CN113331837A - Detection device and detection method for detecting mental alertness of rodent - Google Patents
Detection device and detection method for detecting mental alertness of rodent Download PDFInfo
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- CN113331837A CN113331837A CN202110468428.9A CN202110468428A CN113331837A CN 113331837 A CN113331837 A CN 113331837A CN 202110468428 A CN202110468428 A CN 202110468428A CN 113331837 A CN113331837 A CN 113331837A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detection device and a detection method for detecting the mental alertness of rodents, the detection device comprises an operation bin and a base, wherein the top wall, the front side wall and the rear side wall of the operation bin are connected with the left side wall and the right side wall of the operation bin through fixing components, and a metal net, a movable rod, a loudspeaker, an environment lamp, a stimulation lamp, a lifting rod and a feeding trough are arranged in the operation bin; the utility model discloses a food processing device, including operation storehouse, speaker, amazing lamp, pole and trough, the speaker, amazing lamp, pole and trough all set up on the left side inner wall in operation storehouse, the environment lamp sets up on the rear side inner wall in operation storehouse, the trough passes through transfer passage and links to each other with the food dispenser, the food dispenser sets up on the mounting bracket, the mounting bracket sets up on the base, speaker, environment lamp, amazing lamp, pole and food dispenser all are connected with controlling means electricity, controlling means passes through transmission line and computer connection, controlling means sets up on the left side outer wall in operation storehouse, the below of metal mesh is provided with the collecting box.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of experimental equipment for psychology, and particularly relates to a detection device and a detection method for detecting the mental alertness of rodents.
Background
Mental alertness test (PVT) is a commonly used method of alertness assessment, which primarily measures the sustained attention and response time of a subject to a stimulus. The central fatigue can be well evaluated, and the fatigue evaluation (such as aerospace operation and the like) for various high cognitive load and environmental stimulation operations is a conventional and effective evaluation means.
At present, most of the rodent mental state detection means mainly include forced swimming experiments, overhead cross experiments and the like, namely, the reaction of an animal to an extreme environment is observed, and the mental state of the animal is tested, but the experiments mainly detect the stress reaction strength of the animal under the extreme state, no specific detection means exists for the mental alertness state under higher-frequency stimulation, and no device for detecting the mental alertness state under higher-frequency stimulation is involved at present. Secondly, the current detection device only considers the detection purpose and does not consider the physiological stability of the combined animal to keep the cleanliness of the experimental environment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the existing problems, the invention provides a detection device and a detection method for detecting the mental alertness of rodent.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a detection device for detecting the mental alertness of rodent comprises an operation cabin and a base, wherein the front side wall, the rear side wall and the top wall of the operation cabin are made of hard plastics, the top wall, the front side wall and the rear side wall are connected with the left side wall and the right side wall of the operation cabin through fixing components, a metal net, a movable rod, a loudspeaker, an environment lamp, an exciting lamp, a lifting rod and a trough are arranged in the operation cabin, the movable rod is positioned at the bottom end of the metal net, one end of the movable rod is embedded in the left side inner wall of the operation cabin, and the other end of the movable rod penetrates through the right side inner wall of the operation cabin to the outer side of the operation cabin and is provided with a limit ring; the utility model discloses a food processing device, including operation storehouse, speaker, amazing lamp, pole and trough, the speaker, amazing lamp, pole and trough all set up on the left side inner wall in operation storehouse, the environment lamp sets up on the rear side inner wall in operation storehouse, the trough passes through transfer passage and links to each other with the food dispenser, the food dispenser sets up on the mounting bracket, the mounting bracket sets up on the base, speaker, environment lamp, amazing lamp, pole and food dispenser all are connected with controlling means electricity, controlling means passes through transmission line and computer connection, controlling means sets up on the left side outer wall in operation storehouse, the below of metal mesh is provided with the collecting box.
Preferably, the fixing assembly comprises a fixing seat and a fixing column, the fixing seat is an L-shaped fixing plate, a fixing hole is formed in the horizontal portion of the L-shaped fixing plate, two clamping blocks are arranged at the lower end of the vertical portion of the L-shaped fixing plate, the clamping blocks are arranged on two sides of the L-shaped fixing plate, fixing grooves matched with the fixing holes are respectively formed in the top end face, the rear end face and the front end face of the left side wall and the right side wall of the operation cabin, the fixing column is located in the fixing hole and the fixing grooves, clamping holes matched with the fixing grooves are respectively formed in the outer walls of the left side wall and the right side wall of the operation cabin, and the clamping blocks are located in the clamping holes.
Preferably, the metal net is composed of a plurality of metal rods, one end of each metal rod is embedded on the inner wall of the rear side of the operation bin, and the other end of each metal rod is embedded on the inner wall of the front side of the collection box.
Preferably, a square positioning block is integrally arranged at one end of the metal rod, and an adaptive groove matched with the square positioning block is formed in the inner wall of the front side of the collecting box.
Preferably, a plurality of placing grooves are formed in the movable rod, the metal rod is located in the placing grooves, a limiting ring and a limiting assembly are arranged at the end portion of the movable rod, and the limiting assembly is matched with the limiting ring to fix the movable rod.
