CN113340563A - Method for testing dynamic extinction ratio of acousto-optic modulator - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a test device for the dynamic extinction ratio of an acousto-optic modulator, which comprises a laser (1), an isolator (2), an acousto-optic driver (3), an acousto-optic modulator (4), a laser amplification module (5), an optical circulator (6), a coupler (7), a detector (8), a digital-to-analog converter (9) and a dynamic extinction ratio analysis module (10). The invention also provides a method for testing the dynamic extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator. The testing equipment for the dynamic extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator provided by the invention obtains the intensity amplitudes of the main pulse and the secondary pulse by using a beat frequency method, and calculates the dynamic extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator through a formula; the method can measure the numerical value of the dynamic extinction ratio, can also measure the dynamic extinction ratio at any distance gate, and is beneficial to screening out devices with high dynamic extinction ratio in advance, so that an acousto-optic modulator with high dynamic extinction ratio can be used in a Doppler laser wind measuring radar system, noise interference generated by secondary pulse signal light is reduced, the signal-to-noise ratio of emitted laser is improved, meanwhile, a blind area can be reduced, and calculation and processing of wind field information by the radar system are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a method for testing the dynamic extinction ratio of an acousto-optic modulator, belonging to the technical field of detection methods.
Background
Doppler lidar is becoming more and more widely used in military and meteorological fields. The coherent Doppler laser radar acquires the Doppler frequency shift of the scattering signal by using the aerosol backscattering signal and the beat frequency signal of the local oscillator light, so that the wind speed information is obtained. The magnitude of the frequency shift is usually obtained by using an edge detection method, but the method can only judge the absolute value of the frequency shift, and cannot judge the direction of the frequency shift, so people often add a fixed frequency shift in a measurement optical path to realize the method.
Acousto-optic modulators are becoming more and more widely used due to their advantages such as small size and ease of installation. The optical fiber acousto-optic modulator mainly comprises an acousto-optic device, an optical fiber coupling system and a driver. The basic structure of the acousto-optic device comprises an acousto-optic transducer, an acousto-optic interaction medium, and an electrode layer, a bonding layer, a sound absorber and the like. Radio frequency electric power signals are applied to the piezoelectric transducer, the electric signals are converted into corresponding ultrasonic signals through the piezoelectric effect and transmitted into the acousto-optic interaction medium, a refractive index grating corresponding to the frequency of the electric signals is formed in the acousto-optic interaction medium, when light passes through the acousto-optic interaction medium in a certain specific direction, the interaction of sound and light is generated in the acousto-optic medium, and light diffraction is formed, as shown in figure 1. The switching control of the optical signal can be realized by modulating the driving electrical signal, as shown in fig. 2.
The extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator refers to the ratio of the optimal diffraction light intensity of the device in an 'on' state to the 0-order stray light intensity in an 'off' state in the first-order light diffraction light direction. In the existing technology for measuring the extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator, the static extinction ratio is mostly taken as a main attention index, and the substrate noise of output light is inhibited by improving the static extinction ratio. If Doppler laser radar's acousto-optic modulator's dynamic extinction ratio is low, can lead to the pulse optical signal that launches to have the subpulse to reveal to the aerosol backscattered light that the radar received also has the composition of subpulse, then beat the frequency with local oscillator light, through the processing back of system, the subpulse that reveals forms the subpeak on the time domain signal with local oscillator light beat frequency part, is equivalent to a noise, and interference system can increase laser radar detection blind area to the calculation of wind speed information. By testing the dynamic extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator, the acousto-optic modulator with high dynamic extinction ratio can be selected to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of emitted laser, and further the accuracy of calculating wind speed information by the laser radar is ensured.
The laser radar system detects the blind area by emitting signal light to the atmosphere through the laser radar and receiving an echo signal scattered by the atmospheric aerosol for calculation. The transmitted signal light is a pulse light beam with a certain pulse width and frequency, and only a complete pulse signal radar system which transmits and receives to the atmosphere can record a successful signal acquisition. Assuming that the pulse width is a nanosecond, the time for transmitting and receiving a complete pulse signal is a nanosecond, and according to the distance which is x time of the speed of light, the minimum detection distance is S ═ x3x10 (a nanosecond x 10)8m/S), and S is the detection blind area of the laser radar system.
