CN113340563B - Test method for dynamic extinction ratio of acousto-optic modulator - Google Patents
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/30—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides
- G01M11/33—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides with a light emitter being disposed at one fibre or waveguide end-face, and a light receiver at the other end-face
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Abstract
The invention provides test equipment for dynamic extinction ratio of an acousto-optic modulator, which comprises a laser (1), an isolator (2), an acousto-optic driver (3), an acousto-optic modulator (4), a laser amplifying module (5), an optical circulator (6), a coupler (7), a detector (8), a digital-analog converter (9) and a dynamic extinction ratio analysis module (10). The invention also provides a test method of the dynamic extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator. The test equipment of the dynamic extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator provided by the invention obtains the intensity amplitude values of the main pulse and the secondary pulse by using a beat frequency method, and calculates the dynamic extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator through a formula; the method can measure the numerical value of the dynamic extinction ratio, can measure the dynamic extinction ratio at any distance gate, and is favorable for screening out devices with high dynamic extinction ratio in advance, so that an acousto-optic modulator with high dynamic extinction ratio can be used in a Doppler laser wind-finding radar system, noise interference generated by secondary pulse signal light is reduced, the signal-to-noise ratio of emitted laser is improved, meanwhile, blind areas can be reduced, and calculation and processing of wind field information by a radar system are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a method for testing dynamic extinction ratio of an acousto-optic modulator, and belongs to the technical field of detection methods.
Background
Doppler lidar is increasingly used in the military and meteorological fields. The coherent Doppler laser radar obtains Doppler frequency shift of scattered signals by utilizing aerosol backward scattered signals and beat frequency signals of local oscillation light, so that wind speed information is obtained. The magnitude of the frequency shift is usually obtained by adopting an edge detection method, but the method can only judge the absolute value of the frequency shift and can not judge the direction of the frequency shift, so people often add fixed frequency shift to a measuring light path to realize the method.
Acousto-optic modulators are becoming increasingly widely used due to their small size, ease of installation, and the like. The optical fiber acousto-optic modulator mainly comprises an acousto-optic device, an optical fiber coupling system and a driver. The basic structure of the acousto-optic device comprises an acoustic-optic transducer and an acousto-optic interaction medium, and then an electrode layer, a bonding layer, a sound absorber and the like. The radio frequency electric power signal is applied to the piezoelectric transducer, the electric signal is converted into a corresponding ultrasonic signal through the piezoelectric effect and is transmitted into the acousto-optic interaction medium, a refractive index grating corresponding to the frequency of the electric signal is formed in the acousto-optic interaction medium, and when light passes through the medium in a specific direction, the interaction of the sound and the light is generated in the acousto-optic medium, so that light diffraction is formed, as shown in fig. 1. The switching control of the optical signal can be achieved by modulating the driving electrical signal, as shown in fig. 2.
The extinction ratio of an acousto-optic modulator refers to the ratio of the optimal diffraction intensity of the device in the "on" state to the 0 th order stray intensity in the "off" state in the direction of the first order diffracted light. In the existing technology for measuring the extinction ratio of an acousto-optic modulator, the static extinction ratio is often used as a main attention index, and substrate noise of output light is restrained by improving the static extinction ratio. If the dynamic extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator of the Doppler laser radar is low, the emitted pulse light signal is leaked, so that the aerosol backward scattered light received by the radar also has the component of the sub-pulse, then the sub-pulse and the local oscillation light beat frequency are processed by the system, the leaked sub-pulse and the local oscillation light beat frequency part form a sub-peak on the time domain signal, which is equivalent to noise, and the calculation of wind speed information by the interference system can increase the detection blind area of the laser radar. By carrying out dynamic extinction ratio test on the acousto-optic modulator, the acousto-optic modulator with high dynamic extinction ratio can be selected to improve the signal to noise ratio of the emitted laser, and further the accuracy of wind speed information calculation of the laser radar is ensured.
