CN113370777A - 车辆的混合式动力传动系 - Google Patents

车辆的混合式动力传动系 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113370777A
CN113370777A CN202010650517.0A CN202010650517A CN113370777A CN 113370777 A CN113370777 A CN 113370777A CN 202010650517 A CN202010650517 A CN 202010650517A CN 113370777 A CN113370777 A CN 113370777A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gear
input shaft
motor
output shaft
powertrain
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN202010650517.0A
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English (en)
Inventor
朴钟闰
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Corp
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Motors Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Hyundai Motor Co, Kia Motors Corp filed Critical Hyundai Motor Co
Publication of CN113370777A publication Critical patent/CN113370777A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/093—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
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    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及车辆的混合式动力传动系。混合式动力传动系可以包括：发动机输入轴、电机输入轴、中央同步器、第一输出轴、第二输出轴、可变驱动齿轮以及多个外齿轮对，所述发动机输入轴通过主离合器连接至发动机；所述电机输入轴与发动机输入轴同轴地安装并且接合至电机；所述中央同步器安装为中断发动机输入轴与电机输入轴之间的连接；所述第一输出轴和第二输出轴安装为平行于发动机输入轴；所述可变驱动齿轮设置于电机输入轴上，以维持或提高电机输入轴的旋转速度，然后将所维持的或提高后的旋转速度传递至第一输出轴；所述多个外齿轮对安装为在发动机输入轴与第一输出轴之间以及发动机输入轴与第二输出轴之间形成不同的变速器传动比。

Description

车辆的混合式动力传动系
技术领域
本发明涉及一种适用于车辆的混合式动力传动系的布局。
背景技术
就生产成本、材料成本和燃料效率而言，自动手动变速器(automated manualtransmission，AMT)通常被认为是自动变速器中最具竞争力的变速器，但是由于在换挡期间出现扭矩中断而降低了车辆的适销性，因此未被广泛采用。
