CN203720052U - Multi-station turbidimeter calibration system for measuring hydrology and suspended sediments - Google Patents
Multi-station turbidimeter calibration system for measuring hydrology and suspended sediments Download PDFInfo
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- CN203720052U CN203720052U CN201420101015.2U CN201420101015U CN203720052U CN 203720052 U CN203720052 U CN 203720052U CN 201420101015 U CN201420101015 U CN 201420101015U CN 203720052 U CN203720052 U CN 203720052U
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- turbidimeter
- calibration system
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a multi-station turbidimeter calibration system for measuring hydrology and suspended sediments. The multi-station turbidimeter calibration system comprises a magnetic stirrer, a sediment suspension calibration barrel and a shear cover plate which are arranged from bottom to top, wherein the inner wall of the sediment suspension calibration barrel is provided with a water circulating device. The multi-station turbidimeter calibration system for measuring hydrology and suspended sediments, disclosed by the utility model, can be used for simultaneously calibrating by using 4 turbidimeters on a plurality of stations at one step, so that the stability of calibration data is greatly improved; in addition, the multi-station turbidimeter calibration system is good in repeatability; moreover, the water circulating device is adopted to simulate water flow, so that a calibrated water sample not only can vertically exchange, but also can keep in a turbulent fluctuation state, and furthermore, the data accuracy is increased.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to hydrologic observation technical field, the calibration system of the turbidimeter specifically using in a kind of hydrologic and silt observation.
Background technology
Conventional hydrologic observation method generally adopts " 6 methods " water intaking, and the method for in office analysis is measured silt content.This kind of method complex operation, data analysis acquisition time is longer; Secondly,, because the dry point in vertical line disperses, full depth of water silt content is calculated inaccurate.Therefore, in hydrologic observation both at home and abroad, the mensuration of silt content generally completes by optics turbidimeter now.
Optics turbidimeter in modern hydrologic observation is projection principle or the scattering principle that uses light, the method depends primarily on the interaction of light and the grains of sand, in the time that light passes through outstanding husky water body, solvent will absorb luminous energy, the quantity absorbing is relevant with absorbing medium and water width of river, and sand grain will carry out scattering to light simultaneously.When the incident ray sending when light source projects detected water sample, the part light penetration water sample through projection light wave detector that moves on, determine transmission light intensity from this wave detector, compare with the incident intensity of light source, can detect the turbidity of water sample, the turbidimeter producing according to this principle is exactly transmitted light turbidimeter (Turbidimeter).In addition, when the incident ray sending when light source projects detected water sample, except the through transmitted light wave detector of aforesaid a part of light penetration water sample, some incident light can arrive scattered light wave detector from the vertical direction of projection light, can determine scattered light intensity from this wave detector, compare with the incident intensity of light source, can detect the turbidity of detected water sample, the turbidimeter producing according to this principle is exactly scattered light turbidimeter (Nephelometer).The scattered light turbidimeters that use in hydrologic observation more.
But turbidity was exactly the alternate parameter of aerosol concentration originally, in hydrologic observation, final care is water body sediment concentration, therefore needs NTU value and sediment concentration that turbidimeter is measured to carry out calibration.After incident light enters a certain water body and is absorbed, see through light intensity definite by lambert-baer's law with the relation between incident light intensity:
I=I
0(-α
0expcl) (1)
In formula (1), I is transmitted intensity; I
0for incident intensity; α
0extinction coefficient, relevant with the character of position; C is the mass concentration of material in solution; L is light source and receiver spacing.From above formula, the concentration of accepting light intensity and medium has just had a definite funtcional relationship.Lambert-baer's law obtains in the ideal situation, actual conditions are more complicated, as covered mutually between particle, CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION is inhomogeneous, sand particle size and shape are not equal, so the outstanding husky water sample of zones of different, same its measured NTU of turbidimeter is different from outstanding husky concentration relationship curve, all needs to carry out respectively calibration.