The detection blind area of the laser radar system is calculated by transmitting signal light into the atmosphere through a laser radar and receiving echo signals scattered by atmospheric aerosol. The emitted signal light is a pulse light beam with a certain pulse width and a certain frequency, and only a complete pulse signal radar system which emits and receives the signal light into the atmosphere can be recorded as a successful signal acquisition. Assuming that the pulse width is a nanoseconds, the time for transmitting and receiving a complete pulse signal is a nanoseconds, and according to the distance=the speed of light x time, the minimum detection distance is s= (a nanoseconds x3x 10) 8 Meter/second), and S is the detection blind area of the laser radar system.
Fig. 3 is a prior art static extinction ratio testing apparatus for an acousto-optic modulator, comprising: a signal generator (101), also known as a signal source or oscillator, is a device capable of providing electrical signals of various frequencies, waveforms and output levels; an acousto-optic driver (102) for outputting radio frequency electric signals via an impedance matching networkApplied to a piezoelectric transducer of an acousto-optic modulator; a laser (103) which outputs continuous laser light; an isolator (104) to prevent return light from entering the laser, resulting in laser damage; an acousto-optic modulator (105), wherein a piezoelectric transducer of the acousto-optic crystal converts an output signal of the acousto-optic driver into ultrasonic waves to propagate in the acousto-optic crystal to form a refractive index grating, bragg diffraction occurs when laser passes through at a certain angle, and input light and first-order diffraction light are coupled and output through an optical fiber; an optical power meter (106) tests the output power of the acousto-optic modulator. The working principle is as follows: the continuous laser (103) outputs continuous laser, the laser enters the acousto-optic modulator (105) through the isolator (104), and the laser output power can be measured by the optical power meter (106); firstly, a signal generator (107) inputs a direct current signal of 1V to an acousto-optic driver (102), and then an optical power meter (106) measures the output optical power P1 (unit: milliwatt) of the acousto-optic modulator (105) at the moment; the signal of the signal generator (101) is then adjusted to a DC signal of 0V, and the output optical power P0 (unit: milliwatt) of the acousto-optic modulator at this time is measured by an optical power meter (106). The static extinction ratio SER of the acousto-optic modulator can be calculated by the following formula: ser=10log (P 1 /P 0 )。
In the method for testing the static extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator, a signal generator is sequentially used for giving high and low levels of direct current to the acousto-optic driver, and in an actual Doppler laser radar system, a signal input to the acousto-optic driver is a pulse analog signal with a certain amplitude, frequency and pulse width, and an optical signal output by the acousto-optic modulator is modulated by the pulse signal. Due to the leakage of pulsed light, a series of secondary pulses occur in the vicinity of the primary pulse. In the actual working process of the laser radar, the static extinction ratio is used as a technical index for evaluating the self performance of the acousto-optic modulator, the influence of noise generated by pulse light leakage cannot be evaluated, and the parameter for representing the performance is the dynamic extinction ratio. In order to screen and reject the low dynamic extinction ratio device in advance, the problem of overlarge laser radar blind area is avoided, noise interference generated by pulse light leakage is reduced, and the method is very important for measuring the dynamic extinction ratio of an acousto-optic modulator. When the oscilloscope is used for testing pulse signals, the amplitude of the secondary pulse cannot be accurately read in the time domain due to the lower resolution ratio, and the dynamic extinction ratio value cannot be measured. In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for testing the dynamic extinction ratio of an acousto-optic modulator.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problems: in order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a test device and a test method for dynamic extinction ratio of an acousto-optic modulator.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides test equipment for dynamic extinction ratio of an acousto-optic modulator, which comprises a laser (1), an isolator (2), an acousto-optic driver (3), an acousto-optic modulator (4), a laser amplifying module (5), an optical circulator (6), a coupler (7), a detector (8), a digital-analog converter (9) and a dynamic extinction ratio analysis module (10); the laser (1) is used for outputting continuous laser; the isolator (2) is used for preventing return light from returning to the laser (1), avoiding damage to the laser (1) caused by the return light, and dividing continuous laser into one path of local oscillation light and one path of emission light; the acousto-optic driver (3) is used for receiving pulse electric signals input by the radar system; the acousto-optic modulator (4) receives the emitted light from the isolator (2) and the pulse electric signal from the acousto-optic driver (3) and outputs the modulated emitted light; the laser amplifying module (5) receives the modulated emitted light, amplifies the modulated emitted light and outputs the amplified emitted light to the circulator (6); the two ports of the circulator (6) emit signal light, and the three ports receive echo signals; the coupler (7) is used for coupling the echo signal from the circulator (6) and the local oscillation light from the isolator (2) and equally dividing the coupled signals into two beams; the detector (8) receives the two beams of coupled signals, and performs beat frequency, converts the signals into electric signals and outputs the electric signals to the digital-analog conversion module (9); the dynamic spectrum analysis module (10) is used for receiving the signals of the digital-analog conversion module (9), processing the signals, collecting data and carrying out corresponding analysis to form a graph of time domain and frequency domain signals.
