CN113331008A - Sweet and glutinous type fresh corn cadmium-reducing selenium-rich planting method - Google Patents
Sweet and glutinous type fresh corn cadmium-reducing selenium-rich planting method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113331008A CN113331008A CN202110810405.1A CN202110810405A CN113331008A CN 113331008 A CN113331008 A CN 113331008A CN 202110810405 A CN202110810405 A CN 202110810405A CN 113331008 A CN113331008 A CN 113331008A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- corn
- soil
- spraying
- sweet
- sowing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method for reducing cadmium and enriching selenium of sweet and glutinous fresh corn, which comprises the steps of soil treatment of a planting field, sowing, spraying in a seedling stage, spraying on leaf surfaces and harvesting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vegetable planting, and particularly relates to a planting method for reducing the content of heavy metals represented by cadmium and improving the content of selenium in sweet and waxy fresh-eating corn.
Background
Sweet-Waxy fresh-eating corn (Sweet-Waxy corn) cultivated by introducing genes with different endosperm colors, Waxy recessiveness and the like into Sweet corn is tender corn with special flavor and quality and is one of the main types of corn, and compared with common corn, the Sweet-Waxy fresh-eating corn has the characteristics of sweetness, glutinousness, tenderness, fragrance and the like. The fresh corn can enrich the dietary structure of urban and rural residents and provide 8 kinds of amino acid, protein, sugar and multiple vitamins necessary for human beings by cooking and eating. The product has high nutritive value, delicious taste and unique flavor, has various medical and health care effects, is deeply welcomed by consumers, and becomes a new economic growth point for some regions and enterprises. In recent years, the demand of sweet and waxy fresh-eating corn is increased along with the continuously improved quality of life, the consumption of the sweet and waxy fresh-eating corn is increased by nearly 10 times in nearly ten years, and the sweet and waxy fresh-eating corn has great market development potential. The total production value of sweet and waxy fresh corn is the fourth of the fresh vegetable products sold in the vegetable crop market, and becomes one of the most popular fresh vegetables in the world. Taking the United states as an example, the number of people consuming sweet waxy fresh corn products reaches 10.5kg per year. The development level of the sweet and waxy fresh-eating corn market is steadily raised all the time, and the price is kept at a relatively high level. The breeding of the new sweet waxy corn varieties of fresh-eating type and food processing type is enhanced by the key breeding units and the seed companies with strong competitiveness in China, and the new varieties emerge endlessly and play an important role in meeting the requirements of structure adjustment and market diversity of the sweet waxy fresh-eating corn industry. The processing development of the sweet and waxy type fresh corn is also faster, the production capacity of the quick-frozen sweet and waxy type fresh corn is on the trend of increasing year by year, the processing technology is basically formed, and the market demand of products is expanded year by year.
Heavy metals represented by cadmium in soil exceed the standard and become important environmental problems for human beings, and the heavy metals have high toxicity, are difficult to degrade and accumulate, can be enriched in organisms, cause pollution to the soil and crops, have great harm to the growth and quality of the crops, and have potential danger of damaging the health of human bodies and animals after being absorbed and enriched by the crops to enter a food chain. The particularity of this pollution is that it is not degraded by soil microorganisms and, after accumulating to a certain extent in the soil, can cause toxicity and damage to the plants.
