CN113405412A - Safety large-diameter explosive cartridge warhead mechanical trigger fuse - Google Patents
Safety large-diameter explosive cartridge warhead mechanical trigger fuse Download PDFInfo
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- CN113405412A CN113405412A CN202110701301.7A CN202110701301A CN113405412A CN 113405412 A CN113405412 A CN 113405412A CN 202110701301 A CN202110701301 A CN 202110701301A CN 113405412 A CN113405412 A CN 113405412A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
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Abstract
The invention discloses a safe mechanical trigger fuse of a large-caliber explosive gun bullet, which comprises a shell, an integral ring, a collision type trigger and self-destruction mechanism, a soft belt, an explosion-proof and delay relief safety mechanism, a split ring and a recoil safety mechanism and an explosion propagation tube. The impact type triggering and self-destroying mechanism comprises a support, a shearing pin, a first firing pin and a delay tube assembly, wherein the delay tube assembly comprises a needle punching delay fire cap, a triggering body and a second firing pin, and the impact triggering and self-destroying functions can be realized. The soft belt is a safety piece of a collision type triggering and self-destruction mechanism. The explosion-proof and delay relief mechanism is a ball rotor and has an inertia triggering function. The recoil safety mechanism also serves as an explosion-propagating tube and comprises an explosion-propagating tube and a truncated cone-shaped supporting cylinder. The fuse has a simple structure, fully utilizes the fuse space, has the functions of explosion suppression, redundancy insurance, delay relief insurance, self destruction and self failure, and is also suitable for small-caliber grenades.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technology of large-caliber explosion bullet fuzes, and particularly relates to a large-caliber explosion bullet mechanical trigger fuze which is also suitable for small-caliber artillery grenades.
Background
The large-diameter explosive cartridge has great significance for improving the power of firearms. However, explosive charges are filled in the explosive gun barrels, and the explosive gun barrels are all detonated by simple non-explosion-proof fuses. Due to the firing of the cartridgeThe loads are all very high, generally all are 10 ten thousandgTherefore, the potential safety hazard of the non-explosion-proof fuze of the gun and the bomb is very obvious, and the accidents of chamber explosion and muzzle explosion occur occasionally.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a safe mechanical trigger fuse for a bullet of a large-caliber explosion bullet, which can comprehensively improve the safety of the large-caliber explosion bullet and further improve the reliability.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a safety mechanical trigger fuse for the bullet of large-diameter explosive gun is composed of casing, integral ring, impact trigger and self-destroying mechanism, soft band, explosion-proof and delay relief mechanism, split ring and recoil safety mechanism and booster tube. Wherein the top surface of the housing is provided with a pre-set breaking point to improve the triggering sensitivity of the fuze. The shaping ring is arranged at the fracture point of the shell, so that the surface of the fuse body is smooth, and the air resistance is reduced when the projectile flies. The inner end of the housing cavity is provided with a section of pressure relief cavity, so that the delay precision of the acupuncture delay fire cap can be improved. The firing pin and the self-destruction delay tube of the impact triggering and self-destruction mechanism adopt an integrated structure, so that impact triggering and ignition can be realized when a fuse impacts a target, and a self-destruction function can also be realized. The bracket is positioned at the top end of the impact type triggering and self-destroying mechanism, so that ignition can be realized when a target is hit by wiping the ground at a small falling angle and a large falling angle. The soft belt is a safety piece of a collision type triggering and self-destruction part. The explosion-proof and delay relief mechanism is a ball rotor, so that the needling/flame bidirectional input detonator is in an explosion-proof state at ordinary times, and a delay relief function is realized after fuse relief, so that the fuse is relieved beyond the safety distance of a muzzle, and the safety of the fuse during firing is realized. The recoil safety mechanism and the booster tube are arranged in the center of the ball seat. The centrifugal safety part is a split ring and is clamped outside the crescent notch at one end of the isolation ball. The two safety mechanisms realize the redundant safety of the ball rotor. When the bullet is launched, the recoil overload enables the first striker to cut off the shear pin and move downwards, the delay tube is punctured, the delay tube is ignited to charge and time, and the timed self-destruction or fire extinction of the gunpowder is realized after the bullet falls to the ground.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the structure optimization overall arrangement, the top adopts the cavity structure, makes the time delay of detonator acupuncture delay fire cap have higher precision and reliability.
(2) A breaking point is prefabricated at the top end of the fuse shell, so that the fuse has better trigger sensitivity. Meanwhile, an integral ring is added at the prefabricated fracture point, so that the external surface of the fuse is smooth, and the air resistance is reduced.
(3) The head impact type triggering and self-destruction mechanism can be used for triggering fuzes of large-caliber bullet heads and small-caliber grenade bullet heads, and can effectively solve the contradiction between falling safety and triggering sensitivity, landing at a small falling angle and landing at a large landing angle and firing reliability.
(4) The structure of integrating the self-destruction delay tube and the firing pin is adopted, the structure is simple, and the cost is low.
(5) Has the functions of fire insulation and self-failure, and can ensure the safety of explosive treatment of unexploded ammunition.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a safety large-caliber explosive cartridge warhead mechanical trigger fuse of the invention.
