CN113320150B - Powder bed substrate rotating device capable of realizing unsupported printing - Google Patents
Powder bed substrate rotating device capable of realizing unsupported printing Download PDFInfo
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- CN113320150B CN113320150B CN202110598492.9A CN202110598492A CN113320150B CN 113320150 B CN113320150 B CN 113320150B CN 202110598492 A CN202110598492 A CN 202110598492A CN 113320150 B CN113320150 B CN 113320150B
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- bevel gear
- ball head
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- powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
Abstract
A powder bed substrate rotating device capable of realizing unsupported printing comprises a rack, wherein the bottom of the rack is connected with a rack bottom plate, 1 lead screw is distributed and installed at 4 corners inside the rack, two opposite corners are first lead screws, two opposite corners are second lead screws, the bottom of each first lead screw is connected with a first stepping motor through a coupler, and the bottom of each second lead screw is directly inserted into the rack bottom plate and can freely rotate; the 4 lead screws are connected with a bracket, the middle part of the rack is connected with the powder storage plate, the bracket penetrates through the powder storage plate, the top of the bracket is connected with a ball head structure through a rotating structure, and the ball head structure is connected with a printing substrate; the invention can lead the printing substrate to be inclined along any angle within the set angle range, thereby changing the printing direction and realizing the unsupported printing; the printing device has the advantages of good sealing performance, high integration degree, sensitive control, stable structure, wide application range, capability of realizing unsupported printing and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a powder bed substrate rotating device capable of realizing unsupported printing.
Background
In the existing powder bed printing equipment, a printing substrate can only move up and down in a cavity, when a printing part is complex, support needs to be added to a part of structure, so that the structure is prevented from sinking under the action of the external force of a scraper in the powder spreading process, and the integral precision of the part is not affected; after printing is finished, the supporting structure needs to be removed, but the support of some internal structures is often difficult to remove, and the internal stress of the part is released when the support is removed, so that the part is deformed, and the integral precision of the part is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a powder bed substrate rotating device capable of realizing unsupported printing, which can enable a printing substrate to incline along any angle within a set angle range, thereby changing the printing direction and realizing the unsupported printing; the printing device has the advantages of good sealing performance, high integration degree, sensitive control, stable structure, wide application range, capability of realizing unsupported printing and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a powder bed substrate rotating device capable of realizing unsupported printing comprises a rack 1, wherein the bottom of the rack 1 is connected with a rack bottom plate 7, 1 lead screw is distributed and installed at 4 corners inside the rack 1, two opposite corners are first lead screws 4, two opposite corners are second lead screws 9, the bottom of each first lead screw 4 is connected with a first stepping motor 6 through a coupler 5, and the bottom of each second lead screw 9 is directly inserted on the rack bottom plate 7 and can rotate freely; be connected with bracket 3 on 4 lead screws, 1 middle part of frame and store up whitewashed board 2 and connect, bracket 3 passes and stores up whitewashed board 2, and revolution mechanic and bulb structure 10 are connected are passed through at bracket 3's top, are connected with on the bulb structure 10 and print base plate 22.
The bottom of the machine frame 1 is provided with a screw hole 104, so that the machine frame 1 is connected with a machine frame bottom plate 7 through a first screw 8;
the lower part of the frame 1 is provided with a bracket slot 105, the bracket slot 105 is used for placing the bracket 3, a bracket guide rail 103 is arranged on the periphery in the bracket slot 105, and the bracket guide rail 103 is matched with a bracket sliding block 301;
a first screw hole 102 is designed in the frame 1, and the first screw hole 102 is used for positioning the first lead screw 4 and the second lead screw 9;
the middle part of the frame 1 is provided with a powder storage plate groove 106, two sides of the powder storage plate groove 106 are provided with powder storage plate guide rails 107, two sides of the powder storage plate 2 are provided with powder storage plate guide rail grooves 201, the powder storage plate groove 106 is used for placing the powder storage plate 2, and the powder storage plate guide rails 107 are matched with the powder storage plate guide rail grooves 201;
two sides of the upper part of the frame 1 are provided with cleaning grooves 101, and the lower ends of the cleaning grooves 101 are communicated with the powder storage plate 2; the middle of the upper part of the frame 1 is provided with a ball head groove 108, and the ball head groove 108 is of a cylindrical structure and is used for being matched with the ball head structure 10 to play a role in sealing.
