CN113376067B - Portable automatic multi-level open channel sediment measuring device and method - Google Patents
Portable automatic multi-level open channel sediment measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a portable multi-layer open channel sediment automatic measuring device which comprises a pressure sensor, a differential pressure sensor, a U-shaped main flow measuring plate, a horizontal cross rod part, a fixed supporting part and a U-shaped flow channel, wherein the pressure sensor and the differential pressure sensor are jointly connected with an AD converter through a lead, the AD converter is electrically connected with an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) through a lead, the MCU controller is connected with a cloud server in a wireless connection mode, and the cloud server is connected with a user terminal or a platform display end in a wireless connection mode. The portable automatic measuring device for the sediment of the multi-layer open channel solves the problems of poor timeliness and low accuracy in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sediment detection, relates to a portable multi-level open channel sediment automatic measuring device, and further relates to a method for measuring sediment by adopting the portable multi-level open channel sediment automatic measuring device.
Background
The water and sand integration is a key work of water resource research at present and is also a critical project, the sediment problem of reservoirs and rivers not only influences the safe operation of reservoir areas, but also stresses the safety and health of a river channel system, the social and economic development along the bank is influenced, and the river sediment inspection is the premise of scientific sand control.
Silt detection is an important component of hydrological experiments. At present, with the development of science and technology, a silt detection method and a detection instrument are further developed, a traditional flow measurement method generally adopts a measurement device manufactured by the operation steps of sampling, standing, centrifugal pump, drying, weighing and the like, on one hand, the function operations need to be completed, a complex mechanical structure needs to be established, the volume of the device is heavy, the installation, the disassembly and the cleaning are relatively time-consuming and labor-consuming, the operation is complex, and the timeliness is relatively poor; on the other hand, the data of the sampling points can not replace the sand content of the whole section or area, the large-scale device can influence the streamline rule of the integration of water and sand of the channel in the channel, the sand content of the actual positions of the sampling points is damaged, and the like, so that the determination precision is reduced, and if the water and sand are stationary for a period of time, the sand content is calculated according to a drying and weighing method, the timeliness is poor and the precision is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a portable automatic measuring device for sediment in a multi-level open channel, which solves the problems of poor timeliness and low accuracy in the prior art.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the portable multilayer open channel sediment automatic measuring device comprises a U-shaped main flow measuring plate, wherein fixed plates are fixedly connected with two U-shaped ends of the U-shaped main flow measuring plate, a pressure sensor is arranged at the center of the lowest end of the inner side wall of the U-shaped main flow measuring plate, a plurality of pressure sensors are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the inner side wall of the U-shaped main flow measuring plate, two U-shaped flow channels corresponding to the U-shaped main flow measuring plate in shape are arranged in the U-shaped main flow measuring plate, water inlet holes are respectively arranged on two sides of the pressure sensor at the lowest end of the inner side wall of the U-shaped main flow measuring plate, the two water inlet holes are respectively communicated with the lowest ends of the two U-shaped flow channels, two pressure difference sensors are respectively arranged on each fixed plate, probes of the four pressure difference sensors respectively extend into two ends of the two U-shaped flow channels, a horizontal cross rod part is arranged between the tops of the two ends of the U-shaped main flow measuring plate, and a supporting device is also arranged on each fixed plate, pressure sensor and differential pressure sensor are connected with the AD converter through the wire jointly, and the AD converter is connected with the MCU controller through the wire electricity, and the MCU controller is connected with high in the clouds server through wireless connection's mode, and the high in the clouds server is connected with user terminal or platform show end through wireless connection's mode.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
the supporting device comprises a supporting rod which penetrates through a fixing plate and is vertically arranged, a horizontal supporting plate is fixedly connected to one end, located below the fixing plate, of the supporting rod, and a nut is connected to one end, located above the fixing plate, of the supporting rod in a threaded connection mode.
Pressure sensors on two side walls of the U-shaped main flow measuring plate are arranged one by one at intervals of 10cm from the bottom of the open channel upwards.
A filter screen is arranged in the water inlet hole.
