WO2022021577A1 - Numerical control gear machining machine tool - Google Patents

Numerical control gear machining machine tool Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022021577A1
WO2022021577A1 PCT/CN2020/115934 CN2020115934W WO2022021577A1 WO 2022021577 A1 WO2022021577 A1 WO 2022021577A1 CN 2020115934 W CN2020115934 W CN 2020115934W WO 2022021577 A1 WO2022021577 A1 WO 2022021577A1
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Prior art keywords
axis
vertical beam
vertical
spindle
tool
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PCT/CN2020/115934
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李长顺
邹文毅
蒋恺
史伟
尚吉顺
周庆华
张春晖
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湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司
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Publication of WO2022021577A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022021577A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
    • B23F23/12—Other devices, e.g. tool holders; Checking devices for controlling workpieces in machines for manufacturing gear teeth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to numerical control processing equipment, in particular to a numerical control gear processing machine tool.
  • a traditional CNC gear machine tool consists of a body 1, a tool axis C axis 2, a tool mounting box 3, a first sliding table 4, a workpiece axis A axis 5, a workpiece mounting box 6, a second sliding table 7 and other components assembled.
  • the machine body 1 includes a machine base 11 and an eccentric gantry 12 located above the machine base.
  • the front of the eccentric gantry 12 forms a first vertical side ⁇ , which is used to install the tool axis C axis 2.
  • the rear extension expands the inner side to form a second vertical side surface ⁇ for mounting the workpiece axis A axis 5 , and the second vertical side surface ⁇ is substantially perpendicular to the first vertical side surface ⁇ in the middle.
  • the first vertical side ⁇ of the eccentric gantry 12 is provided with a first linear guide 13 along the first direction (ie, the X direction). Driven by the first motor 14 and the screw mechanism, it can move back and forth in the X direction.
  • the tool shaft C axis 2 is installed on the lower end of the tool installation box 3 and can rotate around the axis C.
  • the tool installation box 3 is installed on the first sliding table through bearings. 4. Inside the first sliding table 4 is installed a second motor (not shown in the figure) that can drive the tool mounting box 3 to rotate around the vertical axis.
  • the first vertical side surface ⁇ is provided with a groove at a position corresponding to the first motor 14 to accommodate part of the volume of the first motor 14 and reduce the lateral height of the screw mechanism.
  • the second vertical side ⁇ of the eccentric gantry 12 is provided with a second linear guide 15 along the second direction (ie the Y direction);
  • the second sliding table 7 moves in the direction, the second sliding table 7 is provided with a third linear guide rail 17 along the third direction (ie the Z direction), and the third linear guide rail 17 is equipped with a fourth motor 18 and a lead screw mechanism to drive
  • the lower part of the workpiece mounting box 6 moving in the third direction, the workpiece axis A axis 5 is mounted on the front end of the workpiece mounting box 6 and can rotate around the axis A.
  • the beam of the eccentric gantry 12 also extends a certain distance back, but its extension length is shorter than that of the wider column. 4) a groove for accommodating the third motor 16 is provided, and the lead screw driven by the third motor 16 passes through the beam from the bottom of the groove and cooperates with the nut part.
  • the numerical control gear machine tool with the above structure has better static rigidity and dynamic rigidity.
  • the vibration of the CNC gear machine tool with the above structure will affect the precision of the gear when the tool rotates at high speed, and even cause the gear to be damaged and scrapped.
  • the static rigidity and dynamic rigidity of the numerically controlled gear machine tool with the above structure can no longer meet the production requirements.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a numerically controlled gear processing machine tool, which has better static rigidity and dynamic rigidity.
  • the numerical control gear processing machine tool of the embodiment of the present invention it comprises:
  • the bed is provided with a first vertical beam, a second vertical beam, and a cross beam erected on the first vertical beam and the second vertical beam;
  • a tool spindle movably mounted on the side of the first vertical beam close to the second vertical beam;
  • a workpiece spindle which is movably mounted on one side of the beam, and the side where the workpiece spindle is located is perpendicular to the side where the tool spindle is located;
  • the tool spindle and the workpiece spindle are capable of linear movement relative to each other in up to three vertical directions, and at least one of the two is capable of angular movement relative to the side on which it rests.
  • the tool spindle is arranged on the inner side of the first vertical beam, and the length of the lever arm between the tool spindle and the first vertical beam is longer than the lever arm from the tool spindle to the first vertical side ⁇ in the traditional structure
  • the length is greatly reduced and the stability is greatly improved.
  • the numerical control gear processing machine tool in the present invention can be used for both milling and grinding. And when it is used for gear grinding, the vibration is greatly weakened, which can effectively ensure the processing accuracy and improve the gear processing quality.
  • a side of the first vertical beam close to the second vertical beam is provided with a first mounting seat that moves along the vertical Y-axis, and the first mounting seat is configured to move along the horizontal Z-axis
  • the tool box body, the tool spindle is arranged in the tool box along the direction parallel to the Z-axis; the cross beam is provided with a first moving along the horizontal X-axis on the side perpendicular to the side where the tool spindle is located.
  • the X axis is perpendicular to the Z axis and the Y axis
  • the second mounting seat is provided with a workpiece box that rotates around the vertical rotation axis B axis, and the workpiece spindle is perpendicular to the The direction of the axis B of the rotation axis is set in the workpiece box.
  • the tool spindle and the workpiece spindle can achieve linear movement in the three directions of X, Y, and Z through the cooperation of the first mounting seat, the second mounting seat and the tool box, and the workpiece spindle passes through the workpiece.
  • the box body can realize the rotation around the B axis of the rotary axis. In actual work, it can realize the spatial position adjustment and angle adjustment between the gear and the tool or the grinding wheel, so as to ensure the smooth progress of the processing.
  • the length of the first vertical beam along the Z-axis direction is greater than that of the second vertical beam, and the side of the first vertical beam close to the second vertical beam is provided with several bars along the Y-axis A Y-axis guide rail extending in the direction, the Y-axis guide rail is located at the edge of the area where the second vertical beam is facing the first vertical beam or at the area where the second vertical beam is facing the first vertical beam outside.
  • the first vertical beam is provided with a first driving mechanism for controlling the movement of the first mounting base along the Y-axis direction, and the first driving mechanism is located at a middle position of the beam.
  • a side surface of the first mounting seat close to the second vertical beam is provided with a first recess cavity extending along the Z-axis direction, and the tool box body is partially fitted into the first In the give-away cavity, the second mounting seat is provided with a second give-away cavity extending along the Y-axis direction, the workpiece box is partially fitted into the second give-away cavity, and the first Reinforcing structures are provided in both the escaping cavity and the second escaping cavity.
  • the bed is provided with a base, the horizontal section of the base is rectangular, and the horizontal projections of the first vertical beam, the second vertical beam and the cross beam are all located on the base.