Tradition turbidimeter rating method can be divided into be determined NTU mensuration concentration method and determines concentration determination NTU method.Determining NTU mensuration concentration method detailed process is: turbidity meter probe is put into and demarcated bucket, add selected silt sample to stir, to NTU particular value, by turbidimeter taking-up, after stirring, take out 500ml water sample by sampler; Increase progressively successively NTU to particular value sampling, the 500ml water sample of getting the most at last is dried and is weighed, and calculates silt content, carries out linear dependence obtain calibration curve with turbidity value.This kind of every sub-sampling of method turbidimeter need take out demarcates bucket, waste time and energy, it is comparatively loaded down with trivial details that multiple turbidimeters are demarcated rotation simultaneously, and when the stirring before sampling can not ensure to measure with turbidimeter, solution uniformity coefficient is consistent, and can not eliminate the impact of disturbance bubble on turbidimeter.Determining concentration determination NTU method detailed process is: will get selected silt and dry and be ground into fine powder, and take extra fine quality, and add to be placed in quantitative clear water and demarcate bucket and stir, and calculate solution concentration, and turbidimeter is placed in to solution simultaneously and measure NTU value; Increase progressively successively grains of sand quality to particular value and stir and record turbidimeter NTU value, the solution concentration of calculating the most at last and the turbidimeter NTU value of mensuration are carried out linear dependence and are obtained calibration curve.This kind of method do not need to process water sample, and process is relatively simple, but because the sand grain that can not ensure to put into can be uniformly distributed, and can not eliminate the impact of disturbance bubble on turbidimeter, and therefore calibration curve degree of distortion is larger, and the result consistance of repeatedly demarcating is poor.
Utility model content
Technical matters to be solved of the present utility model is for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of accurate, stable, repeatable high calibration system of turbidimeter nominal data that ensures is provided, can effectively obtain the calibration result of different turbidimeters at the outstanding husky environment of different-grain diameter, and it is better repeatedly to repeat experimental result consistance.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that for the outstanding husky multimachine position turbidimeter calibration system of measuring of the hydrology, it is characterized in that, comprise the magnetic stirring apparatus, silt suspension demarcation bucket, water circle device and the shearing cover plate that from bottom to top arrange, wherein, water circle device is arranged on the inwall of silt suspension demarcation bucket.
In an optimal technical scheme of the present utility model, described silt suspends and demarcates bucket is right cylinder, is uniformly distributed at least 3 cylindric turbidimeter slots in described silt suspension demarcation bucket right cylinder outside, and each turbidimeter slot points to a barrel interior side and leaves gap, arrowband.
In an optimal technical scheme of the present utility model, turbidimeter slot lower end is the design of centrum shape, is tilted to down and is recovered to a barrel wall, with the other water delivering orifice that is provided with of each slot of slot lower end height same position.
In an optimal technical scheme of the present utility model, described silt suspension is demarcated bucket right cylinder outside and is uniformly distributed 4 cylindric turbidimeter slots.
In an optimal technical scheme of the present utility model, water circle device comprises upper and lower two-layer parallel annular conduit, is respectively equipped with a plurality of equally distributed water nozzles on described upper and lower annular conduit; Between upper and lower annular conduit, connect by communicating pipe, and be provided with force (forcing) pump on communicating pipe.
In an optimal technical scheme of the present utility model, the water nozzle arranging on described upper and lower annular conduit tilts towards certain orientation, as tilted clockwise or counterclockwise.
In an optimal technical scheme of the present utility model, described shearing cover plate is can be around the cover plate of its center of circle rotation by Electric Machine Control, and this cover plate is provided with some holes.
In an optimal technical scheme of the present utility model, the spacing that bucket is demarcated in described shearing cover plate and silt suspension can regulate.
In an optimal technical scheme of the present utility model, the diameter of this cover plate is identical with the diameter of silt suspension demarcation bucket.
In an optimal technical scheme of the present utility model, this cover plate is uniformly distributed some holes by the center of circle to periphery radiation.
Of the present utility model for for the advantage of the outstanding husky multimachine position turbidimeter calibration system of measuring of the hydrology being:
(1) adopt evagination formula instrument slot, leave arrowband formula design with water body surface of contact, both can facilitate the installation of instrument, the highly different turbidimeter of satisfied probe uses simultaneously, and the integral-rotation that the design of evagination formula does not affect water body flows; Nearly 4 turbidimeters can be measured a multimachine position simultaneously, have improved work efficiency.
