CN111255866A

CN111255866A - Chain transmission stepless speed change device

Info

Publication number: CN111255866A
Application number: CN202010253102.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Xiamen Langzhi Electromechanical Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Xiamen Langzhi Electromechanical Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-20
Filing date: 2020-03-20
Publication date: 2020-06-09

Abstract

The invention discloses a chain transmission stepless speed change device in the mechanical field, which mainly comprises a sliding seat base disc system, a sliding support system, a speed regulation conical disc, a control system, a chain and a main shaft transmission system, wherein the sliding support is arranged in a ball sliding groove of the sliding seat base disc through a ball, a chain wheel is arranged on the support, and the working radius of a chain wheel group is changed by controlling the radial position of the support on the sliding seat base disc, so that the purpose of stepless speed change is realized. The invention overcomes the defects of weak large torque transmission capability and certain friction loss of a metal V-belt friction type stepless speed change device, can better realize the large torque stepless speed change function in the designed speed change range, particularly can smoothly and continuously change speed, can carry out open-loop control and closed-loop control, and has special significance for the stepless speed change control in the mechanical field, particularly the stepless speed change control in the automobile field.

Description

Chain transmission stepless speed change device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a mechanical stepless speed change device, in particular to a chain transmission stepless speed change device.

Background

The speed change device is an important device in the mechanical field, and is divided into a step speed change device and a stepless speed change device from a speed change mode, and the ideal speed change device is a stepless speed change device which can realize continuous smooth speed change, but relatively complicated stepless speed change and hydraulic transmission, but has lower mechanical efficiency, and motor transmission can also be realized, but the speed change device is used in an electric power system. At present, a mechanical stepless speed change device is mainly a metal V-belt friction type stepless speed change device, but because the friction force of a metal V belt is utilized to transmit power, the capability of transmitting large torque is weak, certain friction loss exists, the reliability is also poor, and the mechanical stepless speed change device is generally used in a system with relatively small power.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention solves the technical problem of providing a stepless speed change device for chain transmission power, overcomes the defects of weak large torque transmission capability and certain friction loss of a metal V-belt friction type stepless speed change device, and can better realize the large-torque stepless speed change function in the designed speed change range.

The invention realizes the chain transmission stepless speed change function through the following technical scheme: a chain-driven stepless speed variator is composed of slide base disc system, slide supporter, chain wheel system, speed regulating conic disc and control system, chain and mainshaft drive system.

The slide base plate system is one of the main devices of power input, output and intermediate power transmission, and is configured in pairs, two are a pair, one is power input and the other is power output, and can be cascaded, the output of the previous pair is used as the input of the next pair, the more the cascade number is, the larger the stepless speed change range is, and the total speed change ratio is the product of all stages of speed change ratios.

The sliding support and chain wheel system is a chain wheel group supported by the sliding support, and mainly comprises a main sliding support, a secondary sliding support, a main chain wheel, a secondary chain wheel, a chain wheel limit nut, a chain wheel tension spring and the like.

The speed regulating conic disc and control system as the main speed regulating controller consists of conic disc, bearing, displacement support, speed regulating pull wire, displacement controller, etc.

The chain and main shaft transmission system is a main device for power input, power intermediate transmission and power output, and mainly consists of input shaft, output shaft, intermediate transmission shaft (two-pair or more linkage system), chain, guide chain wheel and tension chain wheel.

Preferably, the sliding base plate is a cylindrical disc with a plurality of groups of ball sliding grooves arranged in the radial direction, a spline shaft hole arranged in the center, and a shaft neck and a fixed pulley hole seat arranged at corresponding positions at one axial end.