  • the base is provided with a relocation structure below the workpiece box.
  • the beam is provided with a plurality of X-axis guide rails extending along the X-axis direction on a side perpendicular to the side where the tool spindle is located, and the beam is located on the uppermost X-axis guide rail and
  • a second drive mechanism is disposed in the middle position between the X-axis guide rails at the bottom, and the second drive mechanism is used to control the second mounting seat to move on the X-axis guide rails.
  • Fig. 1 is the first structural representation of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the second structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is the third structural representation of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a conventional structure.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected” and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements.
  • the present invention proposes a CNC gear processing machine tool, which includes:
  • the bed 100, the bed 100 is provided with a first vertical beam 101, a second vertical beam 102, and a beam 103 erected on the first vertical beam 101 and the second vertical beam 102;
  • the C-axis of the tool spindle is movably installed on the side of the first vertical beam 101 close to the second vertical beam 102;
  • the A-axis of the workpiece spindle is movably installed on one side of the beam 103, and the side where the A-axis of the workpiece spindle is located is perpendicular to the side where the C-axis of the tool spindle is located;
  • the C-axis of the tool spindle and the A-axis of the workpiece spindle can move linearly relative to each other in up to three vertical directions, and at least one of the two can move angularly relative to the side on which it is located.
  • the C-axis of the tool spindle is arranged on the inner side of the first vertical beam 101, and the length of the lever arm between the C-axis of the tool spindle and the first vertical beam 101 is longer than that of the tool in the traditional structure.
  • the length of the moment arm from the axis C axis 2 to the first vertical side ⁇ is greatly reduced, and the stability is greatly improved.
  • the numerical control gear processing machine tool in the present invention can be used for both milling and grinding. When used for gear grinding, the vibration of the grinding wheel is greatly weakened when it rotates at high speed, which can effectively ensure the machining accuracy and improve the gear machining quality.
  • the side of the first vertical beam 101 close to the second vertical beam 102 is provided with a first mounting seat 301 that moves along the vertical Y axis
  • the first mounting seat 301 is provided with a first mounting seat 301 that moves along the horizontal Z axis
  • the tool box 300, the C-axis of the tool spindle is arranged in the tool box 300 along the direction parallel to the Z-axis
  • the cross beam 103 is provided with a second mounting seat that moves along the horizontal X-axis on the side of the cross beam 103 that is perpendicular to the side where the C-axis of the tool spindle is located 200, the X axis is perpendicular to the Z axis and the Y axis
  • the second mounting seat 200 is provided with a workpiece box 203 that rotates around the vertical rotation axis B axis
  • the workpiece spindle A axis is arranged along the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis B axis.
  • the C-axis of the tool spindle and the A-axis of the workpiece spindle can realize linear movement in the three directions of X, Y, and Z through the cooperation of the first mounting seat 301, the second mounting seat 200 and the tool box 300, and the workpiece spindle can move in three directions.
  • the A-axis can be rotated around the B-axis of the rotary axis through the workpiece box 203.
  • the spatial position adjustment and angle adjustment between the gear and the tool or grinding wheel can be realized to ensure smooth processing.
  • a grinding wheel dresser can be set on the workpiece box 203 to dress the grinding wheel. set up.
  • the length of the first vertical beam 101 along the Z-axis direction is greater than that of the second vertical beam 102 , and the side of the first vertical beam 101 close to the second vertical beam 102 is provided with a plurality of vertical beams extending along the Y-axis direction.
  • the Y-axis guide rail 106 is located at the edge of the area where the second vertical beam 102 faces the first vertical beam 101 or the outside of the area where the second vertical beam 102 faces the first vertical beam 101 .
  • the second linear guide rails 15 are distributed in the area covered by the uprights of the eccentric gantry 12 , which is difficult to produce and assemble.
  • the Y-axis guide rails 106 are arranged on the first The second vertical beam 102 on a vertical beam 101 is at the edge of the area where the second vertical beam 102 is facing the first vertical beam 101 or at the outer side of the area where the second vertical beam 102 is facing the first vertical beam 101, which is beneficial to the production and processing of the Y-axis guide rail 106.
  • the disassembly and assembly efficiency of the first mounting seat 301 can also be improved.
  • the Y-axis guide rails 106 are provided in two groups and are respectively located at the front and rear edge regions of the first mounting seat 301 . Obviously, the Y-axis guide rail 106 thus arranged has a larger span than the first mounting seat 301 , which can effectively improve the installation stability of the first mounting seat 301 .
  • the first vertical beam 101 is provided with a first driving mechanism 107 for controlling the movement of the first mounting base 301 on the Y-axis guide rail 106 .
  • the first driving mechanism 107 by arranging the first driving mechanism 107 at the middle position of the beam 103, the beam 103 can be effectively supported by the first vertical beam 101 and the second vertical beam 102, and the structural stability is strong.
  • the first driving mechanism 107 is distributed in the middle area between the two sets of Y-axis guide rails 106 to ensure that the friction force between the first mounting seat 301 and the two sets of Y-axis guide rails 106 is close to or consistent, extending service life.
  • a Z-axis guide rail 303 extending along the Z-axis direction is provided on the side of the first mounting seat 301 close to the second vertical beam 102 , and the tool box 300 is mounted on the Z-axis guide rail 303 .
  • the Z-axis guide rails 303 are distributed on the upper and lower edge regions of the tool box body 300 to improve the installation stability.
  • the first mounting seat 301 is provided with a third driving mechanism 302 at an intermediate position between the two sets of Z-axis guide rails 303 , and the third driving mechanism 302 is used to control the tool box 300 to move along the Z-axis guide rails 303 .
  • a plurality of X-axis guide rails 201 extending along the X-axis direction are provided on the side of the beam 103 perpendicular to the side where the C-axis of the tool spindle is located.
  • a second driving mechanism 202 is disposed in the middle position between the lower X-axis guide rails 201 , and the second driving mechanism 202 is used to control the second mounting base 200 to move on the X-axis guide rail 201 .
  • the first driving mechanism 107, the second driving mechanism 202 and the third driving mechanism 302 may adopt a linear motor, a torque motor, a motor screw transmission mechanism, an oil cylinder driving mechanism, a gear transmission mechanism, and a crank connecting rod transmission mechanism .
  • One of the worm gear and worm transmission mechanisms is used for driving. Since such mechanisms belong to the prior art, they will not be described in detail here.
  • the side surface of the first mounting seat 301 close to the second vertical beam 102 is provided with a first recess extending along the Z-axis direction.
  • Positioning cavity, the tool box 300 is partially allocated into the first yielding cavity
  • the second mounting seat 200 is provided with a second yielding cavity extending along the Y-axis direction
  • the workpiece box 203 is partially fitted into the second yielding cavity.