The invention also provides a method for testing the dynamic extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The continuous laser outputs continuous laser, the laser passes through an isolator, and the isolator divides the continuous laser into a path of local oscillation light and a path of emission light; the emitted light output by the isolator enters the acousto-optic modulator, the synchronous pulse electric signal is input to the acousto-optic driver by the radar system, and the modulated emitted light is output by the acousto-optic modulator; the emitted light is amplified to proper power after being input to the laser amplifying module; the amplified emission light enters the circulator, the two ports of the circulator emit signal light, and the three ports of the circulator receive echo signals;
(2) The echo signal and one local oscillator light split by the isolator are coupled into a 50/50 coupler, and are equally divided into two beams, then enter the detector for beat frequency, and are converted into electric signals to be output to a digital-analog conversion module for processing;
(3) The dynamic spectrum analysis module processes the electric signal output by the digital analog conversion module, collects and analyzes the data, and the method comprises the following steps: the dynamic spectrum analysis module converts the time domain signal into the frequency domain signal by Fourier transformation, reads the abscissa value of the time domain signal by using the range gate = light speed x time, calculates the range gate of the main pulse signal, measures the amplitude intensity at the working frequency at the moment, and marks as I 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The intensity at the operating frequency of the furthest measured range gate is then read as I 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The Dynamic Extinction Ratio (DER) of an acousto-optic modulator is calculated by the following formula:
DER＝10log(I 1 /I 0 )。
the beneficial effects are that: the test equipment of the dynamic extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator provided by the invention obtains the intensity amplitude values of the main pulse and the secondary pulse by using a beat frequency method, and calculates the dynamic extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator through a formula; the method can measure the numerical value of the dynamic extinction ratio, can measure the dynamic extinction ratio at any distance gate, and is favorable for screening out devices with high dynamic extinction ratio in advance, so that an acousto-optic modulator with high dynamic extinction ratio can be used in a Doppler laser wind-finding radar system, noise interference generated by secondary pulse signal light is reduced, the signal-to-noise ratio of emitted laser is improved, meanwhile, blind areas can be reduced, and calculation and processing of wind field information by a radar system are facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of acousto-optic diffraction in an acousto-optic modulator.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pulse signal modulation waveform.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional acousto-optic modulator.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a test apparatus for dynamic extinction ratio of an acousto-optic modulator according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of a time domain signal measured according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of a frequency domain signal measured according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described below.