The middle cylinder of the bracket 3 is of a hollow structure, a second stepping motor 14 of the rotating mechanism is embedded in the upper end of the bracket 3, and the second stepping motor 14 is connected with the small bevel gear 13 and used for driving the small bevel gear 13;
the lower part of the middle cylinder of the bracket 3 is provided with a vibration exciter arrangement hole 303 for arranging a vibration exciter 17;
the bracket 3 cooperates with the first lead screw 4 and the second lead screw 9 by means of a nut 23 arranged all around.
An adjustable base 701 is arranged below the bottom plate 7 of the rack.
The powder storage plate 2 is provided with a spherical handle 202.
The ball head structure 10 is a double-layer spherical shell structure and forms a seal with the surface of the ball head groove 108; a plurality of powder circulation holes 1001 are formed in the outer side of the spherical shell, and the powder circulation holes 1001 point to the upper end of the spherical shell; a communicated powder circulating cavity 1004 is designed between the two spherical shells, and when the ball head structure 10 rotates, powder on the extruded side is timely and circularly discharged; the upper end of the ball head structure 10 is designed with an embedded substrate slot 1002, and the embedded substrate slot 1002 is used for placing the printing substrate 22; two supporting rod grooves 1003 are formed in the ball head structure 10, and the supporting rod grooves 1003 are used for being connected with a supporting rod 15 of the rotating mechanism; the ball head structure 10 is processed by a 3D printing technique.
The rotating mechanism is of a differential-like structure and comprises a large bevel gear 12, a small bevel gear 13, a second stepping motor 14, first inner bevel gears 16, a second inner bevel gear 18, a third stepping motor 19 and a stepping motor tray 20, wherein the two first inner bevel gears 16 are connected with the ball head structure 10 through supporting rods 15, one supporting rod 15 is fixedly connected with a supporting rod groove 1003, and the other supporting rod can freely rotate with the supporting rod groove 1003;
a large bevel gear 12 meshed with the small bevel gear 13 is fixed on the bracket 3 through a first large bevel gear carrier 302, two second large bevel gear carriers 1201 are connected to the large bevel gear 12, and the second large bevel gear carriers 1201 are used for installing second inner bevel gears 18; the small bevel gear 13 drives the large bevel gear 12 to rotate under the driving of the second stepping motor 14, the whole inner bevel gear mechanism is driven to rotate through the second large bevel gear rack 1201, and the ball head structure 10 is driven to rotate around the X axis through the support rod 15;
a third stepping motor 19 is arranged between the two second inner bevel gears 18, and the third stepping motor 19 is connected with one second inner bevel gear 18 to drive the second inner bevel gear 18 to rotate; a stepping motor tray 20 is arranged on the other second inner bevel gear 18 side, and the stepping motor tray 20 is fixedly connected with the second large bevel gear frame 1201 and used for placing a third stepping motor 19;
the second internal bevel gear 18 is meshed with the first internal bevel gear 16;
when the third step motor 19 outputs power, the second internal bevel gear 18 connected with the third step motor transmits the power to the first internal bevel gears 16 at two sides, and the ball head structure 10 is driven to rotate around the Y axis through the support rod 15 fixedly connected with the ball head structure 10; through the combination of free rotation around the X axis and around the Y axis within a certain angle range, the ball head structure 10 can incline to any direction by a certain angle.
In the printing process, when meeting the condition that the direction of constructing the part needs to be changed, the planar structure vertical to the direction of constructing is printed out firstly and serves as a substrate, then the ball head structure 10 is rotated and the bracket 3 is moved up and down, the direction of constructing is adjusted to be located in the vertical direction, the plane of the substrate coincides with the powder spreading plane at the moment, and then the part is printed continuously along the vertical direction.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention can realize the unsupported printing of the powder bed in a certain range, reduce the difficulty of removing the support and improve the precision of parts.
(2) The ball head structure 10 is used as a rotating and sealing part, and has the advantages of flexible rotation, multiple directions, good sealing performance and the like.
(3) The invention integrates the rotating mechanism for controlling the rotation of the ball head structure 10 in the ball head, and uses the differential mechanism-like structure as the rotating mechanism, so that the ball head structure 10 can incline to a certain angle in any direction, and has the advantages of sensitive control, stable structure, high integration degree, wide application range and the like.
