CN113340785B - Multifunctional visual cylindrical surface crack penetration device and use method thereof - Google Patents
Multifunctional visual cylindrical surface crack penetration device and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a multifunctional visual cylindrical surface fracture penetration device, which comprises: the device comprises a cylindrical surface crack permeameter, an acquisition and analysis unit and a gas-liquid supply unit; the cylindrical surface crack permeameter comprises an inner cylinder and a transparent outer cylinder; the cylindrical space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder is a cylindrical surface crack which is used for simulating a rock body crack; the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of pressure sensors along the height direction; the inner cylinder can be adjusted in position relative to the outer cylinder; when the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are coaxial, the cylindrical surface crack is a parallel plate crack; when the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are not coaxial, the cylindrical surface crack is a crack with gradually changed gap width; the gas-liquid supply unit can inject fluid into the cylindrical surface crack, transmit pressure data in the cylindrical surface crack through the pressure sensor, transmit flow speed data when the fluid is input through the flow sensor, and perform state adjustment according to data processing. Therefore, the seepage conditions under different fracture conditions are simulated, the structure is simple, the osmotic pressure difference is high, and the deformation is small.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a multifunctional visual cylindrical surface crack penetration device and a using method thereof.
Background
Rock is a porous medium with a complex pore-fracture structure, where the pore structure is the main storage space for fluids and the fracture structure is the main flow space for fluids, and thus the fracture structure is the main influencing factor for the permeability characteristics of rock. The single fracture is a basic element forming a rock fracture network, and the permeability characteristic of the rock is closely related to the geometrical characteristics of the rock, such as opening degree, roughness, filling property and the like. Therefore, the seepage state in the complex engineering rock body needs to be predicted by starting from the seepage characteristic of a single crack surface.
The fracture in the rock can be approximately regarded as a parallel fracture, and the existing single-fracture permeameter adopts two parallel flat plates to clamp the fracture to simulate a natural single fracture and perform research, but the existing single-fracture permeameter has many defects, such as poor sealing, low experimental osmotic pressure difference, single function, complex installation, change of fracture opening caused by compression and bulging, and the like.
In fact, the real section of the fracture in the rock is in a fusiform shape with a wide middle and narrow sides, and the smaller the size of the fracture is, the more the influence of the change of the width of the fracture on the permeability of the fracture is, the more the influence cannot be ignored. The existing plane-shaped single-crack permeameter cannot simulate the crack with gradually changed gap width, so a new structure of a permeameter is needed to solve the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art, and provides a multifunctional visual cylindrical surface crack penetration device which is good in sealing performance, capable of simulating different cracks, simple and convenient to install, large in penetration pressure difference and small in deformation.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multifunctional visualization cylindrical fracture penetration device, comprising: the cylindrical surface crack permeameter comprises an inner cylinder and a transparent outer cylinder; a through cylindrical surface crack is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder; the cylindrical surface fracture permeameter is configured to inject fluid into the cylindrical surface fracture and simulate a rock fracture through the cylindrical surface fracture for a seepage experiment;
the acquisition and analysis unit is used for detecting pressure data of the fluid in the cylindrical surface fracture and the flow velocity of the fluid; and
the gas-liquid supply unit is used for supplying fluid to the cylindrical surface fracture permeameter and adjusting the pressure and the flow rate of the fluid;
the fluid is a gas or a liquid.
Further, the outer cylinder can be adjusted in position relative to the inner cylinder; when the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are coaxial, the cylindrical surface crack is a parallel plate crack; when the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are not coaxial, the cylindrical surface crack is a crack with gradually changed gap width.
Further, the cylindrical surface fracture permeameter also comprises a top cover plate and a water guide positioning plate; the top cover plate is coaxially and hermetically fixed at the top end of the outer barrel; the water guide positioning disc is coaxially and hermetically fixed at the top end of the inner cylinder; the top cover plate and the water guide positioning plate are in sliding fit and are in sealing connection through bolts; and a plurality of water guide grooves communicated with the cylindrical surface cracks are arranged on the water guide positioning plate.
Furthermore, 2 strip-shaped hole grooves and 2T-shaped grooves which are centrosymmetric and parallel are also arranged on the water guide positioning plate; 2 pin shafts and a plurality of mounting holes are arranged on the top cover plate in a central symmetry manner; the bolt is a T-shaped bolt, and the T-shaped bolt penetrates through the mounting hole and is hermetically connected to the top cover plate through a combined washer and a nut; the T-shaped bolt can slide in the T-shaped groove; the pin shaft can slide in the long strip hole groove.