The selenium fertilizer is applied in the growth process of the sweet and waxy fresh corn, which can not only improve the yield, but also can resist heavy metals; can also promote and regulate the anabolism of plant chlorophyll. Meanwhile, selenium can influence the absorption of plants on other nutrient elements, reduce the phytotoxicity of herbicides, improve the stress resistance of crops, inhibit fungi, enhance the oxidation resistance in plants through the oxidation resistance, improve the stress resistance and the anti-aging capability of the plants and ensure the normal growth of the plants.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the background art and provides a planting method for reducing cadmium and enriching selenium of sweet and waxy fresh corn.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a planting method for reducing the content of heavy metals in fresh corn comprises the following steps:
a. treating the soil of the planting field: selecting a corn planting field, carrying out deep ploughing and soil preparation on the planting field, then applying a base fertilizer, applying a land-melting fertilizer one day before sowing, wherein the spraying amount is 0.8-1.2 kg/mu; simultaneously applying 10-15 g/mu of sodium selenite or 1.5-3 g/mu of sodium selenate;
b. sowing: sowing corn seeds, wherein the row width of the sowing is 50-60 cm, the depth of sowing pits is 2.0-3.0 cm, the distance between every two pits is 25-30 cm, 1-3 corn seeds are placed in every pit, then loosening the soil and covering the corn seeds, and watering the corn seeds;
c. spraying in the seedling stage: when the corn seedlings grow to 3-5 leaves, spraying a sweet-soil-improving agent and a gunning agent, wherein the spraying amount of the sweet-soil-improving agent is 100-300 g/mu, and the spraying amount of the gunning agent is 6 g/mu;
d. spraying on leaf surfaces in the spinning heading stage: in the morning or evening of sunny weather, 100 ml of the special selenium fertilizer for the corn is uniformly mixed with water according to the proportion of 1:500, and then is uniformly sprayed to the corn leaves by a sprayer, so that the application in high-temperature days and windy days is avoided, and if the special selenium fertilizer is exposed to rainfall within 8 hours after spraying, the special selenium fertilizer needs to be sprayed again;
e. harvesting: the corn is harvested periodically after the corn enters a mature period.
Preferably, the corn planting field is selected from loose soil with good water absorption and permeability and fertile soil.
Preferably, the base fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by area: 14.5-17 kg of pure nitrogen, 6-7 kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 25-30 kg of potassium oxide.
Compared with the prior art, the planting method for reducing the heavy metal content of the fresh-eating corn disclosed by the invention starts with a vertical system consisting of soil and plants, sprays the soil for melting soil and soaks the seeds for melting soil and beautifying before sowing, so that a barrier effect is formed after planting, most heavy metals are fixed in plant root systems, the transportation of the heavy metals from the root systems to stem leaves and seeds is reduced, the heavy metal content of the sweet and glutinous fresh-eating corn product is effectively reduced, the selenium content of the product is improved, and the product yield is increased.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the contents of the present invention.
First embodiment
The planting method for reducing the heavy metal content of the fresh corn disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps:
a. treating the soil of the planting field: selecting a corn planting field, carrying out deep ploughing and soil preparation on the planting field, then applying a base fertilizer, and applying a land-melting agent one day before sowing, wherein the ratio of the base fertilizer is as follows: 14.5 kg/mu of pure nitrogen, 6 kg/mu of phosphorus pentoxide and 25 kg/mu of potassium oxide, and the spraying amount of the composition for soil-melting beauty is 0.8 kg/mu; simultaneously applying 10 g/mu of sodium selenite or 1.5 g/mu of sodium selenate;
b. sowing: sowing corn seeds, wherein the row width of sowing is 50 cm, the depth of sowing pits is 2.0cm, the distance between every two pits is 25cm, 2 corn seeds are placed in every pit, then loosening soil and covering are performed, and watering is performed;
c. spraying in the seedling stage: when the corn seedlings grow to 3 leaves, spraying a soil-melting beauty agent and a gunning agent, wherein the spraying amount of the soil-melting beauty agent is 100 g/mu, and the spraying amount of the gunning agent is 6 g/mu;
d. spraying on leaf surfaces in the spinning heading stage: in the morning or evening of sunny weather, 100 ml of the special selenium fertilizer for the corn is uniformly mixed with water according to the proportion of 1:500, and then the mixture is uniformly sprayed to the corn leaves by a sprayer; the application in high-temperature days and windy days is avoided; if the spraying is carried out within 8 hours and rainfall occurs, the spraying is carried out again; the personnel who fertilize need to do personal protection, wear the working clothes, wear the gauze mask, avoid inhaling the selenium fertilizer as much as possible;
e. harvesting: the corn is harvested periodically after the corn enters a mature period.