(4) The ball head structure 10 is a double-layer spherical shell structure, so that powder on the extruded side can be discharged in time when the ball head structure 10 rotates, and the rotation flexibility of the ball head structure 10 is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the rack 2 and the rack bottom plate 7 according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the present invention with the frame 2 removed.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the ball head structure 10 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a front view of the bracket 3 and the rotating mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a side view of the bracket 3 and the rotating mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a top view of the bracket 3 and the rotating mechanism of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a printing process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a powder bed substrate rotating device capable of realizing unsupported printing includes a frame 1, the bottom of the frame 1 is connected with a frame bottom plate 7, 1 lead screw is distributed and mounted at 4 angular positions inside the frame 1, two opposite angles are first lead screws 4, two opposite angles are second lead screws 9, the bottom of the first lead screw 4 is connected with a first stepping motor 6 through a coupler 5, and the bottom of the second lead screw 9 is directly inserted into a second lead screw hole 702 of the frame bottom plate 7 and can freely rotate; be connected with bracket 3 on 4 lead screws, 1 middle part of frame is connected with powder storage plate 2, and bracket 3 passes powder storage plate 2, and revolution mechanic and bulb structure 10 are passed through at bracket 3's top and are connected.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the bottom of the rack 1 is provided with a screw hole 104, so that the rack 1 is connected with the rack bottom plate 7 through a first screw 8;
the lower part of the frame 1 is provided with a bracket slot 105, the bracket slot 105 is used for placing the bracket 3, the bracket guide rail 103 is arranged on the periphery in the bracket slot 105, and the bracket guide rail 103 is matched with the bracket slide block 301, so that the sliding of the bracket 3 is more stable;
a first screw hole 102 is designed in the frame 1, and the first screw hole 102 is used for positioning the first lead screw 4 and the second lead screw 9;
the middle part of the frame 1 is provided with a powder storage plate groove 106, two sides of the powder storage plate groove 106 are provided with powder storage plate guide rails 107, two sides of the powder storage plate 2 are provided with powder storage plate guide rail grooves 201, the powder storage plate groove 106 is used for placing the powder storage plate 2, and the powder storage plate guide rails 107 are matched with the powder storage plate guide rail grooves 201;
Referring to fig. 1, 3, 5, 6 and 7, the middle cylinder of the bracket 3 is a hollow structure to reduce the overall mass; a second stepping motor 14 of the rotating mechanism is embedded in the upper end of the bracket 3, and the second stepping motor 14 is connected with the small bevel gear 13 and used for driving the small bevel gear 13;
a vibration exciter arrangement hole 303 is formed in the lower portion of the middle cylinder of the bracket 3 and used for arranging a vibration exciter 17, and powder circulation in the ball head structure 10 is facilitated through the work of the vibration exciter 17;
the bracket 3 is matched with the first lead screw 4 and the second lead screw 9 through nuts 23 arranged on the periphery; the ball head structure 10 is connected with a printing substrate 22 through a second screw 21; driven by the first stepping motor 6, the bracket 3 moves up and down, and then drives the ball head structure 10 and the printing substrate 22 to move up and down.
Referring to fig. 2, an adjustable base 701 is arranged below the frame bottom plate 7 for integral leveling.
Referring to fig. 3, the powder storage plate 2 is used for collecting residual powder on the upper end surface of the frame 1 after printing is completed, and powder leaked from the powder circulation cavity 1004 or powder leakage caused by an excessively large corner in the printing process, so that the powder is prevented from entering a lower transmission mechanism, and the powder is favorably recycled; the powder storage plate 2 is provided with a spherical handle 202, which is convenient for dismounting the powder storage plate 2.
Referring to fig. 4 and 6, the ball head structure 10 is a double-layer spherical shell structure, and the ball head structure itself has a sealing function, so that a seal can be formed with the surface of the ball head groove 108 within a designed angle range; a plurality of powder circulation holes 1001 are formed in the outer side of the spherical shell, and the powder circulation holes 1001 point to the upper end of the spherical shell; a communicated powder circulating cavity 1004 is designed between the two spherical shells and is used for timely and circularly discharging powder on the extruded side when the ball head structure 10 rotates; the upper end of the ball head structure 10 is designed with an embedded substrate slot 1002, and the embedded substrate slot 1002 is used for placing the printing substrate 22; two supporting rod grooves 1003 are formed in the ball head structure 10, and the supporting rod grooves 1003 are used for being connected with a supporting rod 15 of the rotating mechanism; because the structure of the ball head structure 10 is complex, the ball head structure is processed by adopting a 3D printing technology.
