CN111810200A - Shield tunnel expanding and excavating system and method based on middle upright posts and inverted arches - Google Patents
Shield tunnel expanding and excavating system and method based on middle upright posts and inverted arches Download PDFInfo
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- CN111810200A CN111810200A CN202010799692.6A CN202010799692A CN111810200A CN 111810200 A CN111810200 A CN 111810200A CN 202010799692 A CN202010799692 A CN 202010799692A CN 111810200 A CN111810200 A CN 111810200A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 176
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
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- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
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- E21D11/152—Laggings made of grids or nettings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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Abstract
The invention relates to a shield tunnel expanding excavation system and a shield tunnel expanding excavation method based on a middle upright post and an inverted arch, wherein the system comprises a primary support grid steel frame outside a small-section shield tunnel, a vertical middle upright post and a temporary inverted arch, and the primary support grid steel frame is closed into a ring; be provided with vertical center pillar in the grid steelframe of just propping up, be provided with horizontal interim invert between center pillar middle part both sides and the grid steelframe of just propping up, the hole after interior interim support of center pillar and interim invert as dismantling the interior segmentation section of jurisdiction of existing shield tunnel. The construction cost is low, the process is simple and convenient, the quality is easy to construct on site, the underground large space expanding excavation construction technology based on the small-section tunnel is realized, the step method expanding excavation thought of breaking the whole into parts, excavating in parts and sealing to form a ring is provided, the vertical bearing component and the load conversion system based on the middle upright post are provided, the zero displacement deformation control requirement of the vault of the newly-built tunnel in the expanding excavation engineering is met, and the safety guarantee of the stratum stability and the surrounding environment is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering, in particular to a shield tunnel expanding excavation system and a shield tunnel expanding excavation method based on a middle upright post and an inverted arch.
Background
Along with the rapid development of economy, for guide city rational layout and orderly development, provide convenient trip condition for central urban area resident through rail transit, alleviate the trip cost, realize green trip and low carbon life style, more and more receive attention. Due to the remarkable advantages of the shield tunnel in the aspects of construction period, safety risk control and the like, the tunnel engineering in urban rail transit sections is increasingly constructed by the shield method, and the shield-enabled shield is a basic consensus.
However, the shield tunnel is affected by the field conditions of the working well, the receiving and starting time of the shield machine is long, the one-time continuous tunneling mileage is not too short, otherwise the advantage of mechanical construction is difficult to embody, and under the condition that the total construction period of the urban rail transit engineering or other municipal engineering is basically determined, a plurality of cases that the shield tunnel is firstly implemented and then expanded and excavated to form other large-section underground spaces, such as a tunnel before a station, a small-section tunnel before a large-section tunnel, appear correspondingly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a shield tunnel expanding excavation system and a shield tunnel expanding excavation method based on a middle upright post and an inverted arch, which can reduce construction disturbance to the maximum extent, limit the settlement displacement of the arch crown of a tunnel to the maximum extent and ensure the stability of a stratum under the condition that a small-section profile tunnel is formed by shield excavation.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
shield tunnel expands system of digging based on center pillar and inverted arch, its characterized in that:
the system comprises a primary support grid steel frame, a vertical middle upright post and a temporary inverted arch outside the small-section shield tunnel;
the primary support grid steel frame comprises a plurality of steel frames which are closed into a ring;
a vertical central upright post is arranged in the primary grid steel frame;
and a transverse temporary inverted arch is arranged between two sides of the middle part of the middle upright post and the primary grid steel frame, and the middle upright post and the temporary inverted arch are used as in-tunnel temporary supports after the segmented segments in the existing shield tunnel are removed.
The middle upright column comprises a middle upright column I steel at the lower part and a middle upright column II steel at the upper part;
the bottom end of the first-size steel of the middle upright column downwards passes through a duct piece at the bottom of the existing shield tunnel and is connected to a primary support grid steel frame;
the top end of the second-size steel of the middle upright column upwards penetrates through a duct piece at the top of the existing shield tunnel and is connected to the primary grid steel frame.
The segmented duct pieces in the existing shield tunnel comprise an upper middle duct piece, an upper left side duct piece, an upper right side duct piece, a lower middle duct piece, a lower left side duct piece and a lower right side duct piece;
the upper left side of the upper portion middle duct piece is the upper left and close to the middle excavation region, the upper left side duct piece is the upper left and close to the outer excavation region, the upper right side of the upper portion middle duct piece is the upper right excavation region with the upper portion right side duct piece, the lower portion left side duct piece is the lower left and close to the outer excavation region, the lower portion right side duct piece is the lower right and close to the outer excavation region, and the lower portion middle duct piece is the inverted arch excavation region.
After the left lower outer excavation area is excavated, a lower left temporary inverted arch is applied to the lower boundary of the left lower outer excavation area;
and after the lower right excavation region is excavated, a lower right temporary inverted arch is constructed at the lower boundary.
And a sand bag is arranged in the existing shield tunnel between the lower part of the upper temporary inverted arch and the arch bottom of the shield tunnel.
And a large pipe shed is arranged outside the primary support grid steel frame in the area above the arch waist of the tunnel.
The outer side of the primary support grid steel frame is provided with small guide pipes, the small guide pipes are arranged on the full section, and the upper half section of the tunnel and the large pipe shed are arranged in a staggered mode at intervals.
Erecting a primary grid steel frame and following an excavation footage, and keeping the difference of the excavation footage of the upper half section and the lower half section of the tunnel within the width range of a ring pipe sheet;
the tunnel expanding excavation is constructed based on the thinking of advanced reinforcement, short footage and early sealing of a large pipe shed and a small pipe.
The shield tunnel expanding excavation method based on the middle upright post and the inverted arch is characterized in that:
the method comprises the following steps:
and (3) expanding and excavating a new tunnel outside the existing shield tunnel, removing each segment of the existing shield tunnel in a segmented manner, and applying stratum advanced reinforcement and in-tunnel temporary support before expanding and excavating the shield tunnel to realize the micro-disturbance expanding and excavating construction based on the effective transmission and conversion of vertical loads.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to design requirements, shield tunnel construction is carried out, and segment lining assembly is completed;
step two: laying a sand bag on the lower half section of the shield tunnel, inserting the first section steel of the middle stand column at the lower part according to the positions of a segment hoisting hole and a reserved hole of the middle segment at the lower part, and enabling the bottom of the first section steel of the middle stand column to directly reach the arch bottom of the expanded excavation tunnel;
step three: according to the expanded excavation tunnel profile, a large pipe shed is arranged on the upper half section of the excavation profile, cement mortar is injected into the large pipe shed in a pressing mode, and grouting reinforcement is conducted on the peripheral stratum;
step four: according to the expanding excavation step sequence of the shield tunnel, small guide pipes are arranged on the upper strata of the upper left side and the middle excavation region for grouting reinforcement and are arranged with the large pipe sheds in a staggered mode at intervals;
step five: excavating the stratum of the upper left middle excavation region, performing small duct grouting reinforcement on the stratum of the right side in the excavation process to increase the stability of the stratum of the right side, erecting a steel frame I on the left side of the outer contour of the upper left middle excavation region in time in the excavation process, and erecting a section steel II on the middle upright post on the upper part according to the conditions of a segment hoisting hole and a reserved hole on the upper part to form a vertical effective support;
step six: according to the expanding excavation step sequence of the shield tunnel, small guide pipes are arranged on the upper strata of the left upper outer excavation region for grouting reinforcement and are arranged in a staggered mode with the large pipe shed at intervals, expanding excavation construction is then carried out, and a second steel frame on the left side is erected in time;
step seven: removing an upper middle duct piece and an upper left duct piece, cutting the upper middle duct piece according to the range of an upper left middle digging area, then erecting a transverse upper left temporary inverted arch, and firmly welding two ends of the upper middle duct piece with a left second steel frame and a middle upright post first section steel respectively;
step eight: according to the excavation procedures of the upper left middle excavation region and the upper left outer excavation region, small duct grouting reinforcement and stratum excavation are carried out on the upper right excavation region, a right side steel frame I and a right side steel frame II of the outline of the upper right excavation region are erected, then the rest upper middle duct pieces and the upper right side duct pieces are dismantled, and finally the upper right temporary inverted arch symmetrical to the upper left temporary inverted arch is erected in time;
step nine: according to the range of a left lower outer excavation region, drilling small guide pipes on the outer side of an expanded excavation profile for grouting reinforcement, then removing sandbags in the range of the excavation profile, then performing stratum excavation, removing a lower left side pipe piece, erecting a left side third steel frame at the position of the left lower outer excavation region profile, and finally setting a lower left side temporary inverted arch at the lower boundary of the left lower outer excavation region, wherein one end of the lower left side temporary inverted arch is firmly welded with the left side third steel frame, and the other end of the lower left side temporary inverted arch is effectively contacted with a lower middle pipe piece;
step ten: according to the step of expanding excavation of the left lower outer excavation region, expanding excavation construction of the right lower outer excavation region is completed, duct pieces on the right side of the lower portion are dismantled, and a third steel frame on the right side and a temporary inverted arch on the right side of the lower portion are erected in time;
step eleven: removing the residual sandbags, removing the middle duct pieces at the lower part, erecting an inverted arch steel frame at the inverted arch position of the expanded excavation range in time, and welding and fixing two ends of the inverted arch steel frame with a left steel frame III and a right steel frame III; and then, according to the pouring sequence of firstly arching bottom, secondly arching waist and finally arching top, performing the pouring construction of the tunnel permanent lining structure.
The invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a novel shield tunnel expanding excavation method, which enriches the existing large-section underground space construction method. The shield tunnel segment is a conventional steel pipe segment, the newly-built tunnel primary support steel frame, the middle upright post and the temporary inverted arch are all conventional Q345 steel, the large pipe shed and the sleeve valve pipe for the advanced reinforcement of the expanded excavation tunnel are common steel pipes, the cement slurry material for pressure injection is also common portland cement, the design size of the construction method is conventional, the construction method is simple and easy to implement, the construction process is mature, and the drilling process and other auxiliary facilities for the hole forming of the large pipe shed and the small guide pipe are conventional equipment; the number of the branches of the expanded excavation tunnel, the excavation range of each part, the interval of the middle upright post along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and the erection time of the middle upright post can be flexibly adjusted according to the stable condition of the stratum, and the advanced reinforcement range of the large pipe shed and the small pipe can also be flexibly determined according to the characteristics of the stratum and the protection requirement of the surrounding environment. The bottom depth of the middle upright post at least reaches the arch bottom position of the expanded excavation tunnel, and can be flexibly determined according to the displacement control requirement of the arch top of the expanded excavation tunnel and the stratum condition. Ensures that the field expanding and digging construction is carried out quickly, and has remarkable economic and technical benefits.
Before the tunnel is expanded and excavated, a large pipe shed and a small guide pipe are grouted and reinforced at the vault of the tunnel to be expanded and excavated, so that the stratum disturbance caused by the expanding and excavating construction can be effectively isolated, and meanwhile, the combination of the large pipe shed, the small guide pipe and an expanded and excavated tunnel steel frame has a supporting effect similar to a shed frame, and the requirement of stratum stability above the tunnel is met. In the tunnel expanding and excavating process, the middle upright columns are erected in time and effectively combined with the tunnel steel frame and the inverted arch, the segmental excavation can be realized to the greatest extent, all parts are closed to form a ring, and in addition, the vertical roof supporting effect of the middle upright columns is added, so that the controllable settlement and deformation of the arch crown of the tunnel during the expanding and excavating process and the controllable safety risk of the surrounding environment can be realized to the greatest extent, and further the expanding and excavating construction of the large-section underground space can be realized. The invention has higher economic benefit and social benefit and wide application prospect in underground large-space engineering such as urban rail transit, municipal roads, civil buildings and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of the support of the shield tunnel inner pile load, the middle upright post and the pipe shed.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of left arch support and I-shaped excavation.
FIG. 3 is a drawing of the upper left section support and the excavation of the second section.
FIG. 4 is a view of the upper right section support and the III-part excavation.
FIG. 5 is a drawing of the left lower section support and the excavation of the portion IV.
FIG. 6 is a diagram of the lower right section support and V-shaped excavation.
Fig. 7 is a view of inverted arch support and vi excavation of a tunnel.
Fig. 8 shows the initial support and the internal temporary support of the extended tunnel.
Fig. 9 is a layout view of the upper segment pre-stud penetration holes.
Fig. 10 is a layout view of the lower segment pre-stud penetration holes.
In the figure, 1-upper middle tube sheet, 2-upper left tube sheet, 3-upper right tube sheet, 4-lower left tube sheet, 5-lower right tube sheet, 6-lower middle tube sheet, 7-center pillar steel I, 8-sandbag, 9-large shed, 10-stratum, 11-small conduit, 12-center pillar steel II, 13-left steel frame I, 14-left steel frame II, 15-right steel frame I, 16-right steel frame II, 17-left steel frame III, 18-right steel frame III, 19-inverted arch steel frame, 20-upper left temporary inverted arch, 21-upper right temporary inverted arch, 22-lower left temporary inverted arch, 23-lower right temporary inverted arch, 24-primary grid steel frame, 25-reserved upright post penetrating holes and 26-segment hoisting holes.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a shield tunnel expanding excavation method based on a middle upright post and an inverted arch, which relates to an expanding excavation system in the construction process, wherein the system comprises a primary support grid steel frame 24 outside an existing shield tunnel with a small section, and a closed-loop steel frame which is constructed in sections and spliced after segmented pipe pieces in the existing shield tunnel are removed; be provided with vertical center pillar in the grid steelframe of just propping up 24, be provided with horizontal interim invert between center pillar middle part both sides and the grid steelframe of just propping up 24, center pillar and interim invert support in the hole after dismantling the interior segmentation section of jurisdiction of existing shield tunnel.