Second embodiment
The planting method for reducing the heavy metal content of the fresh corn disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps:
a. treating the soil of the planting field: selecting a corn planting field, carrying out deep ploughing and soil preparation on the planting field, then applying a base fertilizer, and applying a land-melting agent one day before sowing, wherein the ratio of the base fertilizer is as follows: 15.5 kg/mu of pure nitrogen, 6.5 kg/mu of phosphorus pentoxide and 27 kg/mu of potassium oxide, and the spraying amount of the composition for soil-melting beauty is 1 kg/mu; simultaneously applying 12 g/mu of sodium selenite or 2.0 g/mu of sodium selenate;
b. sowing: sowing the pretreated corn seeds, wherein the row width of the sowing is 55 cm, the depth of sowing pits is 2.5cm, the distance between every two pits is 25cm, 2 corn seeds are placed in every pit, loosening the soil and covering the corn seeds, and watering the corn seeds;
c. spraying in the seedling stage: when the corn seedlings grow to 4 leaves, spraying the sweet land and the gunning, wherein the spraying amount of the sweet land is 200 g/mu, and the spraying amount of the gunning is 6 g/mu;
d. spraying on leaf surfaces in the spinning heading stage: in the morning or evening of sunny weather, 100 milliliters of the selenium fertilizer special for the corn is uniformly mixed with water according to the proportion of 1:500, and then is uniformly sprayed to the corn leaves by a sprayer, so that the application in high-temperature days and windy days is avoided, if the corn leaves are exposed to rainfall within 8 hours after spraying, the corn leaves need to be sprayed again, and fertilizing staff need to make personal protection, wear working clothes and wear a mask to avoid absorbing the selenium fertilizer as much as possible;
e. harvesting: the corn is harvested periodically after the corn enters a mature period.
Third embodiment
a. Treating the soil of the planting field: selecting a corn planting field, carrying out deep ploughing and soil preparation on the planting field, then applying a base fertilizer, and applying a land-melting agent one day before sowing, wherein the ratio of the base fertilizer is as follows: 16 kg/mu of pure nitrogen, 7 kg/mu of phosphorus pentoxide and 28 kg/mu of potassium oxide, and the spraying amount of the composition for the soil-melting beauty is 0.8 kg/mu; simultaneously applying 10 g/mu of sodium selenite or 1.5 g/mu of sodium selenate;
b. sowing: sowing the pretreated corn seeds, wherein the row width of the sowing is 50 cm, the depth of sowing pits is 2.0cm, the distance between every two pits is 25cm, 2 corn seeds are placed in every pit, and then the corn seeds are loosened to cover the pits and watered;
c. spraying on leaf surfaces in the spinning heading stage: in the morning or evening of sunny weather, 100 ml of the special selenium fertilizer for the corn is uniformly mixed with water according to the proportion of 1:500, and then the mixture is uniformly sprayed to the corn leaves by a sprayer. Avoiding application in high-temperature days and windy days. If the spraying is carried out within 8 hours and rainfall occurs, the spraying is carried out again. The personnel who fertilize need do the personal protection, wear the work clothes, wear the gauze mask, avoid inhaling selenium fertilizer as far as possible.
d. Harvesting: the corn is harvested periodically after the corn enters a mature period.
Fourth embodiment
The planting method for reducing the heavy metal content of the fresh corn disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps:
a. treating the soil of the planting field: selecting a corn planting field, carrying out deep ploughing and soil preparation on the planting field, then applying a base fertilizer, and applying a land-melting agent one day before sowing, wherein the ratio of the base fertilizer is as follows: 17 kg/mu of pure nitrogen, 7 kg/mu of phosphorus pentoxide and 30 kg/mu of potassium oxide, and the spraying amount is 1.2 kg/mu; simultaneously applying 15 g/mu of sodium selenite or 3.0 g/mu of sodium selenate;
b. seed treatment: pretreating the selected corn seeds;
c. sowing: sowing the pretreated corn seeds, wherein the row width of the sowing is 60 cm, the depth of sowing pits is 3.0cm, the distance between every two pits is 30cm, 2 corn seeds are placed in every pit, and then loosening soil, covering and watering are carried out;
d. spraying in the seedling stage: when the corn seedlings grow to 5 leaves, spraying a sweet land and protecting solution, wherein the spraying amount of the sweet land is 300 g/mu, and the spraying amount of the protecting solution is 6 g/mu;
e. spraying on leaf surfaces in the spinning heading stage: in the morning or evening of sunny weather, 100 milliliters of the selenium fertilizer special for the corn is uniformly mixed with water according to the proportion of 1:500, and then is uniformly sprayed to the corn leaves by a sprayer, so that the application in high-temperature days and windy days is avoided, if the corn leaves are exposed to rainfall within 8 hours after spraying, the corn leaves need to be sprayed again, and fertilizing staff need to make personal protection, wear working clothes and wear a mask to avoid absorbing the selenium fertilizer as much as possible;
f. harvesting: the corn is harvested periodically after the corn enters a mature period.