Preferably, the limiting assembly comprises a first stop block and a second stop block, the first stop block and the second stop block are symmetrically arranged in through holes in the side wall of the movable rod, grooves are respectively formed in the inner end faces of the first stop block and the second stop block, a sliding rod is arranged in each groove in the first stop block, a sleeve is arranged in each groove in the second stop block, the end portion of each sliding rod is located in each sleeve, a compression spring is sleeved on each of the outer sides of each sliding rod and each sleeve, one end of each compression spring is fixedly connected with the inner end face of the first stop block, and the other end of each compression spring is fixedly connected with the inner end face of the second stop block.
Preferably, be provided with two at least sand grips on the telescopic inner wall, the sand grip distributes along telescopic axial, be provided with the sliding tray on the sand grip, the sliding tray distributes along the axial of sand grip to its inside wall forms the cambered surface towards the slide bar bending, the slide bar is arranged in the inner ring that a plurality of sand grips are injectd, be provided with a plurality of slide rails with sand grip matched with on the outer wall of slide bar, be provided with a plurality of dovetail grooves on the lateral wall of slide rail, a plurality of dovetail grooves distribute along the axial of slide rail, the dovetail groove is provided with direction pearl and connecting rod, the one end of connecting rod is provided with the curved surface, the direction pearl is located the curved surface, the cover is equipped with reset spring on the connecting rod, direction pearl and curved surface and cambered surface rolling contact.
Preferably, the collecting box is internally provided with an inclined plate, four corners of the bottom surface of the inclined plate extend in the clockwise direction and are sequentially provided with a first supporting leg, a second supporting leg, a third supporting leg and a fourth supporting leg from high to low, the first leg is arranged at the left rear position of the inclined plate, the fourth leg is arranged at the right front position of the inclined plate, a plurality of water inlet holes with equal intervals are arranged on the rear side wall of the collecting box, the water inlet holes are tightly attached to the inclined plate surface, a drain hole is arranged on the right side wall of the collecting box, a liquid outlet matched with the drain hole is arranged on the bottom wall of the right side wall of the operating bin, the drain hole is positioned above the inclined plate, the left side wall and the right side wall of the collecting box are respectively provided with a guide rail, the guide groove matched with the guide rail is arranged on the left wall and the right wall of the operation cabin, the guide groove is formed by two L-shaped mounting plates which are symmetrically arranged, and the guide rail and the guide groove can slide relatively through the sliding guide assembly.
Preferably, the sliding guide assembly comprises a sliding assembly arranged on the guide rail and guide assemblies arranged on the horizontal inner walls of the two L-shaped mounting plates, the rolling assembly comprises a central mounting hole and an insertion rod, the central mounting hole penetrates through the guide rail along the longitudinal axis direction of the guide rail, the central mounting hole comprises an upper curved surface opening, a lower curved surface opening, an upper large-diameter inner hole, a lower large-diameter inner hole and a small-diameter inner hole which is connected with the upper large-diameter inner hole and the lower large-diameter inner hole, the upper curved surface opening, the lower curved surface opening, the upper large-diameter inner hole, the lower large-diameter inner hole and the small-diameter inner hole are symmetrically arranged along the transverse axis of the guide rail, the insertion rod is arranged in the small-diameter inner hole, two ends of the insertion rod respectively extend into the upper large-diameter inner hole and the lower large-diameter inner hole, limit arc plates are arranged at the end parts of the small-diameter inner hole, a guide spring is sleeved on the insertion rod, balls are respectively in rolling contact with the inner curved surfaces of the two limit arc plates, the outer ends of the upper curved surface and the lower curved surface are respectively positioned in the upper curved surface opening and the lower curved surface opening;
the direction subassembly includes the guide block unit that the horizontal inner wall cross axle direction of L type mounting panel was arranged in proper order along a plurality of, and the upper end of every guide block unit is provided with the installation piece, the lateral wall of installation piece is provided with the removal hole, be provided with the support column on the horizontal inner wall of L type mounting panel, the support column passes through fixed quarter butt swing joint with the removal hole, and the upper end both sides of every guide block unit articulate respectively has first loop bar and second loop bar, the upper end and the horizontal inner wall fixed connection of L type mounting panel of first loop bar and second loop bar, the cover is equipped with first spacing spring and the spacing spring of second respectively in first loop bar and the second loop bar outside, the number of turns of first spacing spring is greater than the number of turns of the spacing spring of second.