Referring to fig. 4, 5, 6 and 7, the rotating mechanism is of a differential-like structure, and includes a large bevel gear 12, a small bevel gear 13, a second stepping motor 14, first inner bevel gears 16, a second inner bevel gear 18, a third stepping motor 19 and a stepping motor tray 20, where two first inner bevel gears 16 are connected with the ball head structure 10 through support rods 15, one support rod 15 is fixedly connected with a support rod groove 1003, and the other support rod can freely rotate with the support rod groove 1003;
a large bevel gear 12 meshed with the small bevel gear 13 is fixed on the bracket 3 through a first large bevel gear carrier 302, two second large bevel gear carriers 1201 are connected to the large bevel gear 12, and the second large bevel gear carriers 1201 are used for installing second inner bevel gears 18; the small bevel gear 13 drives the large bevel gear 12 to rotate under the driving of the second stepping motor 14, the whole inner bevel gear mechanism is driven to rotate through the second large bevel gear rack 1201, and the ball head structure 10 is driven to rotate around the X axis through the support rod 15;
a third stepping motor 19 is arranged between the two second inner bevel gears 18, and the third stepping motor 19 is connected with one second inner bevel gear 18 to drive the second inner bevel gear 18 to rotate; a stepping motor tray 20 is arranged on the other second inner bevel gear 18 side, and the stepping motor tray 20 is fixedly connected with the second large bevel gear frame 1201 and used for placing a third stepping motor 19;
the second internal bevel gear 18 is meshed with the first internal bevel gear 16;
when the third step motor 19 outputs power, the second internal bevel gear 18 connected with the third step motor transmits the power to the first internal bevel gears 16 at two sides, and the ball head structure 10 is driven to rotate around the Y axis through the support rod 15 fixedly connected with the ball head structure 10; the combination of free rotation around the X-axis and the Y-axis within a certain angle range realizes that the ball head structure 10 tilts to an arbitrary direction by a certain angle (the angle is related to the central angle of the ball head structure 10).
Referring to fig. 8, in the printing process, when the construction direction of the part needs to be changed, a planar structure perpendicular to the construction direction is printed as a substrate, the ball head structure 10 is rotated and the bracket 3 is moved up and down, the construction direction is adjusted to be in the vertical direction, the substrate plane coincides with the powder spreading plane, and then the part is continuously printed in the vertical direction.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
in the powder bed printing process, when the construction direction of a part needs to be changed, a small number of structures are printed along the direction to serve as a substrate; and then the rotating mechanism drives the ball head structure 10 to incline to a certain angle in a certain direction, and the construction direction is adjusted to be vertical. This is illustrated here as an example: as shown in fig. 8, in the printing process, the building direction of the part is changed to a direction forming an included angle of 80 ° with the axis a, at this time, an inclined plane structure perpendicular to the building direction is printed as a substrate, and then the ball head structure 10 is driven by the rotating mechanism to rotate 10 ° counterclockwise around the axis perpendicular to the paper surface, so that the building direction can be adjusted to the vertical direction; the bracket 3 is adjusted to move up and down through the first stepping motor 6 and the nut 23, so that the plane of the substrate is superposed with the powder spreading plane, and then the printing of the parts is continued along the vertical direction, and the unsupported printing of the powder bed equipment can be realized.
In the rotation process of the ball head structure 10, powder on the extruded side enters the powder circulation cavity 1004 through the powder circulation hole 1001 on the ball head structure 10, and then is discharged to the powder storage plate 2 or the non-extruded side through the powder circulation hole 1001 in the subsequent printing process; after printing, the residual powder on the upper surface of the frame 2 needs to be swept into the powder storage plate 2 through the cleaning groove 101, and finally, the powder in the powder storage plate 2 is sieved and the like, so that the recycling of the powder is realized.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A powder bed base plate rotary device that can realize unsupported printing includes frame (1), its characterized in that: the bottom of a rack (1) is connected with a rack bottom plate (7), 1 lead screw is distributed and installed at 4 corners in the rack (1), two opposite corners are provided with first lead screws (4), two opposite corners are provided with second lead screws (9), the bottom of each first lead screw (4) is connected with a first stepping motor (6) through a coupler (5), and the bottom of each second lead screw (9) is directly inserted on the rack bottom plate (7) and can freely rotate; the 4 lead screws are connected with a bracket (3), the middle part of the rack (1) is connected with the powder storage plate (2), the bracket (3) penetrates through the powder storage plate (2), the top of the bracket (3) is connected with a ball head structure (10) through a rotating structure, and the ball head structure (10) is connected with a printing substrate (22);
the bottom of the rack (1) is provided with a screw hole (104), so that the rack (1) is connected with a rack bottom plate (7) through a first screw (8);
a bracket groove (105) is formed in the lower portion of the rack (1), the bracket groove (105) is used for placing a bracket (3), a bracket guide rail (103) is installed on the periphery in the bracket groove (105), and the bracket guide rail (103) is matched with a bracket sliding block (301);
