CN113351360B - Mineral separation method of high-sulfur magnetite ore with low-grade copper - Google Patents
Mineral separation method of high-sulfur magnetite ore with low-grade copper Download PDFInfo
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- CN113351360B CN113351360B CN202110637801.9A CN202110637801A CN113351360B CN 113351360 B CN113351360 B CN 113351360B CN 202110637801 A CN202110637801 A CN 202110637801A CN 113351360 B CN113351360 B CN 113351360B
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper monosulfide Chemical compound [Cu]=S BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910001779 copper mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 7
- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(I) oxide Inorganic materials [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- LBJNMUFDOHXDFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cu].[Cu] LBJNMUFDOHXDFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001612 separation test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/018—Mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/06—Depressants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a mineral separation method of low-grade copper high-sulfur magnetite ore, belonging to the field of mineral separation. The method comprises the steps of raw ore classification, copper-sulfur mixed flotation, copper-sulfur separation, coarse and fine flotation, copper-sulfur separation and multiple carefully selection, and through reasonable process design of the mixed flotation and the copper-sulfur separation of the ore dressing process, the optimal dosing ratio is screened out, the ore dressing effect is ensured, the cost of each medicament is effectively reduced, and the method is particularly suitable for copper-containing high-sulfur magnetite ore with copper grade of 0.02% -0.05%, and copper concentrate with higher copper grade and higher enrichment can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ore dressing, and particularly relates to a method for dressing copper-containing high-sulfur magnetite ore with copper grade of 0.02% -0.05%.
Background
At present, the common mineral separation process flow of the high-sulfur magnetite ore generally comprises two processes of stage grinding, magnetic separation and floatation, and magnetic separation, and the two processes can obtain two products of iron ore concentrate and sulfur concentrate. Wherein, the associated copper in the high-sulfur magnetite ore is generally enriched in a sulfur concentrate product, and at present, in the production practice that the copper in the sulfur concentrate is comprehensively recovered, the copper content in the high-sulfur magnetite ore is basically more than 0.05 percent, and the copper grade in the obtained sulfur concentrate is generally more than 0.6 percent.
For example, the mineral separation process of the Lujiang Longqiao mining industry comprises the steps of carrying out cyclone classification, ball milling, flotation, primary and secondary refining, secondary sweeping and closed circuit (the middling is sequentially returned) mineral separation on the sulfur concentrate, wherein the copper content in the high-sulfur magnetite raw ore is 0.07%, the copper content in the sulfur concentrate is 1.0% -2.0%, lime is adopted as a pyrite inhibitor, and BK606 is adopted as a copper mineral collector, so that the copper concentrate with the copper grade of 18% can be obtained.
A mineral separation process for the Wu steel Cheng Chao iron ore features that the raw high-sulfur magnetite ore contains copper (0.063%) and the sulfur concentrate contains copper (0.6-1.0%) and the copper-sulfur separation flotation is carried out by a coarse and two-fine closed-circuit (sequentially returning the middlings), the lime is used as the inhibitor of pyrite, and Z200 is used as collector of copper ore.
However, for the high-sulfur magnetite ore with extremely low copper grade (copper grade of 0.02% -0.05%), the copper grade is too low, and the concentration in the sulfur concentrate can be only about 0.3%, and by adopting the existing beneficiation processes such as the two beneficiation processes, the copper concentrate with higher copper grade is difficult to obtain, and even if the copper concentrate with higher copper grade is finally obtained, the problems of excessive dosage of the medicament and complicated process exist.