A detection method for detecting mental alertness of a rodent, comprising the steps of:
step 1: adapting to operating cabin environment
Normal environment lamp, no lifting rod, free movement, 30min each day; assigning each animal to an operating bin where the test is performed daily and the time of the test is recorded;
step 2: operational conditioned reflex training set-up
The normal environment lamp is provided with a lifting rod and can move freely, the food is fixed for once in the first 30s of the experiment, then the food is fed every time the lifting rod of the pressure rod is lifted in 30s until the experimental animal can finish triggering the lifting rod of the pressure rod for the food for 40-50 times in 30min in continuous 5-day operation;
and step 3: stimulation light and nasal poke to food link establishment
Adding a stimulating lamp, lighting the stimulating lamp after the animal pressing rod lifts the rod T1, lighting the stimulating lamp for 1.5s, recording the rod lifting time T2 of the mouse after the stimulating lamp is lighted, determining the starting of food particle conveying through condition judgment, and obtaining food only when the experimental animal loosens the rod within 1.5s after the stimulating lamp is lighted, otherwise, no food is put in and no response failure is recorded; similarly, if no food is put in by releasing the lifting rod before the stimulation lamp is turned on, the time T1 is initially set to 10s and gradually reduced by 1s every 1 day, which is recorded as premature reaction failure;
and 4, step 4: training completion criteria
After T1 is adjusted to the minimum threshold value for 3s, the food putting starting success rate reaches more than 60% within 30min of continuous 5 days;
and 5: after the training is successful, the drug intervention can be started for the experimental animal, after the intervention is completed, the psychomotor neurobehavioral detection is started, the detection process is carried out according to the step 3, T1 is directly set to be the minimum value of 3s, and the failure rate, the success rate and the reaction time T2 of the animal in the operation of continuously 5 days for 30min are recorded;
step 6: in the process of the steps 1-5, the water inlet switch is opened every half hour, the flowing water is used for cleaning the accumulated animal excrement on the inclined plate, the animal excrement is discharged into the garbage can outside the operation bin along the water discharge hole, and after the detection is finished, the collecting box is moved out for cleaning.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the stimulation lamp is additionally arranged in the operation cabin, the stable link of the fixed stimulation and the conditioned reflex is established, the behavior of the rodent on the conditioned reflex of the operation under the established fixed stimulation is equal to the behavior of the rodent on the conditioned reflex after the rodent is subjected to the visual stimulation, and main indexes such as reaction time and accuracy can be equal, but other auxiliary judgment indexes such as accuracy, dexterity, coordination, stability, speed, continuity and the like are evaluated in series.
The operation cabin is formed by mutually fixing a plurality of fixing plates, wherein the front side wall, the rear side wall and the top wall are made of hard plastics and are respectively connected with the left side wall and the right side wall through the fixing assemblies, so that the firmness of connection is ensured, and meanwhile, the operation cabin is convenient to disassemble, replace, clean and disinfect.
In addition, the metal net is composed of a plurality of detachable metal rods, and the movable rods are erected below the metal net and are used for supporting the metal net on one hand and limiting the metal net at the current position on the other hand, so that the stability of the metal net is improved, the designed movable rods are simple to operate, and the metal net can be quickly limited and fixed. In addition, the both ends of metal pole inlay respectively on establishing on the front side inner wall of collecting box and the rear side inner wall in operation storehouse, when taking out the collecting box, the one end of metal pole can break away from the lateral wall of collecting box, and at this moment, the metal pole can easily be taken out and wash.
The collecting box is internally provided with the inclined plate, so that animal excrement can conveniently slide to the position of the drainage hole from the inclined plate and can be discharged to the outside of the garbage can from the drainage hole, the left side wall and the right side wall of the collecting box are provided with the guide rails, the left inner wall and the right inner wall of the operation bin are provided with the sliding chutes which are matched with each other, and the guide rails are in sliding connection with the sliding chutes through the sliding guide assemblies, so that the collecting box can be conveniently and easily taken out and cleaned at regular time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a view showing an overall configuration of a detecting unit for detecting mental alertness of a rodent according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a fixing assembly;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the movable bar;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the sleeve and the slide;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the sleeve;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a metal rod;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the collection tank;
FIG. 10 is a structural view of an inclined plate;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the guide rail and the slide groove;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the guide assembly in its natural state;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the guide assembly in use;
FIG. 14 is a flow chart of a method of detecting mental alertness in a rodent;
FIG. 15 is a graph of the training results of the simple reaction-psychology testing device (a) stimulation lamp-associated operational conditioning reflex establishment with response time varying over time; (b) the accuracy varies with time;
FIG. 16 is a graph of the effect of hypoxic exposure on mental alertness in mice; (a) the accuracy rate; (b) reaction time; (c) the total number of lifting the rod is changed;
FIG. 17 is a change in mental alertness in virus-injected transgenic mice; (a) optogenetically activating D1R cells (D1R-ChR 2); (b) optogenetically suppressed D1R cells (D1R-eNpHR); (c) optogenetically activating D2R cells (D2R-ChR 2); (d) optogenetically suppressed D2R cells (D2R-eNpHR).