Fig. 3 is a prior art apparatus for testing the static extinction ratio of an acousto-optic modulator, which includes: a signal generator (101), also known as a signal source or oscillator, is a device that can provide electrical signals of various frequencies, waveforms and output levels; the acousto-optic driver (102) outputs a radio frequency electric signal which is applied to the piezoelectric transducer of the acousto-optic modulator through the impedance matching network; a laser (103) that outputs continuous laser light; an isolator (104) to prevent return light from entering the laser, causing damage to the laser; the piezoelectric transducer of the acousto-optic crystal converts an output signal of the acousto-optic driver into ultrasonic waves to be transmitted in the acousto-optic crystal to form a refractive index grating, Bragg diffraction is generated when laser passes through at a certain angle, and input light and first-order diffraction light are coupled and output through an optical fiber; and an optical power meter (106) for testing the output power of the acousto-optic modulator. The working principle is as follows: the continuous laser (103) outputs continuous laser, the laser enters the acousto-optic modulator (105) through the isolator (104), and the laser output power can be measured by the optical power meter (106); firstly, a signal generator (107) inputs a 1V direct current signal to an acousto-optic driver (102), and then an optical power meter (106) is used for measuring the output optical power P1 (unit: milliwatt) of the acousto-optic modulator (105) at the moment; then the signal of the signal generator (101) is adjusted to be a direct current signal of 0V, and the output light power P0 (unit: milliwatt) of the acousto-optic modulator at the moment is measured by an optical power meter (106). The static extinction ratio SER of the acousto-optic modulator can be calculated by the following formula: SER 10log (P)1/P0)。
In the above-mentioned conventional method for testing the static extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator, the signal generator is sequentially used to provide dc high and low levels for the acousto-optic driver, and in the actual doppler laser radar system, the signal input to the acousto-optic driver is a pulse analog signal with a certain amplitude, frequency and pulse width, and the optical signal output by the acousto-optic modulator is modulated by the pulse signal. Due to pulsed light leakage, a series of secondary pulses occur near the primary pulse. In the actual working process of the laser radar, the static extinction ratio is used as a technical index for evaluating the performance of the acousto-optic modulator, the noise influence generated by pulse light leakage cannot be evaluated, and the parameter representing the performance is the dynamic extinction ratio. In order to screen and reject the low dynamic extinction ratio device in advance, avoid the too big problem of laser radar blind area appearing, reduce the noise interference that pulse light reveals the production, it is very important to the measurement of acousto-optic modulator dynamic extinction ratio. When an oscilloscope is used for testing pulse signals, the amplitude of the secondary pulse cannot be accurately read in a time domain due to the low resolution, and the dynamic extinction ratio value cannot be measured. In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for testing the dynamic extinction ratio of an acousto-optic modulator.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: in order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for testing the dynamic extinction ratio of an acousto-optic modulator.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides a test device for the dynamic extinction ratio of an acousto-optic modulator, which comprises a laser (1), an isolator (2), an acousto-optic driver (3), an acousto-optic modulator (4), a laser amplification module (5), an optical circulator (6), a coupler (7), a detector (8), a digital-to-analog converter (9) and a dynamic extinction ratio analysis module (10); the laser (1) is used for outputting continuous laser; the isolator (2) is used for preventing return light from returning to the laser (1), avoiding damage to the laser (1) caused by the return light, and dividing continuous laser into one path of local oscillation light and one path of emitted light; the acousto-optic driver (3) is used for receiving a pulse electrical signal input by the radar system; the acousto-optic modulator (4) receives the emitted light from the isolator (2) and the pulse electric signal from the acousto-optic driver (3) and outputs the modulated emitted light; the laser amplification module (5) receives the modulated emitted light, amplifies the emitted light and outputs the amplified light to the circulator (6); two ports of the circulator (6) transmit signal light, and three ports receive echo signals; the coupler (7) is used for coupling the echo signal from the circulator (6) and the local oscillator light from the isolator (2) and averagely dividing the coupled signal into two beams; the detector (8) receives the two coupled signals, performs beat frequency, converts the signals into electric signals and outputs the electric signals to the digital-analog conversion module (9); the dynamic spectrum analysis module (10) is used for receiving the signals of the digital-analog conversion module (9), processing the signals, collecting data and carrying out corresponding analysis to form a time domain and frequency domain signal diagram.