In 1 month 2017, the research and the disclosure of a copper-sulfur separation test on sulfur concentrate with 0.24% copper content in sulfur concentrate are researched and disclosed in a sulfur concentrate copper-sulfur separation test of a sulfur concentrate company of a modern mining published paper Luo Hekuang, and the classification indexes of 17.51% copper grade and 59.54% recovery rate can be obtained. However, in the experiment, the sulfur concentrate is directly subjected to ore dressing, and the process step does not comprise a reagent removing step, because the experiment is carried out by taking a filter cake of the sulfur concentrate, the filter cake of the sulfur concentrate is concentrated and placed for a long time, the reagent is not required to be taken into consideration, and the target in actual production is often fresh ore pulp; moreover, each operation (including grinding and flotation) of the mini test is intermittent, not continuous, and is easier to achieve. According to the research, a copper-sulfur separation production line is established on site, and trial production shows that the qualified copper concentrate product cannot be obtained at all by adopting fresh ore pulp in the production process, and the research is verified by taking the fresh ore pulp in the site, so that the grading index of copper grade 4.13% and recovery rate 34.24% can be obtained only.
The Chinese patent application number is: CN201510894023.6, publication date: patent literature of 2016, 3 and 2 days discloses a mineral separation method of low-grade cuprite, which comprises the steps of grinding the low-grade cuprite, adding water for pulp mixing to obtain ore pulp; sequentially adding an ore pulp dispersing agent, a vulcanizing agent, a copper mine collecting agent and a foaming agent into ore pulp for pulp mixing, and then performing flotation to obtain copper rough concentrate I; sequentially adding a vulcanizing agent, a copper mine collector and a foaming agent into the ore pulp for pulp mixing, and then performing flotation to obtain copper middling; and finally, sequentially adding an oxidant, a vulcanizing agent, a copper mine collector and a foaming agent into the slurry for pulping, and then performing flotation to obtain copper rough concentrate II. The method is suitable for flotation of cuprite, can fully recover various copper-containing minerals in the cuprite, is particularly suitable for flotation of refractory cuprite, and can obtain copper concentrate with copper grade of 18-21 percent and copper recovery rate of 78-85 percent. However, the scheme aims at mainly cuprite, is not necessarily suitable for copper-containing high-sulfur magnetite ores, the copper grade of the cuprite is above 0.6%, if the scheme is applied to copper-containing high-sulfur magnetite ores with the copper grade of 0.02% -0.05%, qualified copper concentrate is difficult to obtain, and in addition, a large amount of medicaments are required to be added in the whole process steps, so that the actual production cost is high.
Therefore, the prior art does not have a perfect method for recycling copper in copper-containing high-sulfur magnetite ores with copper grade of 0.02-0.05%, and the waste of resources during the beneficiation of the copper-containing high-sulfur magnetite ores can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
Aiming at the problem that the prior art does not have a perfect method for recycling copper in copper-containing high-sulfur magnetite ores with copper grades of 0.02-0.05%, the invention provides a beneficiation method for low-grade copper-containing high-sulfur magnetite ores, which is particularly suitable for copper-containing high-sulfur magnetite ores with copper grades of 0.02-0.05%, and can obtain copper concentrate with higher copper grades and higher enrichment.
2. Technical proposal
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A mineral separation method of high-sulfur magnetite ore of low-grade copper comprises the following steps:
1. classification of raw ore
Crushing and grinding the high-sulfur magnet raw ore, feeding the crushed and ground high-sulfur magnet raw ore into a cyclone, and enabling overflow obtained by working of the cyclone to enter subsequent sorting operation;
2. copper-sulfur mixed flotation
Adding a sulfide ore collector into the overflow in the first step for separation and mixed flotation, carrying out subsequent iron separation operation on the mixed flotation tailings, and carrying out subsequent copper-sulfur separation flotation on the mixed flotation concentrate;
3. copper-sulfur separation-coarse-fine-sweeping
Removing the drugs from the bulk flotation concentrate in the second step, and then feeding the bulk flotation concentrate into a rough concentration process and a fine concentration process, wherein a pyrite inhibitor and a copper mine collecting agent are added in rough concentration and scavenging, a pyrite inhibitor is added in fine concentration, the concentrate after the fine concentration is subjected to a plurality of subsequent fine concentration operations, and the fine concentration tailings and the scavenging concentrate return to the rough concentration operation;
4. copper-sulfur separation multiple concentration
And (3) ball milling, opening and wiping the eluent on the concentrate selected in the step (III), and then carrying out three times of selection, wherein a pyrite inhibitor and a copper mineral collector are added in the first time of selection in the three times of selection, and the pyrite inhibitor is added in the second time and the third time of selection in the three times of selection, so that the copper concentrate is finally obtained.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, in the second step, the specific process of the hybrid flotation is as follows: adding a sulfide ore collector into the overflow in the first step for roughing, and carrying out twice concentration on rough concentrate obtained by roughing, so that the obtained mixed flotation concentrate is subjected to subsequent copper-sulfur separation flotation; and adding a sulphide ore collector into tailings obtained by roughing for scavenging, and performing subsequent iron separation operation on the obtained mixed flotation tailings.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, in the roughing stage of the second step, the sulfide ore collector is divided into two parts, and the sulfide ore collector is added in a front operation section and a rear operation section of the flotation equipment respectively.