1. An operation bin; 101 a liquid outlet; 2. a metal mesh; 201. a metal rod; 202. a square positioning block; 3. a movable rod; 301. a placement groove; 4. a collection box; 401. a water inlet hole; 402. a drain hole; 5. a trough; 6. a control device; 7. lifting the rod; 8. a stimulating lamp; 9. a speaker; 10. an ambient light; 11. a food dispenser; 12. a delivery channel; 13. a mounting frame; 14. a limiting ring; 15. a limiting component; 1501. a first stopper; 1502. a second stopper; 1503. a groove; 1504. a slide bar; 1505. a sleeve; 1506. a compression spring; 1507. a convex strip; 1508. a sliding groove; 1509. a cambered surface; 1510. a slide rail; 1511. a trapezoidal groove; 1512. a guide bead; 1513. A connecting rod; 1514. a curved surface; 1515. a return spring; 16. a fixed seat; 1601. an L-shaped fixing plate; 1602. A fixing hole; 1603. a clamping block; 17. fixing a column; 18. an inclined plate; 19. a guide rail; 1901. a central mounting hole; 20. an L-shaped mounting plate; 21. a guide block unit; 22. a support pillar; 23. mounting blocks; 2301. moving the hole; 24. a ball bearing; 25. inserting a rod; 26. a guide spring; 27. a first loop bar; 28. a second loop bar; 29. A first limit spring; 30. a second limit spring; 31. a second leg; 32. a third leg; 33. and a fourth leg.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention specifically provides a simple rodent reaction-psychomotor neurobehavior detection device, which comprises an operation cabin 1 and a base, wherein the front side wall, the rear side wall and the top wall of the operation cabin 1 are made of hard plastics, and the top wall, the front side wall and the rear side wall are connected with the left side wall and the right side wall of the operation cabin 1 through fixing components; the operation cabin 1 is internally provided with a metal net 2, a movable rod 3, a loudspeaker 9, an environment lamp 10, a stimulation lamp 8, a lifting rod 7 and a trough 5, wherein the movable rod 3 is positioned at the bottom end of the metal net 2, one end of the movable rod is embedded in the left inner wall of the operation cabin 1, the other end of the movable rod penetrates through the right inner wall of the operation cabin 1 to the outer side of the operation cabin, and a limit ring 14 is arranged on the movable rod; loudspeaker 9, amazing lamp 8, nose stab 7 and trough 5 all set up on the left side inner wall of operation storehouse 1, ambient light 10 sets up on the rear side inner wall of operation storehouse 1, trough 5 links to each other with food dispenser 11 through transfer passage 12, food dispenser 11 sets up on mounting bracket 13, mounting bracket 13 sets up on the base, loudspeaker 9, ambient light 10, amazing lamp 8, nose stab 7 and food dispenser 11 all are connected with controlling means 6 electricity, controlling means 6 passes through the transmission line and is connected with the computer (not shown in the figure), controlling means 6 sets up on the left side outer wall of operation storehouse, the below of metal mesh 2 is provided with collecting box 4.
The control device 6 can control the on and off of the ambient light 10, and the on condition, the on time and the flashing frequency of the stimulation light 8 are controlled by the computer by using the control device 6, and the connection with the nasal spear 7 and the food dispenser 11 is established. This control is well known in the art of smithni boxes and therefore is not described in detail here.
In this embodiment, the roof, preceding lateral wall and the back lateral wall of operation 1 all adopt transparent rigid plastic, utilize fixed subassembly to fix on left side wall and right side wall to be provided with a plurality of bleeder vents on the roof, be provided with the window that the experimental animals were put in on the preceding lateral wall.
As shown in fig. 2, the fixing assembly includes a fixing base 16 and a fixing column 17, the fixing base is an L-shaped fixing plate 1601, a fixing hole 1602 is provided on a horizontal portion of the L-shaped fixing plate 1601, two locking blocks 1603 are provided at a lower end of a vertical portion of the L-shaped fixing plate 1601, the locking blocks 1603 are provided at two sides of the L-shaped fixing plate 1601, fixing grooves (not shown) matched with the fixing hole 1602 are respectively provided on a top end surface, a rear end surface and a front end surface of a left side wall and a right side wall of the operation cabin 1, the fixing column 17 is located in the fixing hole 1602 and the fixing groove, locking holes (not shown) matched with the fixing grooves are respectively provided on outer walls of the left side wall and the right side wall of the operation cabin 1, and the locking blocks are located in the locking holes. By adopting the fixing assembly, the connection is convenient, the disassembly is convenient, and the replacement, cleaning and disinfection are convenient.
As shown in fig. 8, in the present embodiment, the metal net 2 is composed of a plurality of metal rods 201, one end of the metal rod 201 is embedded on the rear inner wall of the operation cabin 1, and the other end thereof is embedded on the front inner wall of the collection box 4. A square positioning block 202 is integrally arranged at one end of the metal rod 201, and an adaptive groove matched with the square positioning block 202 is arranged on the inner wall of the front side of the collecting box 4. One end of the metal rod 201 is designed into a square positioning block structure, so that the side wall of the collecting box 4 can limit and fix the metal rod, and the metal rod 201 is prevented from rotating.
As shown in fig. 3 to 7, a plurality of placing grooves 301 are provided on the movable rod 3, the metal rod 201 is located in the placing grooves 301, a limiting ring 14 and a limiting component 15 are provided at an end of the movable rod 3, and the limiting component 15 and the limiting ring 14 are matched to fix the movable rod. Still can conveniently take out metal pole 201 and be convenient for carry out disinfection treatment, improve the security of operation 1 internal environment.
The limiting assembly 15 comprises a first stop 1501 and a second stop 1502, the first stop 1501 and the second stop 1502 are symmetrically arranged in through holes in the side wall of the movable rod 3, inner end surfaces of the first stop 1501 and the second stop 1502 are respectively provided with a groove 1503, a sliding rod 1504 is arranged in the groove 1503 in the first stop 1501, a sleeve 1505 is arranged in the groove 1503 in the second stop 1502, the end portion of the sliding rod 1504 is located in the sleeve 1505, a compression spring 1506 is sleeved on the outer sides of the sliding rod 1504 and the sleeve 1505, one end of the compression spring 1506 is fixedly connected with the inner end surface of the first stop 1501, and the other end of the compression spring 1506 is fixedly connected with the inner end surface of the second stop 1502.
