CN113417645A - Large-section tunnel excavation method based on double-side-wall pit guiding method - Google Patents
Large-section tunnel excavation method based on double-side-wall pit guiding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113417645A CN113417645A CN202110605403.9A CN202110605403A CN113417645A CN 113417645 A CN113417645 A CN 113417645A CN 202110605403 A CN202110605403 A CN 202110605403A CN 113417645 A CN113417645 A CN 113417645A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D19/00—Provisional protective covers for working space
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a large-section tunnel excavation method based on a double-side-wall pit guiding method. A large-section tunnel excavation method based on a double-side-wall pit guiding method comprises the following steps of firstly, construction preparation; the method is characterized in that: also comprises the following steps: step two, constructing the upper step of the pilot tunnel; step three, constructing the upper step of the backward pilot tunnel; step four, constructing the upper step of the middle pilot tunnel; step five, constructing a step under the pilot tunnel in advance; step six, constructing a step under the backward pilot tunnel; step seven, constructing a step under the middle pilot tunnel; step eight, monitoring and measuring; step nine, dismantling; step ten, sealing; eleventh, constructing an inverted arch; and step twelve, arch bridge construction. The invention has convenient construction and high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a large-section tunnel excavation method based on a double-side-wall pit guiding method.
Background
At present, according to field measurement, stratum subsidence caused by the double-side-wall pit guiding method is only 1/2 of a short-step method, an excavated section is divided into a plurality of blocks, each block is closed immediately after excavation, and the double-side-wall pit guiding method is widely applied in a driving tunnel excavation mode under the condition of V-level surrounding rock with poor surrounding rock and a large-span and ultra-large-span tunnel excavation mode.
However, the lower part of the traditional double-side-wall pit guiding method is required to be used as a construction platform when a left-side pilot tunnel or a right-side pilot tunnel is constructed to be stepped, so that the construction of a pilot tunnel lower step can be carried out only after the upper step is constructed and supported, in addition, the left pilot tunnel and the right pilot tunnel can not be constructed simultaneously, the main defects of the traditional double-side-wall pit guiding method that the repeated workload is large and the construction progress is slow are not found easily, in addition, a double-side-wall temporary support system needs to penetrate through the section of the whole tunnel, the temporary support is used once and is removed in large quantity, the cost is not controlled easily, when the tunnel is excavated to a rock-entering stage, namely, although the V surrounding rock still exists, the geology has a certain self-stability condition, the double-side-wall pit guiding method is used at the moment, the safety is obviously emphasized, and the progress control and the cost control are ignored.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a tunnel construction method with convenient construction and high efficiency in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, and discloses a large-section tunnel excavation method based on a double-side-wall pit guiding method.
The invention achieves the purpose by the following technical scheme:
a large-section tunnel excavation method based on a double-side-wall pit guiding method comprises the following steps: the method comprises advanced geological prediction and measurement lofting; the method is characterized in that: also comprises the following steps:
step two, construction of the upper step of the pilot tunnel: forepoling, excavating, preliminary bracing and temporary side wall bracing of an upper step of a pilot tunnel;
step three, construction of the upper step of the backward pilot tunnel: the upper step of the backward pilot tunnel is supported in advance, excavated, supported in the initial stage and supported temporarily on the side wall;
step four, construction of the upper step of the middle pilot tunnel: the upper step of the middle pilot tunnel is supported in advance, excavated, supported in the initial stage and supported temporarily on the side wall;
step five, construction of steps under the pilot tunnel: forepoling and excavating of a lower step of a pilot tunnel, primary bracing and temporary lateral wall bracing;
step six, construction of a step under the backward pilot tunnel: the lower step of the backward pilot tunnel is subjected to advanced support, excavation, primary support and side wall temporary support;
step seven, constructing steps under the middle pilot tunnel: the method comprises the following steps of advanced supporting, excavating, primary supporting and side wall temporary supporting of a lower step of a middle pilot tunnel;
step eight, monitoring and measuring: if the exceeding is over, the reason causing the exceeding is eliminated, and if the exceeding meets the requirement, the step nine is continued;
step nine, dismantling: removing the temporary supports on the double side walls;
step ten, sealing: excavating a step below the main tunnel and sealing a primary support;
eleven steps of inverted arch construction: constructing an inverted arch and filling the inverted arch;
step twelve, arch bridge construction: and (5) constructing tunnel water drainage prevention and arch wall lining.