In the second step, the overflow in the first step is separated from slag and then subjected to mixed flotation.
In the second step, according to the dry ore quantity of the mixed flotation ore feeding, 40-45 g of sulfide ore collecting agent is added per ton of dry ore in the front operation section of the flotation equipment during roughing; during roughing, 25-30 g of sulfide ore collector is added into each ton of dry ore in the post operation section of the flotation equipment; in the scavenging stage, 10-15 g of sulfide ore collecting agent is added per ton of dry ore.
In the third step, 2500-3500 g of pyrite inhibitor and 25-35 g of copper mineral collector are added in each ton of dry ore in the rough concentration stage, 1500-2500 g of pyrite inhibitor is added in each ton of dry ore in the fine concentration stage, and 1500-2500 g of pyrite inhibitor and 10-20 g of copper mineral collector are added in each ton of dry ore in the scavenging stage according to the dry ore amount of separation flotation feeding.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, in the fourth step, tailings after three times of concentration are intensively returned to the concentration operation of the third step for reprocessing.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the four steps are calculated according to the dry ore quantity of the concentrate selected in the third step, 750-1250 g of pyrite inhibitor and 8-12 g of copper mineral collector are added per ton of dry ore in the first selection in the third selection, and 400-600 g of pyrite inhibitor is added per ton of dry ore in the second selection and the third selection in the third selection.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the mineral separation equipment adopts an inflatable mechanical stirring flotation machine.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the iron grade of the high-sulfur magnet raw ore is 30% -40%, the sulfur grade is 3.0% -6.0%, and the copper grade is 0.02% -0.05%.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, in the third step and the fourth step, the removal of the medicine is carried out by adding coconut shell activated carbon.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention discloses a beneficiation method of low-grade copper high-sulfur magnetite ores, which is particularly suitable for high-sulfur magnetite ores with copper grade of 0.02% -0.05%, and reasonably designs the process of mixed flotation and copper-sulfur separation of a beneficiation process, so that the optimal dosing ratio is screened out, the beneficiation effect is ensured, and meanwhile, the cost of each reagent is effectively reduced;
secondly, for raw ores with extremely low copper content, the comprehensive utilization difficulty of copper is extremely high, and if the cost is too high, the economic value is difficult to generate, and the coconut shell activated carbon is creatively adopted for removing the medicine, and the process of removing the medicine in a matching stage is adopted, so that the medicine removing effect is ensured, and meanwhile, compared with the conventional activated carbon and the conventional process, the dosage of the activated carbon is greatly reduced, the production cost is greatly reduced, and the comprehensive utilization of the raw ores with extremely low grade copper is realized;
in addition, the stage flotation of the invention firstly carries out coarse-fine ore feeding grade preliminary improvement, then restores the fresh surface of ore pulp through ball milling open-circuit reagent removal, finally successfully improves the copper grade of the finally prepared copper concentrate to more than 17% through three times of concentration, improves the utilization rate of metal resources, and successfully solves the problem that the raw ore of the copper with extremely low grade is difficult to utilize, and has higher popularization value in the field of ore dressing.