  • the first and second displacement concave cavity are provided with reinforcing structures.
  • the CNC gear processing machine tool set with the above structure can reduce the distance between the center of gravity of the first mounting seat 301 and the tool box body 300 through the first recess cavity, and reduce the distance between the second mounting seat 200 and the workpiece box through the second recess cavity.
  • the distance of the center of gravity of the body 203 is reduced, thereby reducing the arm length of the workpiece spindle A axis and the tool spindle C axis relative to the bed 100, improving the structural stability, and further improving the control accuracy of gear machining.
  • the arrangement of the recessed cavity is beneficial to reduce the weight of the whole machine tool, and has higher structural strength than the structure of the second sliding table 7 and the first sliding table 4 in the conventional structure shown in FIG. 4 . Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG.
  • the arrangement of the reinforcement structure can be used to improve the strength and rigidity between the two sets of guide rails.
  • the reinforcing structure in this embodiment can be flexibly set according to the actual product size and shape, for example, a form of layout in the form of a flexible combination of reinforcing ribs and reinforcing rib plates, which will not be described too much here.
  • the bed 100 is provided with a base 104 , the horizontal section of the base 104 is rectangular, and the horizontal projections of the first vertical beam 101 , the second vertical beam 102 and the cross beam 103 are all located on the base 104 .
  • the numerical control gear processing machine tool in this embodiment increases the area of the base 104, which is beneficial to improve the stability of the machine tool.
  • the base 104 is located below the workpiece box 203 A bypass structure 105 is provided.
  • the numerical control gear processing machine tool in the present invention can be used as both a numerical control gear milling machine and a numerical control gear grinding machine, and has a wide range of applications.
  • the overall size of the first vertical beam 101 is larger than that of the second vertical beam 102, which can provide sufficient support for the first mounting seat 301 and the tool box 300, and at the same time combine the beam 103 and the second vertical beam 102 to fully offset the tool spindle
  • the overall layout and structure are more reasonable than the traditional structure, which can effectively improve the seismic performance of the machine tool and improve the static rigidity and dynamic rigidity of the whole machine.
  • the test shows that the vibration of each component is smaller than that of the traditional structure at high speed, which helps to improve the machining quality of the gear.

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Abstract

A numerical control gear machining machine tool, comprising: a tool body (100), which is provided with a first vertical beam (101), a second vertical beam (102) and a cross beam (103) erectly provided thereon; a tool spindle (C), which is movably mounted on a side surface of the first vertical beam (101) close to the second vertical beam (102); and a workpiece spindle (A), which is movably mounted on one side surface of the cross beam (103), and the side surface in which the workpiece spindle (A) is located being perpendicular to the side surface in which the tool spindle (C) is located. In the numerical control gear machining machine tool, the tool spindle (C) is disposed on an inner side of the first vertical beam (101), and the length of the arm of force between the tool spindle (C) and the first vertical beam (101) is smaller than the length of the arm of force between a tool spindle and a vertical side surface α in a traditional structure, and stability is greater. When the machine tool is used for gear grinding, vibrations are weakened, machining accuracy may be effectively guaranteed, and gear machining quality is improved.

Description

一种数控齿轮加工机床A CNC gear machining machine 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种数控加工设备，特别涉及一种数控齿轮加工机床。The invention relates to numerical control processing equipment, in particular to a numerical control gear processing machine tool.
背景技术Background technique
随着我国重工业的发展，齿轮的应用范围、应用领域不断扩大，齿轮加工的效率、质量变得越来越重要，对于齿轮加工机床的性能有着越来越高的要求。With the development of my country's heavy industry, the application scope and application fields of gears continue to expand, the efficiency and quality of gear processing become more and more important, and there are higher and higher requirements for the performance of gear processing machine tools.
参照图4，一种传统的数控齿轮机床由机体1、刀具轴C轴2、刀具安装箱3、第一滑台4、工件轴A轴5、工件安装箱6、第二滑台7等部件组装而成。Referring to Figure 4, a traditional CNC gear machine tool consists of a body 1, a tool axis C axis 2, a tool mounting box 3, a first sliding table 4, a workpiece axis A axis 5, a workpiece mounting box 6, a second sliding table 7 and other components assembled.
其中，机体1包括机座11及位于机座之上的偏心龙门架12，偏心龙门架12的正面形成第一竖直侧面α，用于安装刀具轴C轴2，其偏宽的立柱整体向后延伸使内侧扩展形成第二竖直侧面β，用于安装工件轴A轴5，第二竖直侧面β大体在中部与第一竖直侧面α垂直。The machine body 1 includes a machine base 11 and an eccentric gantry 12 located above the machine base. The front of the eccentric gantry 12 forms a first vertical side α, which is used to install the tool axis C axis 2. The rear extension expands the inner side to form a second vertical side surface β for mounting the workpiece axis A axis 5 , and the second vertical side surface β is substantially perpendicular to the first vertical side surface α in the middle.
偏心龙门架12的第一竖直侧面α沿第一方向(即X方向)设有第一直线导轨13，第一直线导轨13上设有第一滑台4，第一滑台4在第一电机14和丝杠机构的带动下可沿X方向来回移动，刀具轴C轴2安装在刀具安装箱3的下端，可绕轴线C转动，刀具安装箱3通过轴承安装于第一滑台4，第一滑台4内部安装有可驱动刀具安装箱3绕竖直轴线转动的第二电机(由于遮挡关系，图中未示出)。The first vertical side α of the eccentric gantry 12 is provided with a first linear guide 13 along the first direction (ie, the X direction). Driven by the first motor 14 and the screw mechanism, it can move back and forth in the X direction. The tool shaft C axis 2 is installed on the lower end of the tool installation box 3 and can rotate around the axis C. The tool installation box 3 is installed on the first sliding table through bearings. 4. Inside the first sliding table 4 is installed a second motor (not shown in the figure) that can drive the tool mounting box 3 to rotate around the vertical axis.
第一竖直侧面α在对应于第一电机14的位置开设有凹槽，以容纳第一电机14的部分体积，降低丝杠机构的侧向高度。偏心龙门架12的第二竖直侧面β沿第二方向(即Y方向)设有第二直线导轨15；第二直线导轨15上装有可在第三电机16和丝杠机构带动下沿第二方向移动的第二滑台7，第二滑台7上沿第三方向(即Z方向)设有第三直线导轨17，第三直线导轨17上装有可在第四电机18和丝杠机构带动下沿第三方向移动的工件安装箱6，工件轴A轴5安装于工件安装箱6前端，可绕轴线A转动。The first vertical side surface α is provided with a groove at a position corresponding to the first motor 14 to accommodate part of the volume of the first motor 14 and reduce the lateral height of the screw mechanism. The second vertical side β of the eccentric gantry 12 is provided with a second linear guide 15 along the second direction (ie the Y direction); The second sliding table 7 moves in the direction, the second sliding table 7 is provided with a third linear guide rail 17 along the third direction (ie the Z direction), and the third linear guide rail 17 is equipped with a fourth motor 18 and a lead screw mechanism to drive The lower part of the workpiece mounting box 6 moving in the third direction, the workpiece axis A axis 5 is mounted on the front end of the workpiece mounting box 6 and can rotate around the axis A.