The large-section tunnel excavation method based on the double-side-wall pit guiding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
excavating the upper step by adopting a double-side-wall pit guiding method, applying primary support and double-side-wall temporary support of the upper step part,
when the preliminary bracing is finished and the sprayed concrete reaches over 70 percent of the designed strength, ensuring that a longitudinal distance of 25m is left between the upper step and the lower step, excavating the lower step by step, wherein the preliminary bracing form is the same as that of the excavated part of the upper step,
after the surrounding rock is deformed stably, the temporary supports at the upper half parts of the double side walls are removed, the soil body of the lower step is excavated, an inverted arch is constructed, bottom paving and filling are carried out,
the distance between the pilot holes is strictly controlled, the distance between the left upper guide and the right upper guide is 3-5 m, the distance between the right upper guide and the upper step of the middle pilot hole is 3-5 m, the distance between the middle upper guide and the left lower guide is 10m, the distance between the right lower guide and the left lower guide is 3-5 m, and the distance between the left lower guide and the inverted arch is 20-30 m.
When the method is implemented, mechanical excavation is mainly used, and weak blasting is used as an auxiliary measure if necessary; the arc-shaped guide pit is dug along the circumferential direction of the excavation contour line, core soil is reserved, and the arc-shaped guide pit is timely supported after being dug; other steps are excavated in parallel, primary supports are constructed in parallel, the primary supports of all the sections are closely connected, and the sections are closed to form a ring in time; the inverted arch closely follows the lower step and is closed in time to form a stable supporting system; in the construction process, deformation conditions of surrounding rocks and supports are mastered by monitoring and measuring, support parameters and reserved deformation are adjusted in time, and construction safety is guaranteed; improve the temporary water-proof and drainage system in the tunnel and prevent underground water from soaking the arch basement.
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the traditional double-side-wall pit guiding excavation method, and provides an optimized excavation method (namely a half-part double-side-wall pit guiding construction method) based on the double-side-wall pit guiding method on the premise of ensuring safety.
After the tunnel is excavated and enters a deep-buried section, namely the geology is still V surrounding rock at the moment, the tunnel has certain self-stabilization conditions, a half-part double-side-wall pilot tunnel excavation construction method can be adopted at the moment, the construction process is simple, the construction working faces are multiple, the construction progress is fast, for the excavation of large-section and ultra-large-section tunnels, the stability of a short half-part temporary support system is better, and the stability of a surrounding rock-support structure system can be improved, so that the risks of deformation instability and collapse of the tunnels are reduced.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the construction space is big, makes things convenient for mechanized construction, can many working faces parallel operation. And a part of soft rock or soil area can be directly excavated by adopting an excavator, so that the work efficiency is high.
2. When the geological conditions change, the construction procedures are convenient to flexibly and timely change, and the construction method is convenient to adjust.
3. The method is suitable for different spans and various section forms, and the primary support process is convenient to operate.
4. On the basis of the bench method excavation, core soil is reserved, left and right staggered excavation is performed, and the stability of an excavation working surface is facilitated.
5. When the surrounding rock is deformed greatly or suddenly, the closing time can be adjusted as soon as possible on the premise of ensuring safety and meeting the clearance requirement.
6. And temporary support is saved. The half-part double-side-wall pit guiding method replaces the temporary support of the traditional double-side wall below the arch camber line by delaying the excavation of the lower step, so that the using amount of the temporary support is saved, and the economic cost can be better controlled.