(2) adopt water circle device, four forcing pumps pressurize simultaneously, make nozzle pressure even, levels nozzle all adopts with tangent line 75 spends overturning angle design, effectively drive water body rotation, keep turbulent fluctuation, water circulation system makes to demarcate water sample and not only exchanges up and down but also keep turbulent fluctuation, has increased accuracy and the reliability of data.
(3) adopt contactless intake design, gather water sample consistent with turbidimeter measurement water body, and contactless design has no effect to water body itself.
(4) adopt porous type shearing cover plate, not only can drive upper strata current reverse rotation, increase water body turbulent fluctuation, can also rotate existing whirlpool by anti-water-stop body, and then affect that water is husky evenly to be mixed, and porous type design can conveniently hang husky sample interpolation, makes sample evenly diffuse into water body.Shearing cover plate can be with the random lifting of the degree of depth of demarcating water body, handled easily under connecting rod drives.
(5) base adopts roller type design, facilitates this cover calibration system to move.
(6) this cover calibration system calibration result is stable, and experimental result is reproducible.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 a is the utility model calibration system schematic diagram; Fig. 1 b is the utility model calibration system perspective view.
Fig. 2 a is shearing covering plate structure schematic diagram; Fig. 2 b shearing covering plate structure three-dimensional structure diagram, Fig. 2 c is covering plate structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 a is that barrel structure schematic diagram is demarcated in silt suspension, and Fig. 3 b side silt suspends and demarcates a bucket vertical view, and Fig. 3 c is turbidimeter inserting slot construction schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 a is water circle device side structure schematic diagram; Fig. 4 b is water circle device perspective view, and Fig. 4 c is water circle device vertical view.
Fig. 5 a is magnetic stirring apparatus side structure schematic diagram; Fig. 5 b is magnetic stirring apparatus stereographic map.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further described:
The turbidimeter calibration system for the outstanding husky mensuration of the hydrology as described in Fig. 1 a, 1b, 1c, comprise the magnetic stirring apparatus 4, silt suspension demarcation bucket 2 and the shearing cover plate 1 that from bottom to top arrange, suspend to demarcate in bucket 2 at described silt and have water circle device 3, magnetic stirring apparatus 4 is placed on the base 1-5 of Mobile base 5, and shearing cover plate 1 is fixed on the side support 1-1 of Mobile base 5.
Magnetic stirring apparatus 4 is positioned at calibration system bottom, and as shown in Fig. 5 a and 5b, wherein 4-1 is that oar is revolved in disturbance, and 4-2 is magnetic stirring apparatus fuselage, and 4-3 is power supply, rotating speed control handle; It is that cast iron is made that oar 4-1 is revolved in disturbance, and two ends are tapered, long 15cm, and middle maximum gauge 3cm, in the time of the state of use, disturbance is revolved oar and should be placed in silt suspension demarcation bucket 2.Magnetic stirring apparatus 4 power 40w, turn to as clockwise rotating speed starting~1450rpm (stepless time adjustment).
Silt suspension is demarcated bucket 2 and is placed in directly over magnetic stirring apparatus 4, referring to Fig. 3 a, 3b, 3c.Silt suspension is demarcated bucket 2 and is right cylinder, outside silt suspension demarcation bucket 2 right cylinders, 2-3 is uniformly distributed four cylindric turbidimeter slot 2-1, slot 2-1 points to a side in bucket and leaves 3cm arrowband gap 2-1-1, and turbidity meter probe can effectively be contacted with demarcation sample.When calibration experiment starts, turbidity meter probe position is positioned at slot lower end 2-1-2, and slot bottom 2-1 is centrum shape 2-1-3 design: be tilted to down and be recovered to a barrel wall, prevent that outstanding sand is enriched in side space under turbidimeter, affects water body uniformity coefficient; The other water delivering orifice 2-2 that is provided with of the each slot 2-1 highly identical with slot lower end 2-1-2, silt suspension of the present utility model is demarcated bucket 2 and can accurately be collected the measured sample of turbidimeter, increases substantially experimental precision.The silt of the utility model preferred embodiment suspends and demarcates bucket 2 is steel, high 70cm, inner ring diameter 50cm, slot 2-1 internal diameter 10cm.