公开于本背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在加强对本发明的总体背景的理解，而不应当视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的各个方面旨在提供这样一种混合式动力传动系：其在强化了AMT的优势的同时可以通过利用电机消除扭矩中断(扭矩中断是自动手动变速器(AMT)的缺点)来改善换挡感觉，并且可以去掉传统的混合式动力传动系(其中电机位于发动机与变速器之间)所需的电机与发动机之间的离合器，从而由于变速器的总长度的减小来提高车辆中变速器的安装便利性，减少变速器的重量和生产成本，并且有助于提高车辆的燃料效率。
根据本发明的各个方面，上述和其他目的可以通过提供车辆的混合式动力传动系来实现，其包括：发动机输入轴、电机输入轴、中央同步器、第一输出轴、第二输出轴、可变驱动齿轮以及多个外齿轮对，所述发动机输入轴通过主离合器连接至发动机；所述电机输入轴安装为与发动机输入轴同轴并且接合至电机；所述中央同步器安装为中断发动机输入轴与电机输入轴之间的连接；所述第一输出轴和第二输出轴均安装为平行于发动机输入轴；所述可变驱动齿轮设置于电机输入轴上，以维持或提高电机输入轴的旋转速度，然后将所维持的或提高后的旋转速度传递至第一输出轴；所述多个外齿轮对安装为在发动机输入轴与第一输出轴之间以及发动机输入轴与第二输出轴之间形成不同的变速器传动比；其中，由多个外齿轮对形成的多个变速器传动比以及当可变驱动齿轮将动力传递至第一输出轴时形成的两个变速器传动比形成用于驱动车辆的一系列不同的变速器传动比。
可变驱动齿轮可以通过单向离合器安装在电机输入轴上，所述单向离合器配置为在从电机输入轴到可变驱动齿轮的方向上传递动力，并且可变驱动齿轮可以一体地连接至行星齿轮组的第三旋转元件，所述行星齿轮组包括：设置为通过制动器可固定至变速器壳体的第一旋转元件以及连接至电机输入轴的第二旋转元件。
可变驱动齿轮可以配置为通过中央同步器锁定在电机输入轴上。
中央同步器可以包括：毂部和套筒，所述毂部安装在电机输入轴上；所述套筒安装为沿电机输入轴的轴向方向在毂部上可滑动并且配置为：当套筒移动到毂部的一侧时，毂部直接连接至发动机输入轴；当套筒移动到毂部的另一侧时，毂部直接连接至可变驱动齿轮。
中央同步器可以通过设置为配置为利用同步环执行同步相互作用的同步装置的形式连接至发动机输入轴，并且中央同步器可以通过设置为牙嵌离合器(dog clutch)的形式连接至可变驱动齿轮。
发动机输入轴与第一输出轴之间的外齿轮对可以安装为实现第二挡位的变速器传动比和第六挡位的变速器传动比，发动机输入轴与第二输出轴之间的外齿轮对可以安装为实现第一挡位的变速器传动比和第四挡位的变速器传动比，可变驱动齿轮可以安装为以第三挡位的变速器传动比和第五挡位的变速器传动比将动力传递至第一输出轴。
第一驱动齿轮和第二驱动齿轮可以安装在发动机输入轴上，第一驱动齿轮公用于实现第一挡位的变速器传动比和第二挡位的变速器传动比，第二驱动齿轮公用于实现第四挡位的变速器传动比和第六挡位的变速器传动比，与第一驱动齿轮啮合的第二挡位的从动齿轮以及与第二驱动齿轮啮合的第六挡位的从动齿轮可以安装在第一输出轴上，与第一驱动齿轮啮合的第一挡位的从动齿轮以及与第二驱动齿轮啮合的第四挡位的从动齿轮可以安装在第二输出轴上。
第一驱动齿轮和第二驱动齿轮可以安装在发动机输入轴上，使得第一驱动齿轮的旋转和第二驱动齿轮的旋转锁定在发动机输入轴上，第二和第六挡位同步装置可以设置在第一输出轴上，第二和第六挡位同步装置配置为将第二挡位的从动齿轮的旋转和第六挡位的从动齿轮的旋转选择性地锁定在第一输出轴上，第一和第四挡位同步装置可以设置在第二输出轴上，第一和第四挡位同步装置配置为将第一挡位的从动齿轮的旋转和第四挡位的从动齿轮的旋转选择性地锁定在第二输出轴上。
配置为形成中央同步器的一部分的离合器齿轮可以一体地设置在第二驱动齿轮上。
第一输出齿轮可以设置在第一输出轴上，第二输出齿轮可以设置在第二输出轴上，第一输出齿轮和第二输出齿轮可以共同与差动装置的齿圈啮合。
配置为从电机接收动力的电机从动齿轮可以与电机输入轴一体地设置，设置在电机的旋转轴上的电机驱动齿轮可以与电机从动齿轮啮合。
电机的旋转轴可以直接连接至电机输入轴。
电机输入轴可以通过行星齿轮组连接至电机，所述行星齿轮组用于降低电机的旋转速度然后将降低后的旋转速度传递至电机输入轴。