7. The self-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock is fully exerted, the bottom of the temporary double-side-wall steel arch is dropped on a solid lower step, the disturbance to surrounding rock bodies during excavation is small, and the mechanical operation is more advantageous.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the practice of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
A large-section tunnel excavation method based on a double-side-wall pit guiding method is as shown in figures 1 and 2, and comprises the following steps:
step one, construction preparation: the method comprises advanced geological prediction and measurement lofting;
step two, constructing the upper step 11 of the pilot tunnel: the method comprises the following steps of advanced supporting and excavating of an upper step 11 of a pilot tunnel, primary supporting and temporary supporting of side walls;
step three, constructing the upper step 21 of the backward pilot tunnel: the upper step 21 of the backward pilot tunnel is supported in advance, excavated, supported in the initial stage and supported temporarily on the side wall;
step four, constructing the upper step 31 of the middle pilot tunnel: the upper step 31 of the middle pilot tunnel is used for advanced supporting, excavation, primary supporting and temporary side wall supporting;
step five, constructing the lower step 12 of the pilot tunnel: the lower step 12 of the pilot tunnel is supported and excavated in advance, and is supported in advance and temporarily supported on the side wall;
step six, constructing the lower step 22 of the backward pilot tunnel: the lower step 22 of the backward pilot tunnel is supported in advance, excavated, supported in the initial stage and supported temporarily on the side wall;
step seven, constructing the lower step 32 of the middle pilot tunnel: the lower step 32 of the middle pilot tunnel is supported in advance, excavated, supported in the initial stage and supported temporarily on the side wall;
step eight, monitoring and measuring: if the exceeding is over, the reason causing the exceeding is eliminated, and if the exceeding meets the requirement, the step nine is continued;
step nine, dismantling: removing the temporary supports on the double side walls;
step ten, sealing: excavating a step below the main tunnel and sealing a primary support;
eleven steps of inverted arch construction: constructing an inverted arch and filling the inverted arch;
step twelve, arch bridge construction: and (5) constructing tunnel water drainage prevention and arch wall lining.
In this embodiment:
excavating the upper step by adopting a double-side-wall pit guiding method, applying primary support and double-side-wall temporary support of the upper step part,
when the preliminary bracing is finished and the sprayed concrete reaches over 70 percent of the designed strength, ensuring that a longitudinal distance of 25m is left between the upper step and the lower step, excavating the lower step by step, wherein the preliminary bracing form is the same as that of the excavated part of the upper step,
after the surrounding rock is deformed stably, the temporary supports at the upper half parts of the double side walls are removed, the soil body of the lower step is excavated, an inverted arch is constructed, bottom paving and filling are carried out,
the distance between the pilot holes is strictly controlled, the distance between the left upper guide and the right upper guide is 3 m-5 m, the distance between the right upper guide and the upper step of the middle pilot hole is 3 m-5 m, the distance between the middle upper guide and the left lower guide is 10m, the distance between the right lower guide and the left lower guide is 3 m-5 m, and the distance between the left lower guide and the inverted arch is 20 m-30 m,
in the excavation of the embodiment, mechanical excavation is mainly adopted, and weak blasting is adopted as an auxiliary measure if necessary; the arc-shaped guide pit is dug along the circumferential direction of the excavation contour line, core soil is reserved, and the arc-shaped guide pit is timely supported after being dug; other steps are excavated in parallel, primary supports are constructed in parallel, the primary supports of all the sections are closely connected, and the sections are closed to form a ring in time; the inverted arch closely follows the lower step and is closed in time to form a stable supporting system; in the construction process, deformation conditions of surrounding rocks and supports are mastered by monitoring and measuring, support parameters and reserved deformation are adjusted in time, and construction safety is guaranteed; improve the temporary water-proof and drainage system in the tunnel and prevent underground water from soaking the arch basement.