In the figure, 1 is a shell, 2 is a shaping ring, 3 is a knock type trigger and self-destruction mechanism, 31 is a bracket, 32 is a shear pin, 33 is a first impact pin, 34 is a delay tube component, 341 is a needle puncture delay fire cap, 342 is a trigger body, 343 is a second impact pin, 4 is a soft belt, 5 is an explosion-proof and delay relief safety mechanism, 51 is a ball cover, 52 is a positioning sleeve, 53 is an isolating ball, 54 is a needle puncture/flame bidirectional input detonator, 55 is a detonator sleeve, 56 is a ball seat, 6 is a split ring, 7 is a recoil safety mechanism and booster, 71 is a booster, 711 is a reinforcing cap, 712 is a booster shell, 713 is booster powder and 72 is a truncated cone-shaped support.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.
With reference to fig. 1, the safe mechanical trigger fuse for the bullet of the large-caliber explosive gun according to the invention comprises a shell 1, a shaping ring 2, a collision type trigger and self-destruction mechanism 3, a soft belt 4, an explosion-proof and delay relief safety mechanism 5, a split ring 6 and a recoil safety mechanism and booster tube 7. The shell 1 is provided with an inner cavity from the bottom surface upwards, the impact type triggering and self-destruction mechanism 3 and the explosion-proof and delay relief mechanism 5 are coaxially arranged from top to bottom along the inner cavity, wherein one end of the explosion-proof and delay relief mechanism 5 is fixed in the inner cavity, and the other end of the explosion-proof and delay relief mechanism extends out of the inner cavity; the shaping ring 2 is coaxially sleeved on the front section of the outer side wall of the shell 1.
Further, the impact type triggering and self-destroying mechanism 3 comprises a shearing pin 32, a first firing pin 33 and a delay tube assembly 34, the delay tube assembly 34 comprises a needle prick delay fire cap 341, a triggering body 342 and a second firing pin 343, the triggering body 342 is a revolving body, a third-order through hole, a ninth-order hole, a tenth-order hole and an eleventh-order hole are formed in sequence from top to bottom, and a circle of flange is arranged on the circumferential outer wall of the tenth-order hole; the needling delay fire cap 341 is arranged in the tenth-step hole, the base of the second firing pin 343 is positioned in the tenth-step hole and is in contact with the bottom surface of the needling delay fire cap 341, the firing pin tip of the second firing pin 343 extends out of the trigger body 342 from the eleventh-step hole, the first firing pin 33 is sequentially arranged in the ninth-step hole, and the first firing pin 33 is locked in the ninth-step hole through the shearing pin 32.
Further, the explosion-proof and delay relief mechanism 5 comprises a ball cover 51, a positioning sleeve 52, an isolation ball 53, a detonator sleeve 55, a ball seat 56 and two needling/flame bidirectional input detonators 54; the ball cover 51 is provided with a through hole downwards from the center of the top surface, the lower end of the trigger body 342 extends into the through hole, the soft belt 4 is a safety part of the impact type trigger and self-destruction mechanism 3, the soft belt 4 is clamped on the outer side wall of the tenth-step hole and is positioned between the bottom surface of the flange of the trigger body 342 and the top surface of the through hole of the ball cover 51, the isolation ball 53 is provided with a first transverse through hole of which the axis passes through the ball center, and a detonator sleeve 55 is arranged in the first transverse through hole; two ends of the detonator sleeve 55 are respectively provided with a first transverse blind hole, the two first transverse blind holes are coaxial, the central axes of the two first transverse blind holes penetrate through the sphere center, the two transverse blind holes are communicated through a connecting hole, the middle part of the outer side of the detonator sleeve 55 is provided with a limiting hole which is communicated with the connecting hole, each first transverse blind hole is internally provided with a needling/flame bidirectional input detonator 54, the outward ends of the two needling/flame bidirectional input detonators 54 are a needling input end and an output end, and the inward ends of the two needling/flame bidirectional input detonators 54 are flame input ends; the top end of the isolating ball 53 is provided with a second-order hole coaxial with the central axis of the fuse, and the bottom of the second-order hole is communicated with the connecting hole; the positioning sleeve 52 is arranged in the second-order hole; the positioning sleeve 52, the isolating ball 53, the two needle/flame bidirectional input detonators 54 and the detonator sleeve 55 form a ball rotor, and the ball cover 51 and the ball seat 56 together form an accommodating and moving chamber of the ball rotor; the split ring 6 is a centrifugal safety part of the ball rotor and is clamped outside a crescent notch at the lower end of the isolation ball 53, so that one safety of the isolation ball 53, namely the centrifugal safety, is realized; the ball seat 56 has a cavity opened downward from above, and the recoil safety mechanism and squib 7 is provided in the cavity.
Further, the recoil safety mechanism and booster 7 comprises a booster 71 and a truncated cone-shaped support 72 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and a first groove coaxial with the fuse is arranged at the bottom end of the isolation ball 53; the top end of the booster 71 extends into the first groove of the isolation ball 53; after the booster 71 is pressed down by the recoil force to the truncated cone-shaped support tube 72, the bottom surface of the booster 71 abuts against the inner end surface of the chamber on the ball seat 56, the booster 71 moves downwards and releases the restriction on the isolation ball 53, the booster 71 generates centrifugal inertia force due to the radial movement clearance with the chamber of the ball seat 56, and further forms friction force on the restriction surface, so that the booster 71 cannot recover the safety in the movement after the isolation ball 53.