本发明的方法和装置具有其它的特性和优点，这些特性和优点从并入本文中的附图和随后的具体实施方式中将是显而易见的，或者将在并入本文中的附图和随后的具体实施方式中进行详细陈述，这些附图和具体实施方式共同用于解释本发明的特定原理。
附图说明
图1为示出根据本发明示例性实施方案的车辆的混合式动力传动系的示意图；
图2A、图2B、图2C、图2D和图2E为示出在图1的动力传动系中从第一挡位换挡至第二挡位的过程的示意图；
图3A、图3B、图3C、图3D和图3E为示出在图1的动力传动系中从第二挡位换挡至第三挡位的过程的示意图；
图4A、图4B、图4C、图4D和图4E为示出在图1的动力传动系中从第三挡位换挡至第四挡位的过程的示意图；
图5A、图5B、图5C、图5D和图5E为示出在图1的动力传动系中从第四挡位换挡至第五挡位的过程的示意图；
图6A、图6B、图6C、图6D和图6E为示出在图1的动力传动系中从第五挡位换挡至第六挡位的过程的示意图；
图7A、图7B和图7C为示出于电动车辆模式下在图1的动力传动系中从第一挡位换挡至第二挡位的过程的示意图；
图8A、图8B和图8C为示出于电动车辆模式下在图1的动力传动系中从第二挡位换挡至第一挡位的过程的示意图；
图9为示出根据本发明各种示例性实施方案的车辆的混合式动力传动系的示意图；
图10为示出根据本发明另一个示例性实施方案的车辆的混合式动力传动系的示意图。
应当理解，附图不一定是按照比例绘制，而是显示了说明本发明的基本原理的各种特征的略微简化的画法。如本文所公开的本发明的具体设计特征(包括例如具体尺寸、方向、位置和形状)将部分地由具体所要应用和使用的环境来确定。
在这些图中，贯穿附图的多幅图，相同的附图标记表示本发明的相同或等同的部分。
具体实施方式
下面将详细参考本发明的各个具体实施方案，这些具体实施方案的示例呈现在附图中并描述如下。尽管本发明将与本发明的示例性实施方案相结合进行描述，但是应当意识到，本说明书并非旨在将本发明限制为那些示例性实施方案。另一方面，本发明旨在不但覆盖本发明的示例性实施方案，而且还覆盖可以包括在由所附权利要求所限定的本发明的精神和范围之内的各种选择形式、修改形式、等价形式及其它实施方案。
现在将详细参照本发明的示例性的实施方案，其示例在附图中进行说明。只要可能，相同的附图标记将在整个附图中用于表示相同或相似的部分。
参考图1，根据本发明示例性实施方案的车辆的混合式动力传动系包括：发动机输入轴EI、电机输入轴MI、中央同步器CS、第一输出轴OUT1、第二输出轴OUT2、可变驱动齿轮VD以及多个外齿轮对；所述发动机输入轴EI通过主离合器MC连接至发动机E；所述电机输入轴MI安装为与发动机输入轴EI同轴并且连接至电机M；所述中央同步器CS安装为中断发动机输入轴EI与电机输入轴MI之间的连接；所述第一输出轴OUT1和第二输出轴OUT2安装为平行于发动机输入轴EI；所述可变驱动齿轮VD设置于电机输入轴MI上，以维持或提高电机输入轴MI的旋转速度，然后将所维持的或提高后的旋转速度传递至第一输出轴OUT1；所述多个外齿轮对安装为在发动机输入轴EI与第一输出轴OUT1之间以及发动机输入轴EI与第二输出轴OUT2之间形成不同的变速器传动比。
由多个外齿轮对形成的多个变速器传动比以及当可变驱动齿轮VD将动力传递至第一输出轴OUT1时形成的两个变速器传动比形成用于驱动车辆的一系列不同的变速器传动比。
也就是说，在本发明的示例性实施方案中，多个外齿轮对设置为形成第一挡位、第二挡位、第四挡位和第六挡位的变速器传动比，当可变驱动齿轮VD维持电机输入轴MI的旋转速度进而传递所维持的旋转速度时，可变驱动齿轮VD形成第三挡位的变速器传动比，当可变驱动齿轮VD提高电机输入轴MI的旋转速度进而传递提高后的旋转速度时，可变驱动齿轮VD形成第五挡位的变速器传动比，由此，车辆可以实现一系列的变速器传动比，即第一挡位至第六挡位的变速器传动比。