The second technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the portable multi-level open channel sediment automatic measuring method adopts the portable multi-level open channel sediment automatic measuring device, and the specific process is as follows:
lay U type owner survey flow plate on the channel and hug closely channel side wall, the backup pad supports subaerially in channel both sides, adjusting nut makes the bubble in the spirit level on the horizontal pole part placed in the middle, then give whole device switch on, pressure sensor and pressure differential sensor detect data transmit for the MCU controller behind the AD converter, the MCU controller will measure gained data transmission and give high in the clouds server, the high in the clouds server with data transmission look over for user terminal user or the show that the platform show end carries out measured data.
Assuming that the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor at the lowest end center position of the inner side wall of the U-shaped main flow measuring plate is F, the detection values of the two pressure sensors symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the inner side wall of the U-shaped main flow measuring plate are respectively Fn-1、Fn-2When two pressure sensor that U type owner survey flow sheet inside wall bilateral symmetry set up apart from the canal bottom 10cm, n =1, apart from the canal bottom every increase 10cm when, n adds 1, and the pressure value that the differential pressure sensor at a U type runner both ends measured averages and obtains the pressure value: f. of1-1And the pressure value obtained by averaging the pressure values measured by the pressure difference sensors at the two ends of the other U-shaped flow channel is as follows: f. of1-2；
Pressure value F, Fn-1、Fn-2、f1-1、f1-2Obtaining the corresponding water level value H after the conversion of the AD converter0、Hn-1、Hn-2、h1-1、h1-2In which H is0The vertical distance from the bottom of the channel to the water surface, Hn-1、Hn-2Is the vertical distance of the corresponding measuring point from the water surface, h1-1、h1-2Is water passing through the cross sectionA bit value;
the sand content of unit area of different layers is calculated according to the following formula:
channel bottom H0：
Hn0cm：
Wherein,
is the sand content of the bottom of the canal per unit area, Hn0cmIs a distance n0cm from the bottom of the trench,
is the sand content per unit area at a distance of n0cm from the bottom of the trench.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the portable automatic measuring device for the sediment of the multi-level open channel measures the unit area weight of the mixed liquid through the pressure sensors on different levels, further uses the two U-shaped runners as the U-shaped communicating vessels, obtains the content of a single water body through the pressure difference sensors at the ports of the U-shaped communicating vessels, and can obtain the sediment content of a real-time section through the established mathematical calculation formulas for the water and the sediment on different levels.
The device has simple structure, is portable and easy to install, can measure by placing the flow measuring device above a channel and then leveling and fixing the flow measuring device during working, and has the timeliness and the measuring precision far higher than that of the prior related silt equipment.
The device realizes automatic monitoring through the pressure sensor and the differential pressure sensor, has simple structure, low power consumption, convenient carrying and low installation cost, can realize wireless transmission of data, can be widely applied to the sediment determination work of different open channel sections, and further lays a foundation for the subsequent image research of water and sand content on an irrigation area.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a portable automatic sediment measuring device for a multi-level open channel of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit connection diagram of the portable multi-level automatic open channel sediment measuring device of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a U-shaped flow channel in the portable automatic sediment measuring device for a multi-level open channel of the invention.
In the figure, 1, a U-shaped main flow measuring plate and 2, a pressure sensor; 3. the system comprises a supporting device, 4 parts of a horizontal cross rod, 5 parts of a differential pressure sensor, 6 parts of an MCU (microprogrammed control Unit), 7 parts of a fixing plate, 8 parts of a cloud server, 9 parts of a user terminal, 10 parts of an AD (analog-to-digital) converter, 11 parts of a U-shaped flow channel, 12 parts of a water inlet hole, 13 parts of a platform display end and 14 parts of a filter screen;
3-1, a support rod, 3-2, a support plate and 3-3, an adjusting nut.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a portable multilayer open channel sediment automatic measuring device, which has a structure shown in figure 1-3 and comprises a U-shaped main flow measuring plate 1 matched with a channel U shape, wherein two U-shaped ends of the U-shaped main flow measuring plate 1 are fixedly connected with fixing plates 7, a pressure sensor 2 is arranged at the center of the lowest end of the inner side wall of the U-shaped main flow measuring plate 1, a plurality of pressure sensors 2 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the inner side wall of the U-shaped main flow measuring plate 1, two U-shaped flow channels 11 corresponding to the U-shaped main flow measuring plate 1 in shape are arranged in the U-shaped main flow measuring plate 1, water inlet holes 12 are arranged at two sides of the pressure sensor 2 at the lowest end of the inner side wall of the U-shaped main flow measuring plate 1, the two water inlet holes 12 are respectively communicated with the lowest ends of the two U-shaped flow channels 11, two pressure difference sensors 5 are arranged on each fixing plate 7, probes of the four pressure difference sensors 5 respectively extend into two ends of the two U-shaped flow channels 11, be provided with horizontal pole part 4 between the U type owner examines and flows 1 both ends top of board, still set up strutting arrangement 3 on the fixed plate 7, pressure sensor 2 and differential pressure sensor 5 are connected with AD converter 10 through the wire jointly, AD converter 10 is connected with MCU controller 6 through the wire electricity, MCU controller 6 is connected with high in the clouds server 8 through wireless connection's mode, high in the clouds server 8 is connected with user terminal 9 or platform show end 13 through wireless connection's mode.