Comparative examples
A planting method of fresh corn comprises the following steps:
a. treating a planting field: selecting loose, good-water-absorption-permeability and fertile soil as a corn planting field, carrying out deep ploughing and soil preparation on the planting field, and then applying a base fertilizer;
b. seed treatment: pretreating the selected corn seeds;
c. sowing: sowing the pretreated corn seeds, wherein the row width of the sowing is 60 cm, the depth of sowing pits is 3.0cm, the distance between every two pits is 30cm, 2 corn seeds are placed in every pit, loosening the soil and covering the corn seeds, and watering the corn seeds;
d. spraying in the seedling stage: spraying a herbicide when the corn seedlings grow to 5 leaves, and adding a fertilizer when the corn seedlings grow to 14-18 leaves;
e. harvesting: periodically harvesting corns after the corns enter a mature period.
For the fresh corn planted in the three examples, comparative analysis is performed in several aspects (where several comparative parameters are given, such as a certain heavy metal content), and the following table is specifically shown:
| first embodiment | Second embodiment | Third embodiment | Third embodiment | Comparative examples | |
| Increase in yield (%) | 5.0 | 5.6 | 3.1 | 5.4 | 0 |
| Reduction of cadmium content (%) | 2.9 | 3.8 | 2.0 | 3.1 | 0 |
| Increase in selenium content (%) | 3.2 | 4.0 | 2.3 | 3.6 | 0 |
Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the disclosure of the embodiments, but includes various alternatives and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims of the present patent application.
Claims (3)
1. A planting method for reducing cadmium and enriching selenium of sweet and glutinous fresh corn is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. treating the soil of the planting field: selecting a corn planting field, carrying out deep ploughing and soil preparation on the planting field, then applying a base fertilizer, applying a land-melting fertilizer one day before sowing, wherein the spraying amount is 0.8-1.2 kg/mu; simultaneously applying 10-15 g/mu of sodium selenite or 1.5-3 g/mu of sodium selenate;
b. sowing: sowing corn seeds, wherein the row width of the sowing is 50-60 cm, the depth of sowing pits is 2-3 cm, the distance between every two pits is 25-30 cm, 1-3 corn seeds are placed in every pit, then loosening the soil and covering the corn seeds, and watering the corn seeds;
c. spraying in the seedling stage: when the corn seedlings grow to 3-5 leaves, spraying a sweet-soil-improving agent and a gunning agent, wherein the spraying amount of the sweet-soil-improving agent is 100-300 g/mu, and the spraying amount of the gunning agent is 6 g/mu;
d. spraying on leaf surfaces in the spinning heading stage: in the morning or evening of sunny weather, 100 ml of the special selenium fertilizer for the corn is uniformly mixed with water according to the proportion of 1:500, and then is uniformly sprayed to the corn leaves by a sprayer, so that the application in high-temperature days and windy days is avoided, and if the special selenium fertilizer is exposed to rainfall within 8 hours after spraying, the special selenium fertilizer needs to be sprayed again;
e. harvesting: the corn is harvested periodically after the corn enters a mature period.
2. The planting method for reducing the heavy metal content of fresh corn according to claim 1, wherein the planting method comprises the following steps: the corn planting field selects loose soil with good water absorption and permeability and fertility.