The middle upright column comprises a middle upright column I steel 7 at the lower part and a middle upright column II steel 12 at the upper part; the bottom end of the middle upright column I steel 7 downwards penetrates through a duct piece at the bottom of the existing shield tunnel and is connected to a primary support grid steel frame 24; the top end of the middle upright post second-type steel 12 upwards penetrates through a duct piece at the top of the existing shield tunnel and is connected to the primary support grid steel frame 24.
The existing shield tunnel segment is generally divided into six (also can be considered as eight), namely an upper middle segment 1, an upper left segment 2 and an upper right segment 3, as well as a lower middle segment 6, a lower left segment 4 and a lower right segment 5; the upper left of section of jurisdiction 1 is outer to lean on the middle excavation region for the upper left in the middle of the upper portion, and upper left side section of jurisdiction 2 is outer to lean on outer excavation region for the upper left in the left, and upper right excavation region is outer to be the upper right with upper portion right side section of jurisdiction 3 in the middle of the upper portion outside the section of jurisdiction 1 in the right side, and lower portion left side section of jurisdiction 4 is outer to lean on outer excavation region for the lower left in the left, and lower portion right side section of jurisdiction 5 is outer to lean on outer excavation region for. The segments used by the shield tunnel are steel tube segments, and the corresponding steel frame segments and excavation partitions are adaptively adjusted accordingly.
After the left lower outer excavation area is excavated, a lower left temporary inverted arch 22 is applied to the lower boundary; after the lower right excavation area is excavated, a lower right temporary inverted arch 23 is constructed at the lower boundary.
The sand bags 8 are arranged in the existing shield tunnel below the upper temporary inverted arches 20 and 21, and the segment lining is used as a backfill support in the shield tunnel before being dismantled in different regions.
The large pipe shed 9 is arranged on the outer side of the primary grid steel frame 24 above the arch of the tunnel, the clear distance between the pipe shed and the contour of the expanded and dug tunnel is about 200mm, the length of the pipe shed can be generally considered as about 20m, and the longitudinal lap joint length is not less than 3 m. The outer side of the primary support grid steel frame 24 is provided with small guide pipes 11, and the upper half section of the tunnel and the large pipe shed 9 are arranged in a staggered mode at intervals.
The shield tunnel top and bottom segments are provided with longitudinal preformed holes 25, 26, and a plurality of central columns 7 which are arranged in a row can be longitudinally arranged on the same segment.
The excavation footage can be considered according to 0.5m, and the length of the ring width of the duct piece is one excavation cycle.
The method comprises the steps of expanding and excavating the outer side of an established shield tunnel to form a large-section underground space or tunnel, drilling a large pipe shed 9 and a small pipe 11 on the outer side of a planned expanding and excavating contour, injecting cement slurry to reinforce the stratum, erecting a middle upright post 7 and filling sand bags 8 in the established shield tunnel, then dividing the whole into parts based on the thought of a step method, sequentially carrying out expanding and excavating construction thoughts of a part I, a part II, a part III, a part IV, a part V and a part VI according to the expanding and excavating construction steps of the tunnel, dividing the expanding and excavating construction of the whole tunnel into four excavating areas, namely an upper left excavating area, an upper right excavating area, a lower left excavating area and a lower right excavating area, ensuring that primary support steel frames of each area can form a support system with a closed ring, and reducing stress release of the arch; vertical bearing member and load conversion system based on center pillar 7, center pillar 7 upper portion with expand the tunnel primary support steelframe welding, the lower part directly passes shield section of jurisdiction 6, reaches expand and dig the tunnel and encircle the bottom, can get into even according to the stratum condition and expand and dig the tunnel and encircle a certain degree of depth below the bottom, the vertical deformation trend of effective control primary support steelframe.
The number of the branches of the expanded tunnel, the excavation range of each part, the interval of the middle upright post 7 along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and the erection time can be flexibly adjusted according to the stable condition of the stratum 10, and the advanced reinforcement range of the large pipe shed 9 and the small pipe 11 can also be flexibly determined according to the characteristics of the stratum 10 and the protection requirement of the surrounding environment. The bottom depth of the middle upright post 7 at least reaches the arch bottom position of the expanded excavation tunnel, and can be flexibly determined according to the displacement control requirement of the arch top of the expanded excavation tunnel and the stratum condition. The requirements of large-section underground space expanding and digging rapid construction and surrounding environment protection are met to the greatest extent.