In this embodiment, both sides of the end portions of the first stopper 1501 and the second stopper 1502 are designed to be inclined surfaces, so that the resistance of pulling out and pushing in the retainer ring 14 is reduced, and the stopper is flexible and convenient to operate.
In order to improve the stability of the sliding between the sliding rod 1504 and the sleeve 1505, in this embodiment, at least two ribs 1507 are provided on the inner wall of the sleeve 1505, the ribs 1507 are distributed along the axial direction of the sleeve 1505, the ribs 1507 are provided with sliding grooves 1508, the sliding grooves 1508 are distributed along the axial direction of the ribs 1507, and the inner side wall thereof is bent toward the slide bar 1504 to form an arc 1509, the slide bar 1504 is positioned in an inner loop defined by the plurality of ribs 1507, a plurality of slide rails 1510 matched with the convex strips 1507 are arranged on the outer wall of the slide bar 1504, a plurality of trapezoidal grooves 1511 are arranged on the side wall of the sliding rail 1510, the plurality of trapezoidal grooves 1511 are distributed along the axial direction of the sliding rail 1510, a guide bead 1512 and a connecting rod 1513 are arranged in the trapezoidal groove 1511, one end of the connecting rod 1513 is provided with a curved surface 1514, the guide ball 1512 is located in the curved surface 1514, and a return spring 1515 is sleeved on the connecting rod 1513. The 1/3 of the guide beads 1512 are located in the sliding groove 1508 and are in sliding contact with the arcuate surface 1509.
By designing the ribs 1507 and the sliding rails 1510, the contact between the sliding bars 1504 and the sleeves 1504 is improved from a circular contact to a cambered contact of the sliding rails 1510 and the ribs 1507, and the friction force between the sliding bars 1504 and the sleeves 1505 is reduced. Meanwhile, a trapezoidal groove 1511 is designed on the sliding rail 1510, a guide post 1512 and a connecting rod 1513 are arranged in the trapezoidal groove 1511, the connecting rod 1513 is not directly contacted with the inner wall of the trapezoidal groove 1511, a return spring 1515 is sleeved outside the connecting rod 1513, 1/3 of the guide post 1512 is stabilized outside the trapezoidal groove 1511 and in the sliding groove 1508 by the elastic force of the return spring 1515, the guide post 1512 is contacted with a cambered surface 1509 of the inner wall of the sliding groove 1508, so that the contact of the cambered surface 1509 is improved into point contact, the friction force between the convex strip 1507 and the sliding rail 1510 is further reduced, and the stability of relative sliding between the sleeve 1505 and the sliding rod 1504 is greatly improved.
As shown in fig. 9-13, an inclined plate 18 is disposed in the collection box 4, four corners of the bottom surface of the inclined plate 18 extend clockwise and are sequentially provided with a first leg, a second leg 31, a third leg 32 and a fourth leg 33 from high to low, the first leg is disposed at the left rear position of the inclined plate 18, the fourth leg 33 is disposed at the right front position of the inclined plate 18, a plurality of equidistant water inlet holes 401 are disposed on the rear side wall of the collection box 4, the water inlet holes 401 are tightly attached to the inclined plate surface, a water outlet hole 402 is disposed on the right side wall of the collection box 4, the water outlet hole 402 is located above the inclined plate 18, a liquid outlet 101 matched with the water outlet hole is disposed on the bottom wall of the right side wall of the operation cabin 1, guide rails 19 are disposed on the left and right side walls of the collection box 4, a guide groove matched with the guide rails 19 is disposed on the left and right walls of the operation cabin 1, the guide groove is composed of two L-shaped mounting plates 20 which are symmetrically arranged, and the guide rail 19 and the guide groove slide relatively through a sliding guide assembly.
As shown in fig. 11, the sliding guide assembly includes a sliding assembly disposed on the guide rail and a guide assembly disposed on the horizontal inner walls of the two L-shaped mounting plates.
Specifically, the rolling assembly includes a central mounting hole 1901 and a plunger 25, the central mounting hole 1901 extends through the rail 19 along a longitudinal axis of the rail, the central mounting hole 1901 includes an upper curved surface opening, a lower curved surface opening, an upper large diameter inner hole, a lower large diameter inner hole, and a small diameter inner hole connecting the upper large diameter inner hole and the lower large diameter inner hole, which are symmetrically arranged along a transverse axis of the guide rail 19, the plunger 25 is arranged in the small diameter inner hole, both ends of the arc-shaped limiting plate extend into the upper large-diameter inner hole and the lower large-diameter inner hole respectively, and the end parts of the arc-shaped limiting plate are provided with limiting arc plates, a guide spring 26 is arranged in the small-diameter inner hole, the guide spring 26 is sleeved on the inserted rod 25, the inner ends of the two balls 24 are respectively in rolling contact with the inner curved surfaces of the two limiting arc plates, and the outer ends of the two balls 24 are respectively positioned in the upper curved surface opening and the lower curved surface opening.