The supporting device 3 comprises a supporting rod 3-1 which penetrates through the fixing plate 7 and is vertically arranged, a horizontal supporting plate 3-2 is fixedly connected to one end, located below the fixing plate 7, of the supporting rod 3-1, and a nut 3-3 is connected to one end, located above the fixing plate 7, of the supporting rod 3-1 in a threaded connection mode.
The pressure sensors 2 on the two side walls of the U-shaped main flow measuring plate 1 are arranged one by one at intervals of 10cm from the bottom of the open channel upwards.
A filter screen 14 is arranged in the water inlet hole 12.
The invention relates to a portable multi-level open channel sediment automatic measuring method, which adopts the portable multi-level open channel sediment automatic measuring device and comprises the following specific processes:
lay U type owner survey flow board 1 on the channel and hug closely the channel boundary wall, backup pad 3-2 supports subaerially in the channel both sides, adjusting nut 3-3 makes the bubble in the spirit level on horizontal pole part 4 central, then for whole device switch on, the data that pressure sensor 2 and differential pressure sensor 5 detected pass through AD converter 10 after transmit for MCU controller 6, MCU controller 6 transmits the gained data of measurement for high in the clouds server 8, high in the clouds server 8 transmits data transmission for user terminal 9 user and looks over or platform show end 13 carries out the show of measured data.
Assuming that the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 2 at the central position of the lowest end of the inner side wall of the U-shaped main flow measuring plate 1 is F, the detection values of the two pressure sensors symmetrically arranged at the two sides of the inner side wall of the U-shaped main flow measuring plate 1 are respectively Fn-1、Fn-2When two pressure sensor that 1 inside wall bilateral symmetry of U type main flow measuring plate set up apart from the canal bottom 10cm, n =1, apart from the canal bottom every increase 10cm when, n adds 1, and the pressure value that 5 pressure sensor 5 at 11 both ends of a U type runner measured averages and obtains the pressure value: f. of1-1The pressure values measured by the differential pressure sensors 5 at the two ends of the other U-shaped flow channel 11 are averaged to obtain the pressure value as follows: f. of1-2；
Pressure value F, Fn-1、Fn-2、f1-1、f1-2The water level value H is obtained after being converted by the AD converter 100、Hn-1、Hn-2、h1-1、h1-2In which H is0The vertical distance from the bottom of the channel to the water surface, Hn-1、Hn-2Is the vertical distance of the corresponding measuring point from the water surface, h1-1、h1-2The water level value of the water passing section is obtained;
the sand content of unit area of different layers is calculated according to the following formula:
channel bottom H0：
Hn0cm：
Wherein,
is the sand content of the bottom of the canal per unit area, Hn0cmIs a distance n0cm from the bottom of the trench,
is the sand content per unit area at a distance of n0cm from the bottom of the trench.
The U-shaped main flow measuring plate 1 is made of stainless steel and can be customized according to a U-shaped standard channel.