Water circle device 3 is the netted inwall that is positioned at silt suspension demarcation bucket 2, referring to Fig. 4 a, 4b, 4c, water circle device 3 comprises upper and lower two-layer parallel annular conduit 3-1,3-3, between upper and lower annular conduit, connect by communicating pipe 3-4, and on communicating pipe 3-4, be provided with force (forcing) pump 3-2 pressurization, by communicating pipe 3-4 by husky the higher concentration water of the annular conduit 3-3 of lower floor pump the upper strata annular conduit 3-1 to eminence.Altogether, for example 24 water nozzle 3-5, tilt the annular conduit 3-3 of lower floor clockwise, spend with bucket wall tangent line angle 75; The annular conduit 3-1 of lower floor is totally 24 water nozzles, tilts clockwise, spends with bucket wall tangent line angle 75.Because the water body of needs circulation is likely high concentration, therefore tap diameter is 8mm; Water circle device 3 uses gummed PVC material.After water circle device 3 work, the water nozzle 3-5 water inlet of lower floor's annular conduit, drives lower floor's water body to turn clockwise, and the water nozzle 3-5 water outlet of upper strata annular conduit drives upper strata water body to be rotated counterclockwise, and makes to demarcate not only exchange but also keep turbulent fluctuation up and down of water sample.
Shearing cover plate 1 is to control the cover plate 1-4 that can rotate around its center of circle by motor 1-3, and the diameter of this cover plate 1-4 is identical with the diameter of silt suspension demarcation bucket 2, and is uniformly distributed some holes by the center of circle to periphery radiation at this cover plate 1-4: referring to Fig. 2 a, 2b, 2c.Cover plate 1-4 can be under the drive of connecting rod 1-2, manual adjustments lifting, regulate shearing cover plate 1 and silt to suspend and demarcate the spacing of bucket 2, motor 1-3 can drive cover plate 1-4 suitable, be rotated counterclockwise, shearing cover plate 1 is fixed on side support 1-1 by connecting rod 1-2, and side support 1-1 is connected on the base 1-5 of roller 1-6.
The shearing cover plate of a preferred embodiment of the present utility model is that high strength acrylic is built transparent panel and is positioned at silt and suspends and demarcate bucket top, cover plate 1-4You center gives off six circle 3cm diameter holes towards periphery, by center laterally pore quantity be respectively 5, 22, 32, 39, 50, 59, when shearing cover plate 1 is worked, manual adjustments drops to the water surface and is no less than below 5cm, revolving oar 4-1 reverse direction with magnetic stirring apparatus 4 disturbances rotates, both can increase water body turbulent fluctuation, prevent that revolving oar because of disturbance rotates the upper strata whirlpool appearance causing simultaneously, the outstanding husky skewness phenomenon of water body of then having prevented whirlpool to cause occurs.
The scaling method of the outstanding husky turbidimeter calibration system of measuring of the hydrology, comprises following concrete steps:
(1) set up calibration system
Calibration system comprises: magnetic stirring apparatus 4 silts suspend and demarcate bucket 2, water circle device 3 and shearing cover plate 1, referring to Fig. 1 a, 1b, each device is installed and is prepared.
(2) calibration system debugging
I) regulate shearing cover plate 1 height according to the depth of water;
Ii) according to demarcating water sample concentration adjustment magnetic stirring apparatus 4 rotating speeds;
Iii) according to the height of magnetic stirring apparatus 4 rotational speed regulation shearing cover plates 1.
(3) calibration experiment process
Before calibration experiment starts, first turbidimeter is placed in to turbidimeter slot 2-1, connecting launch computer measures in real time, place clear water and flood water circle device 3 at least 10cm of upper strata water delivering orifice to demarcating in bucket, regulate shearing cover plate 1 height, cover plate 1-4 is immersed in the water and is no less than 5cm, the circulating device of fetching boiling water, start shearing cover plate, in bucket, place the husky concentrated sample of demarcation water, outstanding sand diffuses into water body by shearing cover plate 1 hole, the silt that silt is suspended in mensuration bucket 2 by magnetic stirring apparatus 4 rises outstanding, water circle device 3 and shearing cover plate 1 keep water body turbulent fluctuation, wait for 2min, after demarcation water body is stable, record the NTU value of turbidimeter, and beat and get 500ml water sample by water sample intake.Shearing cover plate 1, water circle device 3, magnetic stirring apparatus 4 continuous firings, successively increase the husky sample concentration of inner bucket water, and record turbidity value and beat water sampling.The 500ml water sample of getting the most at last is dried and is weighed, and calculates silt content, carries out linear dependence obtain calibration curve with turbidity value.