如下所述，根据本发明示例性实施方案的动力传动系可以利用发动机E的动力(其是发动机输入轴EI通过主离合器MC接收到的)通过多个外齿轮对和可变驱动齿轮VD来实现第一前进挡位至第六前进挡位，并且执行平稳的换挡而没有换挡所引起的扭矩中断。
可变驱动齿轮VD通过单向离合器OWC安装在电机输入轴MI上，单向离合器OWC仅在从电机输入轴MI到可变驱动齿轮VD的方向上传递动力。
因此，仅当电机输入轴MI以高于可变驱动齿轮VD的速度在前进方向旋转时，电机输入轴MI的动力才会驱动可变驱动齿轮VD。
这里，前进方向表示电机输入轴MI和发动机输入轴EI旋转以驱动车辆前进的方向。
此外，可变驱动齿轮VD一体地连接至行星齿轮组PG的第三旋转元件，行星齿轮组PG包括第一旋转元件和第二旋转元件，所述第一旋转元件设置为可以由制动器BK固定，所述第二旋转元件连接至电机输入轴MI。
这里，行星齿轮组PG的第一旋转元件是太阳轮S，第二旋转元件是行星架，第三旋转元件是内齿圈R。
也就是说，可变驱动齿轮VD通过行星齿轮组PG和单向离合器OWC安装在电机输入轴MI上，从而可以维持或提高电机输入轴MI的旋转速度，然后将具有所维持或提高后的旋转速度的电机输入轴MI的动力传递至第一输出轴OUT1。
在制动器BK没有接合的情况下，在电机输入轴MI以高于可变驱动齿轮VD的速度在前进方向旋转时，动力从电机输入轴MI传递至可变驱动齿轮VD，可变驱动齿轮VD将电机输入轴MI的动力传递至第一输出轴OUT1而电机输入轴MI的旋转速度没有改变，并且行星齿轮组PG的行星架C直接连接至电机输入轴MI；因此，在上述的情况下，整个行星齿轮组PG以与可变驱动齿轮VD相同的速度旋转。
在制动器BK接合的情况下，行星齿轮组PG的太阳轮S固定到变速器壳体H，从而使传递至行星架C的电机输入轴MI的动力以提高后的速度驱动内齿圈R和可变驱动齿轮VD，并且将具有提高后的旋转速度的电机输入轴MI的动力传递至第一输出轴OUT1；因此，在上述的情况下，单向离合器OWC使可变驱动齿轮VD以高于电机输入轴MI的速度旋转。
可变驱动齿轮VD配置为通过中央同步器CS锁定在电机输入轴MI上。
也就是说，中央同步器CS包括：毂部以及套筒SB，所述毂部安装在电机输入轴MI上，所述套筒SB安装为在毂部HB上沿轴向方向可滑动并且配置为：当套筒SB移动到一侧时，直接连接至发动机输入轴EI；当套筒SB移动到另一侧时，直接连接至可变驱动齿轮VD。
作为参考，“轴向方向”表示电机输入轴MI的纵向方向。
中央同步器CS通过设置为利用同步环进行同步相互作用的同步装置的形式连接至发动机输入轴EI，并且通过设置为牙嵌离合器(dog clutch)的形式连接至可变驱动齿轮VD。
在本发明的示例性实施方案中，构成中央同步器CS的一部分的离合器齿轮CG与将在后面描述的第二驱动齿轮DG2一体地设置在发动机输入轴EI上，并且离合器齿轮CG配置为通过接合套筒SB与离合器齿轮CG使发动机输入轴EI直接连接至电机输入轴MI。
此外，同步环设置在第二驱动齿轮DG2的离合器齿轮CG与套筒SB之间，套筒SB通过同步啮合式同步装置的同步相互作用而与第二驱动齿轮DG2的离合器齿轮CG接合。
作为参考，同步环通常用于常规的同步啮合式同步装置中，因此在附图中将省略其图示。
如上所述，中央同步器CS通过设置为牙嵌离合器的形式连接至可变驱动齿轮VD，其原因是通过电机M和制动器BK主动地执行同步相互作用。
当然，离合器齿轮CG与可变驱动齿轮VD一体地设置，从而当套筒SB移动到另一侧(图1中的向右)时，套筒SB与离合器齿轮CG接合。
发动机输入轴EI与第一输出轴OUT1之间的外齿轮对安装为实现第二挡位的变速器传动比和第六挡位的变速器传动比，发动机输入轴EI与第二输出轴OUT2之间的外齿轮对安装为实现第一挡位的变速器传动比和第四挡位的变速器传动比，驱动齿轮VD安装为以第三挡位的变速器传动比和第五挡位的变速器传动比将动力传递至第一输出轴OUT1。