The present embodiment sets pressure values F, F of 17 pressure sensors 2 and 17 pressure sensors1-1、F1-2、F2-1、F2-2、F3-1、F3-2、F4-1、F4-2、F5-1、F5-2、F6-1、F6-2、F7-1、F7-2、F8-1、F8-2The pressure values on the sides of the four differential pressure sensors 5 are: f. of1-1、f1-2、f2-1、f2-2(ii) a Obtaining a corresponding water level value after passing through the AD converter, specifically:
f corresponds to water level value H0；F1-1、F1-2Corresponding water level value H1-1、H1-2；
F3-1、F3-2Corresponding water level value H3-1、H3-2；F4-1、F4-2Corresponding water level value H4-1、H4-2；
F5-1、F5-2Corresponding water level value H5-1、H5-2；F6-1、F6-2Corresponding water level value H6-1、H6-2；
F7-1、F7-2Corresponding water level value H7-1、H7-2；F8-1、F8-2Corresponding water level value H8-1、H8-2；
f1-1、f1-2Corresponding water level value h1-1、h1-2；
Sand content per unit area of different layers:
wherein, the channel bottom pressure sensor corresponds to a pressure value F which corresponds to a pressure value H0Namely the vertical distance from the bottom of the channel to the water surface;
the pressure sensor at the position 10cm away from the bottom of the channel corresponds to F1-1、F1-2Which corresponds to a water level value H1-1、H1-2The vertical distance between the measuring point and the water surface is obtained;
the pressure sensor 20cm away from the bottom of the channel corresponds to F2-1、F2-2 Which corresponds to a water level value H2-1、H2-2The vertical distance between the measuring point and the water surface is obtained;
the pressure sensor 30cm away from the bottom of the channel corresponds to F3-1、F3-2Which corresponds to a water level value H3-1、H3-2The vertical distance between the measuring point and the water surface is obtained;
f corresponding to the pressure sensor 40cm away from the bottom of the channel4-1、F4-2Which corresponds to a water level value H4-1、H4-2The vertical distance between the measuring point and the water surface is obtained;
the pressure sensor at the position 50cm away from the bottom of the channel corresponds to F5-1、F5-2Which corresponds to a water level value H5-1、H5-2Is thatThe vertical distance between the measuring point and the water surface;
the pressure sensor 60cm away from the bottom of the channel corresponds to F6-1、F6-2Which corresponds to a water level value H6-1、H6-2The vertical distance between the measuring point and the water surface is obtained;
the pressure sensor at the position 70cm away from the bottom of the channel corresponds to F7-1、F7-2Which corresponds to a water level value H7-1、H7-2The vertical distance between the measuring point and the water surface is obtained;
the pressure sensor at a position 80cm away from the bottom of the channel corresponds to F8-1、F8-2Which corresponds to a water level value H8-1、H8-2The vertical distance between the measuring point and the water surface is obtained;
two water inlets (with filter screen) are arranged at two sides of the canal bottom pressure sensor, and the pressure difference sensor f passes through the tail end of the internal U-shaped channel1-1、f1-2Corresponding water level value h1-1、h1-2I.e. the myopia is the water level of the water passing section.
At present, channel section silt measuring devices at home and abroad are various in types, a new device for measuring a single pair of U-shaped sections (branch channels and bucket channels) is not provided, and most of the channel section silt measuring devices are limited in application range and difficult to popularize and use in a large range due to complex structures, low measuring precision, inconvenience in operation, limitations of use environments and the like. The portable automatic multilayer open channel sediment measuring device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, lower cost and high measuring precision, can overcome the defects of the traditional measuring method to a certain extent, and can realize real-time measurement and dynamic monitoring of multilayer sediment, thereby having wide application prospect.
Claims (6)
1. A portable automatic sediment measuring device for a multi-layer open channel is characterized by comprising a U-shaped main flow measuring plate (1), wherein fixing plates (7) are fixedly connected with two ends of the U-shaped main flow measuring plate (1), a pressure sensor (2) is arranged at the central position of the lowest end of the inner side wall of the U-shaped main flow measuring plate (1), a plurality of pressure sensors (2) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the inner side wall of the U-shaped main flow measuring plate (1), two U-shaped flow channels (11) corresponding to the U-shaped main flow measuring plate (1) in shape are arranged in the U-shaped main flow measuring plate (1), water inlet holes (12) are formed in two sides of the pressure sensor (2) at the lowest end of the inner side wall of the U-shaped main flow measuring plate (1), the two water inlet holes (12) are respectively communicated with the lowest ends of the two U-shaped flow channels (11), and two differential pressure sensors (5) are arranged on each fixing plate (7), four the probe of differential pressure sensor (5) stretches into two respectively the both ends of U type runner (11), the U type is mainly surveyed and is provided with horizontal pole part (4) between flowing board (1) both ends top, still set up strutting arrangement (3) on fixed plate (7), pressure sensor (2) and differential pressure sensor (5) are connected with AD converter (10) jointly through the wire, AD converter (10) are connected with MCU controller (6) through the wire electricity, MCU controller (6) are connected with high in the clouds server (8) through wireless connection's mode, high in the clouds server (8) are connected with user terminal (9) or platform show end (13) through wireless connection's mode.