Preferably, the main sliding support is a combination body provided with a conical disc sliding surface, a ball sliding groove, a main chain wheel shaft, a main chain wheel limiting block, a wire pulling hole seat, a tension spring hole seat and the like, wherein the main chain wheel is a special chain wheel and is arranged on the main chain wheel shaft, part of the excircle of the chain wheel is provided with chain teeth, the number of the chain teeth is generally three to five, the central tooth is taken as a radial central line (normal line), the chain wheels at two sides of the central line are symmetrically provided with rotating limiting blocks, the corresponding positions of the main chain wheel shaft are also provided with the rotating limiting blocks, the main chain wheel and the chain wheel shaft are limited to rotate relatively in a positive direction or a reverse direction within a set angle range, and the chain wheel shaft is rigidly connected with the sliding support, so that the main chain wheel can play a role of supporting the chain to radially expand (contract) the diameter, and can play a role of tooth chain combination transmission power, and simultaneously, the main chain wheel, the tension spring hook hole is arranged, the main chain wheel and the support are elastically positioned by the chain wheel tension spring, when the main chain wheel is not meshed with the chain, the main chain wheel and the rotating centrifugal force of the chain wheel jointly act, the gravity center of the whole main chain wheel is positioned on the central tooth as a central line (normal line) and leans against the tooth side of the chain, and therefore the tooth when the main chain wheel is meshed with the chain is a middle tooth or a middle side tooth conveniently.

Preferably, the auxiliary sliding support is substantially the same as the main sliding support, except that the auxiliary sliding support is not provided with a limit block, and the auxiliary chain wheel is not provided with a rotation limit block as the main chain wheel, and the rest parts are the same.

Preferably, the speed regulation cone disc and the control system, the speed regulation cone disc is a disc with a cone angle of 45 degrees with the axis, a slideway is arranged on the conical surface and a speed regulation stay wire hole seat is arranged at the corresponding position, the slideway and the hole seat respectively correspond to the ball sliding groove of the sliding base disc, a bearing is arranged on the speed regulation cone disc and is connected with a displacement support for controlling the displacement through the bearing, the main shaft of the displacement support is a hollow shaft so as to conveniently arrange a middle shaft to be connected with the corresponding sliding base disc, a displacement control device is a device for controlling the displacement of the cone disc through external mechanical force (can be driven by a hydraulic oil cylinder, a hydraulic oil pump, a motor and the like and has a self-locking function), the function of the speed regulation cone disc is that when the speed regulation cone disc axially moves, the cone disc slideway tightly pushes the sliding surface of the sliding support cone disc to jointly act with the speed regulation stay wire, thereby controlling, thereby adjusting the rotating diameter of the chain wheel rotating group and achieving the purpose of speed regulation.

Preferably, in the chain and spindle transmission system, the input shaft is connected with the power input sliding base discs, the intermediate transmission shaft is used for connecting two or more pairs of intermediate transmission sliding base discs (arranged in the hollow conical disc bracket), the output shaft is connected with the power output sliding base discs, each pair of chains is mutually linked with each pair of sliding base disc chaining wheel sets, a guide chain wheel is arranged on the tight edge of each chain and fixed on the machine base to change the direction of the chains so as to improve the meshing effect of chain teeth, and a tensioning chain wheel is arranged on the loose edge of each chain and elastically connected with the machine base while ensuring the meshing direction with the chains so as to ensure that the length of the chains can meet the system requirements in all speed change ranges.

The invention has the positive improvement effects that: the chain-driven stepless speed change device can be used in various mechanical devices requiring speed change, in particular in the field of automobiles, is connected with a planetary gear speed changer, can realize forward and reverse control, improves the speed change ratio range, can adapt to a larger torque system, has higher mechanical efficiency, can change speed smoothly and continuously, can be controlled in an open loop mode and a closed loop mode, and is simple and reliable in speed change control.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a two-pair six-chute chain transmission stepless speed change device.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a single slider base plate.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a single main sliding bracket.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a single pair of sliding supports.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a single main sprocket configuration.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a single pair sprocket arrangement.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a single speed regulation conical disc.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the deceleration effect.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the speed increasing effect.