(2) According to the mineral separation method of the high-sulfur magnetite ore with low-grade copper, when roughing is carried out in the mixed flotation stage, if the collector is added at one time, the initial flotation speed is increased, but the roughing selectivity is reduced, the concentrate quality is affected, most of the collector is scraped along with a foam product from a front operation section, so that the collector in a rear operation section is insufficient, the concentrate recovery rate is reduced, and the collector is respectively added in two parts in the front operation section and the rear operation section of the flotation device, so that the flotation speed can be controlled and adjusted, the concentrate quality is ensured, the concentrate recovery rate is improved, the effect of the collector is effectively exerted, the consumption of the collector is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
(3) The invention relates to a beneficiation method of high-sulfur magnetite ore of low-grade copper, which adopts a semi-concentrated-semi-sequential middling return mode in one coarse, four fine and one sweep in a copper-sulfur separation stage, wherein the middling products of second, third and fourth fine are concentrated and returned to one fine selection operation, which is more beneficial to ensuring the grade of copper concentrate, and the middlings of one fine and one sweep are still adopted in a sequential return mode, so that the recovery rate of copper metal is improved as much as possible, and the copper grade, enrichment ratio and recovery rate of the finally obtained copper concentrate are all greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the beneficiation process of the present invention;
figure 2 is a numerical flow chart of an embodiment of the beneficiation process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in connection with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Examples
At present, for raw ores with extremely low copper content, the comprehensive utilization difficulty of copper is extremely high, and if the cost is too high, the economic value is difficult to generate. Therefore, the existing beneficiation method is difficult to recycle the copper of the high-sulfur magnetite ore with extremely low grade copper well, and the copper grade, the enrichment ratio and the recovery rate of the finally prepared copper concentrate cannot meet the requirements, or the cost in actual production is higher, so that the method cannot produce enough economic value. Aiming at the problem, the invention provides a beneficiation method capable of obtaining qualified copper concentrate and having extremely high economic value, which is mainly aimed at high-sulfur magnetite ore with copper grade of 0.02% -0.05%, and is especially suitable for high-sulfur magnetite ore with iron grade of 30% -40%, sulfur grade of 3.0% -6.0% and copper grade of 0.02% -0.05%. The beneficiation process is described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, a beneficiation method of high-sulfur magnetite ore of low-grade copper comprises the following steps:
1. classification of raw ore
Crushing the high-sulfur magnet raw ore, then conveying the crushed high-sulfur magnet raw ore into a ball mill for grinding, wherein the ball mill adopts an overflow type ball mill, and conveying the ground ore into a cyclone. The cyclone is a hydrocyclone, the cyclone is provided with a certain overflow granularity, overflow obtained by working of the cyclone enters subsequent sorting operation, and classified sand setting returns to the ball mill for continuous grinding.
2. Copper-sulfur mixed flotation
And (3) separating slag from the overflow in the first step by adopting a vibrating screen, adding a sulfide ore collector for roughing, and carrying out twice concentration on rough concentrate obtained by roughing to obtain mixed flotation concentrate, and carrying out subsequent copper-sulfur separation flotation. And adding a sulphide ore collector into tailings obtained by roughing for scavenging, and performing subsequent iron separation operation on the obtained mixed flotation tailings.
The roughing, selecting and scavenging in the stage all adopt an inflatable mechanical stirring flotation machine, and when the sulphide ore collector is added in the roughing stage, the sulphide ore collector is divided into two parts which are respectively added in a front operation section and a rear operation section of the flotation machine. Specifically, the number of cells in the flotation machine is plural, and in this example, 7 cells are added to the 1 st cell and part of the collector is added to the 5 th cell. This is because if the collector is added at one time, the initial rate of flotation is increased, but the selectivity of roughing is reduced, the concentrate quality is affected, and most of the collector is scraped with the froth product from the front working stage, resulting in insufficient collector in the rear working stage and reduced concentrate recovery. The collector is respectively added in the front operation section and the rear operation section of the flotation machine for two times, so that the flotation speed can be controlled and adjusted, the concentrate quality is ensured, the concentrate recovery rate is improved, the effect of the collector is effectively exerted, the consumption of the collector is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
In the step, according to the dry ore quantity of the mixed flotation ore feeding, namely the overflow dry ore quantity after slag separation, 40-45 g of sulfide ore collecting agent is added per ton of dry ore in the front operation section of the flotation machine during roughing, 25-30 g of sulfide ore collecting agent is added per ton of dry ore in the rear operation section of the flotation machine during roughing, and 10-15 g of sulfide ore collecting agent is added per ton of dry ore in the scavenging stage.
