CN113417982A - Multi-belt transmission automatic clutch motor gear shifting fork control continuously variable transmission - Google Patents

Multi-belt transmission automatic clutch motor gear shifting fork control continuously variable transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113417982A
CN113417982A CN202110668894.1A CN202110668894A CN113417982A CN 113417982 A CN113417982 A CN 113417982A CN 202110668894 A CN202110668894 A CN 202110668894A CN 113417982 A CN113417982 A CN 113417982A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
transmission
belt
pulley
driving
sliding
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CN202110668894.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113417982B (en
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冀满喜
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Individual
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Publication of CN113417982B publication Critical patent/CN113417982B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H9/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members
    • F16H9/02—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion
    • F16H9/04—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion using belts, V-belts, or ropes
    • F16H9/12—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion using belts, V-belts, or ropes engaging a pulley built-up out of relatively axially-adjustable parts in which the belt engages the opposite flanges of the pulley directly without interposed belt-supporting members
    • F16H9/16—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion using belts, V-belts, or ropes engaging a pulley built-up out of relatively axially-adjustable parts in which the belt engages the opposite flanges of the pulley directly without interposed belt-supporting members using two pulleys, both built-up out of adjustable conical parts
    • F16H9/18—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion using belts, V-belts, or ropes engaging a pulley built-up out of relatively axially-adjustable parts in which the belt engages the opposite flanges of the pulley directly without interposed belt-supporting members using two pulleys, both built-up out of adjustable conical parts only one flange of each pulley being adjustable
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D43/00—Automatic clutches
    • F16D43/02—Automatic clutches actuated entirely mechanically
    • F16D43/20—Automatic clutches actuated entirely mechanically controlled by torque, e.g. overload-release clutches, slip-clutches with means by which torque varies the clutching pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/035—Gearboxes for gearing with endless flexible members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/66—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings
    • F16H61/662—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings with endless flexible members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/32—Gear shift yokes, e.g. shift forks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H2057/02039—Gearboxes for particular applications
    • F16H2057/02043—Gearboxes for particular applications for vehicle transmissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H2057/02086—Measures for reducing size of gearbox, e.g. for creating a more compact transmission casing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H2057/02091—Measures for reducing weight of gearbox
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/304—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms the final output mechanisms comprising elements moved by electrical or magnetic force
    • F16H2063/3059—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms the final output mechanisms comprising elements moved by electrical or magnetic force using racks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmissions By Endless Flexible Members (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-belt transmission automatic clutch motor gear shifting fork control continuously variable transmission, and belongs to the technical field of continuously variable transmission. The invention has the advantages of low cost, simple structure and stable performance of the automatic clutch function and the manual transmission, and excellent riding comfort, controllability and fuel economy of the CVT stepless automatic transmission, overcomes and solves a plurality of problems of the existing transmission, realizes the functions of automatic clutch, power transmission and speed change by the coordinated operation of the transmission shell, the multi-belt transmission device, the transmission ratio control device and the clutch device, meets the use requirements of the technical field of the existing stepless transmission, and has the characteristics of simple structure, large torque, high non-skid transmission efficiency, low manufacturing cost, easy manufacturing performance and excellent maintenance cost due to the adoption of the multi-belt transmission technology, thereby being suitable for comprehensive popularization.

Description

Multi-belt transmission automatic clutch motor gear shifting fork control continuously variable transmission
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of manufacturing of stepless automatic gearboxes.
Background
1. Taking an automobile as an example, the existing automobile gearboxes are roughly divided into two types, one type is a manual gearbox and the other type is an automatic gearbox, the manual gearbox has the advantages of low manufacturing cost and stable mature performance, the defect is that the riding comfort is poor, the operation is complicated, the work of frequently matching a clutch is required, the higher requirement on the driving skill of a driver is not easy to grasp, the automatic gearbox is further divided into a multi-stage gear automatic gearbox and a steel belt stepless automatic gearbox (CVT), the multi-stage gear automatic gearbox transfers the gear shifting action needing the manual operation of the driver to a mechanical device and a hydraulic device, the defects that the riding comfort is common, the automatic gear shifting action has a speed which is obviously lagged behind the manual operation and a more obvious pause feeling, meanwhile, the gearbox is more complicated, the technical requirement on the processing and manufacturing is higher due to the cost increase, the fault frequency is high, and the steel belt stepless automatic gearbox (CVT) is a, the stepless automatic transmission has the advantages of excellent riding comfort, controllability and fuel economy, has the defects of difficult manufacturing cost, high torque, small adaptability to small-displacement automobiles, easy slipping and fracture of a steel belt, high maintenance cost and foreign control of key technologies, so that the stepless automatic transmission which has the advantages of the two transmissions and can overcome the defects is urgently needed in the technical field of the current automobile transmission.