Claims (2)
1. A large-section tunnel excavation method based on a double-side-wall pit guiding method comprises the following steps: the method comprises advanced geological prediction and measurement lofting; the method is characterized in that: also comprises the following steps:
step two, construction of the upper step of the pilot tunnel: forepoling, excavating, preliminary bracing and temporary side wall bracing of an upper step of a pilot tunnel;
step three, construction of the upper step of the backward pilot tunnel: the upper step of the backward pilot tunnel is supported in advance, excavated, supported in the initial stage and supported temporarily on the side wall;
step four, construction of the upper step of the middle pilot tunnel: the upper step of the middle pilot tunnel is supported in advance, excavated, supported in the initial stage and supported temporarily on the side wall;
step five, construction of steps under the pilot tunnel: forepoling and excavating of a lower step of a pilot tunnel, primary bracing and temporary lateral wall bracing;
step six, construction of a step under the backward pilot tunnel: the lower step of the backward pilot tunnel is subjected to advanced support, excavation, primary support and side wall temporary support;
step seven, constructing steps under the middle pilot tunnel: the method comprises the following steps of advanced supporting, excavating, primary supporting and side wall temporary supporting of a lower step of a middle pilot tunnel;
step eight, monitoring and measuring: if the exceeding is over, the reason causing the exceeding is eliminated, and if the exceeding meets the requirement, the step nine is continued;
step nine, dismantling: removing the temporary supports on the double side walls;
step ten, sealing: excavating a step below the main tunnel and sealing a primary support;
eleven steps of inverted arch construction: constructing an inverted arch and filling the inverted arch;
step twelve, arch bridge construction: and (5) constructing tunnel water drainage prevention and arch wall lining.
2. The method for excavating the large-section tunnel based on the double-side-wall pit guiding method according to claim 1, wherein:
excavating the upper step by adopting a double-side-wall pit guiding method, applying primary support and double-side-wall temporary support of the upper step part,
when the preliminary bracing is finished and the sprayed concrete reaches over 70 percent of the designed strength, ensuring that a longitudinal distance of 25m is left between the upper step and the lower step, excavating the lower step by step, wherein the preliminary bracing form is the same as that of the excavated part of the upper step,
after the surrounding rock is deformed stably, the temporary supports at the upper half parts of the double side walls are removed, the soil body of the lower step is excavated, an inverted arch is constructed, bottom paving and filling are carried out,
the distance between the pilot holes is strictly controlled, the distance between the left upper guide and the right upper guide is 3-5 m, the distance between the right upper guide and the upper step of the middle pilot hole is 3-5 m, the distance between the middle upper guide and the left lower guide is 10m, the distance between the right lower guide and the left lower guide is 3-5 m, and the distance between the left lower guide and the inverted arch is 20-30 m.
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| CN202110605403.9A CN113417645A (en) | 2021-06-01 | 2021-06-01 | Large-section tunnel excavation method based on double-side-wall pit guiding method |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102345460A (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2012-02-08 | 北京交通大学 | Settlement control method for shallow large-section loess tunnel |
| CN102720504A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2012-10-10 | 北京市公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 | Double-side-wall-pilot-hole subsection bench cut method construction method |
| CN107605490A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-01-19 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Single hole large cross-section tunnel double side wall construction conversion process |
| CN108166979A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-06-15 | 长安大学 | A kind of construction method of super-span tunnel top bar two side-wall pilot tunnel |
| CN110230497A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-09-13 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | A kind of positive barrel double -side approach construction method in threaded list road |
| CN111912307A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-11-10 | 中交上海航道局有限公司 | Blasting excavation method of V-level surrounding rock large-section granite tunnel |
| CN112253133A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-01-22 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | Safe and efficient construction method for large-section underground excavation tunnel with upper soft and lower hard rock mass |
-
2021
- 2021-06-01 CN CN202110605403.9A patent/CN113417645A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102345460A (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2012-02-08 | 北京交通大学 | Settlement control method for shallow large-section loess tunnel |
| CN102720504A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2012-10-10 | 北京市公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 | Double-side-wall-pilot-hole subsection bench cut method construction method |
| CN107605490A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-01-19 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Single hole large cross-section tunnel double side wall construction conversion process |
| CN108166979A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-06-15 | 长安大学 | A kind of construction method of super-span tunnel top bar two side-wall pilot tunnel |
| CN110230497A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-09-13 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | A kind of positive barrel double -side approach construction method in threaded list road |
| CN111912307A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-11-10 | 中交上海航道局有限公司 | Blasting excavation method of V-level surrounding rock large-section granite tunnel |
| CN112253133A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-01-22 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | Safe and efficient construction method for large-section underground excavation tunnel with upper soft and lower hard rock mass |
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