Furthermore, the cylindrical surface crack permeameter also comprises a water inlet pipe fixed on the base; the water inlet pipe penetrates through the inner barrel and is hermetically arranged at the central position of the water guide positioning disc, the water inlet pipe is communicated with the water guide groove, a water inlet is arranged below the water inlet pipe, a water collecting groove is hermetically arranged above the water inlet, and a water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the water collecting groove; the sump is configured to collect liquid seeping from the lower end of the cylindrical crevice.
Furthermore, a flow state indicator with a valve is arranged above the top cover plate, one end of the flow state indicator is communicated with the water inlet pipe, and the other end of the flow state indicator is communicated with the cylindrical surface crack; the flow indicator contains a colored liquid or powder pigment.
Further, the data acquisition and analysis unit comprises a computer and a data acquisition instrument; the data acquisition instrument receives pressure data in the cylindrical surface fracture through a pressure sensor and receives flow speed data of the fluid through a flow sensor; the computer is capable of processing data provided by the data acquisition instrument (202); the pressure sensors are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the inner barrel along the height direction of the inner barrel.
Further, the gas-liquid supply unit comprises a gas cylinder with a pressure reducing valve, a hydraulic pump with an overflow valve, the gas cylinder is configured to provide gas to the cylindrical fissure permeameter; the hydraulic pump is configured to provide a liquid to the cylindrical fracture permeameter.
The invention also provides a use method of the multifunctional visual cylindrical surface crack penetration device, and the multifunctional visual cylindrical surface crack penetration device is adopted, and the use method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the requirements of researching the shape and the width of the crack, selecting a proper inner cylinder, and adjusting the relative position of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder to form a cylindrical surface gap; the cylindrical surface gap is a parallel plate gap or a gap width gradual change gap;
step two: the fluid enters the cylindrical surface fracture, and a simulated penetration experiment of the rock mass fracture is carried out;
step three: adjusting the flow velocity of the fluid according to data fed back by the pressure sensor and the flow sensor; the flow velocity is adjusted from small to large and then from large to small; and 3-5 times of flow velocity adjustment processes need to be circulated repeatedly, and the numerical values of the pressure sensors at different flow velocities are recorded to obtain the pressure distribution rule of the fluid in the cylindrical surface fracture.
Further, the second step further includes: using a flow state indicator, pressing colored liquid or powdery pigment in the flow state indicator into the cylindrical surface crack by the pressure difference at two ends of the flow state indicator, observing the flowing condition of fluid in the cylindrical surface crack, and judging the seepage state of the fluid in the cylindrical surface crack; the percolation state is laminar, turbulent or transitional.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by changing the parallel plate crack structure into the cylindrical surface crack structure, the sealing stress area is greatly reduced, and higher osmotic pressure difference can be provided for a single crack permeation test.
2. In the experiment, the crack surface of the parallel plate crack permeameter can be simplified into the problem of stress deformation of a thin plate fixedly supported on four sides under the action of uniform force, and finally a non-parallel crack with a large middle gap and a small peripheral gap is formed, so that the error is large; the crack surface of the cylindrical surface crack permeameter with the cylindrical surface crack structure can be simplified into the problem of stress deformation of the thin-wall cylinder in the experiment, so that the crack width increment is small, the crack is still a parallel crack after deformation, and the experiment error is reduced.
3. The crack is formed by adopting an inner sleeve structure and an outer sleeve structure, the sealing pressure is small, only the inner cylinder needs to be replaced when the crack width is changed, the inner cylinder structure is in threaded connection, and compared with the bolt connection of a flat crack permeameter, the crack permeameter is simple and convenient to install and has a better sealing effect.
4. The outer barrel is made of organic glass or toughened glass, so that the seepage process is visual, and the experimental phenomenon is convenient to observe.
5. The flow state indicator is additionally arranged, so that whether the seepage state is Darcy seepage can be directly observed and judged without calculation, transition of laminar flow and turbulent flow states of the fluid can be demonstrated, and the application range of the cubic law can be discussed.
6. The function of changing the gap width can be realized by selecting inner cylinders with different sizes; the relative position relationship between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder can be changed by adjusting the position between the water guide positioning disc and the top cover plate to form an eccentric state, so that the function of converting the crack from a parallel plate crack to a crack with gradually changed crack width can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the installation and use of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of different positions of the simulated fracture of FIG. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the water guide positioning plate of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the top cover plate of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view illustrating the installation of the water guide positioning plate and the top cover plate according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the change of deflection of a slab fracture permeameter.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the radius increment of cylindrical fracture penetration.