The invention also provides a method for testing the dynamic extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the continuous laser outputs continuous laser, the laser passes through an isolator, and the isolator divides the continuous laser into a local oscillation light path and a transmission light path; the emitted light output by the isolator enters an acousto-optic modulator, a radar system inputs a synchronous pulse electric signal to an acousto-optic driver, and the acousto-optic modulator outputs the modulated emitted light; the emitted light is amplified to proper power after being input into the laser amplification module; the amplified emitted light enters a circulator, signal light is emitted from two ports of the circulator, and echo signals are received from three ports of the circulator;
(2) the echo signal and one path of local oscillation light separated by the isolator are coupled into a coupler of 50/50, are averagely separated into two beams, then enter a detector for beat frequency, are converted into an electric signal and are output to a digital-analog conversion module for processing;
(3) the dynamic spectrum analysis module processes and analyzes the electric signals processed and output by the digital-analog conversion module, acquires data and analyzes the data, and the method comprises the following steps: the dynamic spectrum analysis module converts the time domain signal into a frequency domain signal by utilizing Fourier transform, reads the abscissa value of the time domain signal by utilizing a distance gate which is x time of light velocity, calculates the distance gate of the main pulse signal, measures the amplitude intensity at the working frequency at the moment, and records the amplitude intensity as I1(ii) a Reading out the intensity I at the working frequency at the farthest measurement distance door0(ii) a The acousto-optic is obtained by the following formulaDynamic Extinction Ratio (DER) of modulator:
DER＝10log(I1/I0)。
has the advantages that: the testing equipment for the dynamic extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator provided by the invention obtains the intensity amplitudes of the main pulse and the secondary pulse by using a beat frequency method, and calculates the dynamic extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator through a formula; the method can measure the numerical value of the dynamic extinction ratio, can also measure the dynamic extinction ratio at any distance gate, and is beneficial to screening out devices with high dynamic extinction ratio in advance, so that an acousto-optic modulator with high dynamic extinction ratio can be used in a Doppler laser wind measuring radar system, noise interference generated by secondary pulse signal light is reduced, the signal-to-noise ratio of emitted laser is improved, meanwhile, a blind area can be reduced, and calculation and processing of wind field information by the radar system are facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of acousto-optic diffraction in an acousto-optic modulator.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pulse signal modulation waveform.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional acousto-optic modulator.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the testing apparatus for dynamic extinction ratio of an acousto-optic modulator according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram of time domain signals measured according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph of frequency domain signals measured according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further explained below.
The test equipment for the dynamic extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator comprises a laser (1), an isolator (2), an acousto-optic driver (3), the acousto-optic modulator (4), a laser amplification module (5), an optical circulator (6), a coupler (7), a detector (8), a digital-to-analog converter (9) and a dynamic extinction ratio analysis module (10); the laser (1) is used for outputting continuous laser; the isolator (2) is used for preventing return light from returning to the laser (1), avoiding damage to the laser (1) caused by the return light, and dividing continuous laser into one path of local oscillation light and one path of emitted light; the acousto-optic driver (3) is used for receiving a pulse electrical signal input by the radar system; the acousto-optic modulator (4) receives the emitted light from the isolator (2) and the pulse electric signal from the acousto-optic driver (3) and outputs the modulated emitted light; the laser amplification module (5) receives the modulated emitted light, amplifies the emitted light and outputs the amplified light to the circulator (6); two ports of the circulator (6) transmit signal light, and three ports receive echo signals; the coupler (7) is used for coupling the echo signal from the circulator (6) and the local oscillator light from the isolator (2) and averagely dividing the coupled signal into two beams; the detector (8) receives the two coupled signals, performs beat frequency, converts the signals into electric signals and outputs the electric signals to the digital-analog conversion module (9); the dynamic spectrum analysis module (10) is used for receiving the signals of the digital-analog conversion module (9), processing the signals, collecting data and carrying out corresponding analysis to form a time domain and frequency domain signal diagram.
The dynamic extinction ratio of the acousto-optic modulator is tested by using the testing equipment, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the continuous laser outputs continuous laser, the laser passes through an isolator, and the isolator divides the continuous laser into a local oscillation light path and a transmission light path; the emitted light output by the isolator enters an acousto-optic modulator, a radar system inputs a synchronous pulse electric signal to an acousto-optic driver, and the acousto-optic modulator outputs the modulated emitted light; the emitted light is amplified to proper power after being input into the laser amplification module; the amplified emitted light enters a circulator, signal light is emitted from two ports of the circulator, and echo signals are received from three ports of the circulator;
(2) the echo signal and one path of local oscillation light separated by the isolator are coupled into a coupler of 50/50, are averagely separated into two beams, then enter a detector for beat frequency, are converted into an electric signal and are output to a digital-analog conversion module for processing;
(3) the dynamic spectrum analysis module processes and analyzes the electric signals processed and output by the digital-analog conversion module, acquires data and analyzes the data, and the method comprises the following steps: the dynamic spectrum analysis module converts the time domain signal into a frequency domain signal by Fourier transform, reads the abscissa value of the time domain signal by using a distance gate which is the x time of the light velocity, calculates the distance gate of the main pulse signal, and measures the distance gateThe amplitude intensity at the operating frequency at this time is recorded as I1(ii) a Reading out the intensity I at the working frequency at the farthest measurement distance door0(ii) a The Dynamic Extinction Ratio (DER) of the acousto-optic modulator can be calculated by the following formula:
DER＝10log(I1/I0)。
next, a specific example is used to describe a method for reading the amplitude of the operating frequency on the frequency domain graph to perform the correlation calculation, which specifically includes the following steps:
as shown in fig. 5, the dotted square in the figure is the intensity of the main pulse signal, and the amplitude of the secondary pulse signal leaked near the main pulse signal is too small to be directly read, so the dynamic spectrum analysis module transforms the time domain signal into the frequency domain signal by using fourier transform, as shown in fig. 6. Reading the abscissa value of the time domain signal by using the time of the distance gate as the light velocity x, calculating the distance gate of the main pulse signal, measuring the amplitude intensity at the working frequency at the moment, and recording the amplitude intensity as I1(ii) a Then reading the intensity I at the working frequency at the farthest measuring distance door0(ii) a The Dynamic Extinction Ratio (DER) of the acousto-optic modulator can be calculated by the following formula.