Detailed Description

The following provides a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a chain-driven stepless transmission with two pairs of six sliding chutes, which mainly comprises an input shaft 101, four

sliding bases

102, 105, 112, 115, four speed-adjusting

conical discs

103, 104, 113, 114, one of two main sliding brackets 106 (eight in total) on each sliding base, one of four pairs of sliding brackets 107 on each sliding base, an output shaft 108, a hydraulic motor 109, one of two displacement brackets 110, balls 111 of sliding base chutes of balls, six speed-adjusting pull wires 116 in each group, two sprocket tension springs 117 on each sprocket, one of two tension sprockets 118, one of two guide sprockets 119, one of two guide sprockets, two tight sides of two chains, one of two chains 120, six sliding chutes of sliding bases arranged at 60 degrees symmetrically, two main sliding brackets arranged on the diagonal of the sliding bases, mutually forming 180 degrees, four pairs of sliding supports are arranged, and the main sliding support and the adjacent pair of sliding supports form an angle of 60 degrees with each other.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a single six-groove sliding base plate, which mainly comprises a sliding base plate journal 201, one of six ball sliding grooves 202 symmetrically arranged at 60 degrees on the circumference, a ball baffle fixing screw hole 203, and a speed-regulating wire-pulling turning pulley seat hole 204.

As shown in fig. 3, the main sliding bracket mainly includes a combination of a ball chute 301, a main sprocket rotation limiting block 302, a main sprocket shaft 303, a speed-adjusting wire-drawing hole seat 304, a sprocket tension spring hole seat 305, a conical disc sliding surface 306, and the like.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the secondary sliding support, which is substantially the same as the primary sliding support except that the position of the limiting block is a cylindrical platform 401.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a main sprocket, which mainly comprises a rotation limiting block 501, a sprocket 502, a sprocket tension spring hole seat 503, and the like.

As shown in FIG. 6, the structure of the auxiliary chain wheel is the same as that of the main chain wheel except that no rotation limiting block is provided.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a speed regulation cone disc, which is a cone disc assembly with a cone surface of 45 degrees and is composed of a speed regulation stay wire hole seat 701, a bearing seat 702, a slideway 703 and the like.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: as shown in fig. 1, the displacement control device controls the hydraulic motor 107 to rotate, the displacement bracket 108 is driven to move by the gear (the displacement bracket is supported on the machine base by the slide block), the speed regulation conical disc moves on the displacement bracket by the action of the speed regulation conical disc bearing, the main (pair) sliding bracket is driven to move radially on the sliding base disc by the ball 111 (the displacement of the displacement bracket is the same as the radial displacement of each sliding bracket because the taper of the speed regulation conical disc is 45 degrees), and the main chain wheel and the pair chain wheel are both arranged on the chain wheel shaft of each main (pair) sliding bracket, so that the working radius of the chain wheel group on each sliding base disc is changed, the chain wheel group of each pair of sliding base discs is changed in diameter, one side is increased in diameter, the other side is decreased (shown in fig. 7 and 8), and under the action of the chain, thereby achieving the purpose of stepless speed regulation.

In the operation process, the speed regulating conical disc and the bracket chain wheel group on each sliding base disc rotate at the same speed. The chain transmits power by a main chain wheel in an engagement area in a chain wheel group, and the main chain wheel can transmit power because a rotation limiting block of the main chain wheel is combined with a limiting block on a main chain wheel shaft to limit the main chain wheel to rotate on the chain wheel shaft, and because two main chain wheels in each group of chain wheels are distributed at 180 degrees, one main chain wheel in a working area every week is ensured under the action of a guide chain wheel. When each chain wheel works, the chain wheel and the chain are disengaged and separated by an angle every time the chain wheel group rotates for one circle, and at the moment, under the combined action of a chain wheel tension spring (symmetrically arranged on the chain wheel) and the centrifugal force of the chain wheel (the gravity center on the chain wheel is at the toothed end), the central teeth of the chain tooth area are basically arranged on the intersection point of the rotation normal line and the radial direction, so that conditions are created for meshing with the chain again.