3. Copper-sulfur separation-coarse-fine-sweeping
Adding coconut shell activated carbon into the concentrate obtained by the mixed flotation in the second step for removing the medicine, and entering a coarse-fine-sweeping process after the medicine removal. The method comprises the steps of rough concentration, scavenging, adding pyrite inhibitor and copper mineral collector, concentrating, adding pyrite inhibitor, concentrating the concentrate after secondary concentration, carrying out subsequent multiple concentration operations, and returning the secondary concentration tailings and the secondary scavenging concentrate to the secondary rough concentration operation.
In the step, 180-220 g of coconut shell activated carbon, 2500-3500 g of pyrite inhibitor and 25-35 g of copper mineral collector are added per ton of dry ore in the rough concentration stage, 1500-2500 g of pyrite inhibitor is added per ton of dry ore in the fine concentration stage, and 1500-2500 g of pyrite inhibitor and 10-20 g of copper mineral collector are added per ton of dry ore in the scavenging stage according to the dry ore amount of separation flotation feeding.
4. Copper-sulfur separation multiple concentration
And (3) sending the concentrate obtained in the step (III) into an overflow ball mill for ball milling, opening a path and wiping eluent, namely adding coconut shell activated carbon into the ball mill for grinding and removing the eluent, and then carrying out three-time concentration. Wherein, pyrite inhibitor and copper mineral collector are added in the first concentration in the third concentration, pyrite inhibitor is added in the second and third concentrations in the third concentration, and finally copper concentrate is obtained.
In the conventional process, the concentrated rough concentrate in the third step is classified and then sent to a ball mill for closed-circuit grinding, and the reagent removing operation is completely implemented in the previous process. The process leads to excessive grinding of part of minerals with larger granularity, increases grinding cost, and leads the fine-grained minerals to be directly sent to the next working procedure without grinding, thus having poor stripping effect. In the embodiment, the grinding and edging of minerals can be performed by adding the drug removing agent into the ball mill, all minerals can be ground, and the drug removing effect of residual liquid medicine is greatly improved due to the fact that the grinding work forms a state of wiping the drug removing agent, and the drug removing effect is greatly improved.
In the step, 150-200 g of coconut shell activated carbon, 750-1250 g of pyrite inhibitor and 8-12 g of copper mineral collector are added per ton of dry ore in the first concentration in the third concentration according to the dry ore amount calculation of the concentrate in the step III, and 400-600 g of pyrite inhibitor is added per ton of dry ore in the second concentration and the third concentration in the third concentration.
The specific values of the parameters such as the grinding granularity, the floatation times, the medicament dosage and the like can be adjusted and determined according to the properties of the ore by laboratory test results.
The process is designed reasonably aiming at the high-sulfur magnetite raw ore with copper grade of 0.02% -0.05%, and the mixed flotation and copper-sulfur separation of the beneficiation process are carried out, so that the optimal dosing ratio is screened out, the beneficiation effect is ensured, and meanwhile, the cost of each medicament is effectively reduced.