DER＝10log(I1/I0)。
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A test device for the dynamic extinction ratio of an acousto-optic modulator is characterized in that: the device comprises a laser (1), an isolator (2), an acousto-optic driver (3), an acousto-optic modulator (4), a laser amplification module (5), an optical circulator (6), a coupler (7), a detector (8), a digital-to-analog converter (9) and a dynamic extinction ratio analysis module (10); the laser (1) is used for outputting continuous laser; the isolator (2) is used for preventing return light from returning to the laser (1), avoiding damage to the laser (1) caused by the return light, and dividing continuous laser into one path of local oscillation light and one path of emitted light; the acousto-optic driver (3) is used for receiving a pulse electrical signal input by the radar system; the acousto-optic modulator (4) receives the emitted light from the isolator (2) and the pulse electric signal from the acousto-optic driver (3) and outputs the modulated emitted light; the laser amplification module (5) receives the modulated emitted light, amplifies the emitted light and outputs the amplified light to the circulator (6); two ports of the circulator (6) transmit signal light, and three ports receive echo signals; the coupler (7) is used for coupling the echo signal from the circulator (6) and the local oscillator light from the isolator (2) and averagely dividing the coupled signal into two beams; the detector (8) receives the two coupled signals, performs beat frequency, converts the signals into electric signals and outputs the electric signals to the digital-analog conversion module (9); the dynamic spectrum analysis module (10) is used for receiving the signals of the digital-analog conversion module (9), processing the signals, collecting data and carrying out corresponding analysis to form a time domain and frequency domain signal diagram.
2. A method for testing the dynamic extinction ratio of an acousto-optic modulator is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the continuous laser outputs continuous laser, the laser passes through an isolator, and the isolator divides the continuous laser into a local oscillation light path and a transmission light path; the emitted light output by the isolator enters an acousto-optic modulator, a radar system inputs a synchronous pulse electric signal to an acousto-optic driver, and the acousto-optic modulator outputs the modulated emitted light; the emitted light is amplified to proper power after being input into the laser amplification module; the amplified emitted light enters a circulator, signal light is emitted from two ports of the circulator, and echo signals are received from three ports of the circulator;
(2) the echo signal and one path of local oscillation light separated by the isolator are coupled into a coupler of 50/50, are averagely separated into two beams, then enter a detector for beat frequency, are converted into an electric signal and are output to a digital-analog conversion module for processing;
(3) dynamic spectrum analysis module processes and outputs digital-to-analog conversion moduleThe output electric signal is processed, data is collected and analyzed, and the method comprises the following steps: the dynamic spectrum analysis module converts the time domain signal into a frequency domain signal by utilizing Fourier transform, reads the abscissa value of the time domain signal by utilizing a distance gate which is x time of light velocity, calculates the distance gate of the main pulse signal, measures the amplitude intensity at the working frequency at the moment, and records the amplitude intensity as I1(ii) a Reading out the intensity I at the working frequency at the farthest measurement distance door0(ii) a The Dynamic Extinction Ratio (DER) of the acousto-optic modulator can be calculated by the following formula:
DER＝10log(I1/I0)。
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| CN115436971A (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-12-06 | 南京牧镭激光科技有限公司 | Wind lidar system for realizing high extinction ratio based on single acousto-optic and use method thereof |
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| US20040120033A1 (en) * | 2002-12-23 | 2004-06-24 | Beal David A. | Optical method and system for measuring in-band crosstalk in Raman amplifiers |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Qiao Naiyan Inventor after: Luo Hao Inventor after: Li Zhi Inventor before: Qiao Naiyan Inventor before: Luo Hao Inventor before: Li Wuyi Inventor before: Li Zhi |
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| CB02 | Change of applicant information | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: 210000 room 0601, building C, Xingzhi Science Park, Xingzhi Road, Nanjing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: Nanjing Mulai Laser Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 210000 room 0601, building C, Xingzhi Science Park, Xingzhi Road, Nanjing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: NANJING MOVELASER TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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| CB02 | Change of applicant information | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Country or region after: China Address after: 210000 Building B2, Hongfeng Science Park, Kechuang Road, Nanjing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: Nanjing Mulai Laser Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 210000 room 0601, building C, Xingzhi Science Park, Xingzhi Road, Nanjing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: Nanjing Mulai Laser Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |