CN1133167A - 无创伤可逆性输卵管硅橡胶栓 - Google Patents

无创伤可逆性输卵管硅橡胶栓 Download PDF

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CN1133167A
CN1133167A CN 95109089 CN95109089A CN1133167A CN 1133167 A CN1133167 A CN 1133167A CN 95109089 CN95109089 CN 95109089 CN 95109089 A CN95109089 A CN 95109089A CN 1133167 A CN1133167 A CN 1133167A
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陈凯
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Abstract

本发明属于输卵管内绝育栓子的设计改进。本发明为无创伤可逆性输卵管硅橡胶栓,用硅橡胶和铜丝做原料,对人体无害。在设计上利用硅橡胶的弹性回位特性,置入时可将栓子拉长变细,置入后栓子可恢复原状,完全堵塞输卵管,达到绝育的目的,取出栓子后即可恢复生育能力。

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无创伤可逆性输卵管硅橡胶栓
本发明属于输卵管内绝育栓子的改进设计。
《重庆医药》1986,15〔1〕:7的《输卵管硅橡胶塞绝育法的研究》一文,刘峰等人于是1979年初10月至1984年4月用硅橡胶制成柱状塞,经腹从馓端逆行放入输卵管----壶腹部之间,管壁外以7号丝线环扎固定,共施行825例,节育有效率为97.21%。但此方法存在着需要开刀经腹腔置入,是一种创伤性置入法。
《生殖与避孕》1987,7(3):66的《单组份硅橡胶注入雌兔输卵管内绝育及复孕的动物实验研究》一文中,曹采苹等人的实验结果为有94%家兔输卵管内材料完整存留,抗生育效果可达100%。另有6%的家兔抗生育失败原因是材料输入时加杂气泡使材料断裂,造成输卵管内不完全存留,因而随输卵管的蠕动使材料流失。材料取出后一个月内的5只家兔中有2只复孕。
《生殖与避孕》1992,12(6):12的《硅橡胶堵塞兔输卵管对其上皮细胞超微结构的影响》一文中,杨丽珍等人的实验结果表明上海研制的单组份硅橡胶材料堵塞兔输卵管后,对上皮细胞超微结构仅有轻微影响,去除硅橡胶后3个月,上皮细胞的功能形态有明显恢复。
《生殖与避孕》1987,7(3):10的《111例正常生育力男子***中锌、镁、钙、钾、钠的研究》熊源发等人提出铜对***有毒性作用,可抑制***的活动。而***内铜浓度低有利于***的活动。
E.S.E.哈费兹主编《人类生殖----受孕与避孕》一书中指出,对胚泡的直接作用是铜的最主要抗生育作用。铜对小鼠胚泡作用的体外研究表明,在2.5×10-5克分子浓度的氯化铜时,胚泡被破坏。培养基中的铜丝甚至比铜盐溶液更能引起胚泡的变化。这些研究者的结论是,金属铜能使蛋白质硫氢键断裂,进一步导致胚胎死亡。当含铜节育器在人子宫内时,铜离子以较慢的速度释放。如果将铜丝放在子宫内膜分泌物中,并与生理盐水混合,铜离子弥散于这种液体中,8小时以后,达到4×10-5克分子浓度。
《实用妇产科杂志》1993,9(4):198的《输卵管硅橡胶塞绝育法的可行性研究》一文中,代世行等人报告了研究硅塞绝育的15只家兔,取塞后的复通未孕及复孕后的输卵管病理形态学无明显变化的基础上,观察了硅塞绝育的3----32个月的妇女8例取塞后,经通液试验均通畅。有生育要求的5例中,4例于6---15个月内获宫内妊娠,1例再婚,因男方患少精症,未孕。表明本法具有可逆性。但此方法仍需开刀置入和取出硅橡胶塞。
《实用妇产科杂志》1993,9(4):185的《输卵管绝育术研究进展》一文中报导的从1979年起经宫腔镜给201位妇女按放P-block栓1100妇女年,随访有37例妊娠,总继存率48%。1982年给近百位妇女放置输卵管内尼龙节育栓(ITCD),结果放置失败率为4.8%,一侧或双侧ITCD脱落或移位率为9.6%,1例放置ITCD6个月后发生宫内妊娠。
综上所述,目前还没有一种既无创伤又易于置入和取出,不易脱落,绝育效果令人满意的输卵管内绝育栓子。
通过对专利文献的查阅未见有与本发明相似的设计。
本发明的目的是用于育龄妇女的绝育,是一种无创伤可逆性输卵管内绝育硅橡胶栓子,设计有可防止栓子脱出输卵管和滑入输卵管的装置,符合输卵管的解剖结构,栓子置入后即可达到绝育的目的,栓子取出后即可恢复生育能力,不干扰妇女的内分泌,没有手术后的各种并发症,使绝育妇女易于接受,解除了绝育妇女的后顾之忧,便于计划生育工作的开展。
本发明采用硅橡胶及铜丝做原料,对人体无害。在设计上利用硅橡胶的回位特性,其内部是中空的,一是可以增加栓子的弹性,减少对输卵管壁的压迫,二是可以将栓子拉长,使之变细,便于置入。栓子的头部粗大呈椭圆形,置入后弹性回位可紧密堵塞输卵管,使栓子不易脱出,阻挡卵子排出,栓体呈圆柱体形较细,使之与峡部较细的结剖特点相适应,栓尾粗大呈圆台形,使栓子不能滑入输卵管内,避免日后取出困难,同时可阻挡***进入输卵管。栓尾的铜丝和铜环可长期缓慢地释放出铜离子,提高宫腔内的铜离子浓度,有杀伤***和破坏胚泡的功能。栓尾的铜环用于穿牵拉线拉长栓子以利于置入,也便于日后取出栓子。置入时将一金属置入器***栓子内部,将一牵拉线穿过栓尾铜环,拉紧牵拉线使栓子变长变细,在宫腔镜的直视下将栓子准确地送入输卵管内,抽出牵拉线,栓子恢复原状,堵塞输卵管,然后轻轻退出置入器。取栓时在宫腔镜的直视下,钩住栓尾铜环即可拉出,如取出有困难时,可按置入时相反的程序取出。
栓子置入后即可达到长期绝育的目的,取出后即可恢复生育,便于绝育妇女接受,是一种无创伤性可逆性绝育方法。
本发明的结构如图1.图2所示:栓头(1)长10mm,栓体(2)长8mm,栓尾(3)长5mm,栓尾铜环(5)直径4mm,栓头(6)宽4mm,栓壁(7)厚0.7mm,栓体(8)宽2mm,栓体至栓尾中空(9)宽0.6mm,栓尾(10)最宽处10mm。置入时如图3所示:栓子(11)被拉长、变细,金属置入器(12)。