2. At present, the power must be transmitted between the engine and the transmission of the automobile through a clutch or a fluid coupling connection, which necessarily loses a part of the power, and further increases the weight, the volume and the axial dimension of the transmission, which is not favorable for the overall structural design and the performance of the automobile.
3. At present, the large torque, small volume and low oil consumption of the stepless transmission are one of the main development directions.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention is to solve and overcome the above technical problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an automatic stepless transmission controlled by a multi-belt transmission automatic clutch motor gear fork, which has excellent riding comfort, controllability, fuel economy, fast speed-up, light weight, small volume, simple structure, easy manufacture, low performance, easy maintenance, and easy maintenance.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose comprises the following steps: the automatic clutch comprises a gearbox shell, a multi-belt transmission device, a transmission ratio control device and an automatic clutch device.
Detailed Description
The transmission case is divided into a lower case and an upper cover (the lower case and the upper cover are not limited to an upper structure and a lower structure, but only show that the lower case and the upper cover are divided into a plurality of parts for convenient manufacturing and processing), the lower case and the upper cover are fastened and combined into the whole transmission case by screws, the lower case of the transmission case is provided with a plurality of belt transmission devices and an automatic clutch device, and the upper cover is provided with a transmission ratio control device.
Many belt transmission have power input shaft and power output shaft, power input shaft and power output shaft pass through the parallel interval overall arrangement of bearing and install on the gearbox inferior valve, the diaxon all is long optical axis, and power input end and output end spindle nose processing have the spline, power output end can with power input end homonymy, also the heteronymy, can also both sides export simultaneously, the axle body equidistance corresponds the belt pulley position and has pinhole and ball spout, power input shaft and gearbox inferior valve combination department installs footstep bearing, the last fixed part who installs 3 equidistance arrangement's driving pulley of power input shaft (can also increase or reduce according to the actual demand of transmission power), through fastening pin and power input shaft fastening combination to ensure driving pulley's fixed part and power input shaft synchronous rotation, the slip part (root) of driving pulley is installed to the fixed part homonymy of every driving pulley on the power input shaft (root) equidistance According to the power transmission requirement, the sliding part of each driving pulley can only move axially, the inner sides of the fixed part and the sliding part of each driving pulley are provided with conical surfaces with inclined angles, V-shaped grooves are formed on two opposite sides, the outer side of the sliding part of each driving pulley is provided with a pressure bearing of the same type, the sliding part of each driving pulley and a power input shaft are engaged with a ball sliding groove on the inner wall of a shaft hole of the sliding part through a ball sliding groove on the shaft and balls in the grooves to realize sliding combination (ball cage principle), thereby achieving the purpose that the sliding part of each driving pulley, the fixed part of each driving pulley and the power input shaft keep synchronous rotation, and a clutch needle bearing is arranged on the power input shaft between the sliding part and the fixed part of each driving pulley, a thrust spring is arranged between each clutch needle roller bearing and the fixed part of the driving pulley, a limit collar is arranged at the other side of the fixed part of the driving pulley, the purpose is that when the V-shaped belt groove of the driving pulley is in the widest state, the position of the clutch needle roller bearing is controlled to be in the middle of the bottom edge of the V-shaped belt groove, a circle of U-shaped groove is arranged in the middle of the outer ring of each clutch needle roller bearing, each needle roller bearing can axially slide, a proper radial clearance is arranged between the adjacent side of the fixed part and the sliding part shaft hole of each driving pulley and the clutch needle roller bearing and a power input shaft neck, so that the sliding part of the driving pulley can slide to the fixed part to be in a close state, the fixed parts of 3 driven pulleys arranged at equal intervals and the sliding parts of 3 driven pulleys arranged at equal intervals are also arranged on the power output shaft (the fixed parts and the sliding parts of the driven pulleys arranged at equal intervals can be increased or reduced according to the power transmission requirement, and all correspond to the sliding part and the fixed part of the driving belt pulley one by one), the