As shown in fig. 12-13, the guide assembly includes a plurality of guide block units 21 sequentially arranged along a horizontal inner wall of the L-shaped mounting plate 20 along a transverse axis direction, a bottom of each guide block unit 21 is an arc surface, the arc surface is located in the upper curved surface opening or the lower curved surface opening and is in rolling contact with the balls 24, an upper end of each guide block unit 21 is provided with a mounting block 23, a side wall of the mounting block 23 is provided with a moving hole 2301, a support column 22 is arranged on the horizontal inner wall of the L-shaped mounting plate 20, the support column 22 is movably connected with the moving hole 2301 through a fixed short rod, two sides of an upper end of each guide block unit 21 are respectively hinged with a first loop bar 27 and a second loop bar 28, upper ends of the first loop bar 27 and the second loop bar 28 are fixedly connected with the horizontal inner wall of the L-shaped mounting plate 20, and outer sides of the first loop bar 27 and the second loop bar 28 are respectively sleeved with a first limit spring 29 and a second limit spring 30, the first limiting spring 29 and the second limiting spring 30 are connected with the horizontal inner wall of the L-shaped mounting plate 20 at one end and connected with the upper end of the guide block unit 21 at the other end, and the number of turns of the first limiting spring 29 is larger than that of the second limiting spring 30.
After the guide rails on the two sides of the collecting box slide into the sliding grooves, the guide block units 21 connected to the horizontal inner walls of the upper L-shaped mounting plate 20 and the lower L-shaped mounting plate 20 slide into the upper curved surface opening and the lower curved surface opening respectively and are in rolling contact with the balls 24, due to the fact that the guide rails 19 extrude the guide block units 20, the first limiting springs 29 are compressed, the first sleeve rods 27 contract, then the second sleeve rods 28 are stretched, the second limiting springs 30 are stretched, the guide block units 21 are straightened and are parallel to the guide rails 19, the guide rails 19 can slide along the sliding grooves conveniently, and sliding is more stable.
The invention also provides a detection method for detecting the mental alertness of the rodent, as shown in fig. 14, comprising the following steps:
step 1: adapting to operating cabin environment
Normal environment lamp, no lifting rod, free movement, 30min each day; assigning each animal to an operating bin where the test is performed daily and the time of the test is recorded;
step 2: operational conditioned reflex training set-up
The normal environment lamp is provided with a lifting rod and can move freely, the food is fixed for once in the first 30s of the experiment, then the food is fed every time the lifting rod of the pressure rod is lifted in 30s until the experimental animal can finish triggering the lifting rod of the pressure rod for the food for 40-50 times in 30min in continuous 5-day operation;
and step 3: stimulation light and nasal poke to food link establishment
Adding a stimulating lamp, lighting the stimulating lamp after the animal pressing rod lifts the rod T1, lighting the stimulating lamp for 1.5s, recording the rod lifting time T2 of the mouse after the stimulating lamp is lighted, determining the starting of food particle conveying through condition judgment, and obtaining food only when the experimental animal loosens the rod within 1.5s after the stimulating lamp is lighted, otherwise, no food is put in and no response failure is recorded; similarly, if no food is put in by releasing the lifting rod before the stimulation lamp is turned on, the time T1 is initially set to 10s and gradually reduced by 1s every 1 day, which is recorded as premature reaction failure;
and 4, step 4: training completion criteria
After T1 is adjusted to the minimum threshold value for 3s, the food putting starting success rate reaches more than 60% within 30min of continuous 5 days;
and 5: after the training is successful, the drug intervention of the experimental animal can be started
After the intervention is finished, the psychomotor neurobehavioral detection is started, the detection process is carried out according to the step 3, T1 is directly set as the minimum value of 3s, and the failure rate (including no response failure and premature response failure), the success rate (delivery success times/nasal poking times) and the response time T2 of the animals in the operation of continuously 5 days for 30min are recorded;
step 6: in the process of the steps 1-5, the water inlet switch is opened every half hour, the flowing water is used for cleaning the accumulated animal excrement on the inclined plate, the animal excrement is discharged into the garbage can outside the operation bin along the water discharge hole, and after the detection is finished, the collecting box is moved out for cleaning.
The result is shown in figure 15, by which the mouse can effectively establish a link between the operative conditioned reflex and the stimulation light and the operative conditioned reflex.
Rat feed used 45 mg of food pellets and mice used 20 mg of food pellets to control stimulation demonstrations, nasal-stab response inputs, enhanced delivery, and data collection via an interface connected to a computer.
Examples
As shown in FIG. 11, the apparatus was used to determine the simple response-change in neuro-psychoreactivity of mice after hypoxic exposure, and the experiments were divided into hypoxic group (Hyp) and normoxic group (con)
After 21 days of exposure, the mice were tested again for changes in the reflex of the operating conditions of the stimulating lamp which had been established, and 3 days of repeated measurements revealed that the response accuracy (Correct%) in mental alertness of the mice in the hypoxic group was not significantly changed compared to the normoxic group, but the response time (response time) was significantly prolonged on the first day of the test, and the response times on the second and third days were not significantly different from those in the normoxic group, suggesting that hypoxic exposure may transiently affect the mental alertness of the mice.