FIG. 9 is a schematic of the sealing pressure of the slab fracture permeameter.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the sealing pressure for cylindrical fracture penetration.
Wherein: 100. a cylindrical surface fracture permeameter; 101. a flow state indicator; 102. a top cover plate; 103. a water guide positioning disc; 104. an outer cylinder; 105. an inner barrel; 106. a water inlet pipe; 107. a water collection tank; 108. a base; 109. a bolt; 200. a data acquisition and analysis unit; 201. a computer; 202. a data acquisition instrument; 203. a pressure sensor; 204. a flow sensor; 300. a gas-liquid supply unit; 301. a pressure reducing valve; 302. a gas cylinder; 303. an overflow valve; 304. a hydraulic pump; 102-1, mounting holes; 102-2, a pin shaft; 103-1, a water chute; 103-2, long strip hole grooves; 103-3, T-shaped groove.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings, which are based on the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings, and are used for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a multifunctional visualized cylindrical fracture penetration apparatus, comprising: the cylindrical surface crack permeameter 100, the collection and analysis unit 200 and the gas-liquid supply unit 300. Wherein, the cylindrical surface crack permeameter 100 comprises an inner cylinder 105 and a transparent outer cylinder 104; a through cylindrical crack is formed between the outer cylinder 104 and the inner cylinder 105; the cylindrical surface fracture permeameter 100 can inject fluid into the cylindrical surface fracture and simulate the rock mass fracture through the cylindrical surface fracture to perform a seepage experiment; the collecting and analyzing unit 200 is used for detecting pressure data of fluid in the cylindrical fracture and flow rate of the fluid; a gas-liquid supply unit 300 for supplying a fluid to the cylindrical fracture permeameter 100 and adjusting a pressure and a flow rate of the fluid; the fluid here is a gas or a liquid.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the outer cylinder 104 can be adjusted in position relative to the inner cylinder 105; when the outer cylinder 104 and the inner cylinder 105 are coaxial, the cylindrical surface crack is a parallel plate crack; when the outer barrel 104 and the inner barrel 105 are not coaxial, the cylindrical crevice is a gradual gap width crevice.
As an embodiment of the invention, the cylindrical fissure permeameter 100 further comprises a top cover plate 102 and a water-guiding positioning plate 103; the top cover plate 102 is coaxially and hermetically fixed at the top end of the outer cylinder 104; the water guide positioning disc 103 is coaxially and hermetically fixed at the top end of the inner cylinder 105; the top cover plate 102 and the water guide positioning plate 103 are in sliding fit and are connected in a sealing mode through bolts 109; the water guiding positioning plate 103 is provided with a plurality of water guiding grooves 103-1 communicated with the cylindrical cracks, so that the cylindrical cracks between the outer cylinder 104 and the inner cylinder 105 can be adjusted by pushing the outer cylinder 104.
Preferably, 2 long strip hole grooves 103-2 and 2T-shaped grooves 103-3 which are centrosymmetric and parallel are further arranged on the water guide positioning plate 103; the top cover plate 102 is centrally and symmetrically provided with 2 pin shafts 102-2 and a plurality of mounting holes 102-1; the bolt 109 is a T-bolt which passes through the mounting hole 102-1 and is hermetically connected to the top cover plate 102 through a combined washer and nut; the T-shaped bolt can slide in the T-shaped groove 103-3; the pin 102-2 is able to slide within the elongated slot 103-2.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the cylindrical fracture permeameter 100 further comprises a water inlet tube 106 fixed to the base 108; the water inlet pipe 106 penetrates through the inner cylinder 105 and is hermetically arranged at the central position of the water guide positioning disc 103, the water inlet pipe 106 is communicated with the water guide groove 103-1, a water inlet is arranged below the water inlet pipe 106, a water collection groove 107 is hermetically arranged above the water inlet, and a water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the water collection groove 107; the sump 107 is used to collect liquid that seeps out of the lower end of the cylindrical crevice.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a flow state indicator 101 with a valve is disposed above the top cover plate 102, one end of the flow state indicator 101 is communicated with the water inlet pipe 106, and the other end is communicated with the cylindrical surface crack; the flow indicator 101 contains a colored liquid or a powdered pigment inside. When the fluid is liquid, the flow state indicator 101 is filled with colored liquid; when gas is used as the fluid, the flow indicator 101 contains powdered paint.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the data acquisition and analysis unit 200 includes a computer 201 and a data acquisition instrument 202; the data acquisition instrument 202 receives pressure data in the cylindrical fractures through a pressure sensor 203 and receives flow speed data of fluid through a flow sensor 204; the computer 201 can process the data provided by the data acquisition instrument 202; the pressure sensors 203 are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 105 along the height direction of the inner cylinder 105.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the gas-liquid supply unit 300 includes a gas cylinder 302 with a pressure reducing valve 301, a hydraulic pump 304 with an overflow valve 303, the gas cylinder 302 being used to supply gas to the cylindrical fracture permeameter 100; the hydraulic pump 304 is used to provide fluid to the cylindrical fracture permeameter 100.