fixed part of the driven belt pulley just corresponds to the sliding part of the driving belt pulley, the sliding part of the driven belt pulley just corresponds to the fixed part of the driving belt pulley, the sliding part of each driven belt pulley can only move axially, the fixed part of each driven belt pulley is tightly combined with the power output shaft through a fastening pin, the sliding part of each driven belt pulley is engaged with the ball chute on the inner wall of the shaft hole of the sliding part through the ball chute on the power output shaft and the balls in the grooves to realize the sliding combination (ball cage principle), so that the synchronous rotation of the power output shaft, the fixed part and the sliding part of the driven belt pulley is ensured, the pressure springs of the same model are arranged on the outer side of the sliding part of each driven belt pulley, one side of the pressure spring is pressed on the other side of the outer side of the sliding part of the driven belt pulley and is fixed on the power through the fastening pin The clamp ring of the output shaft (the outermost pressure spring) presses the outer side of the fixed part of the driven belt pulley on one adjacent side, the other side presses the outer side of the sliding part of the driven belt pulley, the sliding part of each driven belt pulley is forced to abut against the fixed part of the driven belt pulley, the inner sides of the fixed part and the sliding part of each driven belt pulley are conical surfaces with inclined angles, V-shaped grooves are formed on two sides of each conical surface, the inclined angles of the V-shaped grooves of all the driving belt pulleys and the driven belt pulleys are the same, the same special-made transmission belt with an isosceles trapezoid cross section is used between each group of driving belt pulleys and each group of driven belt pulleys, the inclined angle of the isosceles trapezoid of the transmission belt is the same as the inclined angle of the V-shaped belt grooves of the driving belt and the driven belt pulleys, and a circle of U-shaped bulge is specially made in the middle of the inner ring of the transmission belt, therefore, the power of the engine is transmitted to the power output shaft through the power input shaft, the driving belt pulley, the transmission belt and the driven belt pulley of the transmission device, and the power transmission process is completed.
The transmission ratio control device is arranged on the upper cover of the gearbox, the transmission ratio control device has two preferable schemes, one scheme is a sliding fork control method and the other scheme is a fixed fork control method, and the sliding fork control method comprises the following steps: the automatic transmission comprises a sliding chute, a rack, a sliding rail, a 3-unit equidistant sliding shifting fork (the number of the shifting forks is consistent with the number of sliding parts of all driving belt pulleys and can be increased or decreased according to transmission needs), a reduction gear set and a control motor, wherein the sliding rail is arranged on the inner side of an upper cover of a transmission case and is parallel to a power input shaft, and is close to the position of the power input shaft, the 3-unit equidistant sliding shifting fork main body is provided with the sliding chute parallel to the power input shaft, the sliding chute is vertical to the shifting fork, the shifting fork is arranged on the sliding rail through the sliding chute in a vertical state, the shifting fork is controlled to slide only in the axial direction of the power input shaft, the shifting fork (the number of the shifting fork can be increased or reduced according to the power transmission needs and is consistent with the number of the sliding parts of the driving belt pulleys) is respectively pressed on a pressure bearing on the outer side of the sliding parts of the driving belt pulleys, and the rack is arranged on one side parallel to the sliding rail groove on the shifting fork main body, the rack passes through an opening of the upper cover of the gearbox and is meshed with a pinion of a reduction gear set arranged at an opening position outside the upper cover of the gearbox, a gear wheel of the reduction gear set is meshed with a gear arranged on a control motor at a corresponding position outside the upper cover of the gearbox, so that the axial sliding control of the motor to a 3-combined sliding fork is realized, the 3-combined sliding fork pushes and presses 3 pressure bearings arranged on a sliding part of the driving pulley under the control of the motor and the reduction gear set, when the pressure of the fork is greater than the pressure of a spring arranged on the sliding part of the driven pulley to the outside of the sliding part of the driven pulley, the sliding part of the driving pulley is gradually close to a fixed part of the driving pulley under the condition that the transmission device continuously rotates, the transmission belt in a V-shaped belt groove of the driving pulley is extruded, so that the working radius of the transmission belt on the driving pulley is gradually increased, because the length of the transmission belt is unchanged, the