Furthermore, a third through hole is formed in the positioning sleeve 52 from the top center to the bottom, and four second through holes with axes perpendicular to the axis of the fuse are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction on the upper side wall of the positioning sleeve, and the second through holes are used as fire transfer holes; the acupuncture delay fire cap 341 realizes self-destruction timing by applying a gunpowder delay principle; if the soft belt 4 is reliably thrown away after the shot flies out of the muzzle, the delay tube assembly 34 is released, under the condition that the ball rotor in the fuze is still at the initial assembly position without rotating unexpectedly after the shot is shot, and when the scheduled impact is triggered, the delay tube assembly 34 moves towards the bottom direction of the fuze, so that the point characteristic of the second striker 343 enters a third through hole on the positioning sleeve 52, and the fuze enters a self-failure state; then, the delay tube assembly 34 fires to output gunpowder gas, the gas is transmitted into the ball rotor through fire transmission holes on two sides of the positioning sleeve 52, and then is transmitted into a flame input end of a detonator 54 through a needle-prick/flame bidirectional input in the isolation ball 53 in an inward direction to detonate the needle-prick/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 at an isolation position, and the detonator further enters an insulation state; if the ball rotor in the fuze rotates but is not completely rotated accidentally after the shot is shot, when the shot is triggered and occurs due to a predetermined impact, the delay tube assembly 34 moves towards the bottom of the fuze, so that the striking point feature on the second striking pin 343 pierces the spherical surface of the isolation ball 53 and is damaged, the isolation ball 53 is prevented from rotating positively, the second striking pin 343 loses the function of firing and firing, and the fuze enters a self-failure state; at this time, the delay tube assembly 34 is ignited to output powder gas, the powder gas is transmitted into the ball rotor through the fire transmission holes on the two sides of the positioning sleeve 52, and like the actions, the needle/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 is ignited, and the detonator enters an insulated or self-destruction state.
Furthermore, the positioning sleeve 52 limits the part of the detonator sleeve 55, namely the lower end part of the positioning sleeve 52 extends into a limiting hole of the detonator sleeve 55 to prevent the detonator sleeve 55 from moving transversely, and the booster 71 has no axial limit; if the soft belt 4 cannot be thrown reliably by accident after the shot flies out of the chamber, namely the delay tube assembly 34 cannot be released by accident, and the ball rotor is relieved of insurance, when the shot hits a target, the booster 71 is subjected to forward impact overload to push the detonator sleeve 55, the detonator sleeve 55 is also subjected to forward impact overload to cut the positioning sleeve 52, so that the needle/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 in the detonator sleeve 55 impacts the second firing pin 343, and the fuze realizes inertial triggering; the booster 71 and the detonator sleeve 55 are rushed forward, so that the booster distance of the needling/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 to the booster 71 is shortened, and the contradiction between detonator explosion suppression and booster is favorably solved.
Furthermore, a cavity is reserved between the top of the impact type triggering and self-destroying mechanism 3 and the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the shell 1, so that the delay precision of the acupuncture delay fire cap is improved.
Furthermore, the impact triggering and self-destruction mechanism 3 further comprises a bracket 31, the top of the bracket 31 is in a truncated cone shape, part of the bracket 31 extends into the cavity, the bottom of the bracket is arranged in a ninth-step hole of the triggering body 342 and is positioned on the top surface of the first firing pin 33, when the fuse lands on a small landing angle or a large landing angle, the head of the shell 1 can still push the impact triggering mechanism 3 downwards to move axially, so that the reliability of the firing action on the target small landing angle and the target large landing angle is improved.
Furthermore, the outer surface of the top of the shell 1 is provided with a prefabricated breaking point so as to improve the triggering sensitivity of the fuse, and the shaping ring 2 is arranged at the breaking point of the shell 1 so as to smooth the surface of the fuse and reduce the air resistance when the projectile flies.
Examples
With reference to fig. 1, the safe mechanical trigger fuse for the bullet of the large-caliber explosive gun according to the invention comprises a shell 1, a shaping ring 2, a collision type trigger and self-destruction mechanism 3, a soft belt 4, an explosion-proof and delay relief safety mechanism 5, a split ring 6 and a recoil safety mechanism and booster tube 7. Wherein the shell 1 is provided with an inner cavity from the bottom surface upwards, the impact type triggering and self-destroying mechanism 3 and the explosion-proof and delay relief mechanism 5 are coaxially arranged from top to bottom along the inner cavity, one end of the explosion-proof and delay relief mechanism 5 is fixed in the inner cavity, and the other end extends out of the inner cavity. The shaping ring 2 is coaxially sleeved on the front section of the outer side wall of the shell 1. The strike trigger and self-destruct mechanism 3 includes a bracket 31, a shear pin 32 and a first striker pin 33. The soft belt 4 is a safety part of the impact type triggering and self-destruction mechanism 3, is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell 1 and is clamped on the outer side wall of the tenth-step hole. The explosion-proof and delay relief mechanism 5 comprises a ball cover 51, a positioning sleeve 52, an isolating ball 53, a detonator sleeve 55, a ball seat 56 and two needling/flame bidirectional input detonators 54. The recoil safety mechanism and detonation tube 7 comprises a detonation tube 71 and a truncated cone-shaped support tube 72, the recoil safety mechanism and detonation tube 7 is arranged in the cavity of the ball seat 56, and the top end part of the detonation tube 71 protrudes into a first groove at the bottom end of the isolation ball 53. The booster 71 is also used to amplify the detonation energy output to the needled/flame bi-directional input detonator 54 during the fuze action, thereby initiating the loading of the projectile at the warhead.