It should be noted that the computer 201 can also perform an indicating function, and the experimenter can adjust the flow rate and pressure of the fluid by adjusting the valve in the gas-liquid supply unit according to the data to achieve the required flow rate and pressure.
As an embodiment of the present invention, based on the above, a flow state indicator 101 with a valve is disposed above the top cover plate 102, one end of the flow state indicator 101 is communicated with the water inlet pipe 106, and the other end is communicated with the cylindrical surface crack; the flow indicator 101 is used to hold a colored liquid. The flow state indicator 101 here may be a pressure tank; the flow indicator 101 may be a stainless steel tube in communication with the inlet pipe 106 and a capillary stainless steel tube in communication with the cylindrical crevice.
The invention also provides a use method of the multifunctional visual cylindrical surface crack penetration device, and the multifunctional visual cylindrical surface crack penetration device is adopted, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the requirements of researching the shape and the width of the fissure, selecting a proper inner cylinder 105, and adjusting the relative position of the outer cylinder 104 and the inner cylinder 105 to form a cylindrical surface gap; the cylindrical surface gap is a parallel plate gap or a gap width gradual change gap;
step two: the fluid enters the cylindrical surface fracture to simulate the rock body fracture;
step three: adjusting the flow rate of the fluid according to the feedback data transmitted by the pressure sensor 203 and the flow sensor 204; the flow velocity is adjusted from small to large and then from large to small; and 3-5 times of flow rate adjustment processes need to be circulated repeatedly, and the numerical values of the pressure sensors 203 at different flow rates are recorded to obtain the pressure distribution rule of the fluid in the cylindrical surface fracture.
The invention also provides a use method of the other multifunctional visual cylindrical surface crack penetration device, which specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the requirements of researching the shape and the width of a crack, a water guide positioning disc 103 and an inner cylinder 105 with proper sizes are selected, and all parts of the invention are connected in a sealing way;
step two: closing the valve on the flow indicator 101, adding pigment to the flow indicator 101, and mounting on the top cover plate 102;
step three: opening the data acquisition and analysis unit 200, opening the hydraulic pump 304 or the gas tank 302, allowing the fluid to enter the water inlet pipe 106 through the flow sensor 204, then enter the cylindrical surface crack from the water guiding groove 103-1 above the water guiding positioning disc 103, seep out from the lower end of the cylindrical surface crack, and be collected and discharged by the water collecting groove 107;
step four: opening a valve on the flow state indicator 101, observing the flowing condition of the color pigment in the cylindrical surface crack through the outer cylinder 104, manually adjusting an overflow valve 303 or a gas reducing valve 301 according to the flowing condition of the pigment and pressure and flow rate data fed back by the data acquisition instrument 202, processing the data by the computer 201, and then adjusting the flow rate of the fluid by an experimenter according to the data displayed by the computer 201, wherein the flow rate needs to be adjusted from small to large, and then adjusting the flow rate from large to small and repeatedly circulating for three to five times, and then recording the numerical values of each pressure sensor 203 under different flow rates and the flowing condition of the color pigment in the cylindrical surface crack to obtain the pressure distribution rule of the fluid in the cylindrical surface crack under different Reynolds numbers; the color pigment is a liquid or powder pigment with color in the flow indicator 101.
Step five: the valve on the flow indicator 101 is closed and the hydraulic pump 304 or the gas tank 302 is shut off after the color pigments in the cylindrical crack have run out.
The process of adjusting the position between the outer barrel 104 and the inner barrel 105 in the invention is as follows: the top cover plate 102 is pushed, the top cover plate 102 slides on the water guide positioning disc 103 through the T-shaped bolt, and when the pin shaft 102-2 on the top cover plate 102 moves to two limit size positions of the long strip hole groove 103-2 on the water guide positioning disc 103, the pin shaft and the pin shaft respectively correspond to the outer cylinder 104 and the inner cylinder 105 to be coaxial and non-coaxial.