The copper and sulfur separation adopts a unique process of stage stripping-stage flotation, a small amount of stripping agent is added in roughing to carry out stripping, the foam viscosity is reduced, the subsequent sorting effect is improved, the grade is improved through roughing and primary concentration, the ore quantity is reduced, and then the concentrate after primary concentration is subjected to ball milling open-circuit stripping, so that on one hand, the stripping is more thorough, the interference of residual agent in copper and sulfur mixed flotation can be solved, and on the other hand, the ore quantity of secondary stripping is obviously reduced by adopting the mode, and the stripping cost can be reduced. The first coarse, the fourth fine and the first sweep of the copper-sulfur separation stage adopt a semi-concentrated-semi-sequential middling return mode, wherein the middling products of the second, third and fourth fine concentrates are concentrated and returned to the first fine concentrating operation, the grade of copper concentrate is more favorably ensured, the middlings of the first fine concentrating operation and the first scavenging operation still adopt a sequential return mode, the recovery rate of copper metal is improved as much as possible, and the copper grade, the enrichment ratio and the recovery rate of the finally obtained copper concentrate are greatly improved.
Secondly, for raw ores with extremely low copper content, the comprehensive utilization difficulty of copper is extremely high, and if the cost is too high, the economic value is difficult to generate. The invention creatively adopts coconut shell activated carbon for removing the medicine, and is matched with the process of removing the medicine in a stage, the adding amount of the activated carbon is 350-400 g/t, which is more than the effect of adding 1000-1200 g/t of the activated carbon in the roughing stage in the conventional process, compared with the conventional activated carbon and the conventional process, the dosage of the activated carbon is greatly reduced while the medicine is thoroughly removed, the production cost is greatly reduced, and the comprehensive utilization of the raw ore with extremely low grade copper is realized.
In addition, the stage flotation of the invention firstly carries out coarse-fine ore feeding grade preliminary improvement, then restores the fresh surface of ore pulp through ball milling open-circuit reagent removal, finally successfully improves the copper grade of the finally prepared copper concentrate to more than 17% through three times of concentration, improves the utilization rate of metal resources, and successfully solves the problem that the raw ore of the copper with extremely low grade is difficult to utilize, and has higher popularization value in the field of ore dressing.
The implementation and effect in a specific production are given below.
The copper-containing high-sulfur magnetite ore used in this example was taken from certain iron ore of Anhui, the results of the chemical multi-element analysis of raw ore are shown in Table 1, and the results of the chemical multi-element analysis of sulfur concentrate are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 1 results of chemical multi-element analysis of high-sulfur magnetite ore
| Assay item | TFe | SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | CaO | MgO |
| Content (%) | 34.52 | 16.54 | 4.24 | 10.14 | 1.98 |
| Cu | S | P | K 2 O | Na 2 O | / |
| 0.035 | 8.05 | 0.602 | 0.714 | 0.454 | / |
TABLE 2 chemical multi-element analysis results of sulfur concentrate (%)
| Assay item | TFe | SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | CaO | MgO |
| Content (%) | 40.96 | 5.24 | 1.20 | 1.99 | 0.67 |
| Cu | TS | ES | P | K 2 O | Na 2 O |
| 0.335 | 44.02 | 43.26 | 0.133 | 0.175 | 0.098 |
The specific process flow of this embodiment is shown in fig. 2, and includes the following steps:
1. classification of raw ore
The crushed high-sulfur magnetite ore (granularity is-12 mm) enters a ball mill for ore grinding, then enters a cyclone for classification, the classified sand setting of the cyclone returns to the ball mill to form a closed circuit, and the cyclone overflows to enter the subsequent sorting operation.
Wherein, the ball mill adopts an overflow ball mill (MQY and 4060 type), the cyclone adopts a hydrocyclone (FX 500 multiplied by 6), and the overflow granularity of the cyclone is controlled to be-0.076 mm.
2. Copper-sulfur mixed flotation
And (3) performing copper-sulfur separation and mixed flotation after overflow slag separation of the cyclone in the step one, wherein mixed flotation tailings enter subsequent iron separation operation, and mixed flotation concentrate enters subsequent copper-sulfur separation and flotation.
Wherein, separate the sediment and adopt the linear vibration sieve, the sieve mesh size is 4mm. The mixed flotation adopts one roughing, two fine selection and one scavenging. One roughing and one scavenging are both carried out by adopting an inflatable mechanical stirring flotation machine (CLF-30), and two refining are carried out by adopting an inflatable mechanical stirring flotation machine (CLF-16).