The shield tunnel expanding and excavating method based on the system comprises the following steps: and (3) expanding and digging a new large-section tunnel outside the existing shield tunnel, dismantling each segment of the existing shield tunnel in a segmented manner, and applying stratum advanced reinforcement and in-tunnel temporary support before dismantling the segment. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to design requirements, shield tunnel construction is carried out, and segment lining assembly is completed;
step two: laying a sand bag 8 on the lower half section of the shield tunnel, inserting the first section steel 7 of the middle upright column at the lower part according to the positions of a segment hoisting hole and a reserved hole of the middle segment 6 at the lower part, and enabling the bottom of the first section steel 7 of the middle upright column to directly reach the arch bottom of the expanded excavation tunnel;
step three: according to the expanded excavation tunnel profile, a large pipe shed 9 is arranged on the upper half section of the excavation profile, cement mortar is injected into the large pipe shed 9 in a pressing mode, and grouting reinforcement is conducted on the peripheral stratum (10);
step four: according to the expanding excavation step of the shield tunnel, small guide pipes 11 are arranged on the upper strata of the upper left side and the middle excavation region for grouting reinforcement and are arranged with the large pipe sheds 9 in a staggered mode at intervals;
step five: excavating the stratum of the upper left middle excavation region, grouting and reinforcing a small guide pipe 11 on the right stratum 10 in the excavation process to increase the stability of the right stratum 10, erecting a left steel frame 13 of the outer contour of the upper left middle excavation region in time in the excavation process, and erecting a middle upright post section steel 12 of the upper part according to the conditions of a hoisting hole and a reserved hole of an upper middle duct piece 1 to form a vertical effective support;
step six: according to the expanding excavation step of the shield tunnel, small guide pipes 11 are arranged on the upper strata of the left upper outer excavation region in a grouting and reinforcing mode, the small guide pipes and the large pipe sheds 9 are arranged in a staggered mode at intervals, expanding excavation construction is then carried out, and a left second steel frame 14 is erected in time;
step seven: dismantling an upper middle duct piece 1 and an upper left side duct piece 2, cutting the upper middle duct piece 1 according to the range of an upper left middle digging area, then erecting a transverse upper left side temporary inverted arch 20, and firmly welding two ends of the upper middle duct piece 1 with a left second steel frame 14 and a middle upright post first section steel 7 respectively;
step eight: according to the excavation procedures of an upper left middle excavation region and an upper left outer excavation region, grouting and reinforcing a small guide pipe 11 and excavating a stratum 10 in the upper right excavation region, erecting a right first steel frame 15 and a right second steel frame 16 of the outline of the upper right excavation region, then dismantling the residual upper middle pipe piece 1 and the upper right pipe piece 3, and finally erecting an upper right temporary inverted arch 21 symmetrical to the upper left temporary inverted arch 20 in time;
step nine: according to the range of a left lower outer excavation region, a small guide pipe 11 is arranged on the outer side of an expanded excavation profile for grouting reinforcement, then a sand bag 8 in the range of the excavation profile is removed, then excavation is carried out on a stratum 10, a lower left side pipe piece 4 is dismantled, a left side third steel frame 17 at the position of the left lower outer excavation region profile is erected, finally a lower left side temporary inverted arch 22 at the lower boundary of the left lower outer excavation region is arranged, one end of the lower left side temporary inverted arch 22 is firmly welded with the left side third steel frame 17, and the other end of the lower left side temporary inverted arch 22 is effectively contacted with a lower middle pipe piece;
step ten: according to the step of expanding excavation of the left lower outer excavation region, expanding excavation construction of the right lower outer excavation region is completed, a duct piece 5 on the right side of the lower portion is dismantled, and a third steel frame 18 on the right side and a temporary inverted arch 23 on the right side of the lower portion are erected in time;
step eleven: removing the residual sandbags 8, removing the lower middle duct pieces 6, erecting a steel frame 19 at the inverted arch position of the expanded excavation range in time, and welding and fixing two ends of the inverted arch steel frame 19 with a left third steel frame 17 and a right third steel frame 18; and then, according to the pouring sequence of firstly arching bottom, secondly arching waist and finally arching top, performing the pouring construction of the tunnel permanent lining structure.
The invention is explained in further detail with reference to the drawings in which:
in the invention, the central upright post 7 is made of section steel, and the size and the type, the longitudinal distance and the like of the central upright post along the tunnel can be flexibly adjusted according to the vertical bearing requirement and the displacement control requirement of the vault of the tunnel.