也就是说，第一驱动齿轮DG1(其公用于实现第一挡位的变速器传动比和第二挡位的变速器传动比)和第二驱动齿轮DG2(其公用于实现第四挡位的变速器传动比和第六挡位的变速器传动比)安装在发动机输入轴EI上，第二挡位的从动齿轮P2(其与第一驱动齿轮DG1啮合)与第六挡位的从动齿轮P6(其与第二驱动齿轮DG2啮合)安装在第一输出轴OUT1上，第一挡位的从动齿轮P1(其与第一驱动齿轮DG1啮合)与第四挡位的从动齿轮P4(其与第二驱动齿轮DG2啮合)安装在第二输出轴OUT2上。
第一驱动齿轮DG1和第二驱动齿轮DG2安装在发动机输入轴EI上，使得第一驱动齿轮DG1和第二驱动齿轮DG2的旋转锁定在发动机输入轴EI上，第二和第六挡位同步装置2&6S设置在第一输出轴OUT1上，第二和第六挡位同步装置2&6S配置为将第二挡位的从动齿轮P2和第六挡位的从动齿轮P6的旋转选择性地锁定在第一输出轴OUT1上，第一和第四挡位同步装置1&4S设置在第二输出轴OUT2上，第一和第四挡位同步装置1&4S配置为将第一挡位的从动齿轮P1和第四挡位的从动齿轮P4的旋转选择性地锁定在第二输出轴OUT2上。
此外，第一输出齿轮OG1设置在第一输出轴OUT1上，第二输出齿轮OG2设置在第二输出轴OUT2上，第一输出齿轮OG1和第二输出齿轮OG2共同与差动装置DF的齿圈RG啮合，以向驱动车轮输出动力。
此外，与可变驱动齿轮VD啮合的可变从动齿轮VP安装在第一输出轴OUT1上，使得可变从动齿轮VP的旋转锁定在第一输出轴OUT1上，可变从动齿轮VP配置为将动力从可变驱动齿轮VD传递至第一输出轴OUT1。
在图1示出的示例性实施方案中，上述配置公用于本发明的所有实施方案，用于从电机M接收动力的电机从动齿轮MP与电机输入轴MI一体地设置，并且设置在电机M的旋转轴上的电机驱动齿轮MD与电机从动齿轮MP啮合。
因此，电机M的旋转动力通过电机驱动齿轮MD与电机从动齿轮MP的传动比来改变，然后传递至电机输入轴MI。
在图9示出的另一个示例性实施方案中，电机M的旋转轴直接连接至电机输入轴MI。
因此，电机M的驱动动力直接驱动电机输入轴MI，并且根据本发明示例性实施方案的动力传动系可以仅需要最少数量的部分，并且具有最小化和紧凑的配置。
在图10示出的又一个示例性实施方案中，电机输入轴MI通过用于降低速度的行星齿轮组RPG连接到电机M，所述行星齿轮组RPG使电机M的旋转速度降低并将降低后的电机M的旋转速度传递至电机输入轴MI。
也就是说，除了连接至可变驱动齿轮VD的行星齿轮组PG之外，进一步设置有用于降低速度的行星齿轮组RPG。用于降低速度的行星齿轮组RPG首先降低电机M的旋转速度，然后将降低后的旋转速度传递至电机输入轴MI。
用于降低速度的行星齿轮组RPG包括：固定至变速器壳体H的内齿圈R、连接至电机M的电机轴MS的太阳轮S以及连接至电机输入轴MI的行星架C。
下文中，将描述图1中示出的根据示例性实施方案的动力传动系中从第一挡位换挡至第六挡位的过程。
图2A、图2B、图2C、图2D和图2E为示出从第一挡位换挡至第二挡位的过程的示意图。图2A示出车辆在第一挡位下的驱动状态，其中，主离合器MC接合，第一和第四挡位同步装置1&4S将第一挡位的从动齿轮P1连接至第二输出轴OUT2，中央同步器CS处于中间状态，发动机E的动力通过主离合器MC驱动发动机输入轴EI。
这里，发动机输入轴EI的动力通过第一驱动齿轮DG1和第一挡位的从动齿轮P1传递至第二输出轴OUT2，然后在通过第二输出齿轮OG2和差动装置DF的齿圈RG形成第一挡位的变速器传动比的同时将发动机输入轴EI的动力输出。
如图2B所示，当给出用于指示换挡至第二挡位的命令时，中央同步器与可变驱动齿轮VD接合，并且电机M驱动。
如图2C所示，主离合器MC释放，并且利用电机M的动力来维持车辆的当前驱动状态。
如图2D所示，在第二挡位的从动齿轮P2通过第二和第六挡位同步装置2&6S锁定在第一输出轴OUT1上的状态下，通过接合主离合器MC使车辆开始在第二挡位下行驶，并且，如图2E所示，通过解除电机M的驱动，车辆进入仅利用发动机E的第二挡位的驱动状态。
因此，完成换挡而没有扭矩中断。
图3A、图3B、图3C、图3D和图3E为示出从第二挡位换挡至第三挡位的过程的示意图。图3A示出中央同步器CS从图2E的状态变为中间状态的状态。