偏心龙门架12的横梁也向后适当的延伸了一定距离，但其延伸的长度要短于偏宽立柱，偏心龙门架12顶部的后侧设计成斜面状，并在中间偏右的位置(在图4中显示为偏左)设有容纳第三电机16的凹槽，由第三电机16驱动的丝杠从凹槽底部穿过横梁后与丝母部件相配合。The beam of the eccentric gantry 12 also extends a certain distance back, but its extension length is shorter than that of the wider column. 4) a groove for accommodating the third motor 16 is provided, and the lead screw driven by the third motor 16 passes through the beam from the bottom of the groove and cooperates with the nut part.
采用上述结构的数控齿轮机床具有较好的静态刚性和动态刚性。但随着要求的提高，经长期工作、试验发现，上述结构设置的数控齿轮机床，在刀具高速旋转时产生的振动会影响齿轮精度，甚至导致齿轮受损报废。并且上述结构设置的数控齿轮机床的静态刚性和动态刚性已不能满足生产需求。The numerical control gear machine tool with the above structure has better static rigidity and dynamic rigidity. However, with the improvement of requirements, after long-term work and experiments, it was found that the vibration of the CNC gear machine tool with the above structure will affect the precision of the gear when the tool rotates at high speed, and even cause the gear to be damaged and scrapped. In addition, the static rigidity and dynamic rigidity of the numerically controlled gear machine tool with the above structure can no longer meet the production requirements.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本发明提出一种数控齿轮加工机床，具有更加出色的静态刚性和动态刚性。The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a numerically controlled gear processing machine tool, which has better static rigidity and dynamic rigidity.
根据本发明实施例的数控齿轮加工机床，其包括：According to the numerical control gear processing machine tool of the embodiment of the present invention, it comprises:
床身，所述床身设置有第一竖梁、第二竖梁和架设于所述第一竖梁、第二竖梁上的横梁；a bed, the bed is provided with a first vertical beam, a second vertical beam, and a cross beam erected on the first vertical beam and the second vertical beam;
刀具主轴，可移动地安装于所述第一竖梁靠近所述第二竖梁的侧面；a tool spindle, movably mounted on the side of the first vertical beam close to the second vertical beam;
工件主轴，可移动地安装于所述横梁的一个侧面，并且所述工件主轴所处侧面垂直于所述刀具主轴所处侧面；a workpiece spindle, which is movably mounted on one side of the beam, and the side where the workpiece spindle is located is perpendicular to the side where the tool spindle is located;
所述刀具主轴和所述工件主轴最多能够在三个垂直方向上彼此相对地线性移动，且两者中至少有一者能够相对于其所处侧面以角度方式运动。The tool spindle and the workpiece spindle are capable of linear movement relative to each other in up to three vertical directions, and at least one of the two is capable of angular movement relative to the side on which it rests.
根据本发明的实施例，至少具有如下技术效果：According to the embodiment of the present invention, it has at least the following technical effects:
采用上述结构设置的数控齿轮加工机床将刀具主轴设置于第一竖梁的内侧，刀具主轴到第一竖梁之间的力臂长度较传统结构中刀具主轴到第一竖直侧面α的力臂长度得到极大地减小，稳定性得到极大地提升。本发明中的数控齿轮加工机床既可以用于铣齿加工，也可以用于磨齿加工。并且当用于进行磨齿加工时，震感得到极大地削弱，能够有效保证加工精度，提升齿轮加工质量。In the CNC gear machining machine set with the above structure, the tool spindle is arranged on the inner side of the first vertical beam, and the length of the lever arm between the tool spindle and the first vertical beam is longer than the lever arm from the tool spindle to the first vertical side α in the traditional structure The length is greatly reduced and the stability is greatly improved. The numerical control gear processing machine tool in the present invention can be used for both milling and grinding. And when it is used for gear grinding, the vibration is greatly weakened, which can effectively ensure the processing accuracy and improve the gear processing quality.
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述第一竖梁靠近所述第二竖梁的侧面设置有沿竖直Y轴移动的第一安装座，所述第一安装座设置有沿水平Z轴移动的刀具箱体，所述刀具主轴沿平行于所述Z轴的方向设置于所述刀具箱体内；所述横梁于垂直于所述刀具主轴所处侧面的侧面设置有沿水平X轴移动的第二安装座，所述X轴垂直于所述Z轴和所述Y轴，所述第二安装座上设置有绕竖直的回转轴B轴旋转的工件箱体，所述工件主轴沿垂直于所述回转轴B轴的方向设置于所述工件箱体内。According to some embodiments of the present invention, a side of the first vertical beam close to the second vertical beam is provided with a first mounting seat that moves along the vertical Y-axis, and the first mounting seat is configured to move along the horizontal Z-axis The tool box body, the tool spindle is arranged in the tool box along the direction parallel to the Z-axis; the cross beam is provided with a first moving along the horizontal X-axis on the side perpendicular to the side where the tool spindle is located. Two mounting seats, the X axis is perpendicular to the Z axis and the Y axis, the second mounting seat is provided with a workpiece box that rotates around the vertical rotation axis B axis, and the workpiece spindle is perpendicular to the The direction of the axis B of the rotation axis is set in the workpiece box.
根据本发明的实施例，至少具有如下技术效果：According to the embodiment of the present invention, it has at least the following technical effects:
采用上述结构设置的数控齿轮加工机床，刀具主轴和工件主轴通过第一安装座、第二安装座和刀具箱体配合能够实现X、Y、Z三个方向上的线性移动，并且 工件主轴通过工件箱体能够实现绕回转轴B轴方向的旋转，在实际工作中，能够实现齿轮与刀具或砂轮之间的空间位置调节、角度调节，确保加工的顺利进行。Using the numerical control gear processing machine tool set with the above structure, the tool spindle and the workpiece spindle can achieve linear movement in the three directions of X, Y, and Z through the cooperation of the first mounting seat, the second mounting seat and the tool box, and the workpiece spindle passes through the workpiece. The box body can realize the rotation around the B axis of the rotary axis. In actual work, it can realize the spatial position adjustment and angle adjustment between the gear and the tool or the grinding wheel, so as to ensure the smooth progress of the processing.