MK-306 is adopted in the mixed flotation as a high-efficiency collector of sulphide ores, and the mixed flotation has foaming performance and does not need to add foaming agents. According to the dry ore amount of the mixed flotation ore feeding, the rough flotation collector is added in a segmented mode, the MK-306 dosage of the front operation section of the flotation machine is 45g/t, the MK-306 dosage of the rear operation section of the flotation machine is 30g/t, and the MK-306 dosage of the scavenging stage is 15g/t. g/t represents how much gram of medicament is added per ton of dry ore of the mixed flotation feed.
3. Copper-sulfur separation-coarse-fine-sweeping
And (3) adding the mixed flotation concentrate in the second step into coconut shell activated carbon for removing the chemicals, performing copper-sulfur separation, coarse separation, fine separation and scavenging, wherein the primary scavenging tailings are sulfur concentrate, and performing subsequent repeated concentration operation on the primary concentrate. The primary tailings and the primary scavenging concentrate are sequentially returned to the copper-sulfur separation roughing operation.
Wherein, one roughing, one selecting and one scavenging all adopt an inflatable mechanical stirring flotation machine (CLF-16).
The separation flotation adopts coconut shell activated carbon as a stripping agent, lime is an inhibitor of pyrite, and C330 is a copper mineral collector. According to the dry ore quantity of separation flotation ore feeding, namely the dry ore quantity of the concentrated concentrate in the second step, the dosage of coconut shell activated carbon is 200g/t of ore feeding, and the method is only used for separation roughing; lime dosage: coarse sorting is 3000g/t, one-time fine sorting is 2000g/t, and one-time scavenging is 2000g/t; collector C330 usage: rough selection is 30g/t, and one-time scavenging is 15g/t. g/t represents how much gram of medicament is added per ton of dry ore separated from flotation feed.
4. Copper-sulfur separation multiple concentration
Copper and sulfur separation the concentrate is first concentrated and ball-milled, the open-circuit and the eluent is cleaned by adopting an overflow ball mill (MQY model 2130).
The tailings after three copper-sulfur separation and concentration are concentrated and returned to the copper-sulfur separation and concentration operation for one time by adopting an inflatable mechanical stirring flotation machine (CLF-4).
Lime is adopted as inhibitor of pyrite in separation flotation, and the dry ore quantity of concentrate is calculated according to the third step, and the dosage of activated carbon is calculated in the third step: selecting 180g/t for the first time; lime dosage: 1000g/t for the first time, 500g/t for the second time and 500g/t for the third time; the amount of collector: first selecting 10g/t. g/t indicates how much gram of agent is added per ton of dry ore of concentrate of step three.
The invention adopts the inventive ore dressing process and the flotation reagent, thereby realizing the comprehensive utilization of the extremely low-grade high-sulfur magnetite ore. The embodiment shows that under the conditions that the copper content of raw ore is only 0.035 percent and the copper content of sulfur concentrate is only 0.335 percent, the invention combines the stage stripping, carries out stage flotation, firstly improves the grade of the sulfur concentrate from 0.335 percent to 1.95 percent through 1 coarse and 1 fine primary enrichment, and the enrichment ratio of the 1 st stage is 5.96; the fresh surface of ore pulp is recovered through removing the drugs, and then concentrated for 2, 3 and 4 times, the grade of concentrate is improved to 17.04%, the enrichment ratio of the 2 nd stage is 8.74, and the total enrichment ratio is 52.09. The method successfully obtains the copper concentrate with the copper grade of 17.04 percent, and the enrichment ratio of the copper concentrate to the sulfur concentrate is up to 52 times (the enrichment ratio of the copper of the high-sulfur magnetite crude ore is up to nearly 500 times). The conventional copper separation adopts continuous flotation, and researches show that the conventional continuous flotation adopts a 1 coarse and 4 fine process, so that the same high-sulfur magnetite ore is separated, and the concentrate grade can only reach 4.05%. Because each stage in the actual production is closely connected and continuous, the technical difficulty of creating the invention is extremely high, the invention is a creative labor result, and unexpected technical effects are obtained.