The cement mortar injected into the large pipe shed 9 and the small pipe 11 can be determined according to the bending rigidity required by calculation, meanwhile, self-leveling and micro-expansion cement can be adopted according to the requirement, and superfine cement can be properly considered according to the stratum permeability, so that the stratum 10 can be effectively reinforced. And reinforcing steel bars can be inserted into the large pipe shed 9 to increase the whole bending rigidity.
The primary support steel frame 24 of the expanded excavation tunnel can generally consider to adopt a grid steel frame, but a section of the section of. The design size of the device is conventional, the device is simple and easy to manufacture, the construction process is mature, and the pipe-following drilling process and other auxiliary facilities for forming the holes of the large pipe shed 9 and the small pipe 11 are conventional devices.
The invention has the advantages of simple design, simplicity, easy operation, low construction cost, simple and convenient process and easy on-site construction of quality. The underground large space expanding excavation construction technology based on the small-section tunnel is realized, the step method expanding excavation idea of breaking whole parts, excavating in parts and forming rings in a closed mode is provided, the vertical bearing component and the load conversion system based on the middle upright post can meet the zero displacement deformation control requirement of a newly built tunnel vault in the expanding excavation engineering to a certain extent, and safety guarantee of stratum stability and surrounding environment is realized.
Under the condition that a small-section outline tunnel is formed by shield tunneling, expanding excavation is carried out on the outer side of the tunnel, stratum advance reinforcement is carried out before expanding excavation, the requirement of stratum stability control is considered, the whole part of excavation is divided into parts and excavation is carried out on the basis of a step method thought, four excavation areas, namely, the upper left excavation area, the upper right excavation area, the lower left excavation area and the lower right excavation area can form a relatively closed temporary support system, and construction disturbance is reduced to the maximum extent; vertical load-bearing component and load conversion system based on center pillar, center pillar upper portion and expand the tunnel primary support steelframe welding, the lower part directly passes the shield and constructs the section of jurisdiction, reaches to expand and dig the tunnel and encircle the bottom, can get into to expand and dig the tunnel according to the stratum condition even and encircle the bottom following certain degree of depth, forms effectual vertical biography power component, and furthest restriction tunnel vault subsides the displacement, ensures that the stratum is stable.
The partial excavation number and excavation range of each part of the expanded excavation tunnel, the interval of the middle upright post 7 along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and the erection time of the middle upright post can be flexibly adjusted according to the stable condition of the stratum 10, the specific arrangement of the large pipe shed 9 and the small pipe 11 can also be flexibly determined according to the characteristics of the stratum 10 and the protection requirement of the surrounding environment, the bottom depth of the middle upright post 7 at least reaches the arch bottom position of the expanded excavation tunnel, and meanwhile, the bottom depth can be comprehensively determined according to the arch top displacement control requirement of the expanded excavation tunnel and the stratum condition.
The expanding excavation construction is carried out based on the idea of dividing the whole into parts, excavating in parts and forming a ring in a closed mode, meanwhile, the specific positions and the specific processes of the primary support steel frame, the middle upright post and the temporary inverted arch can be flexibly adjusted according to the stability control requirement of the stratum 10, and in addition, the stratum of the large pipe shed 11 and the small pipe 13 is reinforced in advance before expanding construction, so that the stability guarantee measures of the stratum 10 are further ensured, and the micro-disturbance deformation control target of the stratum 10 and peripheral structures can be achieved to a certain extent. The requirements of on-site rapid construction and environmental protection are met to the maximum extent.
The stratum advance reinforcement mainly adopts large pipe sheds and small guide pipes for grouting reinforcement, and can also carry out full-section deep hole grouting reinforcement on soil bodies in the expanded excavation range according to stratum conditions; meanwhile, according to the blocking form and the joint position of the shield tunnel segment, corresponding sub-excavation ranges and construction steps are set, each sub-excavation range is ensured to correspond to the segment joint position to the maximum extent, and segment dismantling and inverted arch implementation are facilitated; the shield tunnel is internally piled and loaded with sand bags which are convenient to carry, and meanwhile, the piling and loading height suggestion corresponds to the upper half-section duct piece dismantling range, namely corresponds to the duct piece joint position; in order to be beneficial to local cutting and mounting and dismounting of the duct piece, the duct pieces in the range to be dismounted are all made of steel pipe pieces, and meanwhile, the conditions for penetrating through the middle upright columns are reserved at the arch crown and the arch bottom of the tunnel, so that the effective construction of a vertical load bearing system is ensured. The shield tunnel segment is a conventional steel tube segment, the primary support steel frame, the middle upright post and the temporary inverted arch of the newly-built tunnel are all made of conventional steel, the large tube shed and the sleeve valve tube for the advanced reinforcement of the expanded tunnel are made of common steel tubes, and the cement slurry material for pressure injection and the process are common, so that the construction efficiency is high, and the transaction control of the engineering quality is realized.
The invention is not limited to the examples, and any equivalent changes to the technical solution of the invention by a person skilled in the art after reading the description of the invention are covered by the claims of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. Shield tunnel expands system of digging based on center pillar and inverted arch, its characterized in that:
the system comprises a primary support grid steel frame (24) outside the small-section shield tunnel, a vertical center pillar (7) and a temporary inverted arch;
the primary support grid steel frame (24) comprises a plurality of steel frames which are sealed into a ring;
a vertical central upright post is arranged in the primary support grid steel frame (24);
and a transverse temporary inverted arch is arranged between two sides (7) of the middle part of the middle upright post and the primary grid steel frame (24), and the middle upright post and the temporary inverted arch are used as in-tunnel temporary supports after the segmented segments in the existing shield tunnel are removed.
2. The shield tunnel expanding excavation system based on the center pillar and the inverted arch according to claim 1, wherein:
the middle upright column comprises a middle upright column I-shaped steel (7) at the lower part and a middle upright column II-shaped steel (12) at the upper part;
the bottom end of the first section steel (7) of the middle upright column penetrates through a duct piece at the bottom of the existing shield tunnel downwards and is connected to a primary support grid steel frame (24);
the top end of the second section steel (12) of the middle upright column upwards penetrates through a duct piece at the top of the existing shield tunnel and is connected to a primary grid steel frame (24).
3. The shield tunnel expanding excavation system based on the center pillar and the inverted arch according to claim 2, wherein:
the segmented duct pieces in the existing shield tunnel comprise an upper middle duct piece (1), an upper left side duct piece (2), an upper right side duct piece (3), a lower middle duct piece (6), a lower left side duct piece (4) and a lower right side duct piece (5);
the upper left of section of jurisdiction (1) is outer to lean on the middle excavation region for the upper left in the middle of the upper portion, and upper left side section of jurisdiction (2) is outer to lean on outer excavation region for the upper left, and section of jurisdiction (1) is outer to lean on outer excavation region for the upper right with upper portion right side section of jurisdiction (3) in the middle of the upper portion, and lower portion left side section of jurisdiction (4) is outer to lean on outer excavation region for the lower left in the left, and lower portion right side section of jurisdiction (5) is outer to lean on outer excavation region for the lower right in the right, and section of.
4. The shield tunnel expanding excavation system based on the center pillar and the inverted arch according to claim 3, wherein:
after the left lower outer excavation area is excavated, a lower left temporary inverted arch (22) is arranged at the lower boundary;
after the lower right side near the outer excavation area is excavated, a lower right side temporary inverted arch (23) is arranged at the lower boundary.
5. The shield tunnel expanding excavation system based on the center pillar and the inverted arch according to claim 4, wherein:
a sand bag (8) is arranged in the existing shield tunnel between the lower part of the upper temporary inverted arch and the arch bottom of the shield tunnel.
6. The shield tunnel expanding excavation system based on the center pillar and the inverted arch according to claim 5, wherein:
in the area above the arch of the tunnel, a large pipe shed (9) is arranged outside the primary support grid steel frame (24).
7. The shield tunnel expanding excavation system based on the center pillar and the inverted arch according to claim 6, wherein:
the outer side of the primary support grid steel frame (24) is provided with small guide pipes (11), the small guide pipes (11) are arranged on the full section, and the upper half section of the tunnel and the large pipe shed (9) are arranged in a staggered mode at intervals.
8. The shield tunnel expanding excavation system based on the center pillar and the inverted arch according to claim 7, wherein:
erecting a primary grid steel frame (24) and following an excavation footage, wherein the difference of the excavation footage of the upper half section and the lower half section of the tunnel is kept in the width range of a ring pipe sheet;
the tunnel expanding and digging is constructed based on the ideas of advanced reinforcement, short footage and early sealing of a large pipe shed (9) and a small pipe (11).
9. The shield tunnel expanding excavation method based on the middle upright post and the inverted arch is characterized in that:
the method comprises the following steps:
and (3) expanding and excavating a new tunnel outside the existing shield tunnel, removing each segment of the existing shield tunnel in a segmented manner, and applying stratum advanced reinforcement and in-tunnel temporary support before expanding and excavating the shield tunnel to realize the micro-disturbance expanding and excavating construction based on the effective transmission and conversion of vertical loads.
10. The shield tunnel expanding excavation method based on the center pillar and the inverted arch according to claim 9, characterized in that:
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to design requirements, shield tunnel construction is carried out, and segment lining assembly is completed;
step two: laying a sand bag (8) on the lower half section of the shield tunnel, inserting the section steel I (7) of the middle upright column at the lower part according to the position of a segment hoisting hole and a reserved hole of the middle segment (6) at the lower part, and enabling the bottom of the section steel I (7) of the middle upright column to directly reach the arch bottom of the expanded excavation tunnel;
step three: according to the tunnel expansion excavation profile, a large pipe shed (9) is arranged on the upper half section of the excavation profile, cement mortar is injected into the large pipe shed (9) in a pressing mode, and grouting reinforcement is conducted on the peripheral stratum (10);
step four: according to the expanding excavation step of the shield tunnel, small guide pipes (11) are arranged on the upper strata of the upper left side and the middle excavation region for grouting reinforcement and are arranged with the large pipe sheds (9) in a staggered mode at intervals;
step five: excavating the stratum of the upper left middle excavation region, grouting and reinforcing a small guide pipe (11) on the stratum (10) on the right side in the excavation process to increase the stability of the stratum (10) on the right side, erecting a steel frame (13) on the left side of the outer contour of the upper left middle excavation region in time in the excavation process, and erecting a section steel (12) on the middle upright post on the upper part according to the conditions of a hoisting hole and a reserved hole of an upper middle segment (1) to form a vertical effective support;
step six: according to the expanding excavation step of the shield tunnel, small guide pipes (11) are arranged on the upper strata of the left upper outer excavation region in a grouting and reinforcing mode and are arranged with large pipe sheds (9) in a staggered mode at intervals, then expanding excavation construction is conducted, and a left second steel frame (14) is erected in time;
step seven: dismantling an upper middle pipe piece (1) and an upper left side pipe piece (2), cutting the upper middle pipe piece (1) according to the upper left middle digging area range, then erecting a transverse upper left side temporary inverted arch (20), and firmly welding two ends of the upper middle pipe piece with a left second steel frame (14) and a middle upright first section steel (7) respectively;
step eight: according to the excavation procedures of an upper left middle excavation region and an upper left outer excavation region, grouting and reinforcing a small guide pipe (11) and excavating a stratum (10) in the upper right excavation region, erecting a right first steel frame (15) and a right second steel frame (16) of the outline of the upper right excavation region, then dismantling the residual upper middle pipe piece (1) and the upper right pipe piece (3), and finally erecting an upper right temporary inverted arch (21) symmetrical to the upper left temporary inverted arch (20) in time;
step nine: according to the range of a left lower outer excavation region, a small guide pipe (11) is arranged on the outer side of an expanded excavation profile for grouting reinforcement, then a sand bag (8) in the range of the excavation profile is removed, then stratum (10) excavation is carried out, a lower left side duct piece (4) is dismantled, a left side third steel frame (17) at the position of the left lower outer excavation region profile is erected, finally a lower left side temporary inverted arch (22) at the lower boundary of the left lower outer excavation region is arranged, one end of the lower left side temporary inverted arch (22) is firmly welded with the left side third steel frame (17), and the other end of the lower left side temporary inverted arch is effectively contacted with a lower middle duct piece (;
step ten: according to the step of expanding excavation of the left lower outer excavation region, expanding excavation construction of the right lower outer excavation region is completed, a duct piece (5) on the right side of the lower portion is dismantled, and a third steel frame (18) on the right side and a temporary inverted arch (23) on the right side of the lower portion are erected in time;
step eleven: removing the residual sandbags (8), removing the lower middle pipe piece (6), erecting an inverted arch steel frame (19) at the inverted arch position of the expanded excavation range in time, and welding and fixing two ends of the inverted arch steel frame (19) with a left third steel frame (17) and a right third steel frame (18); and then, according to the pouring sequence of firstly arching bottom, secondly arching waist and finally arching top, performing the pouring construction of the tunnel permanent lining structure.
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| CN202010799692.6A CN111810200B (en) | 2020-08-11 | Shield tunnel expanding and excavating system and method based on middle upright post and inverted arch |
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| CN202010799692.6A CN111810200B (en) | 2020-08-11 | Shield tunnel expanding and excavating system and method based on middle upright post and inverted arch |
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| CN111810200A true CN111810200A (en) | 2020-10-23 |
| CN111810200B CN111810200B (en) | 2024-07-09 |
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