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述第一竖梁沿Z轴方向的长度大于所述第二竖梁，所述第一竖梁靠近所述第二竖梁的侧面设置有若干条沿Y轴方向延伸的Y轴导轨，所述Y轴导轨位于所述第二竖梁正对所述第一竖梁的区域的边缘处或者所述第二竖梁正对所述第一竖梁的区域的外侧。According to some embodiments of the present invention, the length of the first vertical beam along the Z-axis direction is greater than that of the second vertical beam, and the side of the first vertical beam close to the second vertical beam is provided with several bars along the Y-axis A Y-axis guide rail extending in the direction, the Y-axis guide rail is located at the edge of the area where the second vertical beam is facing the first vertical beam or at the area where the second vertical beam is facing the first vertical beam outside.
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述第一竖梁设置有用于控制所述第一安装座沿Y轴方向移动的第一驱动机构，所述第一驱动机构位于所述横梁的中间位置。According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first vertical beam is provided with a first driving mechanism for controlling the movement of the first mounting base along the Y-axis direction, and the first driving mechanism is located at a middle position of the beam.
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述第一安装座靠近所述第二竖梁的侧面设置有沿Z轴方向延伸的第一让位凹腔，所述刀具箱体部分配入所述第一让位凹腔内，所述第二安装座上设置有沿Y轴方向延伸的第二让位凹腔，所述工件箱体部分配入所述第二让位凹腔内，所述第一让位凹腔和所述第二让位凹腔均设置有加强结构。According to some embodiments of the present invention, a side surface of the first mounting seat close to the second vertical beam is provided with a first recess cavity extending along the Z-axis direction, and the tool box body is partially fitted into the first In the give-away cavity, the second mounting seat is provided with a second give-away cavity extending along the Y-axis direction, the workpiece box is partially fitted into the second give-away cavity, and the first Reinforcing structures are provided in both the escaping cavity and the second escaping cavity.
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述床身设置有底座，所述底座的水平截面为矩形，且所述第一竖梁、第二竖梁和横梁的水平投影均位于所述底座上。According to some embodiments of the present invention, the bed is provided with a base, the horizontal section of the base is rectangular, and the horizontal projections of the first vertical beam, the second vertical beam and the cross beam are all located on the base.
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述底座于所述工件箱体的下方设置有让位结构。According to some embodiments of the present invention, the base is provided with a relocation structure below the workpiece box.
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述横梁于垂直于所述刀具主轴所处侧面的侧面设置有多条沿X轴方向延伸的X轴导轨，所述横梁于最上方的所述X轴导轨和最下方的所述X轴导轨之间的中间位置设置有第二驱动机构，所述第二驱动机构用于控制所述第二安装座于所述X轴导轨上移动。According to some embodiments of the present invention, the beam is provided with a plurality of X-axis guide rails extending along the X-axis direction on a side perpendicular to the side where the tool spindle is located, and the beam is located on the uppermost X-axis guide rail and A second drive mechanism is disposed in the middle position between the X-axis guide rails at the bottom, and the second drive mechanism is used to control the second mounting seat to move on the X-axis guide rails.
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth, in part, from the following description, and in part will be apparent from the following description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
附图说明Description of drawings
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
图1是本发明的第一种结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the first structural representation of the present invention;
图2是本发明的第二种结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the second structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
图3是本发明的第三种结构示意图；Fig. 3 is the third structural representation of the present invention;
图4是一种传统结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a conventional structure.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至 终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。The following describes in detail the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Rear, Left, Right, Vertical, Horizontal, Top, Bottom, Inner, Outer, Axial, Radial, Circumferential The orientation or positional relationship indicated by etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, with a specific orientation. The orientation configuration and operation are therefore not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. Furthermore, features delimited with "first", "second" may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.
参照图1至图4，本发明提出一种数控齿轮加工机床，其包括：1 to 4, the present invention proposes a CNC gear processing machine tool, which includes:
床身100，床身100设置有第一竖梁101、第二竖梁102和架设于第一竖梁101、第二竖梁102上的横梁103；The bed 100, the bed 100 is provided with a first vertical beam 101, a second vertical beam 102, and a beam 103 erected on the first vertical beam 101 and the second vertical beam 102;
刀具主轴C轴，可移动地安装于第一竖梁101靠近第二竖梁102的侧面；The C-axis of the tool spindle is movably installed on the side of the first vertical beam 101 close to the second vertical beam 102;
工件主轴A轴，可移动地安装于横梁103的一个侧面，并且工件主轴A轴所处侧面垂直于刀具主轴C轴所处侧面；The A-axis of the workpiece spindle is movably installed on one side of the beam 103, and the side where the A-axis of the workpiece spindle is located is perpendicular to the side where the C-axis of the tool spindle is located;
刀具主轴C轴和工件主轴A轴最多能够在三个垂直方向上彼此相对地线性移动，且两者中至少有一者能够相对于其所处侧面以角度方式运动。The C-axis of the tool spindle and the A-axis of the workpiece spindle can move linearly relative to each other in up to three vertical directions, and at least one of the two can move angularly relative to the side on which it is located.
在图4所示的传统的数控齿轮机床中，加工时，将齿轮装夹于工件轴A轴5上，将刀具或砂轮装夹于刀具轴C轴2上，刀具轴C轴2为悬臂架设结构，当刀具或者砂轮接触齿轮进行加工时，刀具安装箱3和第一滑台4构成的力臂较长，导致整理力矩较大。而采用上述结构设置的本发明中的数控齿轮加工机床将刀具主轴C轴设置于第一竖梁101的内侧，刀具主轴C轴到第一竖梁101之间的力臂长度较传统结构中刀具轴C轴2到第一竖直侧面α的力臂长度得到极大地减小，稳定性得到极大 地提升。本发明中的数控齿轮加工机床既可以用于铣齿加工，也可以用于磨齿加工。当用于进行磨齿加工时，砂轮高速转动时的震感得到极大地削弱，能够有效保证加工精度，提升齿轮加工质量。In the traditional CNC gear machine tool shown in Figure 4, during processing, the gear is clamped on the workpiece axis A axis 5, and the tool or grinding wheel is clamped on the tool axis C axis 2, and the tool axis C axis 2 is cantilevered. Structure, when the tool or the grinding wheel contacts the gear for processing, the force arm formed by the tool mounting box 3 and the first sliding table 4 is relatively long, resulting in a relatively large finishing torque. However, in the CNC gear machining machine tool of the present invention using the above structure, the C-axis of the tool spindle is arranged on the inner side of the first vertical beam 101, and the length of the lever arm between the C-axis of the tool spindle and the first vertical beam 101 is longer than that of the tool in the traditional structure. The length of the moment arm from the axis C axis 2 to the first vertical side α is greatly reduced, and the stability is greatly improved. The numerical control gear processing machine tool in the present invention can be used for both milling and grinding. When used for gear grinding, the vibration of the grinding wheel is greatly weakened when it rotates at high speed, which can effectively ensure the machining accuracy and improve the gear machining quality.