The shell 1 is in a cone shape, and a six-step stepped blind hole, namely a first step hole, a second step hole, a third step hole, a fourth step hole, a fifth step hole and a sixth step hole, is arranged in the shell from top to bottom along the central axis of the shell. The first-step hole in the shell 1 is a taper hole with the diameter decreasing from bottom to top, and the diameter of the bottom surface of the first-step hole is equal to that of the second-step hole. The diameter of the top surface of the third-step hole is equal to that of the second-step hole, and the diameter of the bottom surface of the third-step hole is slightly smaller than that of the fourth-step hole. The fifth step hole diameter is larger than the fourth step hole diameter. The diameter of the sixth-step hole is larger than that of the fifth-step hole, and an internal thread is arranged at the lower end of the sixth-step hole. And a shoulder is arranged outside the shell 1 and is arranged outside the second step hole and the third step hole. The integral ring 2 is in a ring shape, the inner cavity of the integral ring is a first through hole from top to bottom along the central axis, the diameter of the first through hole is equal to that of the shoulder of the shell 1, and the integral ring 2 is arranged on the shoulder of the shell 1. The outer contour of the ball seat 56 generally includes a first cylinder, a second cylinder, a third cylinder and a fourth cylinder from top to bottom, wherein the first cylinder and the third cylinder are provided with external threads for connecting with the sixth-step hole of the housing 1 and the projectile body, respectively. The second cylinder is in smooth transition with the outer wall of the housing 1. The inner cavity of the ball seat 56 is a second-order stepped blind hole which is coaxially arranged from top to bottom along the central axis and is a seventh-order hole and an eighth-order hole respectively. The seventh-order hole and the eighth-order hole of the ball seat 56 are transitionally connected by a section of spherical surface with the diameter decreasing from top to bottom.
The delay tube assembly 34 is composed of a needle prick delay fire cap 341, a trigger body 342 and a second firing pin 343, wherein the needle prick delay fire cap 341, the trigger body 342 and the second firing pin 343 are coaxially connected and fixed, and the second firing pin 343 is located at the bottom of the trigger body 342. The trigger 342 is cylindrical. The diameter of the upper half part of the trigger body 342 is equal to the diameter of the fourth-step hole on the shell 1. The center of the top surface of the trigger body 342 is provided with a third-order stepped through hole with decreasing diameter along the axial direction from top to bottom, and the third-order stepped through hole, the ninth-order hole, the tenth-order hole and the eleventh-order hole are arranged in sequence. A ring of flanges is arranged on the circumferential outer wall of the tenth-step hole on the trigger body 342. The outer contour of the support 31 comprises a first round table and a fifth cylinder from top to bottom, and a second-order stepped through hole, namely a twelfth-order hole and a thirteenth-order hole, is formed in the support 31 from top to bottom from the center of the top surface. The twelfth-order hole diameter is smaller than the thirteenth-order hole diameter. And a radial through hole is arranged on the side wall of the thirteenth-step hole and is a first radial through hole. The bracket 31 is disposed in a ninth-step hole of the trigger body 342 and is fixed by riveting through a top surface of the ninth-step hole. The outer contour of the first firing pin 33 comprises a sixth cylinder and a seventh cylinder from top to bottom, and the diameter of the sixth cylinder is smaller than that of the seventh cylinder. The first striker 33 is provided with a second-order through hole, a fourteenth-order hole and a fifteenth-order hole in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the fifteenth-order hole is four axial through holes uniformly distributed along the circumference. And a radial through hole is arranged on the side wall of the fourteenth step hole and is a second radial through hole. The bottom end face of the seventh cylinder is provided with a hitting tip feature. The sixth cylinder on the first firing pin 33 is disposed in the tenth-order hole on the support 31, and the seventh cylinder is disposed in the tenth-order hole on the trigger 342, connected by the shear pin 32 disposed in the first radial through hole and the second radial through hole, and fixed by the wall of the tenth-order hole on the trigger 342. The needling delay fire cap 341 is cylindrical and is an eighth cylinder. The eighth cylinder of the acupuncture delay fire cap 341 is disposed in the eleventh hole of the trigger 342. The second striker 343 is a circular thin plate, and a striker point feature is arranged on a bottom end surface of the second striker 343. The second firing pin 343 is disposed at the bottom end surface of the tenth-order hole of the trigger body 342, and the firing pin tip feature protrudes from the bottom end surface of the trigger body 342 through the eleventh-order hole. The majority of the trigger 342 is disposed in the fourth-step bore of the housing 1, and the trigger and the fourth-step bore are in clearance fit, so as to provide guidance for axial movement of the delay tube assembly 34 during an attack. The soft belt 4 is a thin metal belt wound into a coil shape and arranged outside the lower end of the trigger 342, so as to support and position the delay tube assembly 34.