如图3B所示，当给出用于指示换挡至第三挡位的指令时，电机M驱动，为切断来自发动机E的动力做准备。
如图3C所示，主离合器MC释放，使得仅利用电机M的动力来维持车辆在第二挡位下的驱动状态。
如图3D所示，当中央同步器CS移动至左侧，使得发动机输入轴EI和电机输入轴MI直接相互连接，然后主离合器MC接合时，车辆进入第三挡位的驱动状态，并且如图3E所示，当解除电机M的驱动时，仅利用发动机E来维持车辆在第三挡位下的驱动状态。在该换挡过程中，不会出现扭矩中断。
图4A、图4B、图4C、图4D和图4E为示出从第三挡位换挡至第四挡位的过程的示意图。图4A示出了与图3E相同的状态。
如图4B所示，当给出用于指示换挡至第四挡位的命令时，启动电机M的驱动，如图4C所示，将主离合器MC和中央同步器CS都释放，如图4D所示，第一和第四挡位同步装置1&4S将第四挡位的从动齿轮P4连接至第二输出轴OUT2，通过接合主离合器MC，车辆进入第四挡位的驱动状态，然后，如图4E所示，通过解除电机M的驱动，仅利用发动机E来维持车辆在第四挡位下的驱动状态。同样地，在该换挡过程中，不会出现扭矩中断。
图5A、图5B、图5C、图5D和图5E为示出从第四挡位换挡至第五挡位的过程的示意图。如图5A所示，在车辆于第四挡位下的驱动状态中，当给出用于指示换挡至第五挡位的命令时，如图5B所示，电机M驱动同时接合制动器BK，从而额外地利用电机M来维持车辆在第四挡位下的驱动状态。
这里，由于通过行星齿轮组PG和可变驱动齿轮VD使电机M的旋转速度提高，然后将旋转速度提高后的电机M的动力传递至第一输出轴OUT1，在实现车辆于第四挡位下的行驶时，不需要提高电机M的RPM。
如图5C所示，释放主离合器MC，并且第一和第四挡位同步装置1&4S松开为中间状态。
如图5D所示，电机输入轴MI通过中央同步器CS直接连接至发动机输入轴EI，然后将主离合器MC接合，使得车辆进入第五挡位的驱动状态，然后，如图5E所示，通过解除电机M的驱动，仅利用发动机E来维持车辆在第五挡位下的驱动状态。同样地，在该换挡过程中，不会出现扭矩中断。
图6A、图6B、图6C、图6D和图6E为示出从第五挡位换挡至第六挡位的过程的示意图。如图6A所示，在车辆处于第五挡位下的驱动状态中，当给出用于指示换挡至第六挡位的命令时，如图6B所示，电机M驱动，从而额外地利用电机M来维持车辆在第五挡位下的驱动状态，然后，如图6C所示，主离合器MC释放并且中央同步器CS释放为中间状态。
如图6D所示，第二和第六挡位同步装置2&6S与第六挡位的从动齿轮P6接合，然后通过接合主离合器MC，车辆进入第六挡位的驱动状态。
此后，如图6E所示，当解除电机M的驱动时，仅利用发动机E来维持车辆在第六挡位下的驱动状态。同样地，在该换挡过程中，不会出现扭矩中断。
也就是说，根据本发明示例性实施方案的混合式动力传动系可以执行从第一挡位至第六挡位的换挡而没有扭矩中断，从而能够实现优异的动力传递效率和换挡质量。
作为参考，在附图中，粗线表示传递动力的部分，并且通过类似于上述升挡过程的过程执行降挡，因此将省略其详细描述。
图7A、图7B和图7C为示出于仅利用电机M来驱动车辆的电动车辆模式下，在动力传动系中从第一挡位换挡至第二挡位的过程的示意图。如图7A所示，在释放制动器BK的情况下，电机M驱动，以利用电机M实现车辆在第一挡位下的驱动状态。如图7B所示，当给出用于指示换挡至第二挡位的命令时，接合制动器BK，中央同步器CS释放为中间状态，以利用电机M实现车辆在第二挡位下的驱动状态。
在图7A示出的状态下，即使在中央同步器CS没有与可变驱动齿轮VD接合的情况下，也可以通过单向离合器OWC来实现车辆在前进第一挡位下的驱动状态。然而，如图7A所示，当中央同步器CS与可变驱动齿轮VD接合时，可以通过电机M在相反方向的旋转来实现倒车挡位。