It should be understood that although the fracture network in the rock is three-dimensionally distributed, the seepage of the fluid in a single fracture can be simplified into one-dimensional seepage, while the seepage in a curved fracture can also be multidimensional seepage, but the seepage along the axial direction in a cylindrical fracture is also one-dimensional seepage, so that the one-dimensional seepage in the plane and the one-dimensional seepage along the axial direction of the cylindrical surface are essentially the same flow state, and it is feasible to convert the plane single-fracture seepage into the cylindrical fracture seepage.
Therefore, the rock body crack is modeled by the cylindrical surface crack between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the cylindrical surface crack can be adjusted to meet different simulation requirements, such as simulation of parallel cracks or unparallel cracks. Parallel fractures are simulated by parallel plate fractures, non-parallel fractures are simulated by fractures with gradually changing widths. The single function of the traditional parallel plate crack is functionally broken through, the deformation of the cylindrical surface gap is reduced by utilizing the stability of the cylindrical structure, higher osmotic pressure difference is provided for a single crack permeation test, and the accuracy of experimental data is ensured. Meanwhile, by using the flow indicator 101, colored liquid or powdery pigment in the flow indicator 101 enters the cylindrical surface cracks, and the seepage state of the fluid in the cylindrical surface cracks can be judged by observing the flowing condition of the fluid in the cylindrical surface cracks; for example, when the seepage state is laminar flow, the color pigment is in linear seepage; when the seepage state is turbulent flow, the color pigment is in diffusive seepage; or transition stage, where transition is in view of laminar to turbulent flow, or turbulent to laminar flow.
In addition, all parts of the invention are strictly sealed and installed, and besides the seepage from the lower end of the cylindrical surface crack, the seepage of fluid from other places in the experimental simulation process is ensured.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
1. gap width increment optimization
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the cover plate of the flat-plate crack permeameter is simplified to the deformation problem of the statically indeterminate beam under the action of uniform force, and the outer sleeve of the cylindrical crack permeameter is simplified to the deformation problem of the thin-wall cylinder under force. Wherein a = π d.
As shown in fig. 7, the deflection equation of the slab fracture permeameter is:
as shown in fig. 8, the increment of radius of the cylindrical fracture permeameter is:
therefore, the gap width increment ratio of the flat plate crack permeameter to the cylindrical crack permeameter is as follows:
for example, with a cover plate dimension of a width a =200mm, a length l =1000mm, and a thickness b =20mm, the cylindrical surface slit width increase is only less than 1% of the slab slit width increase.
2. Seal pressure optimization
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, according to darcy's law, the osmotic pressure in the crack is linearly distributed along the flow direction, and the pressure analysis is performed on the sealing pressure of the cover plate of the parallel plate permeameter and the sealing of the barrel-shaped structure. Wherein a = π d.
As shown in fig. 9, the equation of the sealing pressure of the slab fracture permeameter is:
as shown in fig. 10, the sealing pressure equation of the cylindrical slit permeameter is:
F 2 ＝pat
therefore, the sealing pressure ratio of the flat plate crack permeameter to the cylindrical surface crack permeameter is comparatively:
for example, the crack size with width a =200mm, length l =1000mm and gap width t =1mm, the sealing pressure required by the cylindrical crack permeameter is only 2% o of the sealing pressure required by the parallel plate permeameter.