3. The planting method for cadmium reduction and selenium enrichment of sweet waxy fresh corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: the composition ratio of the base fertilizer per mu is as follows: 14.5-17 kg of pure nitrogen, 6-7 kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 25-30 kg of potassium oxide.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110810405.1A CN113331008A (en) | 2021-07-19 | 2021-07-19 | Sweet and glutinous type fresh corn cadmium-reducing selenium-rich planting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110810405.1A CN113331008A (en) | 2021-07-19 | 2021-07-19 | Sweet and glutinous type fresh corn cadmium-reducing selenium-rich planting method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113331008A true CN113331008A (en) | 2021-09-03 |
Family
ID=77479936
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110810405.1A Pending CN113331008A (en) | 2021-07-19 | 2021-07-19 | Sweet and glutinous type fresh corn cadmium-reducing selenium-rich planting method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113331008A (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103650853A (en) * | 2013-11-30 | 2014-03-26 | 广西桂林天然食品有限公司 | Selenium, zinc and calcium rich corn cultivation method |
| CN104355740A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-02-18 | 恩施茂和食品有限公司 | Selenium-containing trace element corn leaf fertilizer and cultivation technique thereof for selenium-rich corn |
| CN106717833A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 李根梅 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich corn |
| CN110024636A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-19 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Selenium-rich corn cultivation technique |
-
2021
- 2021-07-19 CN CN202110810405.1A patent/CN113331008A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103650853A (en) * | 2013-11-30 | 2014-03-26 | 广西桂林天然食品有限公司 | Selenium, zinc and calcium rich corn cultivation method |
| CN104355740A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-02-18 | 恩施茂和食品有限公司 | Selenium-containing trace element corn leaf fertilizer and cultivation technique thereof for selenium-rich corn |
| CN106717833A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 李根梅 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich corn |
| CN110024636A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-19 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Selenium-rich corn cultivation technique |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 周家武等: "生物菌肥与单硅酸混用对水稻子粒的降镉效果", 《湖北农业科学》 * |
| 张瑞萍等: "高活性融地美对保护地土壤改良的效果研究", 《现代农业科技》 * |
| 胡庆华等: "《科技农业 高效农业 大蒜丰产栽培与病虫害防治》", 30 April 2021, 科学技术文献出版社 * |
| 黄太庆等: "不同配方含硒叶面肥对水稻富硒降镉的影响", 《南方农业学报》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108782061B (en) | Treatment method for preventing pineapple fruit cracking and stem cracking | |
| CN105418278A (en) | Fertilizer for improving high temperature and cloudy or rainy day adaptability of plants | |
| Goenaga et al. | Yield performance of banana irrigated with fractions of Class A pan evaporation in a semiarid environment | |
| Singh et al. | Studies on the effect of foliar spray of Zn, Cu and B on growth, yield and fruit quality of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L.) cv. Mosambi | |
| CN116831150A (en) | Cultivation method for preventing diseases and insect pests of ginger | |
| CN110178677A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of dry-hot valley hyacinth bean and grape interplanting | |
| CN116806850A (en) | Plant growth promoter prepared from fungal metabolite | |
| CN115152558A (en) | Peanut oil-increasing selenium-rich planting method | |
| CN110754362B (en) | Culture medium and culture method of selenium-rich anoectochilus roxburghii | |
| CN114027011A (en) | Green fertilizing method for peach orchard | |
| CN113331008A (en) | Sweet and glutinous type fresh corn cadmium-reducing selenium-rich planting method | |
| CN113264791A (en) | Fertilizer with yield increasing effect | |
| Khardia et al. | Influence of plant growth regulators and zinc fertilization on growth & yield attribute of Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum L.] | |
| Pippal et al. | Response of guava to foliar spray of zinc, boron and magnesium on growth, development and yield | |
| CN113141838A (en) | Long-term foliar fertilization method for oil tea fruit growth | |
| CN107371690B (en) | Carrot quantitative selenium-rich planting method | |
| CN102249781A (en) | Green element chemical fertilizer | |
| Purohit et al. | Response of pre harvest spray of calcium nitrate and gibberellic acid on fruiting characters of guava cv. l-49 | |
| CN115517141B (en) | Cultivation method for improving protein content of triticale and micro-fertilizer | |
| CN115849969B (en) | Sunflower fertilizer synergist and application thereof | |
| Rabeh et al. | The effects of application of yeast extracts, seaweed and farmyard manure as a partial substitute for mineral fertilization on fruiting of Balady mandarin | |
| CN114097519B (en) | Chinese torreya planting method | |
| Patnaik et al. | Enhancing cane and sugar productivity applying variable modes of plant growth regulators in sugarcane (Saccharum sp. complex) cultivation under coastal climatic conditions of India | |
| CN107278598A (en) | A kind of greenhouse gardening method of selenium-enriched watermelon | |
| CN108934839B (en) | Cultivation method capable of improving disease resistance of corn |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20220803 Address after: Building of Science and Technology Museum, No. 8 Qingnian West Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, 226006 Applicant after: Nantong Rural Professional Technology Association Applicant after: Jiangsu Chenyang Food Co., Ltd. Address before: 226000 Nantong Science and Technology Museum, No. 8, Qingnian West Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: Nantong Rural Professional Technology Association Applicant before: JIANGSU JIAAN FOOD Co.,Ltd. |
|
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |