing plate is not completely the same, the cracking conditions are different, different stresses are applied to different rock stratums of the rock sample 2 through different supporting plates 33, and the cracking rules of different rock stratums are monitored. The limiting columns 40 limit the freedom degree of the floating support plate 332 in five directions, and can only move up and down in the direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the floating support plate 332, and the elastic pieces 35 play a role in pre-tightening the floating support plate 332, i.e., the floating support plate 332 is ensured not to generate acting force with the floating support plate 332 while touching the rock sample 2.
Before use, the acoustic wave probe 32 may be installed in the accommodating groove 34, and the connecting wires of the acoustic wave probe 32 may be placed in the wire guiding groove 41. Alternatively, for example, three receiving grooves 34 may be provided on the first fixed support plate 3312, two receiving grooves 34 may be provided on the floating support plate 332, and the two receiving grooves 34 may be respectively provided at two opposite ends of the simulated wellbore 21 along the length direction of the floating support plate 332.
When the fracturing simulation test is carried out, according to the experimental requirements to be simulated, the detection device 3 can be arranged on the side surface of the rock sample 2 needing to be pressurized in a layering way, and then X, Y, Z acting forces in three directions are applied to the detection device 3 through the pressurizing device, so that the rock sample 2 is subjected to stress in three directions, and the stress to which the rock in the stratum is subjected is simulated. It will be readily appreciated that the monitoring devices described above need to be located at least laterally of the rock sample 2 to be tested in three different directions respectively to achieve application of force in X, Y, Z directions of the rock sample 2.
It should be noted that, according to the experimental requirements and the characteristics of the bedding of the rock sample 2, different numbers of the supporting plates 33 can be selected for different sides of the rock sample 2 to support. The rock sample 2 is fixed on different supporting plates 33, the stress among the supporting plates 33 is independent, when one side of the rock sample 2 is stressed, the stress is firstly applied on the detection device 3 and is dispersed on the supporting plates 33 of the detection device 3, and then the stress transmits each component force to different stratums corresponding to the rock sample 2 through the supporting plates 33, so that different stratums on the same surface of the rock sample 2 can obtain different stress distribution effects, thereby achieving the purpose of layering and pressurizing and helping to more accurately research the influence of the stratum stress on the crack initiation and extension rules of the rock sample.
The application provides a detection device 3 and a detection system for rock sample pressurization test. The detection device 3 for the rock sample pressurization test comprises a base 31, an acoustic detector 32 and a plurality of support plates 33, wherein the base 31 is provided with an installation surface, the support plates 33 are arranged on the installation surface, the plate surfaces of the support plates 33 extend along the length direction of the base 31, and the plate surfaces of the support plates 33 are in contact with the rock sample 2 to be tested; at least one supporting plate 33 is provided with a containing groove 34, and the acoustic wave detectors 32 are arranged in the containing groove 34 in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the support plate 33 includes a floating support plate 332 and a plurality of fixed support plates 331, the floating support plate 332 is fixed to the middle of the base 31 by the elastic member 35, and the floating support plate 332 is movable with respect to the base 31 in a direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the floating support plate 332; the fixed support plate 331 is disposed at a side of the floating support plate 332, and the fixed support plate 331 is detachably fixed to the base 31. The application provides a detection device 3 for rock sample pressurization test can realize the layering of 2 horizontal stresses on rock sample and detect.
The terms "upper" and "lower" are used for describing relative positions of the structures in the drawings, and are only for the sake of clarity, but not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship changes or adjustments are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention without substantial technical changes.
It should be noted that: in the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In addition, in the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The detection device for the rock sample pressurization test is characterized by comprising a base, an acoustic detector and a plurality of support plates, wherein the base is provided with a mounting surface, the support plates are arranged on the mounting surface, the plate surfaces of the support plates extend along the length direction of the base, and the plate surfaces of the support plates are in contact with a rock sample to be tested; accommodating grooves are formed in at least one supporting plate, and the sound wave detectors are arranged in the accommodating grooves in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the supporting plate comprises a floating supporting plate and a plurality of fixed supporting plates, the floating supporting plate is fixed in the middle of the base through an elastic piece, and the floating supporting plate can move relative to the base in a direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the floating supporting plate; the fixed supporting plate is arranged on the side of the floating supporting plate and detachably fixed on the base;
the fixed supporting plate is abutted to the rock sample, and the floating supporting plate is only contacted with the rock sample.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the floating support plate and at least a portion of the fixed support plate are each provided with at least two receiving slots, the receiving slots being spaced apart along a length of the fixed support plate and the floating support plate.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the plurality of fixed support plates comprises a first fixed support plate and a second fixed support plate, the first fixed support plate has a width greater than a width of the second fixed support plate, and the receiving groove is disposed only on the first fixed support plate.
4. A testing device for rock sample pressurization testing according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the length direction of the floating support plate is coincident with the length direction of the base; the number of the fixed supporting plates is even, and the fixed supporting plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the floating supporting plate.
5. The testing device for rock sample pressurization test according to claim 1, wherein the fixed support plate is slidably disposed on the base, a sliding direction of the fixed support plate is along a length direction of the fixed support plate, and the fixed support plate is slidably detached from the base.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein a plurality of rails are spaced apart from each other on the surface of the base, and the rails protrude from the mounting surface and extend along the length of the base;
the side, close to the base, of the floating support plate is provided with a slide rail groove, the extending direction of the slide rail groove is the same as that of the slide rail and corresponds to the slide rail one by one, the slide rail and the slide rail groove are matched with each other, so that the floating support plate can slide relative to the slide rail, and the floating support plate can be separated from the end part of the slide rail.
7. The device for testing the pressurization of the rock sample according to claim 1, further comprising a limiting column, wherein one end of the limiting column is fixed on the base, one side of the floating support plate facing the base is correspondingly provided with a groove, and the other end of the limiting column is embedded into the groove so as to limit the movement of the floating support plate along the plate surface direction.
8. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the support plate has a wire guide slot formed on a surface thereof, one end of the wire guide slot is connected to the accommodating slot, the other end extends to an edge of the support plate, and a connecting wire of the sonic detector is disposed in the wire guide slot.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the floating support plate is a light plate; or, a through hole is formed in the floating support plate and used for being arranged opposite to the simulation shaft.
10. A test system for rock sample compression testing comprising a compression device and a plurality of test devices for rock sample compression testing as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, the plurality of test devices being in contact with a surface to be tested of a rock sample to be tested, the compression device being adapted to apply pressure to the rock sample to be tested.
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