在本发明的一些实施例中，第一竖梁101靠近第二竖梁102的侧面设置有沿竖直Y轴移动的第一安装座301，第一安装座301设置有沿水平Z轴移动的刀具箱体300，刀具主轴C轴沿平行于Z轴的方向设置于刀具箱体300内；横梁103于垂直于刀具主轴C轴所处侧面的侧面设置有沿水平X轴移动的第二安装座200，X轴垂直于Z轴和Y轴，第二安装座200上设置有绕竖直的回转轴B轴旋转的工件箱体203，工件主轴A轴沿垂直于回转轴B轴的方向设置于工件箱体203内。In some embodiments of the present invention, the side of the first vertical beam 101 close to the second vertical beam 102 is provided with a first mounting seat 301 that moves along the vertical Y axis, and the first mounting seat 301 is provided with a first mounting seat 301 that moves along the horizontal Z axis The tool box 300, the C-axis of the tool spindle is arranged in the tool box 300 along the direction parallel to the Z-axis; the cross beam 103 is provided with a second mounting seat that moves along the horizontal X-axis on the side of the cross beam 103 that is perpendicular to the side where the C-axis of the tool spindle is located 200, the X axis is perpendicular to the Z axis and the Y axis, the second mounting seat 200 is provided with a workpiece box 203 that rotates around the vertical rotation axis B axis, and the workpiece spindle A axis is arranged along the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis B axis. Inside the workpiece box 203 .
在上述结构中，刀具主轴C轴和工件主轴A轴通过第一安装座301、第二安装座200和刀具箱体300配合能够实现X、Y、Z三个方向上的线性移动，并且工件主轴A轴通过工件箱体203能够实现绕回转轴B轴方向的旋转，在实际工作中，能够实现齿轮与刀具或砂轮之间的空间位置调节、角度调节，确保加工的顺利进行。In the above structure, the C-axis of the tool spindle and the A-axis of the workpiece spindle can realize linear movement in the three directions of X, Y, and Z through the cooperation of the first mounting seat 301, the second mounting seat 200 and the tool box 300, and the workpiece spindle can move in three directions. The A-axis can be rotated around the B-axis of the rotary axis through the workpiece box 203. In actual work, the spatial position adjustment and angle adjustment between the gear and the tool or grinding wheel can be realized to ensure smooth processing.
本发明中的数控齿轮加工机床在用于磨齿加工时，可以在工件箱体203上设置砂轮修整器，以修整砂轮，砂轮修整器的转轴可以参照图1所示平行于工件主轴A轴进行设置。When the numerical control gear machining machine tool in the present invention is used for gear grinding, a grinding wheel dresser can be set on the workpiece box 203 to dress the grinding wheel. set up.
在本发明的一些实施例中，第一竖梁101沿Z轴方向的长度大于第二竖梁102，第一竖梁101靠近第二竖梁102的侧面设置有若干条沿Y轴方向延伸的Y轴导轨106，Y轴导轨106位于第二竖梁102正对第一竖梁101的区域的边缘处或者第二竖梁102正对第一竖梁101的区域的外侧。In some embodiments of the present invention, the length of the first vertical beam 101 along the Z-axis direction is greater than that of the second vertical beam 102 , and the side of the first vertical beam 101 close to the second vertical beam 102 is provided with a plurality of vertical beams extending along the Y-axis direction. The Y-axis guide rail 106 is located at the edge of the area where the second vertical beam 102 faces the first vertical beam 101 or the outside of the area where the second vertical beam 102 faces the first vertical beam 101 .
在图4所示的传统结构中，其中第二直线导轨15分布在偏心龙门架12的立柱遮挡的区域，生产组装难度大，而采用上述结构的本实施例，将Y轴导轨106设置在第一竖梁101上第二竖梁102正对第一竖梁101的区域的边缘处或者第二竖梁102正对第一竖梁101的区域的外侧，有利于Y轴导轨106的生产加工，同时也能够提高第一安装座301的拆装效率。In the conventional structure shown in FIG. 4 , the second linear guide rails 15 are distributed in the area covered by the uprights of the eccentric gantry 12 , which is difficult to produce and assemble. However, in this embodiment using the above structure, the Y-axis guide rails 106 are arranged on the first The second vertical beam 102 on a vertical beam 101 is at the edge of the area where the second vertical beam 102 is facing the first vertical beam 101 or at the outer side of the area where the second vertical beam 102 is facing the first vertical beam 101, which is beneficial to the production and processing of the Y-axis guide rail 106. At the same time, the disassembly and assembly efficiency of the first mounting seat 301 can also be improved.
参照图2，在一些实施例中，Y轴导轨106设置有两组且分别位于第一安装座301的前后边缘区域。显然，如此设置的Y轴导轨106相对于第一安装座301而言跨度大，能够有效提高第一安装座301的安装稳定性。Referring to FIG. 2 , in some embodiments, the Y-axis guide rails 106 are provided in two groups and are respectively located at the front and rear edge regions of the first mounting seat 301 . Obviously, the Y-axis guide rail 106 thus arranged has a larger span than the first mounting seat 301 , which can effectively improve the installation stability of the first mounting seat 301 .
在本发明的一些实施例中，第一竖梁101设置有用于控制第一安装座301于Y轴导轨106上移动的第一驱动机构107，第一驱动机构107位于横梁103的中间位 置。本实施例中通过将第一驱动机构107设置于横梁103的中间位置，能够通过第一竖梁101、第二竖梁102有效支撑横梁103，结构稳定性强。参照图2，该第一驱动机构107分布于两组Y轴导轨106之间的中间区域，以确保第一安装座301与两组Y轴导轨106之间摩擦力接近或一致，延长使用寿命。In some embodiments of the present invention, the first vertical beam 101 is provided with a first driving mechanism 107 for controlling the movement of the first mounting base 301 on the Y-axis guide rail 106 . In this embodiment, by arranging the first driving mechanism 107 at the middle position of the beam 103, the beam 103 can be effectively supported by the first vertical beam 101 and the second vertical beam 102, and the structural stability is strong. Referring to FIG. 2 , the first driving mechanism 107 is distributed in the middle area between the two sets of Y-axis guide rails 106 to ensure that the friction force between the first mounting seat 301 and the two sets of Y-axis guide rails 106 is close to or consistent, extending service life.