The outer contour of the isolation ball 53 is similar to a sphere, and a transverse through hole with an axis passing through the center of the sphere is arranged at the center of the isolation ball and is a first transverse through hole. The detonator sleeve 55 is cylindrical and is arranged in the first transverse through hole. The two ends of the detonator sleeve 55 are respectively provided with a same transverse blind hole which is a first transverse blind hole. The two first transverse blind holes are provided with a second through hole along the transverse direction, namely a connecting hole. The middle part of the outer side of the detonator sleeve 55 is provided with a limiting hole which is a sixteenth-order hole and is communicated with the connecting hole. Each first transverse blind hole is provided with a needling/flame bi-directional input detonator 54. The outward ends of the two needle/flame bi-directional input detonators 54 are both needle input and output ends, and the inward ends are flame input ends. The lower end of the isolation ball 53 is provided with a crescent notch. The split ring 6 is a circular ring with an opening at one end, is a centrifugal safety part and is clamped outside a crescent notch at the lower end of the isolation ball 53, so that one safety of the isolation ball 53, namely the centrifugal safety, is realized.
The center of the top end of the isolation ball 53 is provided with a second-order hole coaxial with the central axis of the fuse, namely a seventeenth-order hole and an eighteenth-order hole, and the bottom of the second-order hole is communicated with the connecting hole. The center of the bottom of the isolation ball is provided with a downward axial groove which is a first groove.
The outer contour of the positioning sleeve 52 comprises a ninth cylinder and a tenth cylinder from top to bottom, the diameter of the ninth cylinder is slightly larger than that of the seventeenth-step hole, and the diameter of the tenth cylinder is equal to that of the eighteenth-step hole. The center of the top end of the positioning sleeve 52 is provided with a third through hole from top to bottom, and the side wall position of the upper part of the positioning sleeve is evenly distributed with four second through holes with axes vertical to the axis of the fuse along the circumferential direction, and the second through holes are used as fire transfer holes. And a ninth cylinder on the positioning sleeve 52 is arranged in a seventeenth-step hole on the isolating ball 53 and is fixed by point riveting through the top end surface of the seventeenth-step hole.
The outer contour of the ball cover 51 comprises an eleventh cylinder, a twelfth cylinder, a thirteenth cylinder and a fourteenth cylinder from top to bottom, and the top end surface of the thirteenth cylinder abuts against the bottom surface of the sixth-order hole in the housing 1. The center of the ball cover 51 is provided with three stepped holes from top to bottom, which are respectively a nineteenth stepped hole, a twentieth stepped hole and a twenty-first stepped hole. The twenty-first-step hole is cylindrical, the twenty-second-step hole is tangent to the twenty-first-step hole, and the diameter of the nineteenth-step hole is equal to that of the fourth-step hole of the shell 1. The ball seat 56 has a first cylindrical top end surface abutting against a thirteenth cylindrical bottom end surface of the ball cover 51. The hemispherical coupling hole of the ball seat 56 and the hemispherical hole (i.e., the twentieth-step hole) of the ball cover 51 together constitute a movement and restriction chamber of the isolation ball 53.
The recoil safety mechanism and squib 7 includes a squib 71 and a truncated cone shaped support 72. The booster 71 is a cylindrical component and is disposed in the eighth-step hole of the ball seat 56, and the booster and the eighth-step hole are in clearance fit. The truncated cone-shaped support tube 72 is a circular truncated cone-shaped thin-wall support, the upper end surface of the truncated cone-shaped support tube abuts against the bottom end surface of the booster 71, and the bottom end surface of the truncated cone-shaped support tube 72 abuts against the bottom end surface of the blind hole of the ball seat 56. The upper end surface of the booster 71 protrudes into the first groove on the bottom end surface of the isolation ball 53, so that another safety for the isolation ball 53, namely a recoil safety, is realized.
In the service processing stage, credible impact and vibration including falling, collision, transportation vibration and the like can not cause the fuze to change the assembly state. The recoil safety mechanism and booster 7 and the split ring 6 in the fuse are both positioned at safety positions, so that the explosion-proof and delay relief safety mechanism 5 is ensured to be in an explosion-proof state, at the moment, even if the needling/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 in the fuse is accidentally ignited and exploded, no dangerous fragment is generated outwards, the booster 71 is not detonated, the fuse is not accidentally ignited, and the safety of the service processing stage can be ensured.
When the projectile is shot, the booster 71 will crush the truncated cone-shaped support tube 72 and move downward under the action of recoil force until the booster 71 does not protrude into the groove of the isolation ball 53, and one safety (recoil safety) to the isolation ball 53 is released. Then the booster 71 continues to move downwards until the bottom end surface abuts against the inner end surface of the cavity of the ball seat 56, centrifugal inertia force is generated by the booster 71 due to radial movement clearance with the cavity on the ball seat 56, friction force is further formed on the restraining surface, and then the booster 71 is always located in the eighth-order hole of the ball seat 56 in the subsequent movement process of the isolation ball 53, so that the safety is not restored, and the isolation ball 53 can be guaranteed to be relieved.
When the recoil safety mechanism is relieved, the recoil overload enables the first striker 33 to shear the shearing pin 32 and move downwards, the delay tube assembly 34 is punctured, the charge of the delay tube 341 starts to burn and time, and the self-destruction is started.
During the movement of the projectile in the chamber, the lower end surface of the soft belt 4 is pressed on the upper end surface of the ball cap 51 under the action of recoil force, and the centrifugal force in the inner ballistic phase is not enough to overcome the friction force generated by the recoil force on the end surface, so that the soft belt 4 cannot be thrown away. The delay tube assembly 34 is ensured not to move downwards in the bore to lock the isolation ball 53 to cause failure, and a needle-prick/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 at one end of the isolation ball 53 which is accidentally turned right is not stabbed to cause accidental firing, so that the safety of firing in the bore is ensured.