图8A、图8B和图8C为示出于电动车辆模式下，在动力传动系中从第二挡位换挡至第一挡位的过程的示意图。如图8A所示，在车辆利用电机M处于第二挡位的驱动状态下，当提供用于指示换挡至第一挡位的命令时，如图8B所示，通过控制释放制动器BK，可变驱动齿轮VD与中央同步器CS的套筒SB同步，并且中央同步器CS与可变驱动齿轮VD的离合器齿轮CG接合。此后，如图8C所示，当制动器B完全释放时，利用电机M执行降挡至第一挡位。
从上面的描述可以明显看出，根据本发明示例性实施方案的车辆的混合式动力传动系在强化了AMT的优势的同时可以通过利用电机消除扭矩中断(扭矩中断是自动手动变速器(AMT)的缺点)来改善换挡感觉，并且去掉了传统的混合式动力传动系(其中电机位于发动机与变速器之间)所需的电机与发动机之间的离合器，从而由于减小了变速器的总长度来提高车辆中变速器的安装便利性，减少变速器的重量和生产成本，并且有助于提高车辆的燃料效率。
为了方便解释和精确限定所附权利要求，术语“上”、“下”、“内”、“外”、“上面”、“下面”、“向上”、“向下”、“前”、“后”、“背面”、“内”、“外”、“内部”、“外部”、“内部的”、“外部的”、“内侧”、“外侧”、“向前”、“向后”用于参考附图中所显示的这些特征的位置来描述示例性具体实施方案的特征。应当进一步理解，术语“连接”或其派生词既表示直接连接又表示间接连接。
此外，术语“固定连接”表示固定连接的构件总是以相同的速度旋转。此外，术语“可选择性地连接”表示“当可选择性地连接的构件不相互接合时，可选择性地连接的构件分开旋转，当可选择性地连接的构件相互接合时，可选择性地连接的构件以相同的速度旋转，当至少一个可选择性地连接的构件是一个静止构件而其余的可选择性地连接的构件接合到该静止构件时，这些可选择性地连接的构件是静止的”。
前面对本发明具体示例性实施方案所呈现的描述是出于说明和描述的目的。前面的描述并不旨在成为穷举的，或者将本发明限制为所公开的精确形式，显然，根据上述教导很多改变和变化都是可能的。选择示例性实施方案并进行描述是为了解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用，从而使得本领域的其他技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种示例性实施方案及其不同选择形式和修改形式。本发明的范围意在由所附权利要求书及其等价形式所限定。

Claims (17)

1.一种车辆的动力传动系，所述动力传动系包括：
发动机输入轴，其通过主离合器能够选择性地连接至发动机；
电机输入轴，其安装为与发动机输入轴同轴并接合至电机；
中央同步器，其安装为将发动机输入轴选择性地连接至电机输入轴；
第一输出轴和第二输出轴，其均安装为平行于发动机输入轴；
可变驱动齿轮，其安装在电机输入轴上，以维持或提高电机输入轴的旋转速度，然后将所维持的或提高后的旋转速度传递至第一输出轴；以及
多个齿轮对，其安装为在发动机输入轴与第一输出轴之间以及发动机输入轴与第二输出轴之间形成不同的变速器传动比；
其中，由多个齿轮对形成的多个变速器传动比以及当可变驱动齿轮将动力传递至第一输出轴时形成的两个变速器传动比形成了用于驱动车辆的一系列不同的变速器传动比。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆的动力传动系，其中，
所述可变驱动齿轮通过单向离合器安装在电机输入轴上，所述单向离合器配置为在从电机输入轴到可变驱动齿轮的方向上传递动力；
所述可变驱动齿轮连接至第一行星齿轮组的第三旋转元件，所述第一行星齿轮组还包括：安装为通过制动器能够选择性地固定至变速器壳体的第一旋转元件以及连接至电机输入轴的第二旋转元件。
3.根据权利要求2所述的车辆的动力传动系，其中，所述第一行星齿轮组的第一旋转元件、第二旋转元件和第三旋转元件分别为太阳轮、行星架和内齿圈。
4.根据权利要求2所述的车辆的动力传动系，其中，所述可变驱动齿轮配置为通过中央同步器锁定在电机输入轴上。
5.根据权利要求4所述的车辆的动力传动系，其中，所述中央同步器包括：
毂部，其固定至电机输入轴；以及