In conclusion, the invention can obtain good sealing effect and has small experimental error.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The above-described embodiments of the invention are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims, and not by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-functional visual cylindrical surface crack infiltration apparatus, comprising:
a cylindrical fracture permeameter (100) comprising an inner barrel (105) and a transparent outer barrel (104); a through cylindrical crack is formed between the outer cylinder (104) and the inner cylinder (105); the cylindrical fracture permeameter (100) is configured to inject fluid into the cylindrical fracture and simulate a rock fracture through the cylindrical fracture for a seepage experiment; the outer cylinder (104) is capable of being adjusted in position relative to the inner cylinder (105); when the outer cylinder (104) and the inner cylinder (105) are not coaxial, the cylindrical surface crack is a crack with gradually changed gap width;
the acquisition and analysis unit (200) is used for detecting pressure data of the fluid in the cylindrical fracture and the flow velocity of the fluid; and
a gas-liquid supply unit (300) for supplying a fluid to the cylindrical surface fracture permeameter (100) and adjusting a pressure and a flow rate of the fluid;
a top cover plate (102) and a water guide positioning plate (103); the top cover plate (102) is coaxially and hermetically fixed at the top end of the outer cylinder (104); the water guide positioning disc (103) is coaxially and hermetically fixed at the top end of the inner cylinder (105); the top cover plate (102) and the water guide positioning plate (103) are in sliding fit and are in sealing connection through bolts (109); a plurality of water chutes (103-1) communicated with the cylindrical surface crack are formed in the water guide positioning plate (103);
2 long strip-shaped hole grooves (103-2) and 2T-shaped grooves (103-3) which are centrosymmetric and parallel are also arranged on the water guide positioning plate (103); 2 pin shafts (102-2) and a plurality of mounting holes (102-1) are arranged on the top cover plate (102) in a central symmetry manner; the bolt (109) is a T-shaped bolt which penetrates through the mounting hole (102-1) and is connected to the top cover plate (102) in a sealing mode through a combined washer and nut; the T-shaped bolt can slide in the T-shaped groove (103-3); the pin shaft (102-2) can slide in the long strip hole groove (103-2);
the fluid is a gas or a liquid.
2. The multifunctional visualization cylinder slit penetration apparatus of claim 1, wherein the cylinder slit penetration apparatus (100) further comprises a water inlet pipe (106) fixed to a base (108); the water inlet pipe (106) penetrates through the inner barrel (105) and is arranged at the center of the water guide positioning disc (103) in a sealing mode, the water inlet pipe (106) is communicated with the water guide groove (103-1), a water inlet is formed in the lower portion of the water inlet pipe (106), a water collecting groove (107) is formed in the upper portion of the water inlet in a sealing mode, and a water outlet is formed in the bottom of the water collecting groove (107); the sump (107) is configured to collect liquid seeping from the lower end of the cylindrical crevice.
3. The multifunctional visualization cylindrical fracture penetration device according to claim 2, wherein a flow state indicator (101) with a valve is arranged above the top cover plate (102), one end of the flow state indicator (101) is communicated with the water inlet pipe (106), and the other end is communicated with the cylindrical fracture; the flow state indicator (101) contains liquid or powder pigment with color inside.
4. The multifunctional visualization cylindrical fracture infiltration apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the data acquisition and analysis unit (200) comprises a computer (201) and a data acquisition instrument (202); the data acquisition instrument (202) receives pressure data within the cylindrical fracture via a pressure sensor (203) and flow rate data for the fluid via a flow sensor (204); the computer (201) is capable of processing data provided by the data acquisition instrument (202); the pressure sensors (203) are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the inner barrel (105) along the height direction of the inner barrel (105).
5. The multifunctional visualization cylindrical crevice penetration apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the gas-liquid supply unit (300) comprises a gas cylinder (302) with a pressure reducing valve (301), a hydraulic pump (304) with a relief valve (303), the gas cylinder (302) being configured to provide gas to the cylindrical crevice permeameter (100); the hydraulic pump (304) is configured to provide a liquid to the cylindrical fracture permeameter (100).
6. The use method of the multifunctional visualization cylindrical surface crack penetration device, which is adopted by the multifunctional visualization cylindrical surface crack penetration device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the requirements of researching the shape and the width of the crack, selecting a proper inner cylinder (105), and adjusting the relative position of the outer cylinder (104) and the inner cylinder (105) to form a cylindrical surface gap; the cylindrical surface gap is a parallel plate gap or a gap width gradually-changing gap;
step two: the fluid enters the cylindrical surface crack, and a simulated permeation experiment of the rock body crack is carried out;
step three: adjusting the flow rate of the fluid according to the data fed back by the pressure sensor (203) and the flow sensor (204); the flow velocity is adjusted from small to large and then from large to small; and 3-5 times of flow rate adjustment processes need to be circulated repeatedly, and the numerical values of the pressure sensors (203) at different flow rates are recorded to obtain the pressure distribution rule of the fluid in the cylindrical surface fracture.
7. The use method according to claim 6, wherein the second step further comprises: using a flow indicator (101), pressing colored liquid or powdery pigment in the flow indicator (101) into the cylindrical surface crack by the pressure difference between two ends of the flow indicator (101), observing the flowing condition of fluid in the cylindrical surface crack, and judging the seepage state of the fluid in the cylindrical surface crack; the percolation state is laminar, turbulent or transitional.
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