The examples of the present invention are merely for describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the spirit and scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should make various changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A mineral separation method of high-sulfur magnetite ore of low-grade copper comprises the following steps:
1. classification of raw ore
Crushing and grinding the high-sulfur magnet raw ore, feeding the crushed and ground high-sulfur magnet raw ore into a cyclone, and enabling overflow obtained by working of the cyclone to enter subsequent sorting operation; the iron grade of the high-sulfur magnet raw ore is 30% -40%, the sulfur grade is 3.0% -6.0%, and the copper grade is 0.02% -0.05%;
2. copper-sulfur mixed flotation
Adding a sulfide ore collector into the overflow in the first step for separation and mixed flotation, carrying out subsequent iron separation operation on the mixed flotation tailings, and carrying out subsequent copper-sulfur separation flotation on the mixed flotation concentrate;
in the roughing stage of the step, the sulfide ore collector is divided into two parts, and the sulfide ore collector is respectively added in a front operation section and a rear operation section of flotation equipment;
according to the dry ore quantity calculation of the mixed flotation feeding, 40-45 g of sulfide ore collecting agent is added per ton of dry ore in the front operation section of the flotation equipment during roughing, 25-30 g of sulfide ore collecting agent is added per ton of dry ore in the rear operation section of the flotation equipment during roughing, and 10-15 g of sulfide ore collecting agent is added per ton of dry ore in the scavenging stage;
3. copper-sulfur separation-coarse-fine-sweeping
Removing the drugs from the bulk flotation concentrate in the second step, and then feeding the bulk flotation concentrate into a rough concentration process and a fine concentration process, wherein a pyrite inhibitor and a copper mine collecting agent are added in rough concentration and scavenging, a pyrite inhibitor is added in fine concentration, the concentrate after the fine concentration is subjected to a plurality of subsequent fine concentration operations, and the fine concentration tailings and the scavenging concentrate return to the rough concentration operation;
in the third step, 2500-3500 g of pyrite inhibitor and 25-35 g of copper mineral collector are added per ton of dry ore in the rough concentration stage according to the amount of dry ore fed by separation flotation, 1500-2500 g of pyrite inhibitor and 10-20 g of copper mineral collector are added per ton of dry ore in the fine concentration stage;
4. copper-sulfur separation multiple concentration
Ball milling, open-circuit wiping and eluting the concentrated concentrate in the third step, and then carrying out three times of concentration, wherein a pyrite inhibitor and a copper mineral collector are added in the first concentration in the three times of concentration, and a pyrite inhibitor is added in the second and third times of concentration in the three times of concentration, so that copper concentrate is finally obtained;
and step four, according to the dry ore quantity calculation of the concentrate selected in the step three, adding 750-1250 g of pyrite inhibitor and 8-12 g of copper mineral collector into each ton of dry ore in the first time of fine selection in the step three, and adding 400-600 g of pyrite inhibitor into each ton of dry ore in the second time of fine selection and the third time of fine selection in the step three.
2. The beneficiation method for the high-sulfur magnetite ore with low-grade copper, according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the second step, the specific process of the mixed flotation is as follows: adding a sulfide ore collector into the overflow in the first step for roughing, and carrying out twice concentration on rough concentrate obtained by roughing, so that the obtained mixed flotation concentrate is subjected to subsequent copper-sulfur separation flotation; and adding a sulphide ore collector into tailings obtained by roughing for scavenging, and performing subsequent iron separation operation on the obtained mixed flotation tailings.
3. The beneficiation method for the high-sulfur magnetite ore with low-grade copper, according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the second step, the overflow in the first step is separated from slag and then mixed flotation is carried out.
4. The beneficiation method for the high-sulfur magnetite ore with low-grade copper, according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the fourth step, tailings after three times of concentration are intensively returned to the concentration operation of the third step for reprocessing.
5. A process for beneficiation of low-grade copper high-sulfur magnetite ore according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: and in the third step and the fourth step, the coconut shell activated carbon is added for removing the medicine.
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