2. The portable automatic sediment measuring device for the multi-level open channel according to claim 1, wherein the supporting device (3) comprises a supporting rod (3-1) which penetrates through the fixing plate (7) and is vertically arranged, a horizontal supporting plate (3-2) is fixedly connected to one end of the supporting rod (3-1) which is located below the fixing plate (7), and a nut (3-3) is connected to one end of the supporting rod (3-1) which is located above the fixing plate (7) in a threaded connection mode.
3. The portable automatic sediment measuring device for the multi-deck open channel according to claim 2, wherein the pressure sensors (2) on the two side walls of the U-shaped main flow measuring plate (1) are arranged every 10cm from the bottom of the open channel upwards.
4. The portable automatic sediment measuring device for the multi-layer open channel according to claim 3, wherein a filter screen (14) is arranged in the water inlet hole (12).
5. The portable automatic sediment measuring method for the multi-level open channel is characterized in that the portable automatic sediment measuring device for the multi-level open channel, which is disclosed by claim 4, is adopted, and the specific process is as follows:
lay U type owner and survey and flow board (1) on the channel and hug closely channel side wall, backup pad (3-2) support at channel both sides subaerially, adjusting nut (3-3) make the bubble in the spirit level on horizontal pole part (4) placed in the middle, then give whole device switch on, the data that pressure sensor (2) and differential pressure sensor (5) detected transmit MCU controller (6) for behind AD converter (10), MCU controller (6) will measure gained data transfer and give high in the clouds server (8), high in the clouds server (8) with data transmission for user terminal (9) user look over or platform show end (13) carry out the show of measured data.
6. The portable automatic sediment measurement method for the multi-level open channel according to claim 5, wherein assuming that the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor (2) at the central position of the lowest end of the inner side wall of the U-shaped main flow measurement plate (1) is F, the detection values of the two pressure sensors symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inner side wall of the U-shaped main flow measurement plate (1) are respectively Fn-1、Fn-2When two pressure sensors that U type owner surveyed and flow board (1) inside wall bilateral symmetry and set up apart from the canal bottom 10cm, n =1, when every increase 10cm apart from the canal bottom, n adds 1, and pressure value that pressure sensor (5) at a U type runner (11) both ends measured gets the average and obtains the pressure value: f. of1-1The pressure value obtained by averaging the pressure values measured by the pressure difference sensors (5) at the two ends of the other U-shaped flow channel (11) is as follows: f. of1-2；
Pressure value F, Fn-1、Fn-2、f1-1、f1-2The water level value H is obtained after the conversion of the AD converter (10)0、Hn-1、Hn-2、h1-1、h1-2In which H is0The vertical distance from the bottom of the channel to the water surface, Hn-1、Hn-2Is the vertical distance of the corresponding measuring point from the water surface, h1-1、h1-2Is passed through waterWater level value of the cross section;
the sand content of unit area of different layers is calculated according to the following formula:
channel bottom H0：
Hn0cm：
Wherein,
is the sand content of the bottom of the canal per unit area, Hn0cmIs a distance n0cm from the bottom of the trench,
is the sand content per unit area at a distance of n0cm from the bottom of the trench.
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| CN114543907B (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-09-16 | 珠江水利委员会珠江流域水土保持监测中心站 | Portable flow measuring device and method for multi-layer open channel based on water-jet principle |
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| CN202126434U (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2012-01-25 | 吉林省水土保持科学研究院 | Measuring device for slit content in muddy water |
| US8776592B2 (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2014-07-15 | Yi-Jiun Liao | Automatic hydrologic parameter measuring system for river flow and the method using the same |
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