Claims (1)

1.一种用硅橡胶和铜丝制成的无创伤可逆性输卵管硅橡胶栓,其特征在于:栓子内部是中空的,栓子具有椭圆形栓头、圆柱形栓体、圆台形栓尾、栓尾缠绕铜丝、栓尾铜环,栓子在置入时可拉长变细,置入后利用硅橡胶的弹性回位特性使栓子恢复原状。
CN 95109089 1995-08-31 1995-08-31 无创伤可逆性输卵管硅橡胶栓 Expired - Fee Related CN1066035C (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101496758B (zh) * 2008-12-08 2011-04-27 中国人民解放军第三军医大学 实现避孕的形状记忆输卵管避孕装置
CN103598944A (zh) * 2013-12-05 2014-02-26 山东中医药大学附属医院 可逆性载药输卵管节育器

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024084486A1 (en) * 2022-10-19 2024-04-25 Femiguard Ltd. Device and method for occluding a tubular organ

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101496758B (zh) * 2008-12-08 2011-04-27 中国人民解放军第三军医大学 实现避孕的形状记忆输卵管避孕装置
CN103598944A (zh) * 2013-12-05 2014-02-26 山东中医药大学附属医院 可逆性载药输卵管节育器
CN103598944B (zh) * 2013-12-05 2015-08-26 山东中医药大学附属医院 可逆性载药输卵管节育器

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