套筒，其安装为沿电机输入轴的轴向方向在毂部上能够滑动并且配置为：当套筒移动到毂部的第一侧时，将毂部固定地连接至发动机输入轴；当套筒移动到毂部的第二侧时，将毂部固定地连接至可变驱动齿轮。
6.根据权利要求5所述的车辆的动力传动系，其中，
所述中央同步器以配置为利用同步环执行同步相互作用的同步装置的形式连接至发动机输入轴；
所述中央同步器以牙嵌离合器的形式连接至可变驱动齿轮。
7.根据权利要求1所述的车辆的动力传动系，其中，
所述多个齿轮对包括第一多个齿轮对和第二多个齿轮对；
发动机输入轴与第一输出轴之间的所述第一多个齿轮对安装为实现不同的变速器传动比中的第二挡位的变速器传动比和第六挡位的变速器传动比；
发动机输入轴与第二输出轴之间的所述第二多个齿轮对安装为实现不同的变速器传动比中的第一挡位的变速器传动比和第四挡位的变速器传动比；
所述可变驱动齿轮安装为以不同的变速器传动比中的第三挡位的变速器传动比和第五挡位的变速器传动比将动力传递至第一输出轴。
8.根据权利要求7所述的车辆的动力传动系，其中，
所述第一多个齿轮对和第二多个齿轮对共同包括第一驱动齿轮和第二驱动齿轮；
所述第一驱动齿轮和第二驱动齿轮固定地安装在发动机输入轴上，所述第一驱动齿轮公用于实现第一挡位的变速器传动比和第二挡位的变速器传动比，所述第二驱动齿轮公用于实现第四挡位的变速器传动比和第六挡位的变速器传动比；
所述第一多个齿轮对包括：用于第二挡位并且与第一驱动齿轮啮合的第一从动齿轮以及用于第六挡位并且与第二驱动齿轮啮合的第二从动齿轮，所述第一从动齿轮和第二从动齿轮能够旋转地安装在第一输出轴上；
所述第二多个齿轮对包括：用于第一挡位并且与第一驱动齿轮啮合的第三从动齿轮以及用于第四挡位并且与第二驱动齿轮啮合的第四从动齿轮，所述第三从动齿轮和第四从动齿轮能够旋转地安装在第二输出轴上。
9.根据权利要求8所述的车辆的动力传动系，其中，
所述第一驱动齿轮和第二驱动齿轮固定地安装在发动机输入轴上，使得第一驱动齿轮的旋转和第二驱动齿轮的旋转锁定在发动机输入轴上；
第二和第六挡位同步装置安装在第一输出轴上，所述第二和第六挡位同步装置配置为将用于第二挡位的第一从动齿轮的旋转和用于第六挡位的第二从动齿轮的旋转选择性地锁定在第一输出轴上；
第一和第四挡位同步装置安装在第二输出轴上，所述第一和第四挡位同步装置配置为将用于第一挡位的第三从动齿轮的旋转和用于第四挡位的第四从动齿轮的旋转选择性地锁定在第二输出轴上。
10.根据权利要求8所述的车辆的动力传动系，其中，配置为形成中央同步器的一部分的离合器齿轮一体地安装在第二驱动齿轮上。
11.根据权利要求10所述的车辆的动力传动系，其中，离合器齿轮包括：
第一离合器齿轮，其连接至第二驱动齿轮；以及
第二离合器齿轮，其连接至可变驱动齿轮。
12.根据权利要求1所述的车辆的动力传动系，其中，
第一输出齿轮固定至第一输出轴；
第二输出齿轮固定至第二输出轴；
所述第一输出齿轮和第二输出齿轮共同与差动装置的齿圈啮合。
13.根据权利要求1所述的车辆的动力传动系，其中，
配置为从电机接收动力的电机从动齿轮固定至电机输入轴；
固定至电机的旋转轴的电机驱动齿轮与电机从动齿轮啮合。
14.根据权利要求1所述的车辆的动力传动系，其中，电机的旋转轴固定地连接至电机输入轴。
15.根据权利要求1所述的车辆的动力传动系，其中，所述电机输入轴通过第二行星齿轮组连接至电机，所述第二行星齿轮组用于降低电机的旋转速度，然后将降低后的旋转速度传递至电机输入轴。
16.根据权利要求15所述的车辆的动力传动系，其中，
所述第二行星齿轮组包括第一旋转元件、第二旋转元件以及第三旋转元件；
所述第一旋转元件连接至电机的电机轴，所述第二旋转元件连接至电机输入轴，所述第三旋转元件连接至变速器壳体。
17.根据权利要求16所述的车辆的动力传动系，其中，所述第二行星齿轮组的第一旋转元件、第二旋转元件和第三旋转元件分别为太阳轮、行星架和内齿圈。
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