As shown in FIG. 16, the device is used for measuring that after D1R cells and D2R cells of the striatum region of the mouse can be activated by the optogenetic specificity are respectively constructed by the method of injecting the transgenic mouse by the virus, the change of mental alertness of the mouse before and after the optogenetic activation (CHR2) or the inhibition (eNPHR) is measured, and the reaction time of the mouse after the optogenetic activation of the D1R cells is obviously shortened and the reaction time of the mouse after the inhibition of the D1R cells is not obviously changed by repeated measurement for 3 days. The response time of the mice is not obviously changed after the D2R cells are activated by the optogenetic method, and the response time limit of the mice is shortened after the D2R cells are inhibited. The important circuit cells of mental alertness in mice were suggested for striatal D1R cells and D2R cells.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A detection device for detecting the mental alertness of rodent comprises an operation cabin and a base, and is characterized in that the front side wall, the rear side wall and the top wall of the operation cabin are made of hard plastics, the top wall, the front side wall and the rear side wall are connected with the left side wall and the right side wall of the operation cabin through fixing components, a metal net, a movable rod, a loudspeaker, an environment lamp, a stimulation lamp, a lifting rod and a feeding trough are arranged in the operation cabin, the movable rod is positioned at the bottom end of the metal net, one end of the movable rod is embedded in the left side inner wall of the operation cabin, and the other end of the movable rod penetrates through the right side inner wall of the operation cabin to the outer side of the operation cabin and is provided with a limiting ring; the utility model discloses a food processing device, including operation storehouse, speaker, amazing lamp, pole and trough, the speaker, amazing lamp, pole and trough all set up on the left side inner wall in operation storehouse, the environment lamp sets up on the rear side inner wall in operation storehouse, the trough passes through transfer passage and links to each other with the food dispenser, the food dispenser sets up on the mounting bracket, the mounting bracket sets up on the base, speaker, environment lamp, amazing lamp, pole and food dispenser all are connected with controlling means electricity, controlling means passes through transmission line and computer connection, controlling means sets up on the left side outer wall in operation storehouse, the below of metal mesh is provided with the collecting box.
2. The rodent mental alertness detecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fixing member comprises a fixing base and a fixing post, the fixing base is an L-shaped fixing plate, the fixing hole is formed on the horizontal portion of the L-shaped fixing plate, two fixing blocks are arranged at the lower end of the vertical portion of the L-shaped fixing plate, the fixing blocks are arranged on two sides of the L-shaped fixing plate, the top end surface, the rear end surface and the front end surface of the left side wall and the right side wall of the operating bin are respectively provided with a fixing groove matched with the fixing hole, the fixing post is located in the fixing hole and the fixing groove, the outer walls of the left side wall and the right side wall of the operating bin are respectively provided with a fixing hole matched with the fixing groove, and the fixing blocks are located in the fixing holes.
3. A rodent mental alertness detecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said wire netting is formed by a plurality of metal rods, one end of which is embedded in the rear inner wall of the operating chamber and the other end of which is embedded in the front inner wall of the collecting chamber.
4. The detecting device for detecting rodent mental alertness as claimed in claim 3, wherein a square locating block is integrally formed at one end of the metal rod, and an adapting groove matched with the square locating block is formed on the inner wall of the front side of the collecting box.
5. The detecting device for detecting rodent mental alertness according to claim 3, wherein the movable rod is provided with a plurality of placing grooves, the metal rod is located in the placing grooves, the end of the movable rod is provided with a limiting ring and a limiting component, and the limiting component is matched with the limiting ring to realize the fixation of the movable rod.
6. A rodent mental alertness detecting device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the limiting component comprises a first stop block and a second stop block, the first stop block and the second stop block are symmetrically arranged in the through holes on the side wall of the movable rod, the inner end faces of the first stop block and the second stop block are respectively provided with a groove, a sliding rod is arranged in the groove on the first stop block, a sleeve is arranged in the groove of the second stop block, the end part of the sliding rod is positioned in the sleeve, a compression spring is sleeved on the outer side of the sliding rod and the sleeve, one end of the compression spring is fixedly connected with the inner end face of the first stop block, and the other end of the compression spring is fixedly connected with the inner end face of the second stop block.
7. A rodent mental alertness detecting device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the sleeve has at least two ribs on its inner wall, the ribs are arranged along the axial direction of the sleeve, the ribs have sliding grooves, the sliding grooves are arranged along the axial direction of the ribs and the inner side wall thereof is bent towards the sliding rod to form an arc surface, the sliding rod is located in an inner ring defined by the ribs, the outer wall of the sliding rod is provided with a plurality of sliding rails matched with the ribs, the side wall of the sliding rail is provided with a plurality of trapezoidal grooves, the trapezoidal grooves are arranged along the axial direction of the sliding rail, the trapezoidal grooves are provided with guiding beads and connecting rods, one end of the connecting rods is provided with a curved surface, the guiding beads are located in the curved surface, the connecting rods are sleeved with return springs, and the guiding beads are in rolling contact with the curved surface and the arc surface.