在本发明的一些实施例中，第一安装座301靠近第二竖梁102的侧面设置有沿Z轴方向延伸的Z轴导轨303，刀具箱体300安装于Z轴导轨303上。与前述实施例相似的，Z轴导轨303分布于刀具箱体300上下边缘区域，以提高安装稳定性。第一安装座301在两组Z轴导轨303之间的中间位置设置有第三驱动机构302，第三驱动机构302用于控制刀具箱体300沿Z轴导轨303移动。In some embodiments of the present invention, a Z-axis guide rail 303 extending along the Z-axis direction is provided on the side of the first mounting seat 301 close to the second vertical beam 102 , and the tool box 300 is mounted on the Z-axis guide rail 303 . Similar to the previous embodiment, the Z-axis guide rails 303 are distributed on the upper and lower edge regions of the tool box body 300 to improve the installation stability. The first mounting seat 301 is provided with a third driving mechanism 302 at an intermediate position between the two sets of Z-axis guide rails 303 , and the third driving mechanism 302 is used to control the tool box 300 to move along the Z-axis guide rails 303 .
在本发明的一些实施例中，横梁103于垂直于刀具主轴C轴所处侧面的侧面设置有多条沿X轴方向延伸的X轴导轨201，横梁103于最上方的X轴导轨201和最下方的X轴导轨201之间的中间位置设置有第二驱动机构202，第二驱动机构202用于控制第二安装座200于X轴导轨201上移动。In some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of X-axis guide rails 201 extending along the X-axis direction are provided on the side of the beam 103 perpendicular to the side where the C-axis of the tool spindle is located. A second driving mechanism 202 is disposed in the middle position between the lower X-axis guide rails 201 , and the second driving mechanism 202 is used to control the second mounting base 200 to move on the X-axis guide rail 201 .
在上述实施例中，第一驱动机构107、第二驱动机构202和第三驱动机构302可以采用直线电机、力矩电机、电机丝杆传动机构、油缸驱动机构、齿轮传动机构、曲柄连杆传动机构、蜗轮蜗杆传动机构中的一种进行驱动，由于此类机构均属于现有技术，故在此不作具体描述。In the above embodiment, the first driving mechanism 107, the second driving mechanism 202 and the third driving mechanism 302 may adopt a linear motor, a torque motor, a motor screw transmission mechanism, an oil cylinder driving mechanism, a gear transmission mechanism, and a crank connecting rod transmission mechanism . One of the worm gear and worm transmission mechanisms is used for driving. Since such mechanisms belong to the prior art, they will not be described in detail here.
为了进一步提高工件主轴A轴和刀具主轴C轴的安装稳定性，在本发明的一些实施例中，第一安装座301靠近第二竖梁102的侧面设置有沿Z轴方向延伸的第一让位凹腔，刀具箱体300部分配入第一让位凹腔内，第二安装座200上设置有沿Y轴方向延伸的第二让位凹腔，工件箱体203部分配入第二让位凹腔内，第一让位凹腔和第二让位凹腔均设置有加强结构。In order to further improve the installation stability of the A-axis of the workpiece spindle and the C-axis of the tool spindle, in some embodiments of the present invention, the side surface of the first mounting seat 301 close to the second vertical beam 102 is provided with a first recess extending along the Z-axis direction. Positioning cavity, the tool box 300 is partially allocated into the first yielding cavity, the second mounting seat 200 is provided with a second yielding cavity extending along the Y-axis direction, and the workpiece box 203 is partially fitted into the second yielding cavity. In the displacement cavity, the first and second displacement concave cavity are provided with reinforcing structures.
采用上述结构设置的数控齿轮加工机床能够通过第一让位凹腔减小第一安装座301和刀具箱体300的重心距离、通过第二让位凹腔减小第二安装座200与工件箱体203的重心距离，进而减小工件主轴A轴、刀具主轴C轴相对于床身100的力臂长度，提升结构稳定性，进而提高齿轮加工的控制精度。并且让位凹腔的设置有利于减轻整体机床的重量，较图4所示的传统结构中第二滑台7和第一滑台4的结构而言，结构强度更高。参照图1和图2，加强结构的设置能够用于提升两组导轨之间的强度、刚度。本实施例中的加强结构可以根据实际产品尺寸、形状进行灵活设定，比如进行加强筋、加强肋板灵活组合的形式布局，在此不作过多描述。The CNC gear processing machine tool set with the above structure can reduce the distance between the center of gravity of the first mounting seat 301 and the tool box body 300 through the first recess cavity, and reduce the distance between the second mounting seat 200 and the workpiece box through the second recess cavity. The distance of the center of gravity of the body 203 is reduced, thereby reducing the arm length of the workpiece spindle A axis and the tool spindle C axis relative to the bed 100, improving the structural stability, and further improving the control accuracy of gear machining. In addition, the arrangement of the recessed cavity is beneficial to reduce the weight of the whole machine tool, and has higher structural strength than the structure of the second sliding table 7 and the first sliding table 4 in the conventional structure shown in FIG. 4 . Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the arrangement of the reinforcement structure can be used to improve the strength and rigidity between the two sets of guide rails. The reinforcing structure in this embodiment can be flexibly set according to the actual product size and shape, for example, a form of layout in the form of a flexible combination of reinforcing ribs and reinforcing rib plates, which will not be described too much here.
在本发明的一些实施例中，床身100设置有底座104，底座104的水平截面为矩形，且第一竖梁101、第二竖梁102和横梁103的水平投影均位于底座104上。本实施例中的数控齿轮加工机床较传统结构而言，增大了底座104的面积，有利于提升机床的稳定性。In some embodiments of the present invention, the bed 100 is provided with a base 104 , the horizontal section of the base 104 is rectangular, and the horizontal projections of the first vertical beam 101 , the second vertical beam 102 and the cross beam 103 are all located on the base 104 . Compared with the traditional structure, the numerical control gear processing machine tool in this embodiment increases the area of the base 104, which is beneficial to improve the stability of the machine tool.
另外，考虑到磨齿机床要设置集油槽，铣齿机要设置排屑器，为了方便集油槽或者排屑器的设置，在本发明的一些实施例中，底座104于工件箱体203的下方设置有让位结构105。In addition, considering that the gear grinding machine should be provided with an oil collecting groove, and the gear milling machine should be provided with a chip conveyor, in order to facilitate the installation of the oil collecting groove or the chip conveyor, in some embodiments of the present invention, the base 104 is located below the workpiece box 203 A bypass structure 105 is provided.
综上所述，本发明中的数控齿轮加工机床既可以用作数控铣齿机，也可以用作数控磨齿机，适用范围广。本发明中，第一竖梁101整体尺寸大于第二竖梁102，可以为第一安装座301和刀具箱体300提供足够的支撑作用，同时结合横梁103和第二竖梁102充分抵消刀具主轴C轴、工件主轴A轴形成的悬臂效应。整体布局、结构较传统结构而言更加合理，能够有效改善机床的抗震性能，提高整机的静态刚性和动态刚性。试验显示，在高速运行时各部件的振动小于传统结构，有助于提高齿轮的加工质量。To sum up, the numerical control gear processing machine tool in the present invention can be used as both a numerical control gear milling machine and a numerical control gear grinding machine, and has a wide range of applications. In the present invention, the overall size of the first vertical beam 101 is larger than that of the second vertical beam 102, which can provide sufficient support for the first mounting seat 301 and the tool box 300, and at the same time combine the beam 103 and the second vertical beam 102 to fully offset the tool spindle The cantilever effect formed by the C-axis and the A-axis of the workpiece spindle. The overall layout and structure are more reasonable than the traditional structure, which can effectively improve the seismic performance of the machine tool and improve the static rigidity and dynamic rigidity of the whole machine. The test shows that the vibration of each component is smaller than that of the traditional structure at high speed, which helps to improve the machining quality of the gear.