When the projectile moves in the bore to approach the muzzle and the rotating speed of the projectile reaches a certain value, the split ring 6 is thrown away under the action of centrifugal force, and the other insurance (centrifugal insurance) of the isolating ball 53 is further released. The soft band 4 starts to be thrown away by the centrifugal force.
Even if both safety mechanisms of the isolation ball 53 are relieved within the bore, the isolation ball 53 remains in an assembled position, i.e., isolated, within the bore due to the presence of the squat overload. At this time, even if the needle-prick/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 in the isolation ball 53 is accidentally ignited due to the firing impact, the subsequent booster 71 is not detonated, thereby ensuring the safety of firing in the bore.
The projectile flies out of the muzzle and approaches the end of the aftereffect period, and the soft belt 4 is completely thrown away. The isolation ball 53 rotates under the action of centrifugal moment and rotates to a position for releasing safety, namely aligning after the projectile flies out of the muzzle safety distance, namely, the needling/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 at one end of the isolation ball 53 is opposite to the delay tube assembly 34, the needling/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 at the other end is opposite to the booster tube 71, the axis of the needling/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 is coincident or nearly coincident with the projectile axis, and the detonator is in a state for releasing safety.
When the projectile moves to the end of the aftereffect period, the soft belt 4 is completely thrown away under the action of centrifugal force, the soft belt 4 does not limit the downward movement of the delay tube assembly 34 any more, and the fuze impact type triggering and self-destruction mechanism 3 is in a state of being cocked.
When the shot positively impacts a target, the prefabricated fracture point on the shell 1 is fractured, the top fracture shell extrudes the upper bracket 31 of the impact type triggering and self-destroying mechanism 3, and further pushes the delay tube assembly 34 to move downwards, so that the second firing pin 343 pierces the needling/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 at the upper end of the isolation ball 53 to fire the same, and further detonates the other needling/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 at the lower end of the isolation ball 53, the needling/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 at the lower end of the isolation ball 53 then detonates the booster tube 71, the booster tube 71 then detonates the part to charge, and the triggering and initiation process of the detonator is completed.
If the projectile hits the target at a large impact angle or acts on the ground at a small drop angle, i.e., acts on the ground, the impact breaks the prefabricated breaking point on the shell 1, the top breaking shell presses the circular truncated cone side of the bracket 31, and then the delay tube assembly 34 is pushed to move downwards, so that the second firing pin 343 pierces the needling/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 at the upper end of the isolation ball 53 to fire the detonator, and then another needling/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 at the lower end of the isolation ball 53 is detonated, the needling/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 at the lower end of the isolation ball 53 detonators the booster tube 71, and the booster tube 71 then detonates the warhead charge, i.e., the projectile can still reliably detonate when hitting the target at a large impact angle or acts on the ground at a small drop angle, i.e., acts on the ground.
If the fuse is normally relieved, and no triggering action is performed before the fuse falls to the ground, when the self-destruction delay of the delay tube 341 is finished, weak detonation is output to push the second firing pin 343 to puncture the needling/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 at the upper end of the isolation ball 53 to fire the same, so that the other needling/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 at the lower end of the isolation ball 53 is detonated, the needling/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 at the lower end of the isolation ball 53 detonates the booster 71, and the booster 71 detonates the loading of the warhead part to complete the self-destruction initiation process of the fuse.
When the soft band 4 is reliably thrown away and releases the delay tube assembly 34 after the projectile has flown out of the muzzle, if the ball rotor in the fuze is accidentally not rotated and is still in the initial assembly position after the projectile is fired (trusted failure mode of the ball rotor mechanism), the delay tube assembly 34 will move downward at the time of the predetermined impact attack, so that the characteristics of the striker point thereof enter the central through hole on the positioning sleeve 52, and the fuze enters a self-failure state. And then the delay tube component 34 is ignited to output high-temperature powder gas which is transmitted into the ball rotor mechanism through the fire transmission holes on the two sides of the positioning sleeve 52, the pin-prick flame detonator 54 at the isolation position is ignited through the inward-directed pin-prick/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 input end flame in the isolation ball, and the detonator further enters an insulated state.
When the soft belt 4 is reliably thrown away and releases the delay tube assembly 34 after the shot flies out of the muzzle, if the ball rotor in the fuze rotates but is not completely rotated accidentally after the shot is shot, when the scheduled impact is triggered, the delay tube assembly 34 moves towards the bottom direction of the fuze, so that the point characteristic of the second striker 343 punctures to the spherical surface of the isolation ball 53 to damage (bend and blunt), the isolation ball 53 is prevented from rotating, the second striker 343 basically loses the function of puncture ignition and firing, and the fuze enters a self-failure state. The delay tube assembly 34 is fired to output high temperature powder gas, which may also be transmitted into the ball rotor through the fire transmission holes on both sides of the locating sleeve 52, and as the above action, the two-way firing/flame input detonator 54 is detonated, and the detonator enters a fire-insulated or self-destruction state.