8. The device for detecting rodent mental alertness according to claim 3, wherein the collection box is provided with a tilt plate, four corners of the bottom surface of the tilt plate extend clockwise and are sequentially provided with a first leg, a second leg, a third leg and a fourth leg from high to low, the first leg is arranged at the left rear position of the tilt plate, the fourth leg is arranged at the right front position of the tilt plate, the rear side wall of the collection box is provided with a plurality of equally spaced water inlets, the water inlets are tightly attached to the surface of the tilt plate, the right side wall of the collection box is provided with a drain hole, the bottom wall of the right side wall of the operation bin is provided with a liquid outlet matched with the drain hole, the drain hole is positioned above the tilt plate, the left and right side walls of the collection box are respectively provided with guide rails, and the left and right walls of the operation bin are provided with guide grooves matched with the guide rails, the guide slot comprises two L type mounting panels that mutual symmetry set up, realize the relative slip through the slip direction subassembly between guide rail and the guide slot.
9. The device for detecting rodent mental alertness according to claim 8, wherein the sliding guide assembly comprises a sliding assembly disposed on the guide rail and a guide assembly disposed on the horizontal inner walls of the two L-shaped mounting plates, the rolling assembly comprises a central mounting hole and an insertion rod, the central mounting hole penetrates through the guide rail along the longitudinal axis direction of the guide rail, the central mounting hole comprises an upper curved surface opening, a lower curved surface opening, an upper large-diameter inner hole, a lower large-diameter inner hole and a small-diameter inner hole connecting the upper large-diameter inner hole and the lower large-diameter inner hole, which are symmetrically disposed along the transverse axis of the guide rail, the insertion rod is disposed in the small-diameter inner hole, the two ends of the insertion rod extend into the upper large-diameter inner hole and the lower large-diameter inner hole respectively, and the ends of the insertion rod are provided with limiting arc plates, a guide spring is disposed in the small-diameter inner hole, and the guide spring is sleeved on the insertion rod, the inner ends of the two balls are respectively in rolling contact with the inner curved surfaces of the two limiting arc plates, and the outer ends of the two balls are respectively positioned in the upper curved surface opening and the lower curved surface opening;
the guide assembly comprises a plurality of guide block units which are sequentially arranged along the horizontal inner wall cross shaft direction of the L-shaped mounting plate, the bottom of each guide block unit is a cambered surface, the cambered surface is positioned in an upper curved surface opening or a lower curved surface opening and is in rolling contact with a ball, the upper end of each guide block unit is provided with a mounting block, the side wall of the mounting block is provided with a moving hole, the horizontal inner wall of the L-shaped mounting plate is provided with a support column, the support column is movably connected with the moving hole through a fixed short rod, the two sides of the upper end of each guide block unit are respectively hinged with a first loop bar and a second loop bar, the upper ends of the first loop bar and the second loop bar are fixedly connected with the horizontal inner wall of the L-shaped mounting plate, the outer sides of the first loop bar and the second loop bar are respectively sleeved with a first limiting spring and a second limiting spring, and one end of each first limiting spring and one end of each second limiting spring are both connected with the horizontal inner wall of the L-shaped mounting plate, the other end of the first limiting spring is connected with the upper end of the guide block unit, and the number of turns of the first limiting spring is larger than that of the second limiting spring.
10. A method for detecting mental alertness in a rodent, comprising the steps of:
step 1: adapting to operating cabin environment
Normal environment lamp, no lifting rod, free movement, 30min each day; assigning each animal to an operating bin where the test is performed daily and the time of the test is recorded;
step 2: operational conditioned reflex training set-up
The normal environment lamp is provided with a lifting rod and can move freely, the food is fixed for once in the first 30s of the experiment, then the food is fed every time the lifting rod of the pressure rod is lifted in 30s until the experimental animal can finish triggering the lifting rod of the pressure rod for the food for 40-50 times in 30min in continuous 5-day operation;
and step 3: stimulation light and nasal poke to food link establishment
Adding a stimulating lamp, lighting the stimulating lamp after the animal pressing rod lifts the rod T1, lighting the stimulating lamp for 1.5s, recording the rod lifting time T2 of the mouse after the stimulating lamp is lighted, determining the starting of food particle conveying through condition judgment, and obtaining food only when the experimental animal loosens the rod within 1.5s after the stimulating lamp is lighted, otherwise, no food is put in and no response failure is recorded; similarly, if no food is put in by releasing the lifting rod before the stimulation lamp is turned on, the time T1 is initially set to 10s and gradually reduced by 1s every 1 day, which is recorded as premature reaction failure;
and 4, step 4: training completion criteria
After T1 is adjusted to the minimum threshold value for 3s, the food putting starting success rate reaches more than 60% within 30min of continuous 5 days;
and 5: after the training is successful, the drug intervention of the experimental animal can be started
After the intervention is finished, the psychomotor neurobehavioral detection is started, the detection process is carried out according to the step 3, T1 is directly set as the minimum value of 3s, and the failure rate, success rate and reaction time T2 of the animal in the operation of continuously 5 days for 30min are recorded;
step 6: in the process of the steps 1-5, the water inlet switch is opened every half hour, the flowing water is used for cleaning the accumulated animal excrement on the inclined plate, the animal excrement is discharged into the garbage can outside the operation bin along the water discharge hole, and after the detection is finished, the collecting box is moved out for cleaning.
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