working radius of the transmission belt in the V-shaped belt groove on the driven pulley is forced to be gradually reduced, so that the gradual reduction of the rotating speed ratio of the power input shaft and the power output shaft is completed, according to the formula: the transmission ratio is equal to the rotation speed of the driving wheel/the rotation speed of the driven wheel, the transmission ratio is gradually reduced from big to small, conversely, when the 3-linked sliding fork reduces the pressure on the pressure bearing on the sliding part of each driving pulley under the control of the motor and the reduction gear set, and the pressure is smaller than the pressure of the spring on the driven pulley on the sliding part, the sliding part of each driving pulley is gradually far away from the fixed part, the driving belt in the V-shaped belt groove of each driven pulley is gradually pressed close to the fixed part under the pressure of the spring on the sliding part of each driven pulley, the working radius of the driving belt in the V-shaped belt groove of the driven pulley is gradually increased, the length of the driving belt is unchanged, so the working radius of the driving belt in the V-shaped belt groove of each driving pulley is gradually reduced, and the rotation speed ratio of the power input shaft and the power output shaft is gradually increased from small, according to the formula: the transmission ratio of the power input shaft and the power output shaft is gradually increased from small to small, so that the transmission ratio of the multi-belt transmission device is controlled by the transmission ratio control device, and the purpose of stepless speed change is achieved.
The other fixed shifting fork control method is characterized in that 3 shifting forks which are connected at equal intervals are fixed on a lower shell of a gearbox on one side of a power input shaft, each shifting fork is just pressed on a pressure bearing on the outer side of a sliding part of a driving belt pulley, the axial movement of the sliding part of the driving belt pulley is limited, each fixed part of the driving belt pulley on the power input shaft and the shaft can axially slide integrally, the axial pressure and the moving distance of the input shaft are adjusted through a specific device, and the purpose of adjusting the transmission ratio can be achieved.
The automatic clutch device is another outstanding function in the multi-belt transmission device, under the control of the transmission ratio control device, the 3-linked shifting fork gradually reduces the pressure of the pressure bearings on all the sliding parts of the driving belt pulley until no pressure exists, the V-shaped belt groove of each driving belt pulley reaches the widest bottom edge under the extrusion of the transmission belt and the control of the shifting fork, the maximum width of the V-shaped belt groove is controlled to be larger than 1 mm of the width of the transmission belt in the V-shaped belt groove of each driving belt pulley, the sliding part of each driven belt pulley is pushed by the pressure spring on the outer side of the sliding part of each driven belt pulley to enable the width of the V-shaped belt groove to reach the maximum working radius of the transmission belt in the narrowest groove, each transmission belt inner ring is forced to be pressed on the clutch needle bearing outer ring between the fixed part and the sliding part of the driving belt pulley, and the U-shaped bulge on the transmission belt inner ring is meshed with the U-shaped groove on the needle bearing outer ring, so as to ensure that the transmission belt is positioned in the right middle of the bottom edge of the driving belt pulley and is not contacted with the two sides of the V-shaped belt groove of the driving belt pulley, because the two sides of the V-shaped belt groove of each driving belt pulley are not in pressure contact with the two bevel sides of each transmission belt, the input shaft, the driving belt pulley and the transmission belt rotate relatively through the rotation of the clutch needle bearing, the power transmission is cut off on the clutch needle bearing, thereby the separation action of the clutch is realized, the separation action is finished, when the transmission ratio control device applies pressure to the pressure bearings on the sliding parts of all the driving belt pulleys, the two sides of the V-shaped belt groove of each driving belt pulley gradually press the two bevel sides of the transmission belt in the groove, the friction force is gradually increased along with the increase of the pressure, the working radius of each transmission belt is gradually increased, and the inner ring of the belt leaves the outer ring of the clutch needle bearing, under the combined action of pressure and friction force, each driving belt and each driving pulley gradually change from relative rotation to asynchronous rotation and finally reach synchronous rotation (of course, the process is very short), so that the power cut off on the clutch needle bearing starts to recover again, which is equivalent to the flexible combination action of the clutch, and the clutch operation is completed by the method and the device.
The present invention and the embodiments thereof have been described above, but the description is not limited to the embodiments, and the actual configuration is not limited thereto. In summary, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. A multi-belt transmission automatic clutch motor gear shifting fork control continuously variable transmission comprises: gearbox shell, many belt transmission, drive ratio controlling means, automatic clutch, its characterized in that: a transmission speed change device which is provided with a plurality of transmission belts and is connected with a plurality of groups of driving and driven belt pulleys with adjustable transmission belt working radius and can control transmission ratio (rotating speed ratio) is specifically illustrated by 3 groups of driving belt pulleys and 3 groups of driven belt pulleys of the transmission belts.
2. The transmission housing of claim 1, wherein: the transmission case comprises a transmission case lower shell and an upper cover, wherein the transmission case lower shell is provided with a transmission device consisting of a power input shaft and a power output shaft which are arranged in parallel, the upper cover is provided with a transmission ratio control device, and the transmission case lower shell and the upper cover only represent that the transmission case is composed of two parts and are not limited to an upper structure and a lower structure. Can be decomposed into a plurality of parts according to the processing and manufacturing requirements.
3. The transmission according to claims 1, 2, wherein: the power input shaft and the output shaft which are arranged in parallel are respectively provided with 3 groups of driving belt pulleys and 3 groups of driven belt pulleys (which can be increased or decreased according to power transmission requirements) in an equidistant corresponding way, each group of belt pulleys consists of a fixed part and a sliding part, the inner sides of the belt pulleys are provided with conical surfaces with inclined angles, the conical surfaces are opposite to form V-shaped belt grooves, the inclined angles of the V-shaped belt grooves of all the belt pulleys are the same, the driving belt pulley and the driven belt pulley which correspond to each group are connected by a special transmission belt with an isosceles trapezoid cross section, the inclined angle of two isosceles inclined sides of each transmission belt is the same as the inclined angle of the V-shaped belt grooves of all the belt pulleys, the outer side of the sliding part of each driving belt pulley is provided with a pressure bearing with the same model, and a clutch needle bearing is arranged between the fixed part and the sliding part of each driving belt pulley, the belt pulley shaft holes at two sides of each needle bearing and the power input shaft are provided with proper radial clearances so as not to influence the sliding part of the driving belt pulley to move to a close state towards the fixed part of the driving belt pulley, and the power input shaft, the power output shaft, the driving belt pulley, the driven belt pulley and the transmission belt jointly form a power transmission device.
4. The clutched needle bearing of claim 3, wherein: a thrust spring is arranged between each needle roller bearing and the fixed part of each driving belt pulley, a positioning retainer ring is arranged on the power input shaft on the other side, the function of the positioning retainer ring is to control the needle roller bearings to be positioned in the middle of the bottom edges of the V-shaped belt grooves when the V-shaped belt grooves of the driving belt pulleys are in the widest state, and a circle of U-shaped groove is arranged in the middle of the outer ring of each clutch needle roller bearing.
5. The ratio control device, a preferred method, a sliding fork control method, according to claim 1, wherein: the automatic transmission device comprises 3 multi-unit equidistant shifting forks (the number of the shifting forks is consistent with that of sliding parts of a driving belt pulley and is positioned at a corresponding position, and can be increased or decreased according to the power transmission requirement), a reduction gear, a control motor, sliding chutes, sliding rails and racks, wherein the sliding chutes and the racks are directly processed on a main body of the 3 multi-unit shifting forks in parallel and are vertically arranged with each shifting fork, the sliding chutes and the racks are all parallel with a power input shaft, the sliding rails are arranged on the inner side of an upper cover of a transmission case and are parallel with the power input shaft, the shifting forks are combined with the sliding rails on the inner side of the upper cover of the transmission case in a sliding way through the sliding chutes on the main body, each shifting fork on the 3 multi-unit shifting forks is respectively pressed on a pressure bearing on the outer side of the sliding part of each driving belt pulley, and the rack on one side of the main body of the shifting fork is meshed with a pinion of the reduction gear arranged at a corresponding position on the outer side of the upper cover of the transmission case through an opening on the transmission case, the large gear of the reduction gear is meshed with a gear on a control motor arranged at a corresponding position outside an upper cover of the gearbox, so that the axial sliding control of the motor on the 3-linked shifting fork is completed, the axial sliding control of the control motor on the sliding part of the driving belt pulley is realized, the purpose of adjustable control of the working radius of the transmission belt on the driving belt pulley and the driven belt pulley is achieved, the control of the transmission ratio control device on the transmission ratio of the transmission device is also completed, and the purpose of speed change is achieved.
6. The gear ratio control device according to claim 1, another preferable method, a fixed fork control method, characterized in that: 3 the equidistant fork of antithetical couplet dress is fixed on the gearbox inferior valve and is arranged with power input shaft parallel, every fork just in time presses on the pressure bearing in every driving pulley sliding part outside, restricts its axial slip, and the fixed part of power input shaft and epaxial driving pulley can be the axial slip together, because the driving pulley sliding part receives the restriction of fixed fork can not the axial slip, so when the fixed part of every driving pulley slides with the input shaft together, also can change the distance between fixed part of driving pulley and the sliding part, consequently under the control of controlling means, adjust the sliding distance of power input shaft, just also controlled the working radius of transmission belt on the belt pulley, reach the purpose of variable speed.
7. The power input shaft and the power output shaft according to claims 3 and 5, wherein: the two shafts are all long optical shafts, splines are processed on a power input end and an output end shaft head, the power output end can be arranged at the same side as the power input end, can be arranged at the opposite side and can output at the same time from two sides, pin holes and ball sliding grooves are formed in positions, corresponding to belt pulleys, of the shaft bodies at equal intervals, thrust bearings are arranged at the joint of the power input shaft and the lower shell of the gearbox, and the two shafts and the lower shell of the gearbox are arranged in a parallel and spaced mode through the bearings.
8. The drive belt of claim 3, wherein: all the transmission belts are specially-made triangular transmission belts with the same type and isosceles trapezoid cross sections, the inclination angles of two bevel edges of each transmission belt are consistent with the inclination angles of V-shaped belt grooves of all belt pulleys in the transmission device, and a circle of U-shaped protrusion is arranged in the middle of the inner side of each transmission belt and can be just meshed with the U-shaped groove of the needle bearing outer ring.
9. The automatic clutch device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the automatic clutch device is another outstanding function in the transmission device of claim 3, when the transmission ratio control device applies no pressure to all the sliding parts of the driving pulley, under the continuous rotation state of the transmission device, the two sides of the V-shaped belt groove of the driving pulley are extruded by the transmission belt and under the control of the shifting fork, the bottom edge of the belt groove is widest and the width is larger than 1 mm of the cross section width of the transmission belt, the working radius of the transmission belt on the driven pulley is increased to the maximum under the pushing force of the pressure spring outside the sliding parts of the driven pulley, the inner side of the transmission belt is forced to press on the needle bearing outer ring in the middle of the driving pulley, the U-shaped bulge on the belt inner ring is meshed with the U-shaped groove on the needle bearing outer ring, because the inner side of the driving pulley has no pressure and no contact with the two bevel sides of the transmission belt, therefore, after the transmission ratio control device applies pressure to the pressure bearing on the sliding part of the driving pulley and the pressure is greater than that of the pressure spring on the driven pulley to the sliding part, the sliding part of the driving pulley begins to press the driving belt towards the inner side of the fixed part of the driving pulley, so that the inner side of the driving belt leaves the needle bearing, and the driving belt gradually forms synchronous rotation with the driving pulley under the action of the pressure and the friction force (the action is completed in a very short time), the power transmission is connected, and the combination action is completed, which is equivalent to the flexible combination action of the clutch.
CN202110668894.1A 2021-06-15 2021-06-15 Multi-belt transmission automatic clutch motor gear shifting fork control stepless speed change box Active CN113417982B (en)

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