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。In the description of this specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples", etc., is meant to incorporate the embodiments A particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described by an example or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

  1. 一种数控齿轮加工机床，其特征在于，包括：A CNC gear processing machine tool, characterized in that it includes:
    床身，所述床身设置有第一竖梁、第二竖梁和架设于所述第一竖梁、第二竖梁上的横梁；a bed, the bed is provided with a first vertical beam, a second vertical beam, and a cross beam erected on the first vertical beam and the second vertical beam;
    刀具主轴，可移动地安装于所述第一竖梁靠近所述第二竖梁的侧面；a tool spindle, movably mounted on the side of the first vertical beam close to the second vertical beam;
    工件主轴，可移动地安装于所述横梁的一个侧面，并且所述工件主轴所处侧面垂直于所述刀具主轴所处侧面；a workpiece spindle, which is movably mounted on one side of the beam, and the side where the workpiece spindle is located is perpendicular to the side where the tool spindle is located;
    所述刀具主轴和所述工件主轴最多能够在三个垂直方向上彼此相对地线性移动，且两者中至少有一者能够相对于其所处侧面以角度方式运动。The tool spindle and the workpiece spindle are capable of linear movement relative to each other in up to three vertical directions, and at least one of the two is capable of angular movement relative to the side on which it rests.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的数控齿轮加工机床，其特征在于：所述第一竖梁靠近所述第二竖梁的侧面设置有沿竖直Y轴移动的第一安装座，所述第一安装座设置有沿水平Z轴移动的刀具箱体，所述刀具主轴沿平行于所述Z轴的方向设置于所述刀具箱体内；所述横梁于垂直于所述刀具主轴所处侧面的侧面设置有沿水平X轴移动的第二安装座，所述X轴垂直于所述Z轴和所述Y轴，所述第二安装座上设置有绕竖直的回转轴B轴旋转的工件箱体，所述工件主轴沿垂直于所述回转轴B轴的方向设置于所述工件箱体内。The CNC gear processing machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: a side surface of the first vertical beam close to the second vertical beam is provided with a first mounting seat that moves along the vertical Y-axis, and the first mounting seat moves along the vertical Y-axis. The seat is provided with a tool box that moves along the horizontal Z axis, the tool spindle is arranged in the tool box along the direction parallel to the Z axis; the beam is arranged on the side perpendicular to the side where the tool spindle is located There is a second mounting seat that moves along the horizontal X-axis, the X-axis is perpendicular to the Z-axis and the Y-axis, and the second mounting seat is provided with a workpiece box that rotates around the vertical rotation axis B-axis , the workpiece spindle is arranged in the workpiece box along the direction perpendicular to the B axis of the rotation axis.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的数控齿轮加工机床，其特征在于：所述第一竖梁沿Z轴方向的长度大于所述第二竖梁，所述第一竖梁靠近所述第二竖梁的侧面设置有若干条沿Y轴方向延伸的Y轴导轨，所述Y轴导轨位于所述第二竖梁正对所述第一竖梁的区域的边缘处或者所述第二竖梁正对所述第一竖梁的区域的外侧。The CNC gear processing machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the length of the first vertical beam along the Z-axis direction is greater than that of the second vertical beam, and the first vertical beam is close to the second vertical beam. A number of Y-axis guide rails extending along the Y-axis direction are arranged on the side, and the Y-axis guide rails are located at the edge of the area where the second vertical beam is facing the first vertical beam or the second vertical beam is facing outside of the area of the first vertical beam.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的数控齿轮加工机床，其特征在于：所述第一竖梁设置有用于控制所述第一安装座沿Y轴方向移动的第一驱动机构，所述第一驱动机构位于所述横梁的中间位置。The CNC gear processing machine tool according to claim 3, wherein the first vertical beam is provided with a first driving mechanism for controlling the movement of the first mounting base along the Y-axis direction, and the first driving mechanism is located in the direction of the Y-axis. the middle position of the beam.
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的数控齿轮加工机床，其特征在于：所述第一安装座靠近所述第二竖梁的侧面设置有沿Z轴方向延伸的第一让位凹腔，所述刀具箱体部分配入所述第一让位凹腔内，所述第二安装座上设置有沿Y轴方向延伸的第二让位凹腔，所述工件箱体部分配入所述第二让位凹腔内，所述第一让位凹腔和所述第二让位凹腔均设置有加强结构。The CNC gear processing machine tool according to claim 2, wherein: the side of the first mounting seat close to the second vertical beam is provided with a first receding cavity extending along the Z-axis direction, and the tool box The body part is fitted into the first give-away cavity, the second mounting seat is provided with a second give-away cavity extending along the Y-axis direction, and the workpiece box body is fitted into the second give-away cavity In the concave cavity, both the first and the second concave cavity are provided with reinforcing structures.
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的数控齿轮加工机床，其特征在于：所述床身设置有底座，所述底座的水平截面为矩形，且所述第一竖梁、第二竖梁和横梁的水平投影均 位于所述底座上。The CNC gear processing machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the bed is provided with a base, the horizontal section of the base is rectangular, and the horizontal projection of the first vertical beam, the second vertical beam and the cross beam are located on the base.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的数控齿轮加工机床，其特征在于：所述底座于所述工件箱体的下方设置有让位结构。The numerical control gear machining machine tool according to claim 6, wherein the base is provided with a space-giving structure below the workpiece box.
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的数控齿轮加工机床，其特征在于：所述横梁于垂直于所述刀具主轴所处侧面的侧面设置有多条沿X轴方向延伸的X轴导轨，所述横梁于最上方的所述X轴导轨和最下方的所述X轴导轨之间的中间位置设置有第二驱动机构，所述第二驱动机构用于控制所述第二安装座于所述X轴导轨上移动。The CNC gear processing machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the cross beam is provided with a plurality of X-axis guide rails extending along the X-axis direction on the side surface perpendicular to the side surface where the tool spindle is located, and the cross beam is located at the most A second drive mechanism is provided in the middle position between the upper X-axis guide rail and the lowermost X-axis guide rail, and the second drive mechanism is used to control the second mounting seat on the X-axis guide rail move.
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