The above, be only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, can not limit the scope that the utility model is implemented with this, and all simple conversion of doing according to the utility model claim and description, all should still belong to the protection domain that the utility model covers.
Claims (10)
1. for the outstanding husky multimachine position turbidimeter calibration system of measuring of the hydrology, it is characterized in that, comprising from bottom to top that the magnetic stirring apparatus, the silt that arrange suspend demarcates bucket, water circle device and shearing cover plate, and wherein, water circle device is arranged on silt and suspends and demarcate the inwall of bucket.
2. according to the turbidimeter calibration system described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described silt suspends and demarcates bucket is right cylinder, is uniformly distributed at least 3 cylindric turbidimeter slots in described silt suspension demarcation bucket right cylinder outside, and each turbidimeter slot points to a barrel interior side and leaves gap, arrowband.
3. according to the turbidimeter calibration system described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, turbidimeter slot lower end is the design of centrum shape, is tilted to down and is recovered to a barrel wall, with the other water delivering orifice that is provided with of each slot of slot lower end height same position.
4. according to the turbidimeter calibration system described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described silt suspension is demarcated bucket right cylinder outside and is uniformly distributed 4 cylindric turbidimeter slots.
5. according to the turbidimeter calibration system described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, water circle device comprises upper and lower two-layer parallel annular conduit, is respectively equipped with a plurality of equally distributed water nozzles on described upper and lower annular conduit; Between upper and lower annular conduit, connect by communicating pipe, and be provided with force (forcing) pump on communicating pipe.
6. according to the turbidimeter calibration system described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the water nozzle arranging on described upper and lower annular conduit tilts towards certain orientation, as tilted clockwise or counterclockwise.
7. according to the turbidimeter calibration system described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described shearing cover plate is can be around the cover plate of its center of circle rotation by Electric Machine Control, and this cover plate is provided with some holes.
8. according to the turbidimeter calibration system described in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the spacing that bucket is demarcated in described shearing cover plate and silt suspension can regulate.
9. according to the turbidimeter calibration system described in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the diameter of this cover plate is identical with the diameter of silt suspension demarcation bucket.
10. according to the turbidimeter calibration system described in claim 7, it is characterized in that, this cover plate is uniformly distributed some holes by the center of circle to periphery radiation.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105300860A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-03 | 华东师范大学 | Large-size movable suspended matter section high-resolution measurement and slidable sampling device |
CN110987740A (en) * | 2019-12-22 | 2020-04-10 | 天津大学 | Experimental device and method for observing sediment sedimentation rate with simultaneously controllable temperature and turbulence |
CN113267496A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-17 | 东北农业大学 | Soil erosion and water loss monitoring instrument based on photoelectric principle |
CN115112536A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-09-27 | 长江水利委员会水文局长江下游水文水资源勘测局(长江水利委员会水文局长江下游水环境监测中心) | Rapid measurement method for suspended load sand content |
-
2014
- 2014-03-06 CN CN201420101015.2U patent/CN203720052U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105300860A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-03 | 华东师范大学 | Large-size movable suspended matter section high-resolution measurement and slidable sampling device |
CN110987740A (en) * | 2019-12-22 | 2020-04-10 | 天津大学 | Experimental device and method for observing sediment sedimentation rate with simultaneously controllable temperature and turbulence |
CN113267496A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-17 | 东北农业大学 | Soil erosion and water loss monitoring instrument based on photoelectric principle |
CN115112536A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-09-27 | 长江水利委员会水文局长江下游水文水资源勘测局(长江水利委员会水文局长江下游水环境监测中心) | Rapid measurement method for suspended load sand content |
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