a first screw hole (102) is designed in the rack (1), and the first screw hole (102) is used for positioning a first screw (4) and a second screw (9);
the middle part of the frame (1) is provided with a powder storage plate groove (106), two sides of the powder storage plate groove (106) are provided with powder storage plate guide rails (107), two sides of the powder storage plate (2) are provided with powder storage plate guide rail grooves (201), the powder storage plate groove (106) is used for placing the powder storage plate (2), and the powder storage plate guide rails (107) are matched with the powder storage plate guide rail grooves (201);
both sides of the upper part of the frame (1) are provided with cleaning grooves (101), and the lower ends of the cleaning grooves (101) are communicated with the powder storage plate (2); a ball head groove (108) is formed in the middle of the upper portion of the rack (1), and the ball head groove (108) is of a cylindrical structure and is used for being matched with the ball head structure (10) to play a sealing role;
the middle cylinder of the bracket (3) is of a hollow structure, a second stepping motor (14) of the rotating mechanism is embedded in the upper end of the bracket (3), and the second stepping motor (14) is connected with the small bevel gear (13) and used for driving the small bevel gear (13);
the lower part of the middle cylinder of the bracket (3) is provided with a vibration exciter arrangement hole (303) for arranging a vibration exciter (17);
the bracket (3) is matched with the first lead screw (4) and the second lead screw (9) through nuts (23) arranged on the periphery;
the ball head structure (10) is a double-layer ball shell structure and forms sealing with the surface of the ball head groove (108); a plurality of powder circulation holes (1001) are formed in the outer side of the spherical shell, and the powder circulation holes (1001) point to the upper end of the spherical shell; a communicated powder circulating cavity (1004) is designed between the two layers of spherical shells, and when the ball head structure (10) rotates, powder on the extruded side is timely and circularly discharged; the upper end of the ball head structure (10) is provided with an embedded substrate groove (1002), and the embedded substrate groove (1002) is used for placing a printing substrate (22); two supporting rod grooves (1003) are formed in the ball head structure (10), and the supporting rod grooves (1003) are used for being connected with the supporting rods (15); the ball head structure (10) is processed by adopting a 3D printing technology;
the rotating mechanism is of a differential-like structure and comprises a large bevel gear (12), a small bevel gear (13), a second stepping motor (14), first inner bevel gears (16), second inner bevel gears (18), a third stepping motor (19) and a stepping motor tray (20), wherein the two first inner bevel gears (16) are connected with the ball head structure (10) through supporting rods (15), one supporting rod (15) is fixedly connected with a supporting rod groove (1003), and the other supporting rod can freely rotate with the supporting rod groove (1003);
a large bevel gear (12) meshed with the small bevel gear (13) is fixed on the bracket (3) through a first large bevel gear carrier (302), two second large bevel gear carriers (1201) are connected to the large bevel gear (12), and the second large bevel gear carriers (1201) are used for mounting a second inner bevel gear (18); the small bevel gear (13) drives the large bevel gear (12) to rotate under the driving of a second stepping motor (14), the whole inner bevel gear mechanism is driven to rotate through a second large bevel gear rack (1201), and then the ball head structure (10) is driven to rotate around an X axis through a support rod (15);
a third step motor (19) is arranged between the two second inner bevel gears (18), and the third step motor (19) is connected with one second inner bevel gear (18) to drive the second inner bevel gear (18) to rotate; a stepping motor tray (20) is arranged on the other second inner bevel gear (18), and the stepping motor tray (20) is fixedly connected with a second large bevel gear rack (1201) and used for placing a third stepping motor (19);
the second inner bevel gear (18) is meshed with the first inner bevel gear (16);
when the third step motor (19) outputs power, the second inner bevel gear (18) connected with the third step motor transmits the power to the first inner bevel gears (16) on the two sides, and the ball head structure (10) is driven to rotate around the Y axis through the support rod (15) fixedly connected with the ball head structure (10); through the combination of free rotation around the X axis and around the Y axis within a certain angle range, the ball head structure 10 can incline to any direction by a certain angle.
2. The powder bed substrate rotating device capable of achieving unsupported printing according to claim 1, wherein: an adjustable base (701) is arranged below the frame bottom plate (7).
3. The powder bed substrate rotating device capable of achieving unsupported printing according to claim 1, wherein: the powder storage plate (2) is provided with a spherical handle (202).
4. The powder bed substrate rotating device capable of achieving unsupported printing according to claim 1, wherein: in the printing process, when the condition that the construction direction of the part needs to be changed is met, a plane structure perpendicular to the construction direction is printed out firstly to serve as a substrate, then the ball head structure (10) is rotated, the bracket (3) is moved up and down, the construction direction is adjusted to be located in the vertical direction, the plane of the substrate is overlapped with the powder spreading plane at the moment, and then the part is printed continuously in the vertical direction.
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