If the soft belt 4 cannot be thrown reliably after the shot flies out of the chamber port accidentally, that is, the delay tube assembly 34 cannot be released accidentally, and the ball rotor is relieved of insurance (the isolation ball is rotated positively), when the shot hits a target, the booster tube 71 is thrust forward by the thrust overload to push the detonator sleeve 55 component, the detonator sleeve 55 component is also thrust forward to overload, the booster tube 71 and the detonator sleeve 55 component thrust forward and cut the positioning sleeve 52, so that the needle-prick/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 in the detonator sleeve 55 is impacted with the second firing pin 343 and is fired, and then another needle-prick/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 in the detonator sleeve 55 is fired, the needle-prick/flame bidirectional input detonator 54 at the lower end of the detonator sleeve 55 is fired to fire the booster tube 71, the booster tube 71 is fired to further fire the hopper part to charge, the initiation process of the shot is completed, and the detonator realizes inertial triggering.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a heavy-calibre explosion cartridge warhead machinery of safe type triggers detonator which characterized in that: the explosion-proof self-destruction explosion-proof device comprises a shell (1), a shaping ring (2), a collision type triggering and self-destruction mechanism (3), a soft belt (4), an explosion-proof and delay relief safety mechanism (5), a split ring (6) and a recoil safety mechanism and a booster tube (7); the shell (1) is provided with an inner cavity from the bottom surface to the top, the impact type triggering and self-destruction mechanism (3) and the explosion-proof and delay relief mechanism (5) are coaxially arranged from the top to the bottom along the inner cavity, wherein one end of the explosion-proof and delay relief mechanism (5) is fixed in the inner cavity, and the other end of the explosion-proof and delay relief mechanism extends out of the inner cavity; the shaping ring (2) is coaxially sleeved at the front section of the outer side wall of the shell (1);
the impact type triggering and self-destroying mechanism (3) comprises a shearing pin (32), a first firing pin (33) and a delay tube assembly (34), wherein the delay tube assembly (34) comprises a needle prick delay fire cap (341), a triggering body (342) and a second firing pin (343), the triggering body (342) is a revolving body, a third-order through hole, a ninth-order hole, a tenth-order hole and an eleventh-order hole are sequentially formed from top to bottom, and a circle of flange is arranged on the circumferential outer wall of the tenth-order hole; the acupuncture delay fire cap (341) is arranged in the tenth-order hole, the base of the second firing pin (343) is positioned in the tenth-order hole and is contacted with the bottom surface of the acupuncture delay fire cap (341), the firing pin tip of the second firing pin (343) extends out of the trigger body (342) from the eleventh-order hole, the first firing pin (33) is sequentially arranged in the ninth-order hole, and the first firing pin (33) is locked in the ninth-order hole through the shearing pin (32);
the explosion-proof and delay relief mechanism (5) comprises a ball cover (51), a positioning sleeve (52), an isolating ball (53), a detonator sleeve (55), a ball seat (56) and two needling/flame bidirectional input detonators (54); a through hole is formed downwards in the ball cover (51) from the center of the top surface, the lower end of the trigger body (342) extends into the through hole, the soft belt (4) is a safety part of the impact type trigger and self-destruction mechanism (3), the soft belt (4) is clamped on the outer side wall of the tenth-step hole and is positioned between the bottom surface of the flange of the trigger body (342) and the top surface of the through hole of the ball cover (51), the isolation ball (53) is provided with a first transverse through hole of which the axis passes through the center of the ball, and a detonator sleeve (55) is arranged in the isolation ball (53); the two ends of the detonator sleeve (55) are respectively provided with a first transverse blind hole, the two first transverse blind holes are coaxial, the central axes of the two first transverse blind holes penetrate through the sphere center, the two transverse blind holes are communicated through a connecting hole, the middle part of the outer side of the detonator sleeve (55) is provided with a limiting hole, the limiting hole is communicated with the connecting hole, each first transverse blind hole is internally provided with a needling/flame bidirectional input detonator (54), the outward ends of the two needling/flame bidirectional input detonators (54) are a needling input end and an output end, and the inward ends of the two needling/flame bidirectional input detonators are flame input ends; the top end of the isolating ball (53) is provided with a second-step hole coaxial with the central axis of the fuse, and the bottom of the second-step hole is communicated with the connecting hole; the positioning sleeve (52) is arranged in the second-order hole; the positioning sleeve (52), the isolating ball (53), the two needling/flame bidirectional input detonators (54) and the detonator sleeve (55) form a ball rotor, and the ball cover (51) and the ball seat (56) jointly form an accommodating and moving chamber of the ball rotor; the split ring (6) is a centrifugal safety part of the ball rotor and is clamped outside a crescent notch at the lower end of the isolation ball (53) to realize one safety of the isolation ball (53), namely centrifugal safety; the ball seat (56) is provided with a cavity from top to bottom, and the recoil safety mechanism and the detonating tube (7) are arranged in the cavity.
2. The safety large caliber explosive cartridge warhead mechanical trigger fuse according to claim 1, wherein: the recoil safety mechanism and booster tube (7) comprises a booster tube (71) and a truncated cone-shaped support tube (72) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and a first groove coaxial with the fuse is arranged at the bottom end of the isolation ball (53); the top end of the booster (71) extends into the first groove of the isolation ball (53); after the booster (71) crushes the truncated cone-shaped support barrel (72) under the action of recoil force, the bottom surface of the booster (71) abuts against the inner end surface of the cavity on the ball seat (56), the booster (71) moves downwards and removes the limitation on the isolation ball (53), centrifugal inertia force is generated by the booster (71) due to the radial movement clearance of the cavity of the ball seat (56), and then friction force is formed on the constraint surface of the booster, so that the booster (71) cannot recover the safety in the movement after the isolation ball (53).