The test equipment of the dynamic extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator comprises a laser (1), an isolator (2), an acousto-optic driver (3), an acousto-optic modulator (4), a laser amplifying module (5), an optical circulator (6), a coupler (7), a detector (8), a digital-analog converter (9) and a dynamic extinction ratio analysis module (10); the laser (1) is used for outputting continuous laser; the isolator (2) is used for preventing return light from returning to the laser (1), avoiding damage to the laser (1) caused by the return light, and dividing continuous laser into one path of local oscillation light and one path of emission light; the acousto-optic driver (3) is used for receiving pulse electric signals input by the radar system; the acousto-optic modulator (4) receives the emitted light from the isolator (2) and the pulse electric signal from the acousto-optic driver (3) and outputs the modulated emitted light; the laser amplifying module (5) receives the modulated emitted light, amplifies the modulated emitted light and outputs the amplified emitted light to the circulator (6); the two ports of the circulator (6) emit signal light, and the three ports receive echo signals; the coupler (7) is used for coupling the echo signal from the circulator (6) and the local oscillation light from the isolator (2) and equally dividing the coupled signals into two beams; the detector (8) receives the two beams of coupled signals, and performs beat frequency, converts the signals into electric signals and outputs the electric signals to the digital-analog conversion module (9); the dynamic spectrum analysis module (10) is used for receiving the signals of the digital-analog conversion module (9), processing the signals, collecting data and carrying out corresponding analysis to form a graph of time domain and frequency domain signals.
The test equipment is used for testing the dynamic extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) The continuous laser outputs continuous laser, the laser passes through an isolator, and the isolator divides the continuous laser into a path of local oscillation light and a path of emission light; the emitted light output by the isolator enters the acousto-optic modulator, the synchronous pulse electric signal is input to the acousto-optic driver by the radar system, and the modulated emitted light is output by the acousto-optic modulator; the emitted light is amplified to proper power after being input to the laser amplifying module; the amplified emission light enters the circulator, the two ports of the circulator emit signal light, and the three ports of the circulator receive echo signals;
(2) The echo signal and one local oscillator light split by the isolator are coupled into a 50/50 coupler, and are equally divided into two beams, then enter the detector for beat frequency, and are converted into electric signals to be output to a digital-analog conversion module for processing;
(3) The dynamic spectrum analysis module processes the electric signal output by the digital analog conversion module, collects and analyzes the data, and the method comprises the following steps: the dynamic spectrum analysis module converts the time domain signal into the frequency domain signal by Fourier transformation, reads the abscissa value of the time domain signal by using the range gate = light speed x time, calculates the range gate of the main pulse signal, measures the amplitude intensity at the working frequency at the moment, and marks as I 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The intensity at the operating frequency of the furthest measured range gate is then read as I 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The Dynamic Extinction Ratio (DER) of an acousto-optic modulator is calculated by the following formula:
DER＝10log(I 1 /I 0 )。
the method for performing correlation calculation by reading the amplitude of the operating frequency on the frequency domain map is described in the following by a specific example:
as shown in fig. 5, the dashed box in the figure is the intensity of the main pulse signal, and the secondary pulse signal leaked near the main pulse signal is too small in amplitude to be directly read, so that the dynamic spectrum analysis module transforms the time domain signal into the frequency domain signal by using fourier transformation, as shown in fig. 6. Reading the abscissa value of the time domain signal by using the distance gate = light speed x time, calculating the distance gate of the main pulse signal, measuring the amplitude intensity at the working frequency at the moment, and marking as I 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The intensity at the operating frequency at the furthest measured range gate is then read as I 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The Dynamic Extinction Ratio (DER) of the acousto-optic modulator is calculated by the following formula.