In the whole system of fig. 1, a slide base plate 102 is connected with an input shaft 101, a slide base plate 105 is connected with an output shaft 108, and a slide base plate 115 is connected with a slide base plate 112 through an intermediate transmission shaft. The power transmission and speed change process is that the input shaft 101 transmits power to the sliding base plate 102, the chain transmits the power to the sliding base plate 115, the intermediate transmission shaft transmits the power to the sliding base plate 112, the chain transmits the power to the sliding base plate 105 and the output shaft 108, and therefore the speed change purpose is achieved.

Claims

1. A chain-driven stepless speed variator is composed of slide base disc system, slide supporter, chain wheel system, speed regulating conic disc and control system, chain and mainshaft drive system.

2. The slider base plate according to claim 1 is a cylindrical disk having a plurality of sets of ball grooves arranged in a radial direction, a splined shaft hole arranged in the center, a journal arranged at a corresponding position at one end in an axial direction, and a fixed pulley hole seat.

3. The main sliding bracket as claimed in claim 1, which is a combination of a conical pulley, a ball chute, a main sprocket shaft, a main sprocket limiting block, a wire drawing hole seat, a tension spring hole seat, etc., wherein the main sprocket is a special sprocket, which is mounted on the main sprocket shaft, and has sprocket teeth arranged on part of the outer circumference of the sprocket, the number of the sprocket teeth is generally three to five, the central tooth is taken as the radial central line (normal line), the rotation limiting blocks are symmetrically arranged on the sprockets on both sides of the central line, the rotation limiting blocks are also arranged at the corresponding positions of the main sprocket shaft, the main sprocket and the sprocket shaft are limited to rotate relatively in the positive direction or the reverse direction within a set angle range, and the sprocket shaft is rigidly connected with the sliding bracket, so that the main sprocket wheel can play a role of supporting the chain to expand (contract) the radial diameter, and can play a role of the power transmission by the combination of the toothed chain, and the main sprocket wheel is arranged on the radial other side, the tension spring hook hole is arranged, the tension spring elastically positions the main chain wheel and the support, so that the main chain wheel and the rotating centrifugal force of the chain wheel act together when the main chain wheel is not meshed with the chain, the gravity center of the whole main chain wheel is positioned on the central line (normal line) of the tooth and is close to the tooth side of the chain, and the tooth is a middle tooth or a middle side tooth when the main chain wheel is meshed with the chain conveniently.

4. The secondary sliding bracket as claimed in claim 1 is substantially the same as the primary sliding bracket except that the secondary sliding bracket has no stopper, and the secondary sprocket is different from the primary sprocket in that the secondary sliding bracket has no rotation stopper, and the others are the same.

5. A speed-regulating conic disk and its control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said speed-regulating conic disk is a disk with a 45-degree taper angle to its axis, the slide way is arranged on its conic surface, and the pull-string hole seats are arranged at relative positions, said slide way and hole seats are correspondent to the ball slide slots of said slide base disk, said speed-regulating conic disk has a bearing connected to the displacement supporter for controlling displacement, the main shaft of said displacement supporter is a hollow shaft for connecting the middle shaft to the correspondent slide base disk, and the displacement controller is a device for controlling the displacement of conic disk by external mechanical force (driven by hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic oil pump, motor, etc. and with self-locking function) and has the function of controlling the radial position of main (secondary) sliding supporter on the slide base disk by pressing against the slide surface of said sliding supporter to act together with speed-regulating pull string, thereby adjusting the rotating diameter of the chain wheel rotating group and achieving the purpose of speed regulation.

6. The chain and spindle drive system of claim 1 in which the input shaft is connected to the power input base, the intermediate drive shafts are used for connecting two or more pairs of intermediate drive base (disposed in the displacement carriage), the output shaft is connected to the power output base, each pair of chains is interlocked with each pair of base chain wheel sets, the tight side of the chain is provided with a guide sprocket fixed to the base to change the direction of the chain to improve the meshing effect of the teeth, and the loose side of the chain is provided with a tension sprocket which is elastically connected to the base while ensuring the direction of meshing with the chain to ensure that the chain length can be adapted to the system requirements over all ranges of speed change.