3. The safety large caliber explosive cartridge warhead mechanical trigger fuse according to claim 1, wherein: a third through hole is formed in the positioning sleeve (52) from the center of the top end to the bottom, four second through holes with axes perpendicular to the axis of the fuse are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction on the upper side wall of the positioning sleeve, and the second through holes are used as fire transfer holes; the acupuncture delay fire cap (341) realizes self-destruction timing by applying a gunpowder delay principle; if the soft belt (4) is reliably thrown away after the shot flies out of the muzzle, the delay tube assembly (34) is released, under the condition that a ball rotor in the fuze is still at an initial assembly position due to unexpected non-rotation after the shot is shot, when the shot is scheduled to be used for touch attack, the delay tube assembly (34) moves towards the bottom direction of the fuze, so that the point characteristic of the second firing pin (343) enters a third through hole in a positioning sleeve (52), and the fuze enters a self-failure state; then, the delay tube assembly (34) is ignited to output gunpowder gas, the gas is transmitted into the ball rotor through fire transmission holes on two sides of the positioning sleeve (52), and then the gas is transmitted into a flame input end of a needling/flame bidirectional input detonator (54) in the isolating ball (53) in an inward direction to detonate the needling/flame bidirectional input detonator (54) at the isolating position, and the detonator further enters an insulating state; if the ball rotor in the fuze rotates but is not completely rotated accidentally after the shot is shot, when the shot is scheduled to be used for touch attack, the delay tube assembly (34) moves towards the bottom direction of the fuze, so that the striking point characteristic on the second striking pin (343) pierces the spherical surface of the isolation ball (53) to be damaged, the isolation ball (53) is prevented from rotating positively, the second striking pin (343) loses the function of firing and firing, and the fuze enters a self-failure state; at the moment, the delay tube assembly (34) is ignited to output gunpowder gas, the gas is transmitted into the ball rotor through the fire transmission holes on the two sides of the positioning sleeve (52), and like the action, the two-way input detonator (54) of the needle prick/flame is ignited, and the detonator enters a fire-proof or self-destruction state.
4. The safety large caliber explosive cartridge warhead mechanical trigger fuse according to claim 1, wherein: the positioning sleeve (52) limits the detonator sleeve (55), namely the lower end part of the positioning sleeve (52) extends into a limiting hole of the detonator sleeve (55) to prevent the detonator sleeve (55) from moving transversely, and the booster (71) has no axial limit; if the soft belt (4) cannot be thrown reliably after the shot flies out of the bore, namely the delay tube assembly (34) cannot be released accidentally, and the ball rotor is relieved of insurance, when the shot hits a target, the booster tube (71) is pushed to push the detonator sleeve (55) by the forward-impact overload, the detonator sleeve (55) is also sheared by the forward-impact overload, so that the needling/flame bidirectional input detonator (54) in the detonator sleeve (55) impacts the second firing pin (343), and the detonator realizes inertial triggering; the booster (71) and the detonator sleeve (55) are rushed forward, so that the booster distance of the needling/flame bidirectional input detonator (54) to the booster (71) is shortened, and the contradiction between fuze explosion suppression and booster is favorably solved.
5. The safety large caliber explosive cartridge warhead mechanical trigger fuse according to claim 1, wherein: a cavity is reserved between the top of the impact type triggering and self-destroying mechanism (3) and the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the shell (1) so as to improve the delay precision of the acupuncture delay fire cap.
6. The safety large caliber explosive cartridge warhead mechanical trigger fuse according to claim 5, wherein: the impact type triggering and self-destroying mechanism (3) further comprises a support (31), the top of the support (31) is in a truncated cone shape, part of the support extends into the cavity, the bottom of the support is arranged in a ninth-order hole of the triggering body (342), the support is located on the top surface of the first striking pin (33), when the fuse is landed at a small landing angle or a large landing angle, the head of the shell (1) can still push the impact type triggering mechanism (3) to move axially, and therefore the reliability of the firing action on the small landing angle and the large landing angle of a target is improved.
7. The safety large caliber explosive cartridge warhead mechanical trigger fuse according to claim 1, wherein: the outer surface of the top of the shell (1) is provided with a prefabricated breaking point so as to improve the triggering sensitivity of the fuse, and the integral ring (2) is arranged at the breaking point of the shell (1) so that the surface of the fuse is smooth and the air resistance is reduced when the projectile flies.
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| CN113916071A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-01-11 | 南京理工大学 | Pressed artillery grenade small-mouth screw warhead mechanical trigger fuse capable of realizing redundant ignition |
| CN114111470A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-03-01 | 南京理工大学 | Mechanical trigger fuse for preventing bullet of large and medium caliber rotating cannonball from ballistic explosion |
| CN114370796A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-19 | 南京理工大学 | Small-caliber rotary bullet mechanical trigger fuse for safely processing explosives after misfire |
| CN114681840A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-07-01 | 贵州航天风华精密设备有限公司 | Airborne fire extinguishing bomb |
| CN115355776A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-11-18 | 南京理工大学 | High-reliability multi-direction triggering comprehensive ignition mechanism for small-caliber cannonball warhead fuse |
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| CN115355776A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-11-18 | 南京理工大学 | High-reliability multi-direction triggering comprehensive ignition mechanism for small-caliber cannonball warhead fuse |
| CN115355776B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2023-08-08 | 南京理工大学 | High-reliability small-caliber shell warhead fuze multidirectional triggering comprehensive ignition mechanism |
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