DER＝10log(I 1 /I 0 )。
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A test equipment that is used for doppler laser wind-finding radar system's acousto-optic modulator developments extinction ratio, its characterized in that: the device comprises a laser (1), an isolator (2), an acousto-optic driver (3), an acousto-optic modulator (4), a laser amplifying module (5), an optical circulator (6), a coupler (7), a detector (8), a digital-analog converter (9) and a dynamic extinction ratio analysis module (10); the laser (1) is used for outputting continuous laser; the isolator (2) is used for preventing return light from returning to the laser (1), avoiding damage to the laser (1) caused by the return light, and dividing continuous laser into one path of local oscillation light and one path of emission light; the acousto-optic driver (3) is used for receiving pulse electric signals input by the radar system; the acousto-optic modulator (4) receives the emitted light from the isolator (2) and the pulse electric signal from the acousto-optic driver (3) and outputs the modulated emitted light; the laser amplifying module (5) receives the modulated emitted light, amplifies the modulated emitted light and outputs the amplified emitted light to the circulator (6); the two ports of the circulator (6) emit signal light, and the three ports receive echo signals; the coupler (7) is used for coupling the echo signal from the circulator (6) and the local oscillation light from the isolator (2) and equally dividing the coupled signals into two beams; the detector (8) receives the two beams of coupled signals, and performs beat frequency, converts the signals into electric signals and outputs the electric signals to the digital-analog conversion module (9); the dynamic spectrum analysis module (10) is used for receiving the signals of the digital-analog conversion module (9), processing the signals, collecting data and carrying out corresponding analysis to form a graph of time domain and frequency domain signals.
2. A test method for dynamic extinction ratio of an acousto-optic modulator of a Doppler laser wind-finding radar system is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) The continuous laser outputs continuous laser, the laser passes through an isolator, and the isolator divides the continuous laser into a path of local oscillation light and a path of emission light; the emitted light output by the isolator enters the acousto-optic modulator, the synchronous pulse electric signal is input to the acousto-optic driver by the radar system, and the modulated emitted light is output by the acousto-optic modulator; the emitted light is amplified to proper power after being input to the laser amplifying module; the amplified emission light enters the circulator, the two ports of the circulator emit signal light, and the three ports of the circulator receive echo signals;
(2) The echo signal and one local oscillator light split by the isolator are coupled into a 50/50 coupler, and are equally divided into two beams, then enter the detector for beat frequency, and are converted into electric signals to be output to a digital-analog conversion module for processing;
(3) The dynamic spectrum analysis module processes the electric signal output by the digital analog conversion module, collects and analyzes the data, and the method comprises the following steps: the dynamic spectrum analysis module converts the time domain signal into the frequency domain signal by Fourier transformation, reads the abscissa value of the time domain signal by using the range gate = light speed x time, calculates the range gate of the main pulse signal, measures the amplitude intensity at the working frequency at the moment, and marks as I 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The intensity at the operating frequency of the furthest measured range gate is then read as I 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The Dynamic Extinction Ratio (DER) of an acousto-optic modulator is calculated by the following formula:
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| CN102269647A (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2011-12-07 | 浙江大学 | Device and method for testing polarization extinction ratio of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler based on resonator technology |
| CN102338692A (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2012-02-01 | 北京国科世纪激光技术有限公司 | Device and method for measuring static extinction ratio |
| CN103414513A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2013-11-27 | 南京大学 | Device and method for measuring dynamic extinction ratio of pulsed light with high dynamic range |
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| CN102338692A (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2012-02-01 | 北京国科世纪激光技术有限公司 | Device and method for measuring static extinction ratio |
| CN102269647A (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2011-12-07 | 浙江大学 | Device and method for testing polarization extinction ratio of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler based on resonator technology |
| CN103414513A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2013-11-27 | 南京大学 | Device and method for measuring dynamic extinction ratio of pulsed light with high dynamic range |
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Inventor after: Qiao Naiyan Inventor after: Luo Hao Inventor after: Li Zhi Inventor before: Qiao Naiyan Inventor before: Luo Hao Inventor before: Li Wuyi Inventor before: Li Zhi |
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Address after: 210000 room 0601, building C, Xingzhi Science Park, Xingzhi Road, Nanjing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: Nanjing Mulai Laser Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 210000 room 0601, building C, Xingzhi Science Park, Xingzhi Road, Nanjing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: NANJING MOVELASER TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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Country or region after: China Address after: 210000 Building B2, Hongfeng Science Park, Kechuang Road, Nanjing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: Nanjing Mulai Laser Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 210000 room 0601, building C, Xingzhi Science Park, Xingzhi Road, Nanjing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: